CN1442809A - Method of determining whether hazardous source is or not conformed with serious hazardous source management range and laws and regulations requirement - Google Patents
Method of determining whether hazardous source is or not conformed with serious hazardous source management range and laws and regulations requirement Download PDFInfo
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- CN1442809A CN1442809A CN 02110097 CN02110097A CN1442809A CN 1442809 A CN1442809 A CN 1442809A CN 02110097 CN02110097 CN 02110097 CN 02110097 A CN02110097 A CN 02110097A CN 1442809 A CN1442809 A CN 1442809A
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Abstract
A method for determining if a dangerous source conforms with th e important dangerous source management range and statutes includes such steps as determining the type of dangerous source and the components and their percentages of the dangerous material in the enterprise, comparing them with the relative management regulations issued by government to determine if it belongs to the management range, and comparing for determining if it conforms with the important dangerous source management statutes.
Description
The present invention relates to the method whether a kind of definite dangerous matter sources meets Management of Major Risk scope and laws and regulations requirement.
Current, developing rapidly when bringing great economic benefit and social benefit for human society of industry also increased many unsafe factors.Because the production run of big industry in modern age is very complicated, in management, technical and nature all may occur some fortuitous events at any time and cause accident to take place.Particularly the occurrence frequency of sudden accident and the order of severity obviously increase in recent years.According to expert introduction, about 200 serious chemical accidents take place at present every year on average.Make in 45 tons of methyl isocyanate incidents of leakage that on Dec 2nd, 1984, India Bhopal insecticide factory took place that 2500 people die, 600,000 people poison, 200,000 people flee one's home, entire city is at a standstill.After 10 years, existing 6495 people's death also have 40,000 people to be at death's door.In China, major accident also has the trend that increases year by year, and the loss that accident causes is also increasing.
At the end of the eighties, some developed countries have taken the lead in carrying out research and have implemented the activity of employment security and administration of health system.International Organization for Standardization and International Labour Organization (the ILO) (ILO) are just setting about research and employment security and administration of health system standardization issue are being discussed at present, jointly issued employment security and administration of health system OHSAS18001 standard by the whole world foremost standard system research, certification authority (as BSI, SGS, DNV, NSAI, LRQA, SABS etc.) in April, 99, becomes employment security and administration of health system certification standard that present international community generally adopts.Standard-required various countries tissue is set up and maintenance employment security and administration of health system, and going forward side by side in the hazard recognition source, sector-style is dangerous to be estimated, and formulates control corresponding countermeasure and program, to reach provisions of laws and regulations and Continual Improvement.
In recent years along with Chinese economic development, accident is rising situation.Some comprehensive safety in production problems are badly in need of setting about planning as a whole research, the emergency rescue system of monitoring, prediction and strick precaution sudden accident is just being set about the current intelligence of the distribution of (or claiming accident potential) of national major hazard source, classification is set up by country, improves the differentiated control of all kinds of dangerous matter sources and every laws and regulations of effectively administering.
But it should be noted that, in the actual mechanical process of dangerous matter sources being implemented management, exist two difficulties: the one, because the continuous expansion in enterprise production place, all kinds of devices and production place are more and more intensive, the Hazardous Chemical Substances kind of using in the production and storing is more and more many and become increasingly complex, be difficult to dangerous matter sources is discerned and classification work, be difficult to determine whether the dangerous matter sources of enterprises belongs to " major hazard source " that needs government's monitoring management.Two to relate to the rules and regulations of dangerous matter sources management many for it, and Government departments are the new rules of promulgation constantly, also has the promulgation of many local laws and regulations, this just implements management to enterprise to dangerous matter sources and brings difficulty, checks that its requirement that whether meets relevant management rules also becomes more and more complicated.How solving this two problems preferably, is purpose of the present invention or starting point, the objective of the invention is promptly to determine for perfect management is convenient whether dangerous matter sources meets a kind of method that Management of Major Risk scope and laws and regulations requirement provide
The present invention at first determines enterprise's dangerous matter sources type and the constituent of dangerous substance or energy and the amount of existence, again the dangerous matter sources of determining and government are compared about the management rules standard of such dangerous matter sources, check whether it meets the range of management of major hazard source, and relatively whether it meets the requirement of such Management of Major Risk regulations.Thereby, can determine itself and government accordance about dangerous matter sources comprehensive safety laws and regulations on the management, standard.Obviously this helps dangerous matter sources is implemented surveillance and control measure targetedly, help to improve the prevention technique level of major accident, help to improve the prevention awareness of the whole society, help to set up the major hazard source information management system, significant to the generation that prevents major accident.
Enterprise all will carry out safety evaluation when newly-built process units and change technological design.Simultaneously also will to belong to major hazard source labour device regularly carry out safety evaluation.Enterprise will regularly declare the correlation circumstance of dangerous matter sources to government, accepts the supervision and oversight of relevant authority of office department of government.
But, the production scene in enterprise, multiple often dangerous substance coexistence, multiple accident potential exist simultaneously.In case and accident takes place, the device around may having influence on results in greater loss.When determining a dangerous matter sources unit, need consider that the situation when the objectively reflection accident of unit of division is taken place can not cause the severe degree of exaggerative accident to the incorrect expansion in unit to the combined factors of several aspects; Can not be little dividing elements, covered up the accident harm that may cause.In the present invention,, can instruct the safety manager reasonably to divide dangerous matter sources, calculate dangerous substance and energy in the unit more accurately according to the dangerous matter sources identification technique.
After correctly having divided the dangerous matter sources in the enterprise, in order to determine whether to belong to major hazard source, need do an assessment to the economic loss and the casualties situation of the contingent accident of dangerous matter sources.Method in common is that the dead radius of vulnerability that the prediction accident takes place is main evaluation index.For the accident severity that may occur is predicted, generally follow following principle:
1, the greatest danger principle: if a kind of dangerous substance has multiple accident form, and their damage sequence differs greatly, and then considers by the most serious accident form of consequence.
2, probability summation principle: if a kind of dangerous substance has multiple accident form, and their damage sequence differs not too great disparity, then estimates total damage sequence according to the statistical average principle.
3, when estimating accident severity, the injury effectiveness of hypothetical accident is isotropic, and the injury zone is is the center of circle with the unit center, be the border circular areas of radius with the radius of vulnerability.
In addition, according to China's relevant regulations, even if dead three people above major accident, so in the following cited example, more than dead 3 people under the accident condition or direct loss more than 1,000,000 yuan, think major hazard source.And can further segment for major hazard source, for example, the relevant regulations of China labour department are divided into one-level major hazard source and secondary major hazard source to major hazard source.At major hazard source, all there are the strict management method of a cover in various countries and governments at all levels, in addition, all there are relevant laws and regulations on the management and standard that it is implemented supervision and oversight for boiler with pressure vessel and the place of using, store and transporting Hazardous Chemical Substances in process of production.Another aspect of the present invention is to determine whether dangerous matter sources meets government to this type of dangerous matter sources management rules requirement.
To the division of dangerous unit in the enterprise, determine the amount of dangerous matter sources unit and dangerous substance, whether meet government with definite enterprise dangerous matter sources and whether meet government to this type of dangerous matter sources management rules requirement about Management of Major Risk scope and definite dangerous matter sources, three parts can be separate and be used in combination separately or in twos.For example: can whether meet government with definite enterprise dangerous matter sources and come major hazard source is generally investigated management about the Management of Major Risk scope.Equally, also can compare about the relevant laws and regulations standard of such dangerous matter sources with government, instruct enterprise to carry out Control of Hidden work in enterprise's existing dangerous matter sources safety management situation.Therefore, the definite and comparing function of the dividing elements of dangerous matter sources of the present invention, major hazard source can be used separately.Obviously, these three ingredients of the present invention are combined together use, to form a whole set of method enterprise's dangerous matter sources identification, assessment.
Provide specific embodiments of the invention in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 determines by the present invention whether enterprise's dangerous matter sources meets government about the Management of Major Risk scope and whether meet the block diagram of system of government to this type of dangerous matter sources rules and regulations requirement.
Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram that describes the dangerous matter sources dividing elements among Fig. 1 in detail.
Fig. 3 is the process flow diagram of the dangerous matter sources hidden danger analytic process in the key diagram 1.
Fig. 4 A, Fig. 4 B, Fig. 4 C (form Fig. 4, as shown in the figure) process flow diagram of the rules compatibility checkout procedure in the presentation graphs 1 together.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes three parts: determine that object 110, analysis and evaluation 120 and compatibility compare 130.Determine that object 110 is used for need carrying out when enterprise assessment and when management of dangerous matter sources, determine that those devices and the place of enterprises includes hazard factor and accident potential, and clear and definite their hidden danger type and scope, promptly dangerous matter sources is carried out dividing elements.When determining to need the dangerous matter sources object of further being analyzed and carrying out the dangerous matter sources dividing elements, having is the basis that has utilized the existing dangerous matter sources safety management of enterprise greatly, comprise data that some are basic and safety manager's relevant knowledge, and some universal methods of dangerous matter sources identification, assessment.By to the understanding in depth of device technique, grasp dangerous substance total amount in the device and possible accident form, carry out dangerous matter sources and divide 111.By to install whole unsafe condition know the real situation and investigation is accomplished not careless omission in dangerous matter sources management.Therefore need the documents such as design sheets 114 of new device or technological transformation.Just can determine that according to unit of being divided and relevant technical information next step carries out the analysis and evaluation 120 of dangerous matter sources classification, safety case like this, promptly form dangerous matter sources basic condition 115 and dangerous matter sources periphery situation 113.
The analysis and evaluation 120 of dangerous matter sources is that the situation of dangerous matter sources is done a job of analyzing, concluding, gather.110 dangerous matter sources of being divided are carried out dangerous hidden danger according to dangerous matter sources basic condition 115 analyze 121, and determine in compatibility required data in 130 relatively according to the dangerous matter sources type that the user provided, and organize guides user that these data are imported, so that finally form a cover present situation of dangerous matter sources is met the data that corresponding rules are described, in order to carry out the rules check 133 that conforms to.When needs are investigated the surrounding enviroment of dangerous matter sources; for example the dangerous matter sources periphery has particular social functional areas such as residential block, school, historic reservation; reach possible accident and can cause the huge influence that is difficult to eliminate, can carry out manual shift 123 according to the related data of determining the 113 pairs of conclusions 122 of dangerous matter sources periphery situation in the object 110 to surrounding enviroment.Complete sum is representative more to make data.
Also having a part in compatibility comparison 130 is rules database maintenance 132.All rule and standard that comprised suitable local dangerous matter sources management in the rules database 131, but when practical application is of the present invention can need rules database 131 is constantly safeguarded and upgraded.This situation may be since government to the promulgation of the modification of rule and standard and new rule and standard, or product needed of the present invention is applied to different countries.
In definite object 110, it is contents of a key that dangerous matter sources divides 111, elaborates in Fig. 2 here.The first step is to determine the disaster form 201 of dangerous matter sources according to the situation of device.Because dissimilar dangerous matter sources, its disaster form is also inequality, and dissimilar dangerous matter sources also has its rules, standard of being suitable for mutually that they are managed respectively.Disaster form shown in 202 frames.Divide dangerous matter sources scope 203 then, i.e. the division of dangerous unit.For the dangerous matter sources dividing elements, each unit that requirement is divided is relatively independent.Determine the coverage of accident like this by the accident severity 204 of estimating dangerous matter sources, investigate the independence of unit.If do not meet this principle,, promptly, determine dangerous matter sources zone 206 once more to the border of each dangerous matter sources unit according to dividing elements principle division unit then to having interactive unit to merge or repartitioning the unit.Revalue the accident severity 204 of dangerous matter sources, till correct division unit.
Analyze 121 for dangerous hidden danger, visible Fig. 3.Be the dangerous matter sources of being divided according to 111, determine main hazard factor, select the dangerous matter sources kind in 301 ~ 307 frames, further be subdivided into 308 ~ 312 again, selection is defined as wherein concrete a certain.By arrangement and conclusion to rules database 131, for the concrete hazard factor or the dangerous matter sources of particular type, drawn carry out rules conform to the check 133 necessary data, determine the content of input like this according to its rules of following, standard, and provide enough promptings and illustrate that 314 organize data and guides user input, the user is according to relevant dangerous matter sources basic data 114, according to its basic condition 313 of prompting input.When needs are investigated the peripheral situation of dangerous matter sources, according to 1, dangerous matter sources is to the influence of surrounding enviroment; 2, surrounding enviroment are to the influence of dangerous matter sources; Come the content 315 of manual shift input.Import its surrounding enviroment situation 317.Through above step, handle the content 316 of input, final formation is described by the regulation of the dangerous matter sources basic condition of certain format.
Fig. 4 then describes the check of rules compatibility in detail.This is to describe 316 data according to the regulation that dangerous hidden danger is analyzed 121 resulting dangerous matter sources basic conditions by certain format, compares with related content in the rules database again.Progressively screening, compare item by item, and the compatibility 413 of the fire prevention design specifications of construction of structures in the inspection dangerous matter sources and relevant safety management rules and the compatibility of inspection and dangerous matter sources emergency management and rescue system management rules 412, finally finish compatibility inspection with all relevant law standards.Formed conclusion is summarized in the process to the compatibility inspection, forms final conclusion: conform to 134 or do not conform to 135, and enumerate specific targets, make and revise 136 suggestions according to the place that does not conform to.
Therefore, method of the present invention is to rely on data handling system, at first determine the dangerous matter sources object 110 of required management, assessment, then the contingent accident of determining of dangerous matter sources is carried out analysis and evaluation 120, the preliminary conclusion of describing with the regulation that obtains estimating this dangerous matter sources safety case 122, in case comprise having an accident possible consequence and influence.Again with rules database 131 in relevant laws and regulations, standard carry out compatibility relatively 130, to wherein meet or do not meet government regulation, the standard part is made and is revised 136 suggestions.
In accompanying drawing and technical requirement, revealed several typical optimum implementation of the present invention, and used some concrete terms, but they only do general and descriptive sense with rather than restricted property.Embodiment of the present invention can be with multiple different form, therefore should not think the embodiment that only limits to propose here; On the contrary, the announcement of the present invention that furnishes an explanation of these embodiments is detailed and comprehensive, therefore all the elements of the present invention has all been passed to those technician that relate to dangerous matter sources safety management and technology fully.
The combination of element can be implemented by the hardware based general and/or dedicated system of execution appointed function or step or by combination general and/or specialized hardware and computer instruction in each element of illustration and the illustration.
These programmed instruction can offer corresponding actuating unit, make the instruction of carrying out on device for implementing the fixed function apparatus for establishing of illustration middle finger.Computer program instructions can be carried out so that this device is carried out the sequence of operations step to produce the process that computing machine is carried out by device, makes the instruction of carrying out on this device can provide step to carry out the function of appointment in the illustration.Therefore, Fig. 1-4 combination of supporting step with the function of carrying out appointment and support program command device to carry out the function of appointment.Obvious the present invention is prevention and the contingent accident of assessment dangerous matter sources, and the Management of Major Risk scope is managed and determined whether to meet to dangerous matter sources and government's relevant laws and regulations require to provide reliable and effective method in convenient perfect carrying out.
Claims (4)
1, whether a kind of definite dangerous matter sources meets the method for Management of Major Risk scope and laws and regulations requirement, it is characterized in that this method is listed in the step of carrying out in the data handling system under containing: determine required management, the dangerous matter sources object 110 of assessment, then the contingent accident of determining of dangerous matter sources is carried out analysis and evaluation 120, the preliminary conclusion of describing with the regulation that obtains estimating this dangerous matter sources safety case 122, in case comprise have an accident possible consequence and influence, again with rules database 131 in relevant laws and regulations, standard is carried out compatibility relatively 130, to wherein meeting or not meeting government regulation, the standard part is made and is revised 136 suggestions.
2, whether definite dangerous matter sources as claimed in claim 1 meets the method for Management of Major Risk scope and laws and regulations requirement, it is characterized in that dangerous matter sources determines that object 110 steps comprise need be to the technological transformation of enterprise's new device and existing apparatus and the change 112 of technology, when carrying out dangerous matter sources assessment and management, carry out dangerous matter sources and divide 111, and the compiling of documents such as design sheets 114 of new device or technological transformation formed dangerous matter sources basic condition 115 and dangerous matter sources periphery situation 113.
3, whether definite dangerous matter sources as claimed in claim 1 meets the method for Management of Major Risk scope and laws and regulations requirement, analysis and evaluation 120 steps that it is characterized in that dangerous matter sources comprise carries out dangerous hidden danger to 110 dangerous matter sources of being divided according to dangerous matter sources basic condition 115 and analyzes 121, according to the required data that provide in compatibility comparison 130, tissue and guides the user that these data are imported, so that finally form a cover meets corresponding rules description to the present situation of dangerous matter sources data conclusion 122, in order to carrying out the rules check 133 that conforms to, and carry out manual shift 123 according to the related data of determining the 113 pairs of conclusions 122 of dangerous matter sources periphery situation in the object 110.
4, whether definite dangerous matter sources as claimed in claim 1 meets the method for Management of Major Risk scope and laws and regulations requirement, the step that it is characterized in that the compatibility comparison 130 of dangerous matter sources comprises compares to the relevant laws and regulations in the every data in the conclusion 122 and the rules database 131, the particular content of standard, to wherein meeting 134 or do not meet 135 government regulations, standard part and make and revise 136 suggestions, and can constantly carry out rules database maintenance 132 to rules database 131.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 02110097 CN1442809A (en) | 2002-03-02 | 2002-03-02 | Method of determining whether hazardous source is or not conformed with serious hazardous source management range and laws and regulations requirement |
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| CN 02110097 CN1442809A (en) | 2002-03-02 | 2002-03-02 | Method of determining whether hazardous source is or not conformed with serious hazardous source management range and laws and regulations requirement |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102129617A (en) * | 2011-03-03 | 2011-07-20 | 山东浪潮齐鲁软件产业股份有限公司 | Composite discretionary power management method |
| CN104809599A (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2015-07-29 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Evaluation method and system for guaranteeing effectiveness of protective measures of interplant pipeline of petrochemical enterprise |
| CN105805561A (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2016-07-27 | 中国特种设备检测研究院 | Inquiring and processing system and method for buried pipeline leakage accident |
| CN107067140A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-08-18 | 中国铁道科学研究院铁道科学技术研究发展中心 | Railway million event-handling methods of danger and device |
-
2002
- 2002-03-02 CN CN 02110097 patent/CN1442809A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102129617A (en) * | 2011-03-03 | 2011-07-20 | 山东浪潮齐鲁软件产业股份有限公司 | Composite discretionary power management method |
| CN104809599A (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2015-07-29 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Evaluation method and system for guaranteeing effectiveness of protective measures of interplant pipeline of petrochemical enterprise |
| CN105805561A (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2016-07-27 | 中国特种设备检测研究院 | Inquiring and processing system and method for buried pipeline leakage accident |
| CN105805561B (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2018-05-08 | 中国特种设备检测研究院 | A kind of system and method for investigating of buried pipeline leakage accident |
| CN107067140A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-08-18 | 中国铁道科学研究院铁道科学技术研究发展中心 | Railway million event-handling methods of danger and device |
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