CN1439245A - Mushroom planting substrate - Google Patents
Mushroom planting substrate Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1439245A CN1439245A CN03102305A CN03102305A CN1439245A CN 1439245 A CN1439245 A CN 1439245A CN 03102305 A CN03102305 A CN 03102305A CN 03102305 A CN03102305 A CN 03102305A CN 1439245 A CN1439245 A CN 1439245A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- mushroom
- additive
- mixed
- matrix
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a culture medium for culturing mushroom, which is obtained by adding 2-4 wt.% additives comprising bactericidal tobacco powder, egg shells having a high content of calcium and charcoal having a neutralizing action to a conventional mushroom culture medium of 96-98 wt.%, the mixure of additives and the mushroom culture medium being sterilized, the culture medium is a corncob, sawdust, sugar cane and cotton seed without rice bran. The waste of energy is prevented because the heat treatment for the culture medium is eliminated or reduced, especially no rice bran, the manufcturing process is able to be simplified without the heat treatment to culture excellent mushroom.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Mushroom planting substrate, particularly add the cultivation matrix of a small amount of additive in conventional Mushroom planting substrate, described additive is made up of the carbon of the tobacco powder that contains sterilization component, the eggshell that contains high calcium and a neutralization.In the manufacture process of this matrix, reduce the raw material thermal treatment energy of just avoiding waste, particularly under situation,, can make simplified manufacturing process because of carrying out sterilization processing without rice bran.Like this, do not carrying out under the situation of sterilization processing, just can not destroy nutritive element, in addition, the eggshell that is added is supplied with calcium, in the carbon and matrix, can cultivate good mushroom.
Background technology
In general, the process of making mushroom is, as the thalline (planting bacterium) of seed after cultivating the propagation certain hour on the matrix, the kind bacterium of this propagation is transferred in the growth room, just can produce a large amount of fruit bodys, promptly pester.
The kind bacterium of Pei Yanging is because of being the seed of mushroom like this, to prevent the intrusion of harmful bacterium when cultivating propagation in the early stage on the one hand, to fully supply with nutrition on the other hand, in addition, also to make matrix neutralization that soil is provided (neither acidifying, also do not alkalize), under the optimization condition of culture, could improve germination rate, a large amount of production high-quality mushrooms.
So, wish that the matrix of cultivating kind of bacterium has the suitableeest condition of culture, for this reason, in the farmers' and research institute of cultured mushroom, has carried out a large amount of research and experiment.
In the past, the mushroom fungus cultivation matrix had multiple according to the kind of mushroom, have with the straw be principal component matrix, be the matrix of principal component and serve as main matrix etc. with straw and rice bran with straw and sawdust.
At present, a large amount of cultivation matrixes of producing mushroom be with corn stalk (having removed the stem of the corn of corn fruit), sawdust, rice bran as principal component, wherein be mixed with the type of additives such as cotton, sugarcane, calcium carbonate, shell and bean or pea.
But this Mushroom planting substrate in the past is in manufacture process, and before the inoculation mushroom fungus, its inner existence is harmful to bacterium, particularly in sterilization, in order to make the hydrogen peroxide enzyme activation of rice bran, pass through heat treatment process.
Usually; concerning this Technology for Heating Processing, under the situation of common fiery mushroom kind bacteria cultivation matrix, after the process sterilization of boosting in about 2 hours under 100 ℃ of steam conditions; made temperature rise to 124 ℃ through 40-50 minute, at the high pressure sterilization that passes through again under this state of temperature about about 1 hour 30 minutes.In addition, using flat eating under kind of the situation of bacteria cultivation matrix, after 10-12 hour sterilization of process under 70-80 ℃, again 50 ℃ of following sterilizations 3 days.
, there is following problem in this Technology for Heating Processing: because of the long thermal treatment of necessary process, and the kind that extended bacterium culture technology, this becomes the principal element that reduces productivity ratio; Because of carrying out this long sterilization processing, consume fuel is more, and the production cost of mushroom rises; At high temperature carry out because of thermal treatment, destroyed and planted the essential nutrient of bacterium, can not cultivate good kind bacterium.
In addition,, also can only reach incomplete sterilization, for example,,, plant the bacterium culture success ratio and can not surpass about 80-90% usually because the outside is harmful to various reasons such as bacterium adventicous species bacterium in incubation even carried out sterilization even medium is carried out sterilization.The result is that the kind bacterium of 10-20% is subjected to mycotic infection, has reduced the productivity ratio of mushroom.
Therefore, at present heat treatment mode is not adopted in the sterilization of Mushroom planting substrate, but the manufacture method of adding anti-harmful microbial inoculum in the matrix is given in research, but the precondition that this method must satisfy is that harmful bacterium is had lethal action, harmless to the propagation of mushroom fungus.
As the method that can address this problem, known have a disclosed technology in public 95-45145 number of the Korean laid, this technology is to form the anti-bacteria composition that is harmful to mix elvan (elvan) and calcium carbonate in the ash after the rice bran burning after, but this method is because of obtaining the ash that the rice bran burning forms in the manufacture process, additional facility must be arranged, the problem that exists is that because of using the elvan and the calcium carbonate of high price, the cost of planting the bacterium cultivation raises.
For this reason, be added with in the culture matrix of require making harmful bacterium is had lethal action and the anti-harmful microbial inoculum harmless to mushroom fungus.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is for solving the problems of the technologies described above, purpose provides such Mushroom planting substrate, a small amount of additive of forming with carbon by as the tobacco powder of sterilization component, the eggshell that contains high calcium and neutralization that adds in conventional Mushroom planting substrate, in the manufacture process of matrix, because of having reduced the thermal treatment to the culture matrix raw material, the energy of avoiding waste is particularly under the situation without rice bran, because of heat-treating the energy simplified manufacturing technique; Do not handle because of not carrying out pasteurization, can not cause the problem that nutrient destroys; The eggshell that adds is supplied with calcium, in the carbon and matrix, can cultivate good mushroom fungus.
Mushroom planting substrate of the present invention also adds tobacco powder, high calcium eggshell and neutralization carbon that killing fungus is used, when mushroom is cultivated in the conventional substrate raw material, tobacco powder kills matrix and plants in the bacterium and causes rotten mould, eggshell is supplied with abundant calcium, in the carbon and matrix, can produce good mushroom.
At this, the cooperation ratio of mixing corn stalk, sawdust and rice bran in the conventional substrate raw material is 96-98 weight %, is 2-4 weight % as the cooperation ratio of tobacco powder, eggshell and the carbon of additive.
The mixed material of this cooperation with 100 ℃ of wet sterilizations 1 hour, is removed the bacterium that hinders mushroom growth in manufacture process, rice bran is heat-treated.
In addition, aforementioned conventional substrate raw material also can be mixed by corn stalk, sawdust, sugarcane and cottonseed without rice bran.To this matrix that does not have mixing rice bran, do not need thermal treatment.In addition, when bacterium is planted in tobacco powder performance sterilizing function in the additive and cultivation, do not produce mould.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention is characterized in, in the conventional cultivation raw material of 96-98 weight %, be mixed with the additive of 2-4 weight %, described conventional cultivation raw material is mixed by corn stalk, sawdust and rice bran, described additive is mixed with carbon with tobacco powder, high calcium eggshell and neutralization by sterilization, the culturing raw material of this mixing and this additive are carried out sterilization treatment, form this cultivation matrix.
Below, be described in more detail the present invention.
The weight rate of the conventional substrate raw material that is mixed by corn stalk, sawdust and rice bran and the additive composition that constitute, aforementioned mushroom medium that is mixed with carbon with tobacco powder, high calcium eggshell and neutralization by killing fungus is preferably according to regulating as the mushroom kind and the cultivation condition of cultivating object.
The corn stalk that constitutes the culture matrix raw material is the corn stem of removing behind the corn fruit, contains the essential nutrient component of mushroom growth, and the trickle shape that is cut into the following size of 0.5cm uses, and guarantees the space, to supply with the inner oxygen of matrix.
Sawdust does not contain harmful substances such as phenol, resinous principle, uses as stock, and be that the particle of 1-3mm constitutes by size, the same with aforementioned corn stalk, keep certain space, provide oxygen to matrix inside.
Rice bran is diversified, and contains a large amount of abundant nutrients, is main nutrition supply source, is used as main material with aforementioned corn stalk and sawdust.
The tobacco powder that adds in the base starting material of aforementioned formation is well-known, contains with DDT that is used for the insecticide raw material headed by tar, the nicotine etc.Known this composition makes the mould can not be spontaneous, thereby bactericidal action is arranged, but owing to exist in the cigarette of these compositions when being smoking, and is harmful especially to the smoker, owing to can suck body interior immediately during smoking, more will emphasize its harmfulness.
But when tobacco powder did not burn, because of being the tobacco leaf shape, though toxic, it was inappreciable that its harmfulness degree is compared during with burning.
All insecticides or bactericide and anti-harmful these forms of microbial inoculum are all toxic, and aforementioned tobacco powder also is one of them, can use harmless dosage and come cultured mushroom.
Aforementioned eggshell is that collagen required during by calcium carbonate that contains a large amount of calcium and cultured cell etc. constitutes, and provides calcium to mushroom fungus, plays to promote the effect of cultivating.
Aforementioned carbon is made of 85% carbon, 10% moisture, 4% mineral matter, 2% volatile matter.
This carbon inside is formed with a plurality of holes, has the function of removing harmful bacterium and stink, and this hole can become the space that microorganism lives.In addition, known this carbon self produces anion, makes oxygen abundant, supplies with mushroom growth.Sneak into anionic water in the matrix and can make the water activation with the form neutralization of constant acidity, constant alkalescence.
Though this carbon was also having a small amount of interpolation to use in the matrix, and was many as additive among the present invention in the past.
Mushroom planting substrate of the present invention is that the manufacture process behind the interpolation additive begins from the conventional substrate raw material, mixing energy provides the water of moisture to mushroom fungus, this mixed material was handled 1 hour with about 100 ℃ of steam heats, can make the hydrogen peroxide enzyme denaturation in sawdust and the rice bran, remove catalatic activity, prevent that rice bran and sawdust from producing high heat.
The aforementioned hot processing method is compared with previous methods, and heat treatment temperature is low to 100 ℃, and heat treatment time is also short, can reduce energy dissipation significantly.Because of this heat treated temperature is lower than in the past the temperature of handling, the nutrient that can not destroy in the rice bran basically to be contained etc. can be supplied with the mushroom fungus sufficient nutrition; The results interval of mushroom, was than in the past the about 10-12 of shortening days.
The mixed material after thermal treatment cooling 12-24 hour, finish the preparation of matrix, give this matrix inoculation kind of bacterium, in culturing room, keep 14-18 ℃ temperature and cultivate after about 22-24 days, the aforementioned kind bacterium of being cultivated is separated after, in growth room's growth, results are pestered.
Mushroom planting substrate of the present invention, in the conventional cultivation raw material of 96-98 weight %, mix the additive of 2-4 weight % and constitute, described conventional cultivation raw material is mixed by corn stalk, sawdust and rice bran, and described additive is mixed with carbon with tobacco powder, high calcium eggshell and neutralization by sterilization.
At this, the component ratio of aforementioned additive is tobacco powder 1.2-1.6 weight %, eggshell 0.6-1 weight %, carbon 0.6-1 weight %; Component ratio is preferably, tobacco powder 1.4 weight %, eggshell 0.8 weight %, carbon 0.8 weight %.
Because aforementioned tobacco powder contains the sterilization component identical with other bactericide, when content surpasses 1.6 weight %, can suppress kind of bacterium and cultivate; During less than 1.2%, sterilization effects is reduced.
Embodiment
Below, the preferred embodiment of Mushroom planting substrate of the present invention is described.
Embodiment 1
Mushroom planting substrate of the present invention utilizes mixer to mix the additive of 2-4 weight % in the conventional cultivation raw material of 96-98 weight %, and described additive is mixed with carbon with tobacco powder, high calcium eggshell and neutralization by sterilization.
At this, aforementioned conventional cultivation raw material uses corn stalk 380kg, sawdust 480kg and rice bran 500kg in experiment, it is converted into the words of weight %, be respectively corn stalk 28 weight %, sawdust 35 weight %, rice bran 37 weight %, when this base starting material is mixed with aforementioned additive, use 96-98 weight %.
Mix aforementioned additive 2-4 weight % in the culture matrix raw material of aforementioned 96-98 weight %, this component ratio is tobacco powder 1.2-1.6 weight %, eggshell 0.6-1 weight %, carbon 0.6-1 weight %.
Like this, the mixed material that base starting material and additive are mixed in steam unit with about 100 ℃ wet sterilization about about 1 hour makes the hydrogen peroxide enzyme denaturation in sawdust and the rice bran, and when mix moisture, sawdust and rice bran can not produce high hot.
Subsequently, the matrix of aforementioned manufacturing packed into to be had in the bottle of 850CC capacity, and the inoculation mushroom fungus clogs the inlet that forms air flue with stopper.After again the bottle of having inoculated mushroom fungus being cultivated about 22-24 days in 14-18 ℃ culturing room, become in originally dark brown matrix and to finish cultivation when faint yellow.At this moment can not produce mould in mushroom fungus of being cultivated and the matrix.The former bacterium of cultivating on aforementioned matrix is separated, growth back results in the growth room, results verification has about 98% to grow up to mushroom fruitbody.
This cultivation results and the incubation time that uses matrix in the past need about 32-35 days the result compare, can shorten about 10-12 days.This reason that the time is shortened may be that the heat treated temperature of matrix is low, the time shortening, can not destroy contained nutrient in each composition that constitutes matrix, the nutrient of this nutrient and additive can fully be supplied with the former bacterium of mushroom, promotes to cultivate, in addition, the tobacco powder in the additive can prevent the mould generation.
After the cultivation, the kind bacterium of cultivating with matrix is separated, after the growth, gather in the crops in the growth room, results verification has about 98% all to grow up to mushroom fruitbody.
Embodiment 2
In the following embodiments, Mushroom planting substrate is that the additive that utilizes mixer to mix 2-4 weight % in the conventional cultivation raw material of the 96-98 weight % that does not contain rice bran forms, and described additive is mixed with carbon with tobacco powder, high calcium eggshell and neutralization by sterilization.
At this, aforementioned conventional substrate raw material uses corn stalk 380kg, sawdust 480kg, sugarcane 250kg and cottonseed 250kg in experiment, it is converted into the words of weight %, be respectively corn stalk 28 weight %, sawdust 35 weight %, sugarcane 18.5 weight % and cottonseed 18.5 weight %, when this base starting material is mixed with aforementioned additive, use 96-98 weight %.
Mix aforementioned additive 2-4 weight % in having got rid of embodiment 1 in the base starting material of the aforementioned 96-98 weight % of used rice bran, this component ratio is tobacco powder 1.2-1.6 weight %, eggshell 0.6-1 weight %, carbon 0.6-1 weight %.
Like this, the mixed material that base starting material and additive mix does not have mixing rice bran, because tobacco powder can fully be killed the harmful bacterium that hinders the mushroom fungus growth, therefore mixed-matrix is not carried out other sterilization processing.
Subsequently, under following three conditions, cultivate mushroom fungus.
The first, the matrix of aforementioned manufacturing pack into 850CC the bottle in the inoculation mushroom fungus after, in 22-25 ℃ culturing room the bottle in the cultivation 20-22 days.
The second, the matrix of aforementioned manufacturing is packed size into for after inoculating mushroom fungus in the vessel of 50cm * 50cm, and cover lid carries out vessel and cultivates under uniform temp.
The 3rd, the matrix of aforementioned manufacturing is broadcasted sowing after on the plate that the vinyl film is housed, the inoculation mushroom fungus is being cultivated under same temperature onboard.
In these incubation,, can not produce mould even in mushroom fungus and matrix, have only the sterilizing power of tobacco powder yet, the kind bacterium of cultivating with aforementioned matrix is separated, in the growth room, after the growth, gather in the crops, results verification is identical with embodiment 1, has about 98% all to grow up to mushroom fruitbody approximately.
According to above explanation, the present invention has following effect.
Use contains the matrix that is mixed with additive in the conventional substrate of rice bran, can carry out under than lower in the past temperature because of thermal treatment, can reduce heat treatment period and expense, thereby can reduce the matrix manufacturing time.
In addition, use the matrix that is mixed with additive in the conventional substrate that does not contain rice bran, because of not heat-treating, can not adorn and be used for heat treated annealing device and cooling device, the expense of equipment is reduced, and can save Technology for Heating Processing, can shorten mushroom and produce more than 10 day, yield rate can be improved, and energy consumption can be prevented.
In addition, the tobacco powder that uses is mixed into matrix in the mode of additive, in the mushroom incubation, this tobacco powder can be killed the mould of outside invasion, improves the mushroom productive rate.
More than although understand the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but be not limited to aforementioned form of implementation, according to technological thought of the present invention various distortion or variation can be arranged.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of Mushroom planting substrate, it is characterized in that, in the conventional cultivation raw material of 96-98 weight %, be mixed with the additive of 2-4 weight %, described conventional cultivation raw material is mixed by corn stalk, sawdust and rice bran, described additive is mixed with carbon with tobacco powder, high calcium eggshell and neutralization by killing fungus, and the culturing raw material of this mixing and additive are carried out sterilization treatment.
2, Mushroom planting substrate according to claim 1 is characterized in that, mixes with the ratio of tobacco powder 1.2-1.6 weight %, eggshell 0.6-1 weight %, carbon 0.6-1 weight %.
3, mushroom according to claim 1 is carried training matrix, it is characterized in that, the sterilizing methods of aforementioned culturing raw material and additive is with 100 ℃ of steam sterilizings 1 hour.
4, a kind of Mushroom planting substrate, it is characterized in that, in the conventional cultivation raw material of 96-98 weight %, be mixed with the additive of 2-4 weight %, described conventional cultivation raw material is mixed by corn stalk, sawdust, sugarcane and cottonseed, and described additive is mixed with carbon with tobacco powder, high calcium eggshell and neutralization by killing fungus.
5, Mushroom planting substrate according to claim 4 is characterized in that, aforementioned additive is the carbon of the eggshell of the tobacco powder of 1.2-1.6 weight %, 0.6-1 weight %, 0.6-1 weight % to be mixed obtain.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR10-2002-0006993A KR100473143B1 (en) | 2002-02-07 | 2002-02-07 | A culture soil for growing a mushroom |
| KR6993/2002 | 2002-02-07 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1439245A true CN1439245A (en) | 2003-09-03 |
Family
ID=27785945
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN03102305A Pending CN1439245A (en) | 2002-02-07 | 2003-01-30 | Mushroom planting substrate |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2003235348A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100473143B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1439245A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100364379C (en) * | 2004-08-27 | 2008-01-30 | 李德高 | Edible fungus wood slag mother seed and its making method |
| CN101627699A (en) * | 2009-08-04 | 2010-01-20 | 郑州大学 | Method for planting edible fungi and producing artificial grass peat by using cabo |
| CN109983987A (en) * | 2019-03-31 | 2019-07-09 | 贵州省贵福菌业发展有限公司 | A kind of edible fungus culturing base and its preparation method containing tobacco waste |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20030005102A (en) * | 2002-11-26 | 2003-01-15 | 농업회사법인 하나바이오텍(주) | The making method of mushroom spawn by burned shell and cultivating method of mushroom of high calcium |
| CN103168618A (en) * | 2013-02-26 | 2013-06-26 | 河源市东江一品农业科技发展有限公司 | Lucid ganoderma product rich in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and production method thereof |
| CN103553824B (en) * | 2013-11-10 | 2015-06-17 | 邬方成 | Method for preparing mushroom cultivation material from sugarcane leaf blades and sugarcane leaf tips |
| KR101629206B1 (en) | 2015-06-09 | 2016-06-10 | 농업회사법인(주)티엠파트너스 | Termitomyces culture medium |
| KR102569061B1 (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2023-08-29 | (주)버섯왕농업회사법인 | Composition of shiitake growth medium |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR0173483B1 (en) * | 1993-01-08 | 1999-02-18 | 마사유끼 미즈노 | The media for cultivating the mushroom |
| KR100187548B1 (en) * | 1996-10-04 | 1999-06-01 | 김춘호 | The media composition and method for cultivating mushroom |
| JP3652877B2 (en) * | 1998-04-20 | 2005-05-25 | 電気化学工業株式会社 | Mushroom artificial culture medium and mushroom artificial cultivation method using the same |
| KR100324544B1 (en) * | 1999-10-27 | 2002-02-16 | 정 남궁 | a method of growing mushroom |
| KR100429510B1 (en) * | 2001-05-16 | 2004-05-03 | 최경환 | A medium composition of flammulina velutipes containing hardwood-charcoal |
| KR101037440B1 (en) * | 2009-04-03 | 2011-05-30 | 최윤섭 | Shirts press |
-
2002
- 2002-02-07 KR KR10-2002-0006993A patent/KR100473143B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2003
- 2003-01-30 CN CN03102305A patent/CN1439245A/en active Pending
- 2003-02-05 JP JP2003028636A patent/JP2003235348A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100364379C (en) * | 2004-08-27 | 2008-01-30 | 李德高 | Edible fungus wood slag mother seed and its making method |
| CN101627699A (en) * | 2009-08-04 | 2010-01-20 | 郑州大学 | Method for planting edible fungi and producing artificial grass peat by using cabo |
| CN101627699B (en) * | 2009-08-04 | 2013-09-25 | 郑州大学 | Method for planting edible fungi and producing artificial grass peat by using cabo |
| CN109983987A (en) * | 2019-03-31 | 2019-07-09 | 贵州省贵福菌业发展有限公司 | A kind of edible fungus culturing base and its preparation method containing tobacco waste |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2003235348A (en) | 2003-08-26 |
| KR100473143B1 (en) | 2005-03-08 |
| KR20030067131A (en) | 2003-08-14 |
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