CN1429131A - 用活性炭进行微过滤 - Google Patents
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- CN1429131A CN1429131A CN01809691A CN01809691A CN1429131A CN 1429131 A CN1429131 A CN 1429131A CN 01809691 A CN01809691 A CN 01809691A CN 01809691 A CN01809691 A CN 01809691A CN 1429131 A CN1429131 A CN 1429131A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23J—PROTEIN COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS; WORKING-UP PROTEINS FOR FOODSTUFFS; PHOSPHATIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS
- A23J1/00—Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites
- A23J1/008—Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites from microorganisms
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/001—Processes specially adapted for distillation or rectification of fermented solutions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
- B01D61/147—Microfiltration
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
- B01D61/16—Feed pretreatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K1/00—General methods for the preparation of peptides, i.e. processes for the organic chemical preparation of peptides or proteins of any length
- C07K1/14—Extraction; Separation; Purification
- C07K1/34—Extraction; Separation; Purification by filtration, ultrafiltration or reverse osmosis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2311/00—Details relating to membrane separation process operations and control
- B01D2311/04—Specific process operations in the feed stream; Feed pretreatment
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
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Abstract
一种发酵产物的微过滤法,它包括在微过滤操作之前或之中在微过滤的温度25℃~65℃下往发酵产物的溶液中加入活性炭。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及在过滤发酵产物时提高加工能力的方法。
背景技术
最近几年,微过滤已经成为众多研究与发展的目标。在硬件及滤膜方面的发展被瞄定了,但是,在回收发酵生物分子方面仍有两个问题限制着微过滤的应用。低透过量及通常也低的透过率是影响成功的因素。一般说来,可以基于微过滤为生产这类产物开发出一种方法,但是在很多情况下,这种方法不能与传统的固液分离法如离心法或转鼓真空过滤进行竞争。在为了保持高透过率和高透过量而需要将脏东西频繁进行现场清洗的大规模连续方法的场合,这种情况尤其如此。
特别在生物技术工业中,在发酵培养物的微过滤中产生堵塞,已变成几乎不可解决的问题。这是由于这样一种事实:发酵培养物除了含有令人感兴趣的产物外,还含有众多杂质例如别的分子内和分子外新陈代谢产物、溶解的细胞、基质组份、核酸、去泡剂等等。
因此,很多目标已经瞄准在开发亲水膜方面,瞄准在采用如反洗/反冲工艺和降低机械剪切力技术的改进微过滤硬件方面,作为更成功的开发。
在操作方面,瞄准对横跨膜压力的精确控制以及对最大透过流量的控制,因为这些参数对减少膜的堵塞也是重要的。此外,操作温度和pH的最优化也被证明对改进微过滤操作是重要参数。
然而,在滤膜,硬件及操作参数方面,尽管多年来已取得很多进展,但是为了开发成功的微过滤法堵塞问题在今天仍被认为是需予以解决的一个最大问题。对于源自发酵培养物的产物的微过滤来说,尤其如此。
因此,本发明的目的是在发酵产物的微过滤中使堵塞减至最少。
本发明的概述
意想不到地发现,当微过滤发酵产物时,活性炭及高的温度能提高加工能力。
因此,本发明提供:
一种发酵产物的微过滤方法,此方法包括在微过滤操作之前或之中在微过滤温度25℃至65℃下往发酵产物溶液中加入活性炭。
本发明的详细说明
本发明探讨在发酵产物微过滤方法中的一种新的和意想不到效果的减少堵塞的方法。
业已惊人地发现,在微过滤加工中,当在微过滤操作之前或之中加入活性炭,能有效地将堵塞减至最少。
也已发现,在加入活性炭及利用高温加工方法之间,存在协同作用。已发现因为炭导致的功能提高很适合于采用反洗/反冲的现代微过滤体系和采用机械导致剪切的体系。
关于在微过滤中使用活性炭,从废水处理及从酪蛋白水解物的生产中已经知悉,在这两种情况下,为了改善产物质量,使用活性炭来除去可溶性杂质(WO93/08702)。
但是,在生物技术领域,尚未发现在微过滤加工中为减少堵塞的目的而使用活性炭。
为了提高微过滤功能而加入活性炭的另一优点是,在许多情况下,所加的炭与会影响随后浓缩的不需要的杂质相结合,否则的话,为了获得可接受的产物质量,需增加提纯工序,以除去这些杂质。
根据本发明,任何令人感兴趣的发酵产物可以如这里所述进行微过滤。特别是本发明的方法能用于提纯蛋白质。
在一种优选实施方案中,此方法用于酶,特别是用于水解酶(根据酶命名法,属于EC3类;国际生化联盟命名委员会建议)。
在特别优选的实施方案中,下列水解酶是优选的:
蛋白酶:适用的蛋白酶包括源自细菌或霉菌的那些蛋白酶。也包括化学改性的突变种或蛋白质工程的突变株。这些蛋白酶可以是丝氨酸蛋白酶或金属蛋白酶,优选碱性微生物蛋白酶或者胰蛋白酶类蛋白酶。碱性蛋白酶的例子是枯草溶菌素,特别是衍生自芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)的那些,例如枯草溶菌素Novo,枯草溶菌素Carlsberg,枯草溶菌素309,枯草溶菌素147和枯草溶菌素168(WO89/06279中所述的)。胰蛋白酶类蛋白酶的例子是胰蛋白酶(例如源自猪和牛的那些)以及在WO89/06270及WO94/25583中所述的镰菌素(Fusarium)蛋白酶。
适用的蛋白酶例子是WO92/19729,WO98/20115,WO98/20116及WO98/34946中描述的变种。特别是在下列位置27,36,57,76,87,97,101,104,120,123,167,170,194,206,218,222,224,235及274中的一个或多个进行了取代的变种。
优选的商业提供的蛋白酶包括:AlcalaseTM,SavinaseTM,PrimaseTM,DuralaseTM,EsperaseTM,和KannaseTM(Novozymes A/S),MaxataseTM,MaxacalTM,MaxapemTM,ProperaseTM,PurafectTM,Purafect OxPTM,FN2TM及FN3TM(Genencor International Inc.)。
脂肪酶:适用的脂肪酶包括源自细菌或霉菌的那些。包括化学改性的或蛋白质工程的突变株。适用的脂肪酶的例子包括来自腐质霉属(Humicola)(同义词Thermomyces)的脂肪酶,例如来自在EP258068及EP305216中所描述的H.lanuginosa(T.lanuginosus),或来自在WO96/13580中描述的H.insolens;假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)脂肪酶,例如来自产碱假单胞菌(P.alcaligenes)或单产碱假单胞菌(P.pseudoalcaligenes)(EP 218 272),葱头假单胞菌(P.cepacia)(EP331 376),司徒茨氏假单胞菌(P.stutzeri)(GB1,372,034),荧光假单胞菌(P.fluorescens),假单胞菌属菌株SD705(WO95/06720和WO96/27002),P.wisconsinensis(WO96/12012)的那些;芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)脂肪酶,例如来自枯草芽孢杆菌(B.subtilis)(Dartois等人,(1993),Biochemica et Biophysica Acta,1131,253-360),嗜热脂肪芽孢杆菌(B.stearothermophilus)(JP64/744992)或短小芽孢杆菌(B.pumilus)(WO91/16422)的那些。
其他例子是脂肪酶变种,例如在WO92/05249,WO94/01541,EP407225,EP260105,WO95/35381,WO96/00292,WO95/30744,WO94/25578,WO95/14783,WO95/22615,WO97/04079和WO97/07202中描述的那些。
优选的商业供应的脂肪酶包括LipolaseTM和LipolaseUltraTM(Novozymes A/S)。
淀粉酶:合适的淀粉酶(α和/或β)包括源自细菌或霉菌的淀粉酶。包括化学改性的或蛋白质工程的突变株。淀粉酶包括例如得自芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)的α-淀粉酶,如在GB1296839中更详细描述的地衣形芽孢杆菌(B.licheniformis)的特别菌株。
有用的脂肪酶的例子是在WO94/02597,WO94/18314,WO96/23873及WO97/43424中描述的变种,特别是在下列位置15,23,105,106,124,128,133,154,156,181,188,190,197,202,208,209,243,264,304,305,391,408,444中的一个或多个进行了取代的变种。
商业供应的淀粉酶是DuramylTM,TermamylTM,FungamylTM和BANTM(Novozymes A/S),RapidaseTM和PurastarTM(得自Genencor InternationalInc.)。
纤维素酶:适用的纤维素酶包括源自细菌和霉菌的那些。包括化学改性的或蛋白质工程突变株。适用的纤维素酶包括来自芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus),假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas),腐质霉属(Humicola),镰孢属(Fusarium),草根霉属(Thielavia),支顶孢属属(Acremonium)的纤维素酶,例如在US4,435,307,US,5,648,263,US5,691,178,US5,776,757及WO89/09259中描述的产自insolens腐质霉(Humicola),嗜热毁丝霉(Myceliophthora thermophila)及尖孢镰孢(Fusarium oxysporum)的霉菌纤维素酶。
特别适用的纤维素酶是具有颜色好处的碱性或中性纤维素酶。这类纤维素酶的例子是在EP0 495 257,EP0 531 372,WO96/11262,WO96/29397,WO98/08940中描述的纤维素酶。其他例子是纤维素酶变种,例如在WO94/07998,EP0 531 315,US5,457,046,US5,686,593,US5,763,254,WO95/24471,WO98/12307及PCT/DK98/00299中描述的那些。
商业供应的纤维素酶包括CelluzymeTM,及CarezymeTM(NovozymesA/S),ClazinaseTM及Puradax HATM(Genencor International Inc.),以及KAD-500(B)TM(Kao Corporation)。
氧化还原酶:根据本发明可被处理的氧化还原酶包括过氧化物酶及氧化酶如漆酶。
过氧化物酶:显示氧化还原酶活性的酶可以是任何由酶分类(EC1.11.1.7)所包括的或由其衍生的任何片段并显示过氧化物酶活性的过氧化物酶。
本发明方法中优选使用的氧化还原酶是可由微生物如霉菌或细菌生产的。一些优选的霉菌包括属于半知菌亚门(Deuteromycotina),丝孢纲(Hyphomycetes)的菌株,例如镰孢属(Fusarium),腐质霉属(Humicola),木霉属(Tricoderma),漆斑菌属(Myrothecium),轮枝孢属(Verticillum),Arthromyces,卡尔黑霉属(Caldariomyces),Ulocladium,Embellisia,枝孢属(Cladosporium)或Dreschlera,特别是尖孢镰孢(Fusarium oxysporum)(DSM2672),insolens腐质霉(Humicola),resii木霉(Trichoderma),疣孢漆斑菌(Myrothecium verrucana)(IFO6113),棉黄萎轮枝孢(Verticillum alboatrum),大丽花轮枝孢(Verticillum dahlie),Arthromyces ramosus(FERM P-7754),烟色卡尔黑霉(Caldariomyces fumage),Ulocladium chartarum,Embellisia alli或Dreschlera halodes。
其他优选的霉菌包括属于担子菌亚门(Basidiomycotina),担子菌纲(Basidiomycetes)的菌株,例如鬼伞属(Coprinus),展齿草菌属(Phanerochaete),草盖菌属(Coriolus)或栓菌属(Trametes)。特别是灰盖鬼伞(Coprinus cinereus)小孢子菌(microsporus)(IFD8371),长根鬼伞(coprinusmacrorhizus),金孢子展齿草菌(Phanerochaete chrysosporium)(例如NA-12)或栓菌属(Trametes)(先前称多孔菌属(Polyporus)),例如T.versicolor(例如PR428-A)。
其他优选的霉菌包括属于接合菌亚门(Zygomycotina),毛霉纲(Mycoraceae)的菌株,例如根霉属(Rhizopus)或毛霉菌(Mucor),特别是冻土毛霉(Mucor hiemalis)。
一些优选的细菌包括放射菌目(Acti-nomycetales)的菌株,例如链霉菌属(Streptomyces spheroides)(ATTC23965),嗜热链霉菌(Streptomycesthermoviolaceus)(IFO12382)或轮枝孢链轮丝菌(StreptoverticillumVerticillium)。
其他优选的细菌包括短小芽孢杆菌(Bacillus pumilus)(ATCC 12905),嗜热脂肪芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus stearothermophilus),类球红细菌(Rhodobactersphaeroides),Rhodomonas palustri,乳链球菌(Streptococcus lactis),purrocinia假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)(ATCC15958)或荧光假单胞菌(Pseudomonasfluorescens)(NRRL B-11)。
其他优选的细菌包括属于粘球菌属(Myxococcus)的菌株,例如变录粘球菌(M.virescens)。
特别是,重组生成的过氧化物酶是优选的,例如衍生自鬼伞属菌株(Coprinus sp.)的过氧化物酶,特别是根据WO92/16634中的长根鬼伞(C.macrorhizus)或灰盖鬼伞(C.cinereus),或其变种,例如在WO93/24618及WO95/10602中描述的变种。
漆酶及与漆酶有关的酶:
在本发明的文本中,漆酶及与漆酶有关的酶意指任何由酶分类(EC1.10.3.2)所包括的漆酶,任何由酶分类(EC1.10.3.1)所包括的儿茶酚氧化酶,任何由酶分类(EC1.3.3.5)所包括的胆红素氧化酶,或任何由酶分类(EC1.14.18.1)所包括的单酚单加氧酶。
此微生物的漆酶可以由细菌或霉菌(包括丝状的霉菌及酵母)衍生,其适用例子包括可衍生自曲霉属(Aspergillus),链孢霉属(Neurospora)的漆酶,例如粗糙链孢霉(N.crasssa),柄孢壳(Podospora),葡萄孢属(Botrytis),金钱菌属(Collybia),层孔菌属(Fomes),香菇属(Lentinus),灰侧耳菌属(Pleurotus),栓菌属(Trametes),例如T.villosa和杂色栓菌(T.versicolor),丝核菌属(Rhizoctonia),例如茄属丝核菌(R.solani),鬼伞属(Coprinus),例如褶纹鬼伞(C.plicatilis)和灰盖鬼伞(C.cinereus),小脆柄菇(Psatyrella),毁丝霉属(Myceliophthora),例如嗜热嗜热菌(M.thermophila),Schytalidium,多孔菌属(Polyporus),例如P.pinsitus,射脉菌属(Phlebia),例如辐射射脉菌(P.radita)(WO92/01046),或草盖菌属(Coriolus),例如毛草盖菌(C.hirsutus)(JP2-238885)的菌株的漆酶,特别是可由栓菌属(Trametes),毁丝霉属(Myceliophthora),Schytalidium或多孔菌属(Polyporus)获得的漆酶。
其他优选的水解酶是糖酶,转移酶,裂合酶,异构酶及连接酶。
本发明的方法可用于未处理的发酵培养物或已发酵的培养物,后者已首先进行了例如pH调整、温度调整、水稀释和/或一次或多次固/液分离处理如絮凝或离心分离。
根据本发明,微过滤方法指从固体如生物体或其他微粒状物中分离出可溶性产物的膜过滤方法。任何现有技术中公知的膜设备均可使用,但是,优选采用例如空心纤维、管式或板式和框式装置的膜技术的膜过滤法。这些膜可以使用多种材料例如聚砜(PS)或聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)来制造。优选的截止值取决于发酵产物的性能,但对2μm孔径来说,它是200KD这一范围。
根据本发明,活性炭指现有技术公知的任何活性炭;适用的活性炭类别可以是购自Elf Atochem North America的Acticarbon 4S#2228;购自American Norit Co.的Darco carbon KB-B;购自Pittsburgh Activated Carbon的粒状炭Calgon,或购自法国Pica的PicatifFGV 120。
根据本发明,活性炭的加入量优选为发酵培养物起始体积的0.05~2%(w/w),特别是炭加入量为发酵培养物起始体积的0.1~1%(w/w)。
根据本发明,微过滤方法优选在25℃~65℃的温度下进行;优选在30℃~60℃的温度,更优选在30℃~55℃的温度,特别优选在35℃~50℃的温度下进行。
如果需要pH调整,任何的酸和碱均可使用,但甲酸或乙酸优选用作酸,而氢氧化钠优选用作碱。最佳的pH通常是令人感兴趣的发酵产物最稳定时的pH与令人感兴趣的发酵产物的溶解度最大时的pH两者之间的值。
如果除了炭处理之外还加入铝产物(实施例3),则此微过滤方法还能进一步改进。可以在微过滤之前或之中往发酵培养物中加入铝产物。
根据本发明,可以使用任何可溶性铝化合物或它们的混合物,特别是Al2(SO4)3,NaAlO2,Na2Al2O4,K2Al2O4,Al(NO3)3,AlCl3,乙酸铝,甲酸铝,或羟基氯化铝聚合物(例如购自Boliden的EKOFLOCK)。
根据本发明,铝产物的加入量优选为发酵培养物起始体积的1.4×10-3~2.8×10-1(mol Al/w),特别是铝产物的加入量为发酵培养物起始体积的1.4×10-2~1.4×10-1(mol Al/w)。
如果除了炭处理之外还加入钙产物(见实施例4),则此微过滤方法还能进一步改进。可以在微过滤之前或之中加入钙产物。
根据本发明,可以加入任何可溶性钙化合物或它们的混合物,特别是CaSO4,Ca(OH)2或CaCl2。
根据本发明,钙产物的加入量优选为发酵培养物起始体积的1.6×10-2~4.9×10-1(mol Ca/w),特别是钙产物的加入量为发酵培养物起始体积的3.2×10-2~3.2×10-1(mol Ca/w)。
如果除了炭处理外还加入铝产物和钙产物,则此微过滤方法还能更改进。
应该指出,根据本发明的微过滤方法,可以是间歇法或连续法。
根据本发明所获得的发酵产物还可以用多种方法如超滤、蒸发、色谱、吸收和/或结晶法进行进一步提纯。
本发明再用下面的实施例进行解释,这些实施例不应被理解为对本发明保护范围的限制。
实施例1
试验:将例如按US3723250说明的150升发酵的Savinase培养物批样,稀释到225升,把pH调整到6.0,并将此溶液在3.7m2Pall Sep PS400VMF型滤膜上进行微过滤,横跨膜压为0.4巴,使用300升通滤水。
试验# | 加入的炭(Picatif FGV 120) | 操作温度 | 产率 | 通量 |
1 | 0% | 20℃ | 85% | 17l/m2*hr |
2 | 0.2% | 20℃ | 87% | 19l/m2*hr |
3 | 0% | 40℃ | 86% | 27l/m2*hr |
4 | 0.2% | 40℃ | 86% | 32l/m2*hr |
从上述实验可知,活性炭的加入对加工能力有巨大影响,此外,当加入炭并采用高温加工时,对加工能力似乎存在协同效应:
在20℃时,当加入0.2%活性炭时,透过量的增大为(19-17)/17×100%=12%;
在40℃时,当加入0.2%活性炭时,透过量的增大为(32-27)/27×100%=19%;
因为每一CIP之间的加工时间对方法的总经济性是特别重要的,而且因为堵塞问题在发酵产物的微过滤方面是一个特别问题,所以测量了炭对于避免长期堵塞的能力。
为进行这一研究,选择了一种Savinase的蛋白工程变种(Kannase),以与前述四种试验相同的方法进行发酵。在这种情况下,将2m3的发酵培养物稀释至3m3,将pH调整到6.0,加入4.0kg炭Picatif FGV 120。在30℃进行微过滤,并在实验过程中测量透过率(trasmission)和透过量。
结果:
透过率(开始): 95%
透过率(1hr): 95%
透过率(4hr): 95%
透过率(7hr-结束): 95%
透过量(开始): 22(l/m2*hr)
透过量(1hr): 23(l/m2*hr)
透过量(4hr): 24(l/m2*hr)
透过量(7hr-结束): 24(l/m
2
*hr)
从上面所给出的结果可以看出,在整个试验期间,透过率或膜透过量均未降低。
实施例2
Termamyl(淀粉酶)的试验
将按GB1296839所述发酵的体积为150kg的Termamyl培养物用水稀释至310升,一起加入0.300kg炭Picatif FGV 120及购自Nordisk Aluminat的6.9kg 45%(w/w)Na2Al2O4的溶液。把pH调至10.6,在45℃和60℃以连续方式进行微过滤。在1m2 PallSep PS 10 VMF型(0.45μm PTFE)滤膜和等于或小于0.4巴的TMP(横跨膜压)之下,将此溶液进行微过滤。如下面解释的计算平均透过性:
为了通过消除TMP的任何小差别而获得连续过滤实验之间的更好比较,已如下计算了平均透过性:
透过性=透过量/TMP(透过量=透过性×TMP)。透过性是堵塞量的度量,例如,透过性越高,则堵塞量越小,此预处理方法或过滤方法越好。
试验 | 加工温度 | 透过性L/(m2*hr*bar) |
1 | 45℃ | 138 |
2 | 60℃ | 157 |
实施例3
往Savinase培养物中加入铝酸钠的试验
把如上述发酵的Savinase培养物分成4份。将100%水连同0.2%炭(Picatif FGV 120)加至每一份中,并把pH调至5.2。往四份制备的溶液中的3份中,将购自Nordisk Aluminat的45%铝酸钠(Na2Al2O4)溶液,以比例为0.77%(w/w)、1.54%(w/w)及3.1%(w/w)加入。在1m2 PallSep PS 10 VMF型滤膜(0.45μm PTFE)上,在40℃及TMP等于或小于0.4巴之下,将此溶液进行连续式的微过滤。如上面解释的比较其平均透过性。
成分 | 溶液1(参考) | 溶液2(0.77%铝酸钠) | 溶液3(1.54%铝酸钠) | 溶液4(3.10%铝酸钠) |
培养物 | 140kg | 125kg | 90kg | 60kg |
水 | 140kg | 125kg | 90kg | 60kg |
炭 | 0.280kg | 0.250kg | 0.180kg | 0.120kg |
Na2Al2O4(45%)(或者以Al摩尔数表示) | - | 0.96kg(2.63mol) | 1.39kg(3.80mol) | 1.86kg(5.10mol) |
由试验所得的结果如下:
溶液 | 铝酸钠 | 透过性l/(m2*hr*bar) |
1 | 0.00% | 107 |
2 | 0.77% | 136 |
3 | 1.54% | 132 |
4 | 3.10% | 170 |
实施例4
往Savinase培养物中加入CaCl2的试验
把如上述发酵的Savinase培养物分成5份。将100%水连同0.2%炭(Picatif FGV 120)加至每一份中,并把pH调至5.2。往5份溶液中,将36%CaCl2溶液以比例为2.00%(w/w)、4.00%(w/w),6.0%(w/w),8.0%(w/w)及12%(w/w)加入。把这5份经氯化钙处理的溶液在1m2 PallSep PS 10 VMF型滤膜(0.45μm PTFE)上,在40℃及TMP等于或小于0.4巴之下,进行连续式的微过滤。如上面解释的比较其平均透过性。
成分 | 溶液A(2.00%CaCl2) | 溶液B(4.00%CaCl2) | 溶液C(6.00%CaCl2) | 溶液D(8.0%CaCl2) | 溶液E(12.0%CaCl2) |
培养物 | 150kg | 100kg | 50kg | 100kg | 57.5kg |
水 | 150kg | 100kg | 50kg | 100kg | 57.5kg |
炭 | 0.300kg | 0.200kg | 0.100kg | 0.200kg | 0.116kg |
CaCl2(36%)(或者以Ca摩尔数表示) | 3.00kg(9.73mol) | 4.00kg(12.97mol) | 3.00kg(9.73mol) | 8.00kg(25.95mol) | 6.90kg(22.46mol) |
试验结果如下:
溶液 | CaCl2(36%) | 透过性l/(m2*hr*bar) |
A | 2.00% | 183 |
B | 4.00% | 202 |
C | 6.00% | 229 |
D | 8.00% | 220 |
E | 12.00% | 215 |
Claims (15)
1.一种发酵产物的微过滤方法,它包括在微过滤操作之前或之中在微过滤温度25℃~65℃下往发酵产物的溶液中加入活性炭。
2.根据权利要求1的方法,其中发酵产物是蛋白质。
3.根据权利要求2的方法,其中蛋白质是酶。
4.根据权利要求3的方法,其中酶是蛋白酶、淀粉酶或纤维素酶。
5.根据权利要求1的方法,其中微过滤的温度是30℃~60℃。
6.根据权利要求1的方法,其中微过滤的温度是30℃~55℃。
7.根据权利要求1的方法,其中微过滤的温度是35℃~50℃。
8.根据权利要求1~7任一项的方法,其中活性炭的加入量为发酵培养物起始体积的0.05-2%(w/w)。
9.根据权利要求7的方法,其中活性炭的加入量为发酵培养物起始体积的0.1~1%(w/w)。
10.根据权利要求1的方法,其中在微过滤操作之前或之中往溶液中还加入铝产物。
11.根据权利要求10的方法,其中铝产物的加入量为发酵培养物起始体积的1.4×10-3~2.8×10-1(mol Al/w)。
12.根据权利要求1的方法,其中在微过滤操作之前或之中往溶液中还加入钙产物。
13.根据权利要求12的方法,其中钙产物的加入量为发酵培养物起始体积的1.6×10-2~4.9×10-1(mol Ca/w)。
14.根据权利要求1的方法,其中在微过滤操作之前或之中往溶液中还加入铝产物和钙产物。
15.根据权利要求1的方法,其中此微过滤方法为间歇法或连续法。
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CN104548942A (zh) * | 2013-10-11 | 2015-04-29 | 天津得瑞丰凯新材料科技有限公司 | 一种使用纳米多孔碳气凝胶进行发酵产物过滤的方法 |
CN104814244A (zh) * | 2015-05-18 | 2015-08-05 | 青岛海之星生物科技有限公司 | 一种高纯度甘薯蛋白的提取方法 |
CN108367245A (zh) * | 2015-12-09 | 2018-08-03 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 在解吸条件下从发酵固体纯化蛋白质的方法 |
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US20040126853A1 (en) * | 2002-06-20 | 2004-07-01 | Novozymes A/S | Flocculation with divalent salt |
US7229554B2 (en) | 2002-09-25 | 2007-06-12 | Novo Nordisk A/S | Purification process comprising microfiltration at elevated temperatures |
EP1546187B1 (en) * | 2002-09-25 | 2008-06-04 | Novo Nordisk A/S | Purification process comprising microfiltration at elevated temperatures |
CA2421829C (en) * | 2003-03-13 | 2014-05-27 | Bradley A. Saville | Enhancement of enzyme activity through purification and immobilization |
CA2421832C (en) * | 2003-03-13 | 2006-10-10 | Bradley A. Saville | Enhancement of enzyme activity by selective purification |
DK2007506T3 (da) | 2006-03-31 | 2014-06-16 | Danisco Us Inc | Tangentialstrømningsfiltreringsapparater, -systemer og -fremgangsmådertil separering af forbindelser |
WO2008110498A1 (en) | 2007-03-15 | 2008-09-18 | Novozymes A/S | Solubilization of protease crystals in fermentation broth |
US8349591B2 (en) * | 2008-10-16 | 2013-01-08 | Scientek Llc | Method and apparatus for producing alcohol or sugar using a commercial-scale bioreactor |
US8993294B2 (en) | 2009-08-10 | 2015-03-31 | Danisco Us Inc. | Cross-flow membrane filtration-based process for protein recovery |
CN103131618A (zh) * | 2013-03-09 | 2013-06-05 | 古贝春集团有限公司 | 酱香型白酒处理方法 |
SG11202106234SA (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2021-07-29 | Basf Se | Method for separating biomass from a solution comprising biomass and at least one oligosaccaride |
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JPS57206378A (en) * | 1981-06-12 | 1982-12-17 | Kuraray Co Ltd | Filtering method of sake |
DE3423594A1 (de) * | 1984-06-27 | 1986-01-02 | Akzo Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal | Weinklaerung mittels crossflow-filtration |
US4610792A (en) * | 1985-01-14 | 1986-09-09 | Memtek Corporation | Membrane filtration process |
US4886889A (en) * | 1986-05-16 | 1989-12-12 | Henkel Corporation | Process for recovery of an amino acid from aqueous mixtures thereof |
CH676076A5 (zh) * | 1987-06-29 | 1990-12-14 | Bucher Guyer Ag Masch | |
JPH0829316B2 (ja) * | 1987-10-16 | 1996-03-27 | 田辺製薬株式会社 | パイロジェンの除去方法 |
US5262053A (en) * | 1988-07-15 | 1993-11-16 | Filtrox-Werk Ag | Filtration process, use of stabilizers installation for a filtration process, and procedure for operating said installation |
CH681768A5 (zh) * | 1990-07-06 | 1993-05-28 | Bucher Guyer Ag Masch | |
JPH0630605B2 (ja) * | 1990-10-23 | 1994-04-27 | チッソ株式会社 | ヒアルロン酸ナトリウム水溶液の製造法 |
US5486461A (en) * | 1991-11-08 | 1996-01-23 | Novo Nordisk A/S | Casein hydrolyzate and method for production of such casein hydrolyzate |
DE4234392A1 (de) * | 1992-10-08 | 1994-04-14 | Gerolf Dr Annemueller | Verfahren zur Gewinnung von Malzenzymen und deren Einsatz bei der Bierherstellung |
DK83093D0 (da) * | 1993-07-09 | 1993-07-09 | Novo Nordisk As | Fremgangsmaade |
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CN104548942A (zh) * | 2013-10-11 | 2015-04-29 | 天津得瑞丰凯新材料科技有限公司 | 一种使用纳米多孔碳气凝胶进行发酵产物过滤的方法 |
CN104814244A (zh) * | 2015-05-18 | 2015-08-05 | 青岛海之星生物科技有限公司 | 一种高纯度甘薯蛋白的提取方法 |
CN108367245A (zh) * | 2015-12-09 | 2018-08-03 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 在解吸条件下从发酵固体纯化蛋白质的方法 |
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US6582606B2 (en) | 2003-06-24 |
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