CN1425873A - Plasma high temperature processing process and equipment for refuses - Google Patents
Plasma high temperature processing process and equipment for refuses Download PDFInfo
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- CN1425873A CN1425873A CN 01144116 CN01144116A CN1425873A CN 1425873 A CN1425873 A CN 1425873A CN 01144116 CN01144116 CN 01144116 CN 01144116 A CN01144116 A CN 01144116A CN 1425873 A CN1425873 A CN 1425873A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
- Y02E20/18—Integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC], e.g. combined with carbon capture and storage [CCS]
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Abstract
The present invention relates to high temperature refuse-processing plasma process and equipment. After the refuse is set inside one chamber, plasma beam is used to heat and decompose the refuse in inert gas environment. Compared with available technology, the present invention has high refuse decomposing rate, produces less CO2, and can reduce the secondary environmental pollution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of offal treatment technology and equipment, particularly a kind of technology and equipment that utilizes plasma technology high-temperature process discarded object.
Background technology
The processing method of discarded object has a variety of, and wherein optimal method is to recycle, and makes discarded object be converted into useful resources.But be not that all discarded objects can both be recycled to very economical, the cost of its resource of a large amount of discarded object (as danger wastes) is very high, even surpassing its value, such discarded object uses the method for landfill or burning to handle at present usually.
Discarded object behind the landfill (especially danger wastes) can be wasted land resources in a large number, and its escaping gas and the liquid that oozes out enter in atmosphere or the soil can form secondary pollution, remains unacceptable pollution sources.Therefore landfill is a kind of mitigation strategy of environmental pollution, rather than final solution.This burying method will make the human pollution problem to a large amount of landfill refuses in the several years back, thereby will cause taking further treatment measures.
The burning disposal refuse can solve the problem of environmental pollution of discarded object to a certain extent, but the chemical nature of burning is an oxidation reaction, and the carbon in the discarded object (especially organic waste) is oxidized to carbon dioxide and enters in the atmosphere.Carbon dioxide is a kind of generally acknowledged greenhouse gas, and it can cause the temperature rising of the earth and environment is produced other adverse effect.So burning disposal is actually the environmental disruption that a kind of pollution of form has been changed into another form, neither a kind of gratifying scheme, when especially hazardous waste being carried out burning disposal, often can not effectively destroy its harmful components, in addition burn and discharge process in may form two and dislike because of waiting and endanger bigger material.
In recent years, the high temperature (more than 3000 ℃) that many countries have proposed with plasma carries out waste disposal (being particularly useful for hazardous waste handles), and its treatment effect will obviously be better than burning, and is also more thorough to the destruction of harmful poisonous composition.
For example, U.S. Patent No.s such as Hans Kalt 5280757 have disclosed in the reactor using electric arc plasma torch technology with the gasification MSW, and the product of Sheng Chenging comprises the gas of mean quality and the slag with low toxicity element property separated out thus.
The U.S. Patent No. 4644877 of Ba Dun etc. relates to arc plasma torch destruction polychlorostyrene hexichol (PCBs) technology that adopts.Waste material is by arc plasma torch atomization and ionization, is cooled in reaction chamber then and is combined into gas and particle object.Bel's etc. U.S. Patent No. 4431612 has been discussed and has been adopted hollow graphite electrode transferred arc plasma furnace to the processing such as the hazardous waste of PCBs.
In the U.S. Patent No. 5284503 of other Teller, disclosed the process that lead-contaminated soil and refuse battery material are transformed, soil has formed the slag of ceramicization thus.The fuel gas and the potteryization lead that are produced by the refuse battery shell preferably are transported to conventional smelting furnace, make its fuel applications.
In people's such as Faldt U.S. Patent No. 4479443, disclose and used a kind of arc discharge plasma jet pipe to add the thermal decomposition wasteless technology.Be the downstream that the waste material of solid particle shape must be introduced electric arc, to avoid owing to jet pipe is stopped up in the adhesion of particle.For example oxidant of oxygen and air and so on and waste material, or before heating, or by jet pipe gas in heating process, or after heating, mix.For complete oxidation decomposes waste material, need abundant oxidant.
People's such as Barton U.S. Patent No. 4644877 discloses a kind of DC arc plasma burner that is used for waste material is carried out high temperature pyrolysis.A kind of organic liquid is used for ignition and stabilized plasma electric arc, and an annular electro field coil is used to collimate plasma, and a source of high pressure air is used to make the electric arc rotation.Take measures to supply with waste material, to prevent to disturb the formation or the generation of plasma arc in the downstream of electric arc.This patent instruction is not used the inert gas ignition or is kept plasma, and on this basis, this burner is only applicable to the application scenario of low temperature.Reative cell behind burner is used for gas is mixed mutually with particulate matter, and this particulate matter is by quenching, and is neutralized with alkaline fog-like liquid.A mechanical cleaning device is used for divided gas flow, and this gas is discharged with extraction fan.
People's such as Chang U.S. Patent No. 4886001 discloses a kind of improvement project to people's such as Barton said system.This improvement is to utilize water or methyl alcohol to replace the miscible mixture of butanone and methanol solution, and this mixture is used for mixing mutually with the waste material that comprises PCB before introducing direct current camber plasma torch, and uses pure oxygen to replace air as jet pipe gas.The purpose of these variations is to improve the speed of waste disposal.In addition, also introduce and use solid separator, it utilizes parital vacuum to separate carrier gas.
Existing plasma offal treatment technology has a common shortcoming, be that its processing procedure is carried out at antivacuum state, like this, processing procedure just inevitably has air to participate in, and airborne oxygen can generate carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide (finally further being oxidized to carbon dioxide) with oxidation of coal in the discarded object.As previously mentioned, the discharging meeting of carbon dioxide produces the destruction of another kind of form to environment, especially unacceptablely be, in emission gases because the existence of carbon is arranged, be two dislike because of formation (two dislike because of being to form under the condition of elements such as hydrogen, carbon, chlorine existence,) created condition, and two dislike because of being a kind of generally acknowledged material that human health is had serious harm.
The content of invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly the above-mentioned deficiency that overcomes prior art, and a kind of new offal treatment technology and equipment are provided, and further reduces environmental pollution.
Waste plasma high-temperature processing technology of the present invention comprise with pending discarded object place a body of heater chamber, form inert environments and discarded object added thermal decomposition at chamber with plasma beam.
Waste plasma high-temperature processing device of the present invention comprises body of heater and the plasma beam generator that is installed on the body of heater, described body of heater has at least one chamber, the electrode of plasma beam generator and gas input channel extend in the chamber, the gas inlet pipe road of described plasma beam generator is connected with an inert gas source, and described chamber is connected with the inert environments generating apparatus.
Alleged " inert environments " of the present invention is meant the environment that carbon is not had oxidation as negative pressure of vacuum environment, inert gas environment (as nitrogen, argon gas, helium) etc.
Technology provided by the invention has overcome the shortcoming of prior art preferably, because it is to use plasma high-temperature process refuse under inert conditions, thereby has following advantage:
1, owing to the anaerobic or the anaerobic environment of vacuum condition, discarded object is under the plasma high temperature action, and isolated carbon can be not oxidized, and like this, the volume of the gas that discharges in the processing procedure can reduce, and carbon dioxide discharge of harmful gases amount has been dropped to minimum.
2, discarded object is under the plasma high temperature action, and isolated carbon will remain in the process chamber, with other composition that can not gasify formed stable in properties, to the mankind environmentally friendly, be utilizable residue sometimes.
3, in the gas of discharging because the shortage of carbon, destroyed two dislike because of formation condition, help avoiding two dislike because of secondary pollution.
Describe the present invention in detail with embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is an equipment schematic diagram of implementing technology of the present invention.
Each label is represented in the accompanying drawing: 1 plasma beam generator, 2 gas inlet pipe roads, 3 power lines, 4 coolers, 5 aspiration pumps, 6 body of heater chambers, 7 plasma beams, 8 discarded objects, 9 pressure sensors.
The specific embodiment
As shown in the figure, waste plasma high-temperature processing technology of the present invention comprise with pending discarded object place a body of heater chamber 6, form inert environments and discarded object added thermal decomposition at chamber 6 with plasma beam.
Described inert environments can be vacuum environment, nitrogen environment, helium environment or ar gas environment.
This technology can also be included in and add the step of getting rid of the gas in the described chamber 6 in the thermal decomposition process.
Discarded object utilizes plasma high-temperature to decompose under negative pressure of vacuum, and its decomposition efficiency can be higher than decomposition efficiency under the antivacuum state.
Waste plasma high-temperature processing device of the present invention comprises body of heater and the plasma beam generator 1 that is installed on the body of heater, described body of heater has at least one chamber 6, the electrode of plasma beam generator 1 and gas input channel 2 extend in the chamber 6, the gas inlet pipe road 2 of described plasma beam generator is connected with an inert gas source, and described chamber 6 is connected with the inert environments generating apparatus.
This equipment can also comprise the air scavenge device that is communicated with chamber.
Described inert environments generating apparatus and gas remover can be vacuum extractors.
Described vacuum extractor comprises aspiration pump 5, and is connected to cooler 4 on the pipeline that connects aspiration pump.
Described inert environments generating apparatus also can be an inert gas input unit that is communicated with described chamber 6 and a vacuum extractor.
Can be provided with pressure sensor 9 on described chamber 6, this sensor 9 is connected with the air scavenge device.
Accompanying drawing has provided the structural representation of present device, wherein 7 pairs of discarded objects 8 of high-temperature plasma gas of plasma generator 1 generation add thermal decomposition, discarded object 8 places among the process chamber 6 of sealing, is forced to efflux after cooler 4 coolings by the gas in 5 pairs of process chambers 6 of aspiration pump.Vacuum by 9 pairs of process chamber 6 inside of pressure sensor detects, and signal feedback is arrived aspiration pump 5, and the adjustments of gas mass rate of emission makes to be in certain vacuum in the process chamber 6 all the time.The input gas of plasma generator 1 can use oxygen-free gas.
Above-mentioned just illustrative to the description of invention with reference to drawings and Examples, and do not constitute qualification to it.Obviously, on basis of the present invention, can carry out many modification, but all not break away from the present invention's essence required for protection.
Claims (10)
1, the waste plasma high-temperature processing technology is characterized in that, this technology comprise with pending discarded object place a body of heater chamber, form inert environments and discarded object added thermal decomposition at chamber with plasma beam.
2, waste plasma high-temperature processing technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described inert environments is a vacuum environment.
3, waste plasma high-temperature processing technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described inert environments is nitrogen environment, helium environment or ar gas environment.
According to the described waste plasma high-temperature processing technology of one of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that 4, this technology also is included in and adds the step of getting rid of the gas in the described chamber (6) in the thermal decomposition process.
5, a kind of waste plasma high-temperature processing device, comprise body of heater and the plasma beam generator (1) that is installed on the body of heater, described body of heater has at least one chamber (6), the electrode of plasma beam generator (1) and gas input channel (2) are linked in the chamber (6), it is characterized in that, the gas inlet pipe road (2) of described plasma beam generator is connected with an inert gas source, and described chamber (6) is connected with the inert environments generating apparatus.
6, waste plasma high-temperature processing device according to claim 5 is characterized in that, this equipment also comprises the air scavenge device that is communicated with chamber.
7, waste plasma high-temperature processing device according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described inert environments generating apparatus and gas remover are vacuum extractors.
8, waste plasma high-temperature processing device according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described vacuum extractor comprises aspiration pump (5), and is connected to cooler (4) on the pipeline that connects aspiration pump
9, waste plasma high-temperature processing device according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described inert environments generating apparatus is an inert gas input unit that is communicated with described chamber (6) and a vacuum extractor.
According to the described waste plasma high-temperature processing device of one of claim 6-9, it is characterized in that 10, be provided with pressure sensor (9) on described chamber (6), this sensor (9) is connected with the air scavenge device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB01144116XA CN1172110C (en) | 2001-12-11 | 2001-12-11 | Plasma high temperature processing process and equipment for refuses |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB01144116XA CN1172110C (en) | 2001-12-11 | 2001-12-11 | Plasma high temperature processing process and equipment for refuses |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1425873A true CN1425873A (en) | 2003-06-25 |
| CN1172110C CN1172110C (en) | 2004-10-20 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB01144116XA Expired - Fee Related CN1172110C (en) | 2001-12-11 | 2001-12-11 | Plasma high temperature processing process and equipment for refuses |
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| CN (1) | CN1172110C (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1297781C (en) * | 2004-04-14 | 2007-01-31 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Method for treating solid organic waste substance using high frequency plasma |
| US7832344B2 (en) | 2006-02-28 | 2010-11-16 | Peat International, Inc. | Method and apparatus of treating waste |
| CN101625961B (en) * | 2008-07-08 | 2011-09-14 | 周星工程股份有限公司 | Apparatus for manufacturing semiconductor |
| CN102211103A (en) * | 2010-04-07 | 2011-10-12 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Method for pyrolyzing waste circuit board by using arc plasma |
| US8671855B2 (en) | 2009-07-06 | 2014-03-18 | Peat International, Inc. | Apparatus for treating waste |
| CN104888587A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-09-09 | 李梦燕 | Method for processing garbage incineration waste gases |
| CN108515070A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2018-09-11 | 宁波蓝乾设备制造有限公司 | A kind of plasma heating device |
| CN111981484A (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2020-11-24 | 齐鲁工业大学 | Tail gas closed-cycle plasma incineration system |
-
2001
- 2001-12-11 CN CNB01144116XA patent/CN1172110C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1297781C (en) * | 2004-04-14 | 2007-01-31 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Method for treating solid organic waste substance using high frequency plasma |
| US7832344B2 (en) | 2006-02-28 | 2010-11-16 | Peat International, Inc. | Method and apparatus of treating waste |
| CN101625961B (en) * | 2008-07-08 | 2011-09-14 | 周星工程股份有限公司 | Apparatus for manufacturing semiconductor |
| US8671855B2 (en) | 2009-07-06 | 2014-03-18 | Peat International, Inc. | Apparatus for treating waste |
| CN102211103A (en) * | 2010-04-07 | 2011-10-12 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Method for pyrolyzing waste circuit board by using arc plasma |
| CN104888587A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-09-09 | 李梦燕 | Method for processing garbage incineration waste gases |
| CN108515070A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2018-09-11 | 宁波蓝乾设备制造有限公司 | A kind of plasma heating device |
| CN111981484A (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2020-11-24 | 齐鲁工业大学 | Tail gas closed-cycle plasma incineration system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1172110C (en) | 2004-10-20 |
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Granted publication date: 20041020 Termination date: 20100111 |