CN1424955A

CN1424955A - Nippers

Info

Publication number: CN1424955A
Application number: CN00813882A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 拉尔夫·普奇
Original assignee: Knipex Werk C Gustav Putsch KG
Current assignee: Knipex Werk C Gustav Putsch KG
Priority date: 1999-09-04
Filing date: 2000-09-01
Publication date: 2003-06-18
Anticipated expiration: 2020-09-01
Also published as: DE50006616D1; WO2001017732A8; DE19942372A1; RU2245779C2; WO2001017732A1; EP1210215A1; EP1210215B1; CN1278824C; ES2222235T3; AU7649400A

Abstract

The invention relates to nippers (1), especially diagonal cutting nippers, centre cutting nippers, nippers that operate with shear cut, nippers that cut with two approaching blades and knife edge and anvil nippers for instance. The nippers comprise two legs (6, 7) which are provided with the working areas (11, 12). Said legs are connected to each other in a joint-like manner, by means of a rotational axis (x-x) and in such a way that two journals (14, 15) which extend from one leg respectively can be displaced in longitudinal cavities (16, 17) of the remaining leg. The aim of the invention is to obtain good power transmission. To this end, the longitudinal cavities (16, 17) are arranged in such a way that the rotational axis (x-x) is situated facing the working area of the journals (14, 15).

Description

Pliers

Technical field

The present invention relates to pliers as described in the preamble according to claim 1.

Background technology

US Patent specification 619195 discloses a kind of scissors, and this scissors can drive in the pliers mode.This scissors has two scissors branch components (limb), and this scissors branch components comprises the working region of scissors, and is connected with each other in hinged way by imaginary rotation.This is connected to like this, and promptly two pins that stretch out from a scissors branch components are rotatably installed in two slits of another scissors branch components.This slit extends with one heart, and with imaginary rotation spaced radial.This makes articulated joint that relatively large surface area be arranged.This pin is arranged to this spline structure, and promptly this pin intersects with 45 ° of longitudinal median planes with scissors.The angle bisector of this slit is extended perpendicular to this plane.

DE-A 2821893 discloses a kind of operation clamp, and this clamp can drive in the pliers mode, and requirement 1 feature as described in the preamble of having the right.But, at this moment pin and slit are connected with each other by relatively large articulated joint, and therefore, in all cases, the pin that stretches out from a pliers branch components all is engaged in the slit of another pliers branch components.By making jaws close, pin will be positioned at the both sides of clamp longitudinal centre line, say working region one side that is positioned at the imaginary point of rotation exactly.

Summary of the invention

By these situations about providing as can be known, an object of the present invention is to make the pliers of general type can realize high-caliber power transmission.

This purpose at first realizes by the pliers with the described feature of claim 1.This pliers is based on such situation, and promptly imaginary rotation is positioned at working region one side of pin.Realize high-caliber power transmission, and can further not increase the size on articulated joint surface.Pin is positioned at the zone that big lead schedule area is arranged.And preferably, imaginary rotation is positioned near the starting point of shearing knife edge.Can optimize leverage like this.And preferred structure is, slit is along V-characteristic, and one side scatter in the working region.By in operating process, making imaginary rotation motion, can make the motion of the working region of pliers break away from the simple circle arc equably.But, this slit also is preferred with the extension of circular arc form.The structure of pin is basically based on cylinder form; But, also can consider a kind of version, wherein, pin has the flat part relevant with the longitudinal edge of slit.This has increased the size of abutment surface, thereby has reduced against specific pressure by bigger surface area.This process can be like this, promptly in all cases, forms guiding between pin and the slit, and wherein the vertical flank portion of slit is towards the working region.And, the cam that the present invention proposes that pin shaped is become and has the side surface shape that adapts with slit flank portion.This cam can section shape in the arc-shaped, perhaps is the cam of basic straight rib shape, for example in order to be used for V-shaped groove.Also propose, this slit has: their handle-branch components end, and the terminal approximate longitudinal median plane that extends to pliers of this handle-branch components, and they are relative; And the working region end, this working region end forms with the normal of longitudinal median plane approximate tangent, and this normal is positioned to pass the articulated joint end points of working region.This provides good shear constitution, and makes the guiding surface of articulated joint can farthest be used for the motion of pin.Can also obtain additional boot section by cover plate and in the outside, this cover plate links to each other with the end face of cam, and is arranged in encirclement slit periphery and belongs in the sunk part of pliers branch components to small part.This can form the tight fit guiding between cover plate and articulated joint zone.This sunk part can form by milling, forms the corresponding shoulder of geometric course with slit simultaneously.This slit can be used for the milling cutter channeling conduct.At last, independence of the present invention and important preferred feature are, the free space of articulated joint surface extends to the articulated joint end points of working region in approximate tapered mode, the free space of this articulated joint surface itself is known, and in all cases, the articulated joint step of another pliers branch components pivot in this free space rotates.By making this free space closure, the articulated joint step can be as the margin stop of opening of pliers.

Description of drawings

Two embodiment below with reference to the accompanying drawings describe theme of the present invention in detail, in the accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 illustrates the front view according to pliers first embodiment of the invention, that form side cutting pliers, and this pliers is in closure state;

Fig. 2 illustrates the side view of above-mentioned pliers;

Fig. 3 illustrates the rearview of this pliers;

Front view when Fig. 4 illustrates this pliers and is in open mode;

Fig. 5 illustrates the enlarged drawing of Fig. 4, that is to say that this pliers has the jaw of opening;

Fig. 6 illustrates the pliers with closed jaw;

Fig. 7 illustrates along the cutaway view of the line VII-VII among Fig. 5;

Fig. 8 illustrates along the cutaway view of the line VIII-VIII among Fig. 6, and wherein pin is cut open by the center, and passes through against point;

Fig. 9 illustrates the detail drawing of a kind of version of expression;

Figure 10 illustrates the front view according to pliers second embodiment of the invention, that form side cutting pliers, and this pliers is in closure state;

Figure 11 illustrates the rearview of this pliers;

Front view when Figure 12 illustrates this pliers and is in open mode;

Figure 13 illustrates the enlarged drawing of Figure 10, and wherein, this pliers has closed jaw;

Figure 14 also is an enlarged drawing, is the enlarged drawing of Figure 12 exactly, that is to say that this pliers has the jaw of opening;

Figure 15 illustrates along the cutaway view of the line XV-XV among Figure 13;

Figure 16 illustrates along the cutaway view of the line XVI-XVI among Figure 14.

The specific embodiment

Pliers shown in the figure 1 forms side cutting pliers, preferably forms heavy side cutting pliers.

Pliers 1 comprises: function or working region are called pliers head 2; And drive area 3, the

pliers handle arm

4 and 5 of being extended by archwise forms.This working region is played shearing, clamping, effect such as is impressed, grips.

Pliers handle arm 4 is formed at on the pliers branch components of 6 expressions and the pliers branch components with 7 expressions.

Near

pliers branch components

6 and 7 intersected with each other articulated joint 8.

Pliers branch components

6,7 links to each other with

pliers chuck

9,10 leaving on the direction of handle arm respectively.They end at shearing

knife edge

11,12 respectively.Described shearing

knife edge

11,12 toward each other and determine to open and the boundary of closeable jaw, the shearing knife edge of Zhi Xianging is linear forms each other.

Articulated joint 8 has two pins 14,15.They protrude perpendicular to surface articulated joint 8, that energy slides on another, that is to say the pivot rotational plane perpendicular to pliers branch components 6,7.Pin with 14 expressions stretches out from a pliers branch components 6, stretches out from another pliers branch components 7 with 15 pins of representing.As seen from the figure, their 14,15 extensions in opposite direction.They are engaged in the pin installed part (mount) by guiding respectively, and this installed part is hereinafter referred to as slit 16 and 17.According to the lap joint that forms, pin is positioned at an offset portion office of this articulated joint 8, and the relativity shift that corresponding pin installed part then is positioned at articulated joint 8 is partly located, and certainly, under any circumstance this relative route (way) is circular.

These elements are connected with each other, so that along such route (course), promptly when pliers 1 opened and closed,

pliers leg

6,7 was around fixing imaginary point of rotation x rotation.This imagination point of rotation x is positioned at the shearing knife edge side of

14,15.

Imagination point of rotation x is positioned at the longitudinal median plane y-y of pliers 1.Simultaneously, this planar shaped becomes symmetrical plane.

For above-mentioned longitudinal median plane y-y, the position that two

pins

14,15 are positioned at respect to point of rotation x off-centre, and also this two

14,15 is to become the arranged in form of mirror image symmetry with respect to described longitudinal median plane y-y.Two

slit

16,17 same arranged off-centre, and the same form that becomes the mirror image symmetry with respect to longitudinal median plane y-y that forms.

The imaginary line that passes the geometric centre axes location of

14,15 extends perpendicular to longitudinal median plane y-y.And

14,15 is equidistant apart from this longitudinal median plane y-y.

Slit

16,17 is along such route, and promptly imaginary point of rotation x is positioned at shearing knife edge 11 ' and 12 ' in the front of the starting point of articulated joint side just.

By illustrated embodiment as can be known,

slit

16,17 is along an arcuate path, and this arcuate curvature is approximate identical with the convex bending rear portion of pliers chuck 9,10.

Slit

16,17 also can be along the circular arc route.Even can imagine that they are along a V-arrangement route.In all cases, this

slit

16,17 is so positioned usually, and promptly they scatter with sizable degree along the direction of

pliers chuck

9,10.

Then,

slit

16,17 can be realized such effect, and promptly their end forms the closed of this instrument and/or opens the limit with pin 14,15.For the closed limit, such advantage is arranged, promptly by the corresponding construction of

14 or 15 and the corresponding termination of each

slit

16 or 17, can avoid shearing

knife edge

11,12 to be in contact with one another, not this means to have adverse effect to this shearing

knife edge

11,12, in addition, can avoid too early wearing and tearing.

For shown in first embodiment,

14,15 is a cylinder form.The power that occurs when shearing in order to be absorbed in well,

14,15 develops into its that side towards the longitudinal edge of the close point of rotation of

slit

16,17 and is provided with arc suitable flat part 18,19 (Fig. 9).Like this, will not be that linearity offsets simply, but on selected surf zone, form bigger against the district, thereby also absorbing load better.This cause

14 or 15 and

respective slots

16 or 17 between be guided in along taking place on

longitudinal edge slit

16 and 17, away from shearing knife edge, this has replenished the supporting on the opposite flank in pliers driving process.

Play guiding, absorbing load effect and how much become the

15,16 of slide block shape to fixedly connected with corresponding

pliers branch components

6,7 respectively; Therefore, when driving, they are respectively with respect to another pliers branch components motion.When pliers 1 is in the close position, to compare when opening with pliers,

14,15 is more close each other.

But,

14,15 is fixed with rivet or rotated the retaining thread ways of connecting and link to each other with each plate portion of articulated joint 8.But, wherein preferable methods is to make the pliers branch components of making by drop forging 6,7 that the

14,15 that forges on them also be arranged.This pin can have the additional length part of protruding above the degree of depth of

slit

16,17, forms manufactured head so that the material of this protrusion can be out of shape.Corresponding final riveted joint form as described in Figure, it can form by upsetting.

By utilizing the plate shape part of articulated joint 8, also can realize opening the limit.For this reason, lean with the pliers chuck end face (butt) relative at shearing knife edge side and the end surfaces 20 that becomes the articulated joint stepped form with it.When pliers 1 was in the close position, these contact walls acutangulated separately along outside direction.

Pliers 1 (Figure 10-16) according to second embodiment has essentially identical structure.Label among first embodiment uses too, and not repeat specification in article in some cases is because they by first embodiment as can be known.

Can know that imaginary rotation x-x also is positioned at working region one side of

14,15, at this moment, this working region is also formed by the shearing

knife edge

11,12 of jaw 13.In particular form, this imagination rotation shearing knife edge 11 ', 12 ' the starting point near zone in extend.

A kind of development form of

14,15 also is provided, and at this moment, this

14,15 constitutes cams.This cam is along the length of the moving direction inner width greater than slit 16 or 17.This ratio is approximately 2: 1.They form the slide block by the slit guiding.

Should be known in that cam or

14,15 are circle in its end.By can clearly seeing this dome (conex rounding) among the figure.This dome with

slit

16,17 ends, corresponding with the circle of equidirectional bending.Therefore, will be with the cam flank portion (flank) of slit flank portion consistent structure by the guiding on large surface area against this slit flank portion.Here, the flank portion of this supporting also can be positioned to the circular arc form, and is passable if the curvature of end is simplified to a straight line portion of lacking, and just can make

slit

16,17 location forming V-shapes.

The length of considering

14,15 here or cam is longer, therefore, make geometry that pliers leg 6,7 rotatablely moves for like this by guiding, promptly slit 16,17 makes their handle-branch components end 16 ' or 17 ' roughly extend to the longitudinal median plane y-y of pliers and they are relative respectively; And it is approximate tangent how many working region ends 16 " or 17 " is formed with normal N-N of longitudinal median plane y-y, as shown in figure 13.Described normal N-N is positioned to pass the articulated joint end points of working region 11/12.It extends perpendicular to longitudinal median plane y-y.

Different with first embodiment, according to first embodiment,

14,15 heads by upsetting are fixed in the

slit

16,17, obviously,

pliers branch components

6,7 is arranged to rotatably fixing each other form, and according to second embodiment, this head is formed by screw 22, and this screw inserts in the screwed hole of pin 14,15.This head downside also has cover plate 23 in its lower section.Say that roughly this has kidney shape (kidney-shaped) profile, that is to say it substantially along the geometric course of

slit

16,17, but longer and wideer than the geometric course of slit, therefore, cover plate 23 supportings are for being clipped on the edges of slots.In special shape, this can be formed by the sunk part 24 that extends from the top side.The profile of this sunk part 24 is corresponding with cover plate 23, and has and make cam move required space in

slit

16 or 17.

Recessed circle (concave rounding) in the end of

slit

16,17 also is reflected in the sunk part 24, and this forms shoulder 25, and this shoulder 25 is identical with the width of whole round route, as the base portion of this sunk part 24.The periphery step of sunk part 24 is with 26 expressions, and it also can be used to guide the neighboring of cover plate 23.

For pliers head 2, should also be pointed out that, at this moment the free space F of articulated joint surface extends to the articulated joint end points of working region 11/12 in approximate tapered mode, the free space F of this articulated joint surface itself is known, and between pliers branch components 6,7.The angle of its profile and a bending is suitable, says so accurately one to broaden and towards the angle of the tapered bending of point of working region side along outward direction.Here, chuck end face 21 also forms the spill circular arc.End surfaces 20 as the articulated joint step G of another pliers branch components 7 leans with this chuck end face 21, also plays the effect that stops-limiting in the ending phase of opening motion simultaneously.This shape becomes the mirror image symmetric form, that is to say, also has another figures on the opposite side of pliers 1.Among Figure 14, for clear, the closed gap among Fig. 4 is represented with exaggerative form.

The workpiece smooth or extremely hard for fear of some skids off from the space of sheared edge along the free-ended direction of shearing knife edge in the driving process, can make this shearing knife edge in this void area suitable construction be arranged at least, this can be by increasing adhesive force, for example make shearing knife edge that diamond coatings is arranged, perhaps make this shearing knife edge become corrugated, perhaps can also make this shearing knife edge have recess or the edge direction different to tilt with longitudinal direction.

All features disclosed herein all belong to the present invention.Therefore, relevant/attached disclosed content of existing document (at the duplicate of first to file) also is contained in the present specification fully, therefore, also comprises the feature of these documents in the application's the claim.

Claims

1. a pliers (1), especially for example side cutting pliers, center cutting nippers and pass through shear action, the pliers that clamp effect and blade (chopping block cutting) are sheared, two pliers branch components (6 are arranged, 7), this pliers branch components (6,7) comprise working region (11,12), and be connected with each other in hinged way by imaginary rotation (x-x), like this, in all cases, two pins (14 that stretch out from a pliers branch components, 15) can be respectively at the slit (16 of another scissors branch components, 17) move in, it is characterized in that, this slit (16,17) be arranged to like this, promptly imaginary rotation (x-x) is positioned at pin (14,15) working region one side.

2. according to the described pliers of aforementioned one or more claims, it is characterized in that this imagination rotation (x-x) is positioned near the starting point of shearing knife edge (11 ' and 12 ').

3. according to the described pliers of aforementioned one or more claims, it is characterized in that this imagination rotation is located with sleep mode.

4. according to the described pliers of aforementioned one or more claims, it is characterized in that slit (16 and 17) is along the V-arrangement route.

5. according to the described pliers of aforementioned one or more claims, it is characterized in that one side scatter this V-arrangement route in the working region.

6. according to the described pliers of aforementioned one or more claims, it is characterized in that slit (16 and 17) extends with the circular arc form.

7. according to the described pliers of aforementioned one or more claims, it is characterized in that pin (14,15) has the flat part (18,19) relevant with the longitudinal edge of slit (16,17).

8. according to the described pliers of aforementioned one or more claims, it is characterized in that in all cases, the guiding between pin (14 or 15) and the slit takes place in the vertical flank portion of working region at slit (16 and 17).

9. according to the described pliers of aforementioned one or more claims, it is characterized in that pin (14,15) is constructed with the cam of the side surface shape that adapts with slit flank portion.

10. according to the described pliers of aforementioned one or more claims, it is characterized in that, this slit (16,17) has: their handle-branch components end (be respectively 16 ' and 17 '), the terminal approximate longitudinal median plane (y-y) that extends to pliers of this handle-branch components, and they are relative; And working region end (being respectively 16 " and 17 "), this working region end forms with the normal (N-N) of longitudinal median plane (y-y) approximate tangent, and this normal is positioned to pass the articulated joint end points of working region.

11. according to the described pliers of aforementioned one or more claims, it is characterized in that, also have cover plate (23), this cover plate links to each other with the end face of cam, and is positioned to surround slit (16 or 17) edge and belongs in the sunk part of pliers branch components (6 or 7) to small part.

12. according to the described pliers of aforementioned one or more claims, it is characterized in that, the free space of articulated joint surface (F) extends to the articulated joint end points of working region (11/12) in approximate tapered mode, the free space of this articulated joint surface itself is known, and in all cases, the articulated joint step (G) of another pliers branch components (7) pivot in this free space rotates.