CN1421975A - Adaptive charge controlling chip - Google Patents

Abstract

The adaptive charge controlling chip consists of hardware and software. The handware is monochip computer with three or more channel A/D converters, four or more channel I/O ports and program memory; and the software is computer program for the chip to work in one of six states; starting, failure prompt, precharge, fast charge, supplementary charge and trickling charge. The three analog signals are digitized in the A/D converter, the data are calculated, and the calculated results are used to lead program into different stage for different functions. For different cells and in different stages, the read in data produce different functions, including failure judgment in starting stage, parameter setting in precharge stage and parameter correction and output control in the fast charge stage.

Description

Adaptive charge controlling chip

The present invention relates to the battery charge field, specifically is a kind of adaptive charge controlling chip.

In the utilization process of chargeable battery, charger is its important device of successfully using, so chargeable battery one is born, charger is a key issue, because the quality of charger directly has influence on two important technology indexs of battery: the use capacity of chargeable battery and chargeable battery recycle number of times, promptly use the life-span.Yet before the sixties, the method that the charger technology generally adopts mainly is constant current or constant voltage charging method, this situation can be filled the curve principle up to sixties doctor Mascc and be found that battery can accept the charging current size and descend by index law in time after this rule based on minimum gas efficiency, just confirm the method that constant current or constant voltage charge all are not best suited for.

According to the Mascc curve, so-called two-part has been proposed, syllogic or more multisection type charging again.So-called two-part charging refers at first battery be carried out constant current or constant voltage charge, when cell voltage acquires a certain degree, then battery is carried out trickle charge; So-called syllogic generally is at first battery to be carried out constant current charge, treats to be converted into second stage after cell voltage reaches threshold voltage, the promptly so-called pressure limiting charging stage, is converted into the phase III, i.e. trickle charge when charging current is little after to a certain degree.In addition, because the needs of practice wish battery is carried out quick charge toward contact.Doctor Mascc further points out, influence the charger quick charge and also have two key factors: the one, polarizing voltage, the 2nd, memory effect, wherein polarizing voltage is in charging process, electric charge accumulation is on battery electrode and the reverse voltage that produces, in fact show as in the increase to the internal resistance of cell, the effective ways of eliminating it are to adopt the negative pulse method to spark at the battery two ends to remove the electric charge of piling up on the electrode, and have produced pulse charge method thus; The not all battery of memory effect has, can be by discharging and recharging and can eliminate repeatedly.Above-mentioned two kinds of effects should be paid attention in the charge controller design.

In fact, charge controller has been obtained significant progress in recent years, one significantly sign be exactly mostly produced oneself charger chip of most in the world semiconductor manufacturer, what have also has a central processing unit (being CPU), so the charging control technology be one by the technology of most of semiconductor integrated circuit manufacturer common concern, the more well-known in the world research of being engaged in this field and product development Motorola arranged, Maximum, Phlips, TI etc. have corresponding IC (charger chip) for every type battery generally speaking.Yet, will cause different charging control strategies to the different understanding of battery boosting technology, the key of charging technique development is the deeper understanding to battery behavior.

In the prior art, there is not a family to adopt adaptive control technology as yet, mentioned the new method of some modern charging techniques in the right pertinent literature, such as:

1, in Chinese patent CN1042626A, mentioned a kind of maximum permissible current function of time of dynamic correction charging current, uncommon reach charging process and be strict controlled in ideal charging current curve scope by adjusting wherein parameter a, thereby make charger have certain degree intelligence, yet because a parameter itself is not had automation, make this technology do not belong to truly automatically;

2, in Chinese patent CN1135673A, pointed out full-automatic charger,, realized from 9 kinds of charge modes, selecting a kind of best charge mode of thinking by detecting the temperature and the voltage of battery to two kinds of battery types.This technology has had the imagination that multivariable is to a certain degree followed the tracks of, yet whether 9 kinds of charge modes that solidify are exactly that best still also needing weighed;

3, a kind of charge/discharge control circuit and detection filter circuit in Chinese patent CN2265618Y, have been mentioned, in fact a kind of hope arranged is exactly the internal resistance that detects battery, clearly do not show in the literature, charging control algolithm wherein is fairly simple, does not in fact also propose adaptive strategy;

4, Ullah, Z., Burford, B.and S.D. is at Fast intelligent battery charging:neural-fuzzy approach. (IEEE Aerospace and Electronics Systems Magazine, 1996,11 (6), p.26-34) a kind of new way of charging and controlling has been proposed in the literary composition, it is fuzzy Neural Network Control Method, the battery behavior curve that this method provides according to battery producer, set up neural network model, thereby the state that detects battery in charging process is revised the method for charging current and is realized, but this method has the dependence to battery producer of certain degree, and the method that is adopted in this case has the individual character of certain degree, promptly all need redesign and to realize its original intention, promptly only in subrange, possess adaptive characteristics the battery of each battery producer.

It seems that from the new technology of these charging controls the charging control technology is the problem that studies for a long period of time, and the shadow of certain adaptive control is all arranged under local situation, but have not yet to see the total solution of considering from composite factor.

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of adaptive charge controlling chip, this chip has self adaptation and adjusts charging current, the fuzzy characteristics that are full of criterion and judge battery types automatically.

The objective of the invention is to realize by following technical proposals.

Adaptive charge controlling chip partly is made up of hardware and software two, hardware be possess analog to digital converter more than three tunnel, the single-chip microcomputer of input/output port, program storage more than four tunnel, software is computer program, its block diagram is seen accompanying drawing 1.Aforementioned calculation machine program is injected on the program storage in the single-chip microcomputer, promptly obtains adaptive charge controlling chip.

In the such scheme, aforementioned calculation machine program is injected on the program storage in the above-mentioned single-chip microcomputer, making 1 pin in the single-chip microcomputer is the VCC pin, and as the power supply positive voltage, this supply voltage scope is 2～6V, and the typical case uses 5V; 2 pin are the MOD pin, as the charging control end, adjust the impulse waveform of this pin by self adaptation, reach the control quickly charging battery, supply the different mode of charging and trickle charge; 3 pin are the DIS pin, as the discharge control end, act on when needs are eliminated the battery polarization effect, are not output as low level in case of necessity and there is this; 4 pin are the CS pin, as the end of sheet choosing/synchronously, and high level work, low level is stopped, and this end is used for can being used in and being convenient to control under the equalizing charge situation when synchronous; 5 pin are the LED/MCC pin, show output as fault, and (except drawing separately) had two functions when this pin encapsulated at 8 pin, and MCC refers to import by external divider resistance the maximum charging current (only effective at powered on moment) of this charger; LED is used to indicate the operating state of charger, and low level is effective, and when charger was in quick charge, this pin was low always; Supply when charging when charger is in, this pin level slowly changes between high level and low level; And charger then flashes the prompting user when being in malfunction fast, stops charging simultaneously and eliminates up to fault; 6 pin are the BAT pin, as the voltage signal input, after the battery voltage process outer meeting resistance dividing potential drop, insert this pin; 7 pin are the TC pin, as the current signal input; 8 pin are the GND pin, as power supply negative terminal, and ground connection;

When chip powered up, computer program was in automatic power-on reset, and the chip selection signal CS of chip is a high level, and software and hardware is in initial operating state, and computer program comes into operation and enters the incipient stage: whether detection is recharged the pond and adds in the circuit; Charging control end MOD and discharge control end DIS are in low level (shutoff), CPU sweep current signal input part TC and voltage signal input BAT, within a certain period of time, repeated multiple times is to the detection of TC and the input of BAT data, principle with fuzzy mathematics method is judged, if TC and BAT do not have the signal input, judge that promptly battery does not add or the battery open circuit, change the fault prompting stage over to; Otherwise change pre-charging stage over to; Fault detection program is from start to finish all in operation;

If computer program has entered the fault prompting stage, fault shows that output MCC/LED is the fault-signal indication, and this indicator light is glittering; After fault was got rid of (shutdown is got rid of), chip powered up once more, can enter pre-charging stage;

In pre-charging stage, computer program carries out state-detection earlier, and this moment, the multiplexer in the hardware circuit entered digital filter by the analog signal of timesharing gating three road TC, BAT, MCC; Eliminate interference and harmonic components in the analog signal input; Analog signal enters A/D converter, the sampling analog signal: cell voltage, battery current, charging voltage is sent into master cpu after quantizing, computer program is according to these digital signals, judge the classification of battery, at first see the voltage range of battery, being lower than 1.8V is the lithium battery type, 1.8V～2V is the lead-acid battery type, 2V～2.4V is a cadmium nickel, the Ni-H cell type, when this method is difficult to distinguish, adopt the method for measuring the internal resistance of cell, internal resistance is cadmium nickel and Ni-H cell less than 5m Ω, being higher than 5m Ω and being lead-acid battery less than 50m Ω, is lithium battery greater than 50m Ω; Carry out the parameter setting according to the classification of battery then, comprise by the maximum charge duty ratio of MCC pin decision, be 97% to the maximum, corresponding MCC voltage is 4.5V, and minimum is 5%, and corresponding MCC voltage is 0.1V; The initial value in long charging interval is decided to be the full value of 16 digit counters, i.e. 65535 timing units, and each unit is 8 instruction cycles, each cycle is with 1/4 decision of the frequency of oscillation that adds; According to the data of three road input end of analog signal, primary Calculation goes out the capacity of battery, in the next stage according to the difference of capacity determines again to charge and enters, if capacity is little, can change the quick charge stage over to; If capacity is big, do not enter the quick charge stage, directly enter the trickle charge stage; When being about to finish pre-charging stage, in order to prevent that hardware data from makeing mistakes and other charging control is out of control, data according to battery, the maximum duration beginning of clocking of charging, this value is not a definite value, is a variable yet, enter different states after, according to sampled data, maximum duration is revised;

In the quick charge stage, hardware circuit carries out pulsating control to MOD, and the cycle of this pulsed is that duty ratio is adjusted according to data input, adds charging quickly, and it is big that duty ratio becomes, otherwise diminish; In charging process, the discharge control end has one " negative pulse " in the centre of following charging pulse, promptly is the control impuls of discharge usefulness, and the cycle of this pulse also changes, be according to the data decision of sample collection; Sampled data is again along carrying out, so sampling, charging, discharge are that intersection is carried out according to the state of battery dynamically after the termination of negative pulse; The end condition of quick charge is that the voltage of BAT pin equals final voltage, and final voltage is to set value according to detected battery variety of initial period and number of batteries in 1.058～3.99V scope; In the quick charge stage, the various parameters of chip after according to battery charge, the longest charging interval is revised, after the BAT data of rechargeable battery are sent into CPU on the other hand, compare with final voltage, the longest charging interval has arrived if end condition satisfies or end condition does not satisfy, and will stop quick charge, enters the boost charge stage;

In the boost charge stage, the control of employing constant voltage, CPU detects the capacity of battery, TC, BAT, MCC analogue data are sent into digital filter by multicircuit switch on the hardware, and again through mould/number conversion, its result sends into the register of CPU, the data of register are by computed in software, whether the result who draws quick charge satisfies the quick charge end condition, if satisfy, just the time of charging is calculated reference quantity as a supplement in time control; If do not satisfy but finish quick charge by time control, no longer carry out Time Calculation, directly investigate the end condition of boost charge, its end condition is that the voltage of TC pin equals final voltage, and final voltage is to set value according to detected battery variety of initial period and number of batteries in 0.049～0.108V scope; Software is carried out and to be read three tunnel analog-to-digital results, with the boost charge end condition relatively, confirm again simultaneously whether replenish timing controlled satisfies, two kinds of conditions being possesseds a kind ofly promptly finish boost charge and enter the trickle charge stage;

In the trickle charge stage, adopt constant voltage charge promptly battery to be carried out floating charge, this moment, chip charged by float charge voltage, its end condition is that the voltage of BAT pin equals final voltage, and final voltage is to set value according to detected battery variety of initial period and number of batteries in 1.058～3.722V scope; When the voltage of battery reaches this set point, charging finishes, and computer program turn-offs MOD end and DIS end, and indicator light LED shows to charge and finishes that computer program stops.

In the such scheme, computer program is as follows:

；*****************************************************************；this program used for adaptive control of battery charge；*****************************************************************；　　list p＝16c711；*****************************************************************；Define some used constants；*****************************************************************OPTION_VAL  equ b’00001111’INTCON_VAL  equ b’01100000’TRISA_VAL   equ b’00011111’TRISB_VAL   equ b’00000001’；bat equ 0×00tc  equ 0×01tm  equ 0×02mcc equ 0×03clk_pin equ 0×04；cs equ 0×00<!-- SIPO <DP n="5"> --><dp n="d5"/>sync   equ 0×00data_pin    equ 0×00；led1  equ 0×01led2  equ 0×02led3  equ 0×03led4  equ 0×04；led equ 0×05mod equ 0×06dis equ 0×07；；***************************************************************；；The following defined some registers used to store any datas；；***************************************************************s_mod       equ 0×21work_mod    equ 0×23data1_bat   equ 0×24data2_bat   equ 0×25max_curr    equ 0×26delay_val   equ 0×27timer_1     equ 0×28timer_2     equ 0×29timer_3     equ 0×2Atimer_4     equ 0×2Bwork_dis    equ 0×2Cwork_stop1  equ 0×22work_stop2  equ 0×2D<!-- SIPO <DP n="6"> --><dp n="d6"/>w_temp      equ 0×2Estatus_temp equ 0×2Fpclath_temp equ 0×30state       equ 0×31；01-------------A/D channel selection；2--------------mark for lion or notlion；3--------------mark can charging or not；****************************************************************；include file　　INCLUDE＜DEV_FAM.INC＞；PIC16 device specific definitions　　INCLUDE＜MATH16.INC＞ ；PIC16 math library definitions；  INCLUDE＜MATH16.MAC＞ ；PIC16 elementary function macros　　#include″p16c711.inc″；；Start at the reset vector　　org 0×3ff　　goto begin　　org 0×000；First to initialize the chipbegin    clrf    STATUS　　clrf    TMRO　　call    initial　　goto    main；；Start at intteruput vector　　org 0×04　　MOVWF  w_temp　　SWAPF  STATUS，W　　CLRF   STATUS　　MOVWF  status_temp　　MOVF   PCLATH，W<!-- SIPO <DP n="7"> --><dp n="d7"/>　　MOVWF   pclath_temp　　CLRF    PCLATH；SERVICE PROGRAM　　btfsc INTCON，TOIF；TMRO OVERFLOW　　bcf INTCON，TOIF；　　clrwdt：RETURN FROM INTTERRUPT SERVICE PROGRAM　　MOVF    pclath_temp，W　　MOVWF   PCLATH　　SWAPF   status_temp，W　　MOVWF   STATUS　　SWAPF   w_temp，F　　SWAPF   w_temp，W　　btfss   status_temp，Z　　bcf STATUS，Z　　btfsc   status_temp，Z　　bsf STATUS，Z　　return；；****************************************************************；The following is the initialized procedure；****************************************************************initial clrf    PORTA　　clrf    PORTB；For define the OPTION　　bsf STATUS，RPO　　movlw  b’00000111’　　movwf  OPTION REG　　bcf STATUS，RPO　　clrf   TMRO　　bsf STATUS，RPO<!-- SIPO <DP n="8"> --><dp n="d8"/>　　movlw  OPTION_VAL　　movwf  OPTION_REG；For I/O ports design　　movlw  TRISA_VAL　　movwf  TRISA　　movlw  TRISB_VAL　　movwf  TRISB；For intcon setup　　bcf STATUS，RPO　　movlw  INTCON_VAL　　movwf  INTCON；For A/D setup　　bsf STATUS，RPO　　clrf  ADCON1　　bcf STATUS，RPO；　　clrf    state　　retlw   0；****************************************************************；The following is the main procedure；****************************************************************delay    clrwdt　　clrf    TMRO　　decfsz  delay_val，f　　goto    delay　　retlw   0；----------------------------------------------------------------error_1 movlw  0×ff　　movwf  AARGBOE_1 bcf PORTB，led　　call    delay　　call    delay<!-- SIPO <DP n="9"> --><dp n="d9"/>　　call    delay　　call    delay　　decfsz AARGBO，F　　goto    E_1　　bsf PORTB，led　　movlw    0×ff　　movwf AARGBOE_2 call    delay　　call    delay　　call    delay　　call    delay　　decfsz  AARGBO，F　　goto    E_2　　retlw   0；----------------------------------------------------------------adc_ini movlw   b’00000001’　　movwf    ADCONO　　btfsc    state，0　　bsf ADCONO，CHSO　　btfsc    state，1　　bsf ADCONO，CHS1；　　bsf STATUS，RPO　　bcf STATUS，RPO　　bsf INTCON，ADIE　　bsf INTCON，GIE；　　bsf ADCONO，GOadccomp btfss ADCONO，ADIF　　goto    adccomp　　bcf ADCONO，ADIF　　retlw    0<!-- SIPO <DP n="10"> --><dp n="d10"/>；---------------------------------------------------------------------；*********************************************************************；can not charging the battery，regulate the max_curr setupuncharg bcf STATUS，C　　rrf max_curr，F　　bcf STATUS，C　　rrf max_curr，F　　bcf STATUS，C　　rrf max_curr，F　　movf    max_curr，W　　sublw   0×02　　btfss   STATUS，C　　goto    u_1　　movlw   0×02　　movwf   max_curru_1 movlw   0×0a　　movwf   s_mod　　goto    loop_0；*********************************************************************main    clrf    STATUS；First to detect the battery ON or OFF　　clrf    PORTBbat_t    bcf state，0　　bcf state，1　　call    adc_ini　　movf    ADRES，W　　sublw   0×19      ；larger than 0.5V？　　btfss   STATUS，C　　goto    step_1　　call    error_1　　goto    bat_t；to decide the battery style<!-- SIPO <DP n="11"> --><dp n="d11"/>step_1  bcf state，2  ；marking for not lion style　　movf    ADRES，W　　sublw   0×6b     ；larger than 2.1V？　　btfsc   STATUS，C　　bsf state，2      ；marking for lion style　　bcf PORTB，led    ；marking for charging state　　movlw   0×0a　　movwf   delay_val　　call    delay；For step 2 to test temperure & maximum modstep_2  bsf state，0　　bsf state，1　　call    adc_ini　　movf    ADRES，W　　movwf   max_curr    ；Store the maximum charging current the power can suply；　　movlw   0×0a　　movwf   delay_val　　call    delay　　bcf state，0　　bsf state，1　　call    adc_ini　　bsf state，3        ；marking can charged eneble　　movf    ADRES，W　　sublw   0×cd      ；larger than 4V？that is the tempture less than 10cc　　btfss   STATUS，C　　bcf state，3        ；marking can not charged eneble；；The following for deal with charging prodcedurestep_3  btfss    state，3　　goto    uncharg；can charging the battery<!-- SIPO <DP n="12"> --><dp n="d12"/>　　movlw    0×0a　　movwf    s_modloop_0 movf  s_mod，W　　movwf  work_mod　　movlw  0×fa　　movwf  timer_1loop_1  movf    work_mod，W　　sublw  0×ff　　movwf  work_stop1　　bcf STATUS，C　　rrf work_stop1，W　　movwf    work_stop1　　movwf    work_stop2loop_2  bcf PORTB，dis　　bcf PORTB，led　　bsf PORTB，mod　　movlw    0×50　　movwf    delay_val　　call     delay　　decfsz   work_mod，F　　goto     loop_2　　decf     timer_1，F；************************************************************step_4 bcf PORTB，mod　　bcf PORTB，led　　movlw    0×0a　　movwf    work_disloop_3 bcf PORTB，mod　　bcf PORTB，led　　movlw    0×0a　　movwf    delay_val　　call     delay<!-- SIPO <DP n="13"> --><dp n="d13"/>　　decfsz  work_stop1，F　　goto    loop_3loop_4  bsf PORTB，dis　　bcf PORTB，led　　clrwdt　　clrf    TMRO　　decfsz  work_dis，F　　goto    loop_4　　bcf PORTB，disloop_5  bcf PORTB，mod　　bcf PORTB，led　　movlw   0×0a　　movwf   delay_val　　call    delay　　decfsz  work_stop2，F　　goto    loop_5；****************************************************************　　movf    timer_1，W　　xorlw   0　　btfsc   STATUS，Z　　goto    loop_new　　movf    s_mod，W　　movwf   work_mod　　goto    loop_1loop_new；To test the battery ON or OFF　　bcf state，0　　bcf state，1　　call    adc_ini　　movf    ADRES，W　　sublw   0×19        ；larger than 0.5V？　　btfsc   STATUS，C<!-- SIPO <DP n="14"> --><dp n="d14"/>　　goto    bat_t；****************************************************************　　btfsc   state，2　　goto    lion　　movf    ADRES，W　　sublw   0×b9        ；(3.6v)29.6V arrive？　　btfss   STATUS，C　　goto    NO_LION_COM　　goto    continulion    movf   ADRES，W　　sublw   0×6c        ；2.1v(4.2V)arrive？　　btfss   STATUS，C　　goto    LION_COMcontinu btfsc state，3　　goto     contt；*****************can charging fast？*******************************　　bcf state，0　　bsf state，1　　call    adc_ini　　movf    ADRES，W　　sublw   0×cd      ；larger than 4V？that is the tempture less than 10cc　　btfsc   STATUS，C　　goto    main；contt    movf    s_mod，W　　subwf   max_curr，W　　btfsc   STATUS，C　　goto    admod　　movf    s_mod，W　　xorlw   0×01<!-- SIPO <DP n="15"> --><dp n="d15"/>　　btfsc   STATUS，Z　　goto    loop_0　　decf    s_mod，F　　goto    loop_0admod    movf    s_mod，W　　xorlw   0×fa　　btfsc   STATUS，Z　　goto    loop_0　　incf    s_mod，F　　goto    loop_0；------------following marking the LION battery charging complete---------LION_COM；************************************************************************************　　bsf PORTB，led　　bcf PORTB，mod　　bcf PORTB，disEloop_0 movf  s_mod，W　　movwf  work_mod　　movlw  0×0a　　movwf  timer_1Eloop_1 movf  work_mod，W　　sublw  0×ff　　movwf  work_stop1Eloop_2 bcf PORTB，dis　　bsf PORTB，led　　bsf PORTB，mod　　movlw  0×50　　movwf  delay_val　　call   delay　　decfsz work_mod，F　　goto   Eloop_2　　decf   timer_1，F<!-- SIPO <DP n="16"> --><dp n="d16"/>；Eloop_3 bcf PORTB，mod　　bsf PORTB，led　　movlw    0×0a　　movwf    delay_val　　call     delay　　decfsz   work_stop1，F　　goto     Eloop_3　　bcf PORTB，dis；To test the battery ON or OFF　　bcf state，0　　bcf state，1　　call     adc_ini　　movf     ADRES，W　　sublw    0×19       ；larger than 0.5V？　　btfsc    STATUS，C　　goto     bat_t；****************************************************************　　movf     timer_1，W　　xorlw    0　　btfsc    STATUS，Z　　goto     Eloop_new　　movf     s_mod，W　　movwf    work_mod　　goto     Eloop_1Eloop_new　　movf     ADRES，W　　sublw    0×6c        ；(2.1v)4.2V arrive？　　btfsc    STATUS，C　　goto     Eadmod　　movf     s_mod，W　　xorlw    0×01<!-- SIPO <DP n="17"> --><dp n="d17"/>　　btfsc    STATUS，Z　　goto     Eloop_0　　decf     s_mod，F　　goto     Eloop_0Eadmod    movf    s_mod，W　　xorlw    0×fa　　btfsc    STATUS，Z　　goto     Eloop_0　　incf     s_mod，F　　goto     Eloop_0；*******************************************************************************；------------following marking the NO_LION battery charging complete----------NO_LION_COM　　bcf PORTB，led　　bcf PORTB，mod　　bcf PORTB，dis　　movf     s_mod，W　　sublw    0×20　　btfss    STATUS，C　　goto     fff　　btfsc    STATUS，Z　　goto     fff　　bcf STATUS，C　　rlf s_mod，F　　bcf STATUS，C　　rlf s_mod，F　　bcf STATUS，C　　rlf s_mod，F　　goto    Cloop_0fff movlw   0×e0　　movwf   s_mod<!-- SIPO <DP n="18"> --><dp n="d18"/>；Cloop_0 movf    s_mod，W　　movwf    work_mod　　movlw    0×04　　movwf    timer_1Cloop_1 movf    work_mod，W　　sublw    0×ff　　movwf    work_stop1Cloop_2 bcf PORTB，dis　　bof PORTB，led　　bsf PORTB，mod　　movlw    0×0a　　movwf    delay_val　　call     delay　　decfsz   work_mod，F　　goto     Cloop_2　　decfsz   timer_1，F　　goto     Cstep_4　　bsf state，0     ；testing the charging current　　bcf state，1　　call    adc_ini　　bcf PORTB，mod；；this part used to compute the charging current with result W；**************************************************************　　movf    ADRES，W　　movwf   AARGBO　　movf    s_mod，W　　movwf   BARGBO　　call    FXM0808U　　movlw   0×ff<!-- SIPO <DP n="19"> --><dp n="d19"/>　　movwf   BARGBO　　call    FXD1608U；************************************************************　　movf    AARGB1，W　　sublw   0×02　　btfss   STATUS，C　　goto    Cstep_4；************************************************************　　bsf PORTB，led　　bcf PORTB，dis　　bcf PORTB，mod　　movlw    0×07　　subwf    work_stop1，F；d_0 movlw    0×0a　　movwf    delay_val　　call     delay　　decfsz   work_stop1，F　　goto     d_0；------------following marking chaging complete-----------Dloop_0 movf    s_mod，W　　movwf    work_mod　　movlw    0×04　　movwf    timer_1Dloop_1 movf    work_mod，W　　sublw    0×ff　　movwf    work_stop1　　movf     work_mod，W　　xorlw    0×00　　btfsc    STATUS，Z　　goto     Dloop_3Dloop_2 bcf PORTB，dis<!-- SIPO <DP n="20"> --><dp n="d20"/>　　bsf PORTB，mod　　movlw    0×0a　　movwf    delay_val　　call     delay　　decfsz   work_mod，F　　goto     Dloop_2；Dloop_3 bcf PORTB，mod　　movlw    0×0a　　movwf    delay_val　　call     delay　　decfsz   work_stop1，F　　goto     Dloop_3　　bcf PORTB，dis；To test the battery ON or OFF　　bcf state，0　　bcf state，1　　call    adc_ini　　movf    ADRES，W　　sublw   0×19      ；larger than 0.5V？　　btfsc   STATUS，C　　goto    bat_t；**********************************************************************；　　decf    timer_1，F　　movf    timer_1，W　　xorlw   0×00　　btfsc   STATUS，Z　　goto    Dloop_new　　movf    s_mod，W　　movwf   work_mod　　goto    Dloop_1<!-- SIPO <DP n="21"> --><dp n="d21"/>Dloop_new　　movf    ADRES，W　　sublw   0xad        ；(3.3v)27.6V arrive？　　btfsc   STATUS，C　　goto    Dadmod　　movf    s_mod，W　　xorlw   0×00　　btfsc   STATUS，Z　　goto    Dloop_0　　decf    s_mod，F　　goto    Dloop_0Dadmod movf  s_mod，W　　xorlw   0×fa　　btfsc   STATUS，Z　　goto    Dloop_0　　incf    s_mod，F　　goto    Dloop_0；**********************************************************Cstep_4 movf    timer_1，W　　xorlw   0×00　　btfss   STATUS，Z　　goto    tt_reg　　movlw   0×07　　subwf   work_stop1，Ftt_reg bcf PORTB，mod　　bcf PORTB，led　　bcf PORTB，disd_1 movlw   0×0a　　movwf   delay val　　call    delay　　decfsz  work_stop1，F　　goto    d_1<!-- SIPO <DP n="22"> --><dp n="d22"/>；；To test the battery ON or OFF　　bcf state，0　　bcf state，1　　call    adc_ini　　movf    ADRES，W　　sublw   0×19         ；larger than 0.5V？　　btfsc   STATUS，C　　goto    bat_t；*******************************************************************；　　movf    timer_1，W　　xorlw   0　　btfsc   STATUS，Z　　goto    Cloop_new　　movf    s_mod，W　　movwf   work_mod　　goto    Cloop_1Cloop_new　　movf    ADRES，W　　sublw   0×b9        ；(3.6v)29.6V arrive？　　btfsc   STATUS，C　　goto    Cadmod　　movf    s_mod，W　　xorlw   0×01　　btfsc   STATUS，Z　　goto    Cloop_0　　decf    s_mod，F　　goto    Cloop_0Cadmod  movf    s_mod，W　　xorlw   0×fa<!-- SIPO <DP n="23"> --><dp n="d23"/>　　btfsc   STATUS，Z　　goto    Cloop_0　　incf    s_mod，F　　goto    Cloop_0；ADD & SUB SUBROUTINE(AARGBO，1 BARGO，1 TO AARGBO，1；*******************************************************************************************ADD MOVF    BARGB1，W　　ADDWF   AARGB1，F　　MOVF    BARGBO，W　　BTFSC   STATUS，C　　INCFSZ  BARGBO，W　　ADDWF   AARGBO，F　　RETURNSUB  MOVF   BARGB1，W　　SUBWF   AARGB1，F　　MOVF    BARGBO，W　　BTFSS   STATUS，C　　INCFSZ  BARGBO，W　　SUBWF   AARGBO，F　　RETURN；********************************************************************************************　　INCLUDE＜FXM88.A16＞；　　INCLUDE＜FXD68.A16＞；********************************************************************************************　　end

In the such scheme, hardware is for possessing analog to digital converter more than three tunnel, input/output port more than four tunnel, the single-chip microcomputer of program storage, its model are PIC12C671, PIC12C672, PIC12C673, PIC12C674, PIC16C71, PIC16C72, PIC16C72A, PIC16CR71, PIC16C73, PIC16C73A, PIC16C74, PIC16C74A, PIC16C74B, PIC16C76, PIC16C77, PIC16C710, PIC16C711, PIC16C712, PIC16C715, PIC16C716, PIC16C717, MDT2051, MDT2051A, MDT1051, MDT1051A.

Inventor of the present invention has spent considerable energy to study the characteristic of all kinds batteries, wherein start with from the dynamic characteristic of battery emphatically, tested great deal of experiment data, we not only can know the relation of the internal resistance of cell and battery capacity from the dynamic property of battery, and the easy battery types of from dynamic process, correctly distinguishing different cultivars, it should be noted that said dynamic process not only refers to charging process, also comprises the discharge process of battery here.These achievements in research can help us to design the charge control method of our uniqueness, and the main conclusions that wherein draw are that battery charge (or discharge) is the process of a battery character with this process dynamic change.

The main Points of our control method is described respectively below:

1) total body controlling means:

We have adopted positive and negative (comprising 0 pulse) pulse (being the negative pulse technology) as the control waveform that discharges and recharges to battery, and wherein positive pulse is a charging pulse, and negative pulse is a discharge pulse, and 0 is interpulse interpulse in charge and discharge, the stand-down that expression discharges and recharges.In fact, might time span be 0 all in the control procedure that above-mentioned three kinds of pulses are said in the back, such as, the time cycle of 0 pulse and negative pulse is 0 o'clock, our overall control waveform emulation pressure limiting charge mode; And specific assembled pulse form can emulation be a constant current charge etc.In a word, can nearly all charge waveforms and the charge mode of emulation by adjusting this waveform; And negative pulse (also claiming discharge pulse) has been recharged the unpolarized important method that generally acknowledge in the control field, no matter because be which type of charging technique, but will obviously descend in the later stage of battery charge battery ability to accept, the inevitable memory effect that causes little current working mode easily of the result that charging current descends thereupon obviously influences the use of battery; Yet the charge controlling chip of producing in many other semiconductor producers does not comprise negative pulse or thinks to select, and therefore also to want ben here be that negative pulse is indispensable necessary condition in our method.Because negative pulse not only will be finished depolarising and eliminate memory effect in our charging task also will be finished test assignment, in our method, detect the internal resistance variation of battery by discharge pulse, and then the variation of tracking battery capacity etc.

2) information of Cai Jiing:

In the method, our information of gathering comprises: the charging current size during the positive pulse and over time; Discharging current during the negative pulse and over time the amount; Battery temperature and over time the amount; Cell voltage and over time the amount.These information are that we are used to the firsthand material learning and control, by internal resistance that can estimating battery to their analysis, and then calculate battery present located state etc.; In our control technology, will be simultaneously to a plurality of variation-trackings, because the result of unitary variant inevitable in some cases (particularly the variable of being paid close attention to not as expectation situation about occurring as scheduled like that) meeting appearance overcharging to battery, the performance of grievous injury battery is so we require and must multivariable follow the tracks of.These variablees comprise three kinds, the one, and the cell voltage class is followed the tracks of; The 2nd, the battery temperature class is followed the tracks of; The 3rd, the time class is followed the tracks of.Discuss respectively below:

(1) the cell voltage class is followed the tracks of, and comprises the ceiling voltage (referring to the voltage that all can not surpass under any condition) of battery; (positive slope is represented the rate of climb of cell voltage to the variation slope of cell voltage; And descending slope often refers to the negative increment that cell voltage occurs, promptly-and Δ V; And zero slope represents that the voltage of battery does not change, i.e. 0 Δ V), these conditions all are the termination conditions of quickly charging battery, wherein any one condition occurs stopping quick charge, this is that character by battery is determined fully, the quick growth that most batteries all show voltage in the later stage of charging, and negative slope or zero slope show that battery has the behavior that overcharges;

(2) the battery temperature class is followed the tracks of, the maximum temperature that comprises battery, the relative temperature of comparing with ambient temperature changes and the variations in temperature slope, the reason that battery temperature raises battery often overcharges, certainly allowable temperature has certain rising battery charge the time, but definitely can not surpass absolute maximum temperature, this mainly is based on the consideration of cell safety.Wherein the variation of temperature slope also is that the rapid variation of battery temperature should stop the quick charge process in the later stage of charging;

(3) class is followed the tracks of the time, comprises the control in long charging interval.The longest charging interval is depended on the current state of battery and present charging current, wherein related to this is the internal resistance of battery and the variation of capacity.

3) be full of judgment rule:

The judgement whether rechargeable battery has been full of in charging process is the important indicator of charger, if battery underfill and misjudge to being full of and will cause battery to owe to fill then will cause over-charging of battery conversely, either way there is significant impact in the life-span to battery.

Integrate, judgment rule has following several:

Timing controlled; . voltage control (contains ceiling voltage; Negative increment of voltage; Voltage zero increment etc.); Temperature control (comprises maximum temperature, maximum temperaturerise; Rate of temperature change etc.); . Current Control etc.This method adopts comprehensive determination methods, each index is followed the tracks of, and keep the score respectively by the requirement of principles of fuzzy mathematics, makes best judgement according to confidence level.In the detection of battery status or tracking parameter, how to guarantee that the accuracy of judging is a key point that can charge controlling chip correctly work.Battery charge is a typical nonlinear process; often having some false phenomenons in this process occurs; how in these phenomenons, to remove the true and false; our method is to have adopted fuzzy control technology; take confidence level to investigate to every kind of phenomenon; when these phenomenons are true time really, take appropriate measures, otherwise then ignore.

The following describes characteristics of the present invention:

(1) the present invention can dynamically adjust each parameter value of charging pulse adaptively, makes the current charging and discharging curve of battery charge curve and battery consistent, owing to this curve changes, so charging pulse also is constantly variation and adjusts;

(2) stop the charging strategy owing to adopted principles of fuzzy mathematics, charger to have reliable and stable characteristics, make the unlikely misjudgement of charging, thereby increase substantially the reliability of charger;

(3) the present invention does not require battery types, that is to say that this charging technique can be simultaneously to plumbic acid, cadmium nickel, silver-colored zinc, hydrogen nickel or lithium cell charging, and charging effect is not because the difference of battery types and difference to some extent;

(4) further, the present invention does not require the current state of battery yet, promptly as long as battery does not have short circuit or opens circuit, can charge normal battery, so this charging technique also can have the function of recovering or curing to the battery that performance descends to some extent;

Owing to adopted self-adaptation control method, battery there is not injury, 4 points above going up more, present technique can prolong the useful life of battery.

Angle from the charge controlling chip product compares chip and the chip of putting down in writing in the book of " intelligent quick charger design and fabrication " (Wang Honglin etc., Science Press, 1998) of the present invention as follows below:

1, compares with ICS1700

The built-in microprocessor of ICS1700, the encapsulation of 16 pin, the charged state of energy monitoring battery possesses the pulse of discharging and recharging etc., compares with chip of the present invention, and following difference is arranged:

(1) ICS1700 has charge waveforms, but not dynamic change, and chip of the present invention is passable;

(2) possess the thermometric ability, do not change but do not calculate temperature rise, and chip of the present invention will calculate; And ICS1700 is only interested in high temperature, the situation that is lower than 10 ℃ is not processed, and chip of the present invention will be done;

(3) ICS1700 fills at the very start soon, is inappropriate, charging process quick charge and maintenance two stages of charging, and chip of the present invention possesses 4 stages;

(4) ICS1700 is used for hydrogen nickel and ickel-cadmium cell charging, does not possess automatic recognition capability, and fast charging current is fixed, and needs switch transition, and chip of the present invention does not have this shortcoming.

2, compare with UT550

The built-in microprocessor of UT550, the encapsulation of 28 pin can realize hydrogen nickel, the quick charge of ickel-cadmium cell intelligence are compared with chip of the present invention, and following difference is arranged:

(1) UT550 has 4 stages of the charging similar to chip of the present invention, but UT550 does not possess adaptation function.Promptly not according to the flow process in 4 stages of battery status adjustment charging, and the control of employing time adds empirical data control, and is improper;

(2) UT550 possesses the stronger judgement that is full of, and promptly has-Δ V, 0 Δ V, Δ V/ Δ t, Vmax, Δ T/ Δ t, Tmax detect, but do not possess the such fuzzy judgement ability of chip of the present invention;

(3) the method difference of elimination memory effect, UT550 adopts thoroughly discharge, not exclusively discharges, and repetitious method is done, chip of the present invention is then taked thoroughly not discharge, utilize high current charge-discharge, thereby stir battery electrolyte to eliminate the method for memory effect, efficient is much higher;

(4) the method difference of electric weight indication, UT550 adopts single voltage or time as foundation, and chip of the present invention is in addition, can also Calculation Method obtain capacity and electric quantity indication function, thus chip of the present invention science etc. more.

3, compare with MAX2003

MAX2003 is the new product of MAXIM company behind MAX712/713, the encapsulation of 16 pin, and interchangeable with BQ2003, performance is better than MAX712/713.MAX2003 takes five kinds to stop fast charge method: battery temperature rate of change, cell voltage negative increment, battery maximum temperature, battery ceiling voltage and the longest charging interval.Compare with chip of the present invention, following difference arranged:

(1) though MAX2003 has 5 kinds of methodfor immediate terminations, what chip of the present invention was different is to have taked the fuzzy Judgment criterion, and who arrives first condition and just according to whose method differs widely with MAX2003.Chip of the present invention is more reliable, because in the above-mentioned several method, every kind of method all may be an error signal;

(2) MAX2003 eliminates accumulating method and takes the method for discharge earlier, might not eliminate memory effect fully, and chip method difference of the present invention;

(3) after the temperature detection to being untreated below 10 ℃;

(4) the MAX2003 charging pulse is fixed, and chip of the present invention is dynamic change.

4, compare with BQ2002

BQ2002 is the most cheap in the external product, has only the encapsulation of 8 pin, compares with chip of the present invention, and following difference is arranged:

(1) the charging state of a control has 3, promptly fill, supply charging and trickle charge soon, but process does not automatically switch;

(2) temperature survey is arranged, but to not processing below 10 ℃;

(3) the BQ2002 charging pulse is fixed, and does not do dynamic change;

(4) BQ2002 mainly take-method that Δ V, the longest charging interval, battery maximum temperature, variations in temperature speed stop judges and whether is full of that the fuzzy Judgment criterion of chip of the present invention etc. is not arranged.

5, compare with TEA1100/1101

TEA1100/1101 is the encapsulation of 16 pin, has compared following different with chip of the present invention:

(1) TEA1100/1101 employing-Δ V detects (TEA1101 adopts 0 Δ V to detect), and digital filtering and no current voltage detection method are judged battery full charge state, and chip of the present invention possesses equally, is as one of them foundation of full charge these variablees;

(2) TEA1100/1101 can thermometric, and only this as a kind of protection.The same thermometric of chip of the present invention, but temperature has two purposes, the one, be full of one of foundation; The 2nd, the protection battery, and than TEA1100/1101 more comprehensively, because handled state below 10 ℃;

(3) TEA1100/1101 charging interval, charge cycle can be adjusted, but are dynamic changes unlike chip of the present invention;

(4) TEA1100/1101 enters trickle charge automatically when cell voltage is low excessively, too high or too low for temperature, and chip of the present invention is one and comprehensively judges, unlike the single judgement of TEA1100/1101 etc.

6, other further do not compare at this as the difference with chip of the present invention such as MAX712/713, because some is not as good as IC above-mentioned.In addition, IC more above-mentioned all do not have the ability that battery types is automatically judged, the charger of being made by these IC is only to one type battery charge, and chip of the present invention is to judge automatically.In addition, the control IC such as the UC3906 (16 pin) of lead-acid battery special use do not done further comparison yet, because do not possess three big characteristics of chip of the present invention: self adaptation is adjusted charging current, is familiar with battery behavior; The fuzzy criterion that is full of; The automatic judgement of battery types etc.

7, with the comparison of lithium ion cell charging controller:

This quasi-controller has LM3402, MC33346, BQ2504 etc., summary is got up, above-mentioned several IC all has strong specificity, all adopt constant current/constant voltage (or pressure limiting) charging modes, and chip of the present invention is in the lithium ion battery safe range, creatively adopted the pulse current charge scheme, thereby improved charge efficiency widely, the charging interval shortens greatly.

8, other charging control IC

Some charge controller need connect microprocessor and realize variation able to programme, but cost is too high, does not do further relatively with chip of the present invention.

In sum, the several below aspects of the present invention have advantage:

● technological merit

1) the multivariable tracking technique has guaranteed the source of needed all parameters of chip; 2) the fuzzy mathematics principle has guaranteed reliable termination quick charge process; 3) can make things convenient for the current state of chip identification battery to the tracking of internal resistance of cell parameter; 4) but change and ability to accept strictness principle exponentially during the adaptive tracing battery charge that causes based on internal resistance, but promptly charge waveforms also is core of the present invention from motion tracking battery ability to accept curve.

● feature performance benefit

The charger that adopts the present invention to realize has: 1) can reliably stop the quick charge process; 2) owing to have four processes such as preliminary filling of charging, finally can guarantee the degree of filling of charger; 3) owing to adopted negative pulse technology etc., can guarantee the charge efficiency of charger; 4) internal resistance that detects battery in charging process changes and can predict the current state of battery, thus guaranteed battery life parameter should be arranged; 5) in the entire machine design of charger, owing to the independence of chip design and power supply design, can simplify the design and the process of the test of charger, be particularly suitable for the direction of modem electronic circuitry design, can guarantee to go out product soon, gone out the purpose of product etc.

Be described in further detail the present invention below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.

Fig. 1 is that software is given the chip new function pin figure that charges.

Fig. 2 is a software program flow process block diagram.

Embodiment one

Adaptive charge controlling chip partly is made up of hardware and software two, and hardware is PIC12C671 type single-chip microcomputer, its pin figure as shown in Figure 1, the former function of each pin of chip is not as follows when injecting computer program: pin 1 is a power positive end; Pin 2 is multi-functional I/O (I/O) end, binary I/O mouth, vibration input, the input of clock source; Pin 3 is multi-functional I/O end, binary I/O mouth, vibration input, the output of clock source, analog input; Pin 4 is the multi-function terminal input, master reset, program-controlled voltage input; Pin 5 is multi-functional I/O end, binary I/O mouth, interruption input, analog input; Pin 6 is multi-functional I/O end, binary I/O mouth, the program control interruption of serial and watchdog timer, analog input; Pin 7 is multi-functional I/O end, binary I/O mouth, serial programmable data, analog input; Pin 8 is a power supply negative terminal.Each pin function is as follows after injecting computer program shown in Figure 2: VCC: power supply positive voltage, this supply voltage scope are 2V ∽ 6V, and the typical case uses 5v; GND: power supply negative terminal, ground connection; MOD: charging control output, adjust the impulse waveform of this pin by self adaptation, reach the control quickly charging battery; Supply the different mode of charging and trickle charge; DIS: special-purpose discharge control pin, when eliminating the battery polarization effect, needs act on, be not output as low level in case of necessity and there is this; BAT: cell voltage sampling input.After the battery voltage process outer meeting resistance dividing potential drop, insert this pin.The voltage that requires this pin of access is the cell voltage (divider resistance is finished) of forming battery pack; TC: charging current sampling input; LED/MCC: (except drawing separately) had two functions when this pin encapsulated at 8 pin, and MCC refers to import by external divider resistance the maximum charging current (only effective at powered on moment) of this charger; LED is used to indicate the operating state of charger, and low level is effective, and when charger was in quick charge, this pin was low always; Supply when charging when charger is in, this pin level slowly changes between high level and low level; And charger then flashes the prompting user when being in malfunction fast, stops charging simultaneously and eliminates up to fault.CS: be sheet choosing/synchronous end, high level work, low level is stopped.This end is used for when synchronous, can be used in to be convenient to control under the equalizing charge situation.

Learn from the function pin of former chip, pin as 2,3,5,6,7 all is two-way I/O mouth, promptly can be used as the input signal use and also can be used as output control, the transformation of chip functions, depend on inner operation sequence fully, also just determined the function of chip behind the program injection chip.When former chip does not have program, be that any function does not all have.Even any top grade or low-grade single-chip microcomputer have only and injected the corresponding work program, can reach function corresponding.

After this chip injected intelligent charge control program shown in Figure 2, its function was:

Three tunnel analog signals (TC, BAT, MCC) enter mould/number conversion by program control timesharing scanning, and by the foundation that the data that quantize are calculated as program, the result who calculates enters in the corresponding stage program as program again and brings into play function corresponding.During to different phase, the data of reading in produce different effects to the battery of different individual characteies and program running.In the incipient stage, the data of reading in are as judging that battery is whether in the normal place in circuit; The data of reading in pre-charge state are the foundations that is provided with as various parameters; Set parameter is revised filling the data of reading in the stage soon, and effectively controlled output control terminal work.In brief, the various functions of charging control end (MOD) and discharge control end (DIS) and faulty indication end are all imported in conjunction with determining after the corresponding formulas computing according to three circuit-switched data.

As can be seen from Fig. 2, check behind the program start whether fault is arranged, judge that promptly battery inserts and do not have, show if there is fault to carry out fault, program interrupt, wait pending fault to get rid of after, restart.If there is not fault, operating system and software begin to carry out the parameter setting, and the running status of chip is detected, and not unusual, by repeated detection, according to the fuzzy mathematics Statistics, decision-making system is normal, just battery is carried out preliminary filling in other words." maximum duration cessation method " picks up counting simultaneously.The time of pre-charging stage and electric current and other parameter all are by program setting.Precharge finishes to enter " quick charge " stage automatically, just the time parameter of " maximum duration cessation method " is revised simultaneously.The end condition of program repeat detection quick charge satisfies not to be had, and satisfying with not satisfying also is to carry out repeated detection, uses principles of fuzzy mathematics judgement " quick charge " to finish equally.Program running is normal; Chip and external circuit are all no problem, charging just enters " boost charge " stage, the electric current of " boost charge " and various parameter setting during this period, program is adjusted according to temperature, the voltage of battery, satisfies end condition and just enters last " trickle charge ".If " quick charge " has fault to occur in the stage, just judge the end of charging with maximum duration, if in " maximum duration end " mode fault has taken place, program just changes " fault prompting " state over to, waits pending fault to get rid of restart routine.Detection ﹠ Controling and other action all are concurrent execution in above running, some incident is in state of activation always, just begin to carry out from energising as " fault detect ", at every moment running is monitored, and the timing operation is to be in state of activation after precharge always.What chip was total is operated in six states: promptly begin, fault, preliminary filling, fill soon, replenish, tiny stream fills (end).Initial and the end condition of each state (except the initial state) of briefly bright below lead-acid battery and lithium ion battery.

(1) voltage of each cell of lead-acid battery is 2V, and its each state content is:

1. malfunction: whether correct mainly detect battery access charging end, when the open circuit or the short circuit that under any circumstance detect battery, chip stops current working state immediately, enters " fault prompting "; After having only fault to disappear, enter the next stage; Fault detection program is from start to finish all in operation.

2. precharging state: below this state, chip is mainly finished the setting to charge parameter.As the maximum charging current value, and chip will will reach the maximum duty cycle that charge power supply can reach from less pulse duty factor always, and the purpose of doing like this has two: the one, and the performance of check charge power supply; The 2nd, make institute's rechargable battery be in charged state gradually, this behave can guarantee the life parameter of battery.In addition, in the preliminary filling stage, also to finish Preliminary detection to battery capacity, if battery capacity is very high, chip may directly enter tiny stream and fill state (referring to cell voltage has been in battery under this state ceiling voltage), under the general case, chip will detect the percentage of the capacity of battery, fill and enter soon smoothly.

3. quick-charge state: the end condition of this state is that cell voltage is in ceiling voltage or does not reach ceiling voltage and the negative slope variation occurred.The ceiling voltage limit value can be calculated by following formula to be determined: $V_{\mathrm{BAT}\_\mathrm{cut}}=\frac{37}{51}.\mathrm{VCC}$ Vcc voltage value in the following formula is 2.5V～5.5V, and promptly the voltage range at the BAT pin is 1.814V～3.99V.When above-mentioned end condition was not met, the work of chip comprises at first to be revised the longest charging interval value and determines the longest charging interval according to this value in charging process; To stop quick charge under the situation that above-mentioned end condition satisfies yet and enter the boost charge stage when this value has reached, it should be noted, on condition judgment, adopt the principle of fuzzy mathematics, make comprehensive judgement according to the principle of confidence level.Whether produced fault in the quick charge stage still monitoring constantly, if fault occurs entering malfunction.

4. boost charge state: in the boost charge stage, adopt constant voltage control, the detection of battery capacity is activated again, and purpose is in order to detect the result in the quick charge process.If stop because end condition satisfies, the time that result of calculation is charged is as a supplement considered; If stop quick charge because time is up, then do not calculate, directly enter the end condition of considering boost charge and whether satisfy, it is as follows to consider formula: $V_{\mathrm{TC}\_\mathrm{cut}}=\frac{20}{1024}.\mathrm{VCC}=x.V_{\mathrm{TC}}$ The X parameter is the duty ratio of current charge waveforms in the formula, V _TCBe the charging magnitude of voltage (be a real-time measurement values) of charging current on current sampling resistor of moment, the Vcc span is the same to be 2.5V to 5.5V, and the voltage range of TC pin is 0.049V～0.107V.Still monitoring constantly has not fault appearance in this process.

5. trickle charge state: in the trickle charge stage, chip carries out according to the requirement of float charge voltage, and the following formula of final voltage is tried to achieve: $V_{\mathrm{BATfloat}}=\frac{178}{263}\mathrm{VCC}$ Charge waveforms also will be adjusted according to this formula, and fault detect this moment is still being carried out.Vcc span in the formula is the same to be 2.5V to 5.5V, and promptly the voltage range of BAT pin is 1.692V～3.722V.

(2) each monomer battery voltage of lithium ion battery is 3.6V, and its each state is:

1. malfunction: whether correct mainly detect battery access charging end, when the open circuit or the short circuit that under any circumstance detect battery, chip stops current working state immediately, enters " fault prompting "; After having only fault to disappear, enter the next stage.

2. pre-charge state: below this state, chip is mainly finished the setting to charge parameter.As the maximum charging current value, and chip will will reach the maximum duty cycle that charge power supply can reach from less pulse duty factor always, and the purpose of doing like this has two: the one, and the performance of check charge power supply; The 2nd, make institute's rechargable battery be in charged state gradually, this behave can guarantee the life parameter of battery.In addition, in pre-charging stage, also to finish Preliminary detection to battery capacity, if battery capacity is very high, chip may directly enter trickle charge state (referring to cell voltage has been in battery under this state ceiling voltage), under the general case, chip will detect the percentage of the capacity of battery, and enter quick charge smoothly;

3. quick-charge state: the end condition of this state is that cell voltage is in ceiling voltage or does not reach ceiling voltage and the negative slope variation occurred.The ceiling voltage limit value can be calculated by following formula to be determined: $V_{\mathrm{BAT}\_\mathrm{cut}}=\frac{11}{26}.\mathrm{VCC}$ In lithium ion cell charging, the V of cell in the formula _BAT-CUTThe result is controlled at 4.2V, if cell is charged, the Vcc value is 2.5V～5.5V in the following formula, and promptly the voltage range at the BAT pin is 1.058V～2.327V.When above-mentioned end condition was not met, the work of chip comprises at first to be revised the longest charging interval value and determines the longest charging interval according to this value in charging process; To stop quick charge under the situation that above-mentioned end condition satisfies yet and enter the boost charge stage when this value has reached, it should be noted, on condition judgment, adopt the principle of fuzzy mathematics, make comprehensive judgement according to the principle of confidence level.Whether produced fault in the quick charge stage still monitoring constantly, if fault occurs entering malfunction;

4. boost charge state: in the boost charge stage, adopt constant voltage control, the detection of battery capacity is activated again, and purpose is in order to detect the result in the quick charge process.If stop because end condition satisfies, the time that result of calculation is charged is as a supplement considered; If, then do not calculate, directly enter the end condition of considering boost charge, and it is as follows to consider formula because time is up two stops quick charges: $V_{\mathrm{TC}\_\mathrm{cut}}=\frac{20}{1023}\mathrm{Vcc}=x.V_{\mathrm{TC}}$ The X parameter is the duty ratio of current charge waveforms in the formula, V _TCBe the charging magnitude of voltage of charging current on electric six sample resistances of moment, the value of Vcc is the same to be 2.5V to 5.5V, and the voltage range of TC pin is 0.049V～0.108V.Still monitoring constantly has not fault appearance in this process.

5. trickle charge state: in the trickle charge stage, chip carries out according to the requirement of float charge voltage, and the following formula of final voltage is tried to achieve: $V_{\mathrm{BAT}\_\mathrm{cut}}=\frac{11}{26}\mathrm{VCC}$ The value of Vcc is 2.5V to 5.5V in the following formula, and promptly the voltage range of BAT pin is 1.058V～2.327V.Charge waveforms also will be adjusted according to this formula, and fault detect this moment is still being carried out.

Above each initial sum end condition under the charged state of plumbic acid and lithium ion battery just, when batteries dissimilar, different individual characteies inserted charging, concrete parameter was inequality, program is in operation and judges automatically and make corresponding processing.

Claims (4)

1. adaptive charge controlling chip partly is made up of hardware and software two, it is characterized in that hardware be possess analog to digital converter more than three tunnel, the single-chip microcomputer of input/output port, program storage more than four tunnel, software is computer program, its block diagram is as follows:

The initial initial state that enters of chip, whether at first detect has fault to exist; If have, enter fault prompting state, otherwise enter parameter setting and state-detection state, comprise the voltage of battery, internal resistance, capacity, state of temperature carries out a series of parameter setting, comprises the initial setting up in long charging interval; Chip enters the preliminary filling stage then, and the longest charging interval picks up counting simultaneously, and the duty ratio of control charging control pin makes charging current big from little change; Chip enters quick-charge state then, simultaneously maximum duration is revised till this parameter accurately, whether detect each quick charge end condition in addition simultaneously satisfies, if satisfy then carry out maximum duration and judge, if do not reach then continue, otherwise enter the boost charge state, when the quick charge end condition satisfies the boost charge state that then directly enters; Chip carries out the detection of fault then, enter fault prompting state when existing fault then to stop charging, after eliminating, fault enters the preliminary filling stage, if in the quick charge process, do not break down, other condition does not satisfy, then chip continues quick charge, so that condition enters the boost charge state after satisfying; At the boost charge state, detect end condition, if satisfied really then entered the trickle charge state, and inform that by external indicator light the user has been full of a little, if do not break down, the work of chip rests on this, if inoperable chip can reinitialize and work under new condition again, unless have a power failure, Cai the chip power cut-off.

Aforementioned calculation machine program is injected on the program storage in the above-mentioned single-chip microcomputer, promptly obtains adaptive charge controlling chip.

2. adaptive charge controlling chip according to claim 1, it is characterized in that computer program is injected on the program storage in the single-chip microcomputer, making 1 pin in the single-chip microcomputer is the VCC pin, as the power supply positive voltage, this supply voltage scope is 2～6V, and the typical case uses 5V; 2 pin are the MOD pin, as the charging control end, adjust the impulse waveform of this pin by self adaptation, reach the control quickly charging battery, supply the different mode of charging and trickle charge; 3 pin are the DIS pin, as the discharge control end, act on when needs are eliminated the battery polarization effect, are not output as low level in case of necessity and there is this; 4 pin are the CS pin, as the end of sheet choosing/synchronously, and high level work, low level is stopped, and this end is used for can being used in and being convenient to control under the equalizing charge situation when synchronous; 5 pin are the LED/MCC pin, show output as fault, and (except drawing separately) had two functions when this pin encapsulated at 8 pin, and MCC refers to import by external divider resistance the maximum charging current (only effective at powered on moment) of this charger; LED is used to indicate the operating state of charger, and low level is effective, and when charger was in quick charge, this pin was low always; Supply when charging when charger is in, this pin level slowly changes between high level and low level; And charger then flashes the prompting user when being in malfunction fast, stops charging simultaneously and eliminates up to fault; 6 pin are the BAT pin, as the voltage signal input, after the battery voltage process outer meeting resistance dividing potential drop, insert this pin; 7 pin are the TC pin, as the current signal input; 8 pin are the GND pin, as power supply negative terminal, and ground connection;

When chip powered up, computer program was in automatic power-on reset, and the chip selection signal CS of chip is a high level, and software and hardware is in initial operating state, and computer program comes into operation and enters the incipient stage: whether detection is recharged the pond and adds in the circuit; Charging control end MOD and discharge control end DIS are in low level (shutoff), CPU sweep current signal input part TC and voltage signal input BAT, within a certain period of time, repeated multiple times is to the detection of TC and the input of BAT data, principle with fuzzy mathematics method is judged, if TC and BAT do not have the signal input, judge that promptly battery does not add or the battery open circuit, change the fault prompting stage over to; Otherwise change pre-charging stage over to; Fault detection program is from start to finish all in operation;

If computer program has entered the fault prompting stage, fault shows that output MCC/LED is the fault-signal indication, and this indicator light is glittering; After fault was got rid of (shutdown is got rid of), chip powered up once more, can enter pre-charging stage;

In pre-charging stage, computer program carries out state-detection earlier, and this moment, the multiplexer in the hardware circuit entered digital filter by the analog signal of timesharing gating three road TC, BAT, MCC; Eliminate interference and harmonic components in the analog signal input; Analog signal enters A/D converter, the sampling analog signal: cell voltage, battery current, charging voltage is sent into master cpu after quantizing, computer program is according to these digital signals, judge the classification of battery, at first see the voltage range of battery, being lower than 1.8V is the lithium battery type, 1.8V～2V is the lead-acid battery type, 2V～2.4V is a cadmium nickel, the Ni-H cell type, when this method is difficult to distinguish, adopt the method for measuring the internal resistance of cell, internal resistance is cadmium nickel and Ni-H cell less than 5m Ω, being higher than 5m Ω and being lead-acid battery less than 50m Ω, is lithium battery greater than 50m Ω; Carry out the parameter setting according to the classification of battery then, comprise by the maximum charge duty ratio of MCC pin decision, be 97% to the maximum, corresponding MCC voltage is 4.5V, and minimum is 5%, and corresponding MCC voltage is 0.1V; The initial value in long charging interval is decided to be the full value of 16 digit counters, i.e. 65535 timing units, and each unit is 8 instruction cycles, each cycle is with 1/4 decision of the frequency of oscillation that adds; According to the data of three road input end of analog signal, primary Calculation goes out the capacity of battery, in the next stage according to the difference of capacity determines again to charge and enters, if capacity is little, can change the quick charge stage over to; If capacity is big, do not enter the quick charge stage, directly enter the trickle charge stage; When being about to finish pre-charging stage, in order to prevent that hardware data from makeing mistakes and other charging control is out of control, data according to battery, the maximum duration beginning of clocking of charging, this value is not a definite value, is a variable yet, enter different states after, according to sampled data, maximum duration is revised;

In the quick charge stage, hardware circuit carries out pulsating control to MOD, and the cycle of this pulsed is that duty ratio is adjusted according to data input, adds charging quickly, and it is big that duty ratio becomes, otherwise diminish; In charging process, the discharge control end has one " negative pulse " in the centre of following charging pulse, promptly is the control impuls of discharge usefulness, and the cycle of this pulse also changes, be according to the data decision of sample collection; Sampled data is again along carrying out, so sampling, charging, discharge are that intersection is carried out according to the state of battery dynamically after the termination of negative pulse; The end condition of quick charge is that the voltage of BAT pin equals final voltage, and final voltage is to set value according to detected battery variety of initial period and number of batteries in 1.058～3.99V scope; In the quick charge stage, the various parameters of chip after according to battery charge, the longest charging interval is revised, after the BAT data of rechargeable battery are sent into CPU on the other hand, compare with final voltage, the longest charging interval has arrived if end condition satisfies or end condition does not satisfy, and will stop quick charge, enters the boost charge stage;

In the boost charge stage, the control of employing constant voltage, CPU detects the capacity of battery, TC, BAT, MCC analogue data are sent into digital filter by multicircuit switch on the hardware, and again through mould/number conversion, its result sends into the register of CPU, the data of register are by computed in software, whether the result who draws quick charge satisfies the quick charge end condition, if satisfy, just the time of charging is calculated reference quantity as a supplement in time control; If do not satisfy but finish quick charge by time control, no longer carry out Time Calculation, directly investigate the end condition of boost charge, its end condition is that the voltage of TC pin equals final voltage, and final voltage is to set value according to detected battery variety of initial period and number of batteries in 0.049～0.108V scope; Software is carried out and to be read three tunnel analog-to-digital results, with the boost charge end condition relatively, confirm again simultaneously whether replenish timing controlled satisfies, two kinds of conditions being possesseds a kind ofly promptly finish boost charge and enter the trickle charge stage;

In the trickle charge stage, adopt constant voltage charge promptly battery to be carried out floating charge, this moment, chip charged by float charge voltage, its end condition is that the voltage of BAT pin equals final voltage, and final voltage is to set value according to detected battery variety of initial period and number of batteries in 1.058～3.722V scope; When the voltage of battery reaches this set point, charging finishes, and computer program turn-offs MOD end and DIS end, and indicator light LED shows to charge and finishes that computer program stops.

3. adaptive charge controlling chip according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that computer program is as follows:

；*************************************************************； this program used for adaptive control of battery charge；*************************************************************；   list p＝16c711；*************************************************************； Define some used constants；*************************************************************OPTION_VAL equ b’00001111’INTCON_VAL equ b’01100000’TRISA_VAL  equ b’00011111’TRISB_VAL  equ b’00000001’；bat equ 0×00tc  equ 0×01tm  equ 0×02mcc equ 0×03clk_pin equ 0×04；cs equ 0×00sync equ 0×00data_pin equ 0×00；led1    equ 0×01led2    equ 0×02led3    equ 0×03led4    equ 0×04；<!-- SIPO <DP n="4"> --><dp n="c4"/>led equ 0×05mod equ 0×06dis equ 0×07；；*************************************************************；The following defined some registers used to store any datas；；*************************************************************；s_mod        equ 0×21work_mod     equ 0×23data1_bat    equ 0×24data2_bat    equ 0×25max_curr     equ 0×26delay_val    equ 0×27timer_1      equ 0×28timer_2      equ 0×29timer_3      equ 0×2Atimer_4      equ 0×2Bwork_dis     equ 0×2Cwork_stop1   equ 0×22work_stop2   equ 0×2Dw_temp       equ 0×2Estatus_temp  equ 0×2Fpclath_temp  equ 0×30state        equ 0×31；01-------------A/D channel selection；2--------------mark for lion or notlion；3--------------mark can charging or not；*************************************************************<!-- SIPO <DP n="5"> --><dp n="c5"/>；include file　　INCLUDE＜DEV_FAM.INC＞  ；PIC16 device specific definitions　　INCLUDE＜MATH16.INC＞   ；PIC16 math library definitions；  INCLUDE＜MATH16.MAC＞   ；PIC16 elementary function macros　　#include″p16c711.inc″；；Start at the reset vector　　org 0×3ff　　goto  begin　　org 0×000；First to initialize the chipbegin    clrf    STATUS　　clrf    TMRO　　call    initial　　goto    main；Start at intteruput vector　　org 0×04　　MOVWF  w_temp　　SWAPF  STATUS，W　　CLRF   STATUS　　MOVWF  status_temp　　MOVF   PCLATH，W　　MOVWF  pclath_temp　　CLRF   PCLATH；SERVICE PROGRAM　　btfsc  INTCON，TOIF；TMRO OVERFLOW　　bcf INTCON，TOIF；　　clrwdt；RETURN FROM INTTERRUPT SERVICE PROGRAM<!-- SIPO <DP n="6"> --><dp n="c6"/>　　MOVF    pclath_temp，W　　MOVWF   PCLATH　　SWAPF   status_temp，W　　MOVWF   STATUS　　SWAPF   w_temp，F　　SWAPF   w_temp，W　　btfss   status_temp，Z　　bcf STATUS，Z　　btfsc   status_temp，Z　　bsf STATUS，Z　　return；；****************************************************************；The following is the initialized procedure；****************************************************************initial clrf    PORTA　　clrf    PORTB；For define the OPTION　　bsf STATUS，RPO　　movlw    b’00000111’　　movwf    OPTION_REG　　bcf STATUS，RPO　　clrf     TMRO　　bsf STATUS，RPO　　movlw    OPTION_VAL　　movwf    OPTION_REG；For I/O ports design　　movlw    TRISA_VAL　　movwf    TRISA　　movlw    TRISB_VAL　　movwf    TRISB；For intcon setup<!-- SIPO <DP n="7"> --><dp n="c7"/>　　bcf STATUS，RPO　　movlw    INTCON VAL　　movwf    INTCON；For A/D setup　　bsf STATUS，RPO　　clrf    ADCON1　　bcf STATUS，RPO；　　clrf    state　　retlw   0；*************************************************************；The following is the main procedure；*************************************************************delay    clrwdt　　clrf    TMRO　　decfsz  delay_val，f　　goto    delay　　retlw   0；-------------------------------------------------------------error_1 movlw    0×ff　　movwf    AARGBOE_1 bcf PORTB，led　　call    delay　　call    delay　　call    delay　　call    delay　　decfsz  AARGBO，F　　goto    E_1　　bsf PORTB，led　　movlw   0×ff　　movwf   AARGBOE_2 call    delay<!-- SIPO <DP n="8"> --><dp n="c8"/>　　call    delay　　call    delay　　call    delay　　decfsz  AARGBO，F　　goto    E_2　　retlw   0；-------------------------------------------------------------------adc_ini movlw  b’00000001’　　movwf    ADCONO　　btfsc    state，0　　bsf ADCONO，CHSO　　btfsc    state，1　　bsf ADCONO，CHS1；　　bsf STATUS，RPO　　bcf STATUS，RPO　　bsf INTCON，ADIE　　bsf INTCON，GIE　　bsf ADCONO，GOadccomp btfss ADCONO，ADIF　　goto    adccomp　　bcf  ADCONO，ADIF　　retlw   0；-------------------------------------------------------------------；*******************************************************************；can not charging the battery，regulate the max_curr setupuncharg bcf STATUS，C　　rrf max_curr，F　　bcf STATUS，C　　rrf max_curr，F　　bcf STATUS，C<!-- SIPO <DP n="9"> --><dp n="c9"/>　　rrf max_curr，F　　movf     max_curr，W　　sublw    0×02　　btfss    STATUS，C　　goto     u_1　　movlw    0×02　　movwf    max_curru_1 movlw    0×0a　　movwf    s_mod　　goto     loop_0；******************************************************************main    clrf    STATUS；First to detect the battery ON or OFF　　clrf    PORTBbat_t    bcf state，0　　bcf state，1　　call    adc_ini　　movf    ADRES，W　　sublw   0×19       ；larger than 0.5V？　　btfss   STATUS，C　　goto    step_1　　call    error_1　　goto    bat_t；to decide the battery stylestep_1  bcf state，2    ；marking for not lion style　　movf    ADRES，W　　sublw   0×6b       ；larger than 2.1V？　　btfsc   STATUS，C　　bsf state，2        ；marking for lion style　　bcf PORTB，led      ；marking for charging state　　movlw   0×0a　　movwf   delay_val<!-- SIPO <DP n="10"> --><dp n="c10"/>　　call    delay；For step 2 to test temperure & maximum modstep_2  bsf state，0　　bsf state，1　　call    adc_ini　　movf    ADRES，W　　movwf   max_curr    ；Store the maximum charging current the power can suply；　　movlw   0×0a　　mowf    delay_val　　call    delay　　bcf state，0　　bsf state，1　　call    adc_ini　　bsf state，3        ；marking can charged eneble　　movf    ADRES，W　　sublw   0×cd       ；larger than 4V？that is the tempture less than 10cc　　btfss   STATUS，C　　bcf state，3        ；marking can not charged eneble；；The fol lowing for deal with charging prodcedurestep_3  btfss    state，3　　goto    uncharg；can charging the battery　　movlw   0×0a　　movwf   s_modloop_0 movf  s_mod，W　　movwf    work_mod　　movlw    0×fa　　movwf    timer_1loop_1  movf    work_mod，W　　sublw    0×ff<!-- SIPO <DP n="11"> --><dp n="c11"/>　　movwf    work_stop1　　bcf STATUS，C　　rrf work_stop1，W　　movwf    work_stop1　　movwf    work_stop2loop_2  bcf PORTB，dis　　bcf PORTB，led　　bsf PORTB，mod　　movlw    0×50　　movwf    delay_val　　call     delay　　decfsz   work_mod，F　　goto     loop_2　　decf     timer_1，F；***************************************************************step_4  bcf PORTB，mod　　bcf PORTB，led　　movlw    0×0a　　movwf    work_disloop_3  bcf PORTB，mod　　bcf PORTB，led　　movlw    0×0a　　movwf    delay_val　　call     delay　　decfsz   work_stop1，F　　goto     loop_3loop_4  bsf PORTB，dis　　bcf PORTB，led　　clrwdt　　clrf     TMRO　　decfsz   work_dis，F　　goto     loop_4<!-- SIPO <DP n="12"> --><dp n="c12"/>　　bcf PORTB，disloop_5  bcf PORTB，mod　　bcf PORTB，led　　movlw    0×0a　　movwf    delay_val　　call     delay　　decfsz   work_stop2，F　　goto     loop_5；******************************************************************　　movf     timer_1，W　　xorlw    0　　btfsc    STATUS，Z　　goto     loop_new　　movf     s_mod，W　　movwf    work_mod　　goto     loop_1loop_new；To test the battery ON or OFF　　bcf state，0　　bcf state，1　　call    adc_ini　　movf ADRES，W　　sublw   0×19          ；larger than 0.5V？　　btfsc   STATUS，C　　goto    bat_t；***********************************************************　　btfsc   state，2　　goto    lion　　movf    ADRES，W　　sublw   0×b9         ；(3.6v)29.6V arrive？　　btfss   STATUS，C　　goto    NO_LION_COM<!-- SIPO <DP n="13"> --><dp n="c13"/>　　goto    continu；lion    movf    ADRES，W　　sublw   0×6c      ；2.1v(4.2V)arrive？　　btfss   STATUS，C　　goto    LION_COM；continu btfsc    state，3　　goto    contt；*****************can charging fast？*******************************　　bcf state，0　　bsf state，1　　call    adc_ini　　movf    ADRES，W　　sublw   0×cd        ；larger than 4V？that is the tempture less than 10cc　　btfsc   STATUS，C　　goto    main；contt    movf    s_mod，W　　subwf   max_curr，W　　btfsc   STATUS，C　　goto    admod　　movf    s_mod，W　　xorlw   0×01　　btfsc   STATUS，Z　　goto    loop_0　　decf    s_mod，F　　goto    loop_0admod    movf    s_mod，W　　xorlw   0×fa　　btfsc   STATUS，Z　　goto    loop_0<!-- SIPO <DP n="14"> --><dp n="c14"/>　　incf    s_mod，F　　goto    loop_0；------------following marking the LION battery charging complete----------LION_COM；**********************************************************************************　　bsf PORTB，led　　bcf PORTB，mod　　bcf PORTB，disEloop_0 movf    s_mod，W　　movwf    work_mod　　movlw    0×0a　　movwf    timer_1Eloop_1 movf    work_mod，W　　sublw    0×ff　　movwf    work_stop1Eloop_2 bcf PORTB，dis　　bsf PORTB，led　　bsf PORTB，mod　　movlw    0×50　　movwf    delay_val　　call     delay　　decfsz  work_mod，F　　goto     Eloop_2　　decf     timer_1，F；Eloop_3 bcf PORTB，mod　　bsf PORTB，led　　movlw    0×0a　　movwf    delay_val　　call     delay　　decfsz   work_stop1，F　　goto     Eloop_3<!-- SIPO <DP n="15"> --><dp n="c15"/>　　bcf PORTB，dis；To test the battery ON or OFF　　bcf state，0　　bcf state，1　　call    adc_ini　　movf    ADRES，W　　sublw   0×19       ；larger than 0.5V？　　btfsc   STATUS，C　　goto  bat_t；********************************************************************　　movf   timer_1，W　　　xorlw  0　　btfsc  STATUS，Z　　goto   Eloop_new　　movf   s_mod，W　　movwf  work_mod　　goto   Eloop_1Eloop_new　　movf   ADRES，W　　sublw  0×6c       ；(2.1v)4.2V arrive？　　btfsc  STATUS，C　　goto   Eadmod　　movf   s_mod，W　　xorlw  0×01　　btfsc  STATUS，Z　　goto   Eloop_0　　decf   s_mod，F　　goto   Eloop_0Eadmod movf  s_mod，W　　xorlw  0×fa　　btfsc  STATUS，Z　　goto   Eloop_0<!-- SIPO <DP n="16"> --><dp n="c16"/>　　incf    s_mod，F　　goto    Eloop_0；********************************************************************************；------------following marking the NO_LION battery charging complete----------NO_LION_COM　　bcf PORTB，led　　bcf PORTB，mod　　bcf PORTB，dis　　movf    s_mod，W　　　sublw   0×20　　btfss   STATUS，C　　goto    fff　　btfsc   STATUS，Z　　goto    fff　　bcf STATUS，C　　rlf s_mod，F　　bcf STATUS，C　　rlf s_mod，F　　bcf STATUS，C　　rlf s_mod，F　　goto  Cloop_0fff movlw    0×e0　　movwf    s_modCloop_0 movf    s_mod，W　　movwf    work_mod　　movlw    0×04　　movwf    timer_1Cloop_1 movf    work_mod，W　　sublw    0×ff<!-- SIPO <DP n="17"> --><dp n="c17"/>　　movwf    work_stop1Cloop_2 bcf PORTB，dis　　bcf PORTB，led　　bsf PORTB，mod　　movlw    0×0a　　movwf    delay_val　　call     delay　　decfsz   work_mod，F　　goto     Cloop_2　　decfsz   timer_1，F　　goto     Cstep_4　　bsf state，0       ；testing the charging current　　bcf state，1　　call    adc_ini　　bcf PORTB，mod；this part used to compute the charging current with result W；***************************************************************　　movf    ADRES，W　　movwf   AARGBO　　movf    s_mod，W　　movwf   BARGBO　　call    FXM0808U　　movlw   0×ff　　movwf   BARGBO　　call    FXD1608U；***************************************************************　　movf     AARGB1，W　　sublw    0×02　　btfss    STATUS，C　　goto     Cstep_4；***************************************************************<!-- SIPO <DP n="18"> --><dp n="c18"/>　　bsf PORTB，led　　cf PORTB，dis　　bcf PORTB，mod　　movlw    0×07　　subwf    work_stop1，F；d_0 movlw    0×0a　　movwf    delay_val　　call     delay　　decfsz   work_stop1，F　　goto     d_0；------------following marking chaging complete----------Dloop_0 movf    s_mod，W　　movwf    work_mod　　movlw    0×04　　movwf  timer_1Dloop_1 movf    work_mod，W　　sublw    0×ff　　movwf    work_stop1　　movf     work_mod，W　　xorlw    0×00　　btfsc    STATUS，Z　　goto     Dloop_3Dloop_2 bcf PORTB，dis　　bsf PORTB，mod　　movlw    0×0a　　movwf    delay_val　　call     delay　　decfsz   work_mod，F　　goto     Dloop_2；Dloop_3 bcf PORTB，mod<!-- SIPO <DP n="19"> --><dp n="c19"/>　　movlw    0×0a　　movwf    delay_val　　call     delay　　decfsz   work_stop1，F　　goto     Dloop_3　　bcf PORTB，dis；To test the battery ON or OFF　　bcf state，0　　bcf state，1　　call    adc_ini　　movf    ADRES，W　　sublw   0×19       ；larger than 0.5V？　　btfsc   STATUS，C　　goto    bat_t；****************************************************************；　　decf    timer_1，F　　movf    timer_1，W　　xorlw   0×00　　btfsc   STATUS，Z　　goto    Dloop_new　　movf    s_mod，W　　movwf   work_mod　　goto    Dloop_1Dloop_new　　movf ADRES，W　　sublw   0×ad      ；(3.3v)27.6V arrive？　　btfsc   STATUS，C　　goto    Dadmod　　movf    s_mod，W　　xorlw   0×00　　btfsc   STATUS，Z<!-- SIPO <DP n="20"> --><dp n="c20"/>　　goto     Dloop_0　　decf     s_mod，F　　goto     Dloop_0Dadmod  movf    s_mod，W　　xorlw    0×fa　　btfsc    STATUS，Z　　goto     Dloop_0　　incf     s_mod，F　　goto     Dloo_0；**********************************************************Cstep_4 movf    timer_1，W　　xorlw    0×00　　btfss    STATUS，Z　　goto     tt_reg　　movlw    0×07　　subwf    work_stop1，Ftt_reg  bcf PORTB，mod　　bcf PORTB，led　　bcf PORTB，disd_1 movlw    0×0a　　movwf    delay_val　　call     delay　　decfsz   work_stop1，F　　goto     d_1；；To test the battery ON or OFF　　bcf state，0　　bcf state，1　　call    adc_ini　　movf    ADRES，W　　sublw   0×19    ；larger than 0.5V？<!-- SIPO <DP n="21"> --><dp n="c21"/>　　btfsc   STATUS，C　　goto    bat_t；*****************************************************************；　　movf    timer_1，W　　xorlw   0　　btfsc   STATUS，Z　　goto    Cloop_new　　movf    s_mod，W　　movwf   work_mod　　goto    Cloop_1Cloop_new　　movf    ADRES，W　　sublw   0×b9       ；(3.6v)29.6V arrive？　　btfsc   STATUS，C　　goto    Cadmod　　movf    s_mod，W　　xorlw   0×01　　btfsc   STATUS，Z　　goto    Cloop_0　　decf    s_mod，F　　goto    Cloop_0Cadmod  movf    s_mod，W　　xorlw   0×fa　　btfsc   STATUS，Z　　goto    Cloop_0　　incf    s_mod，F　　goto    Cloop_0；ADD & SUB SUBROUTINE(AARGBO，1 BARGO，1 TO AARGBO，1；*****************************************************************************ADD MOVF    BARGB1，W<!-- SIPO <DP n="22"> --><dp n="c22"/>　　ADDWF    AARGB1，F　　MOVF     BARGBO，W　　BTFSC    STATUS，C　　INCFSZ   BARGBO，W　　ADDWF    AARGBO，F　　RETURNSUB MOVF     BARGB1，W　　SUBWF    AARGB1，F　　MOVF     BARGBO，W　　BTFSS    STATUS，C　　INCFSZ   BARGBO，W　　SUBWF    AARGBO，F　　RETURN；****************************************************************************　　INCLUDE＜FXM88.A16＞；　　INCLUDE＜FXD68.A16＞；******************************************************************************　　end

4. adaptive charge controlling chip according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that hardware is for possessing analog to digital converter more than three tunnel, input/output port more than four tunnel, the single-chip microcomputer of program storage, its model are PIC12C671, PIC12C672, PIC12C673, PIC12C674, PIC16C71, PIC16C72, PIC16C72A, PIC16CR71, PIC16C73, PIC16C73A, PIC16C74, PIC16C74A, PIC16C74B, PIC16C76, PIC16C77, PIC16C710, PIC16C711, PIC16C712, PIC16C715, PIC16C716, PIC16C717, MDT2051, MDT2051A, MDT1051, MDT1051A.

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