CN1420359A - High-speed flying body laser speed-measuring method and instrument - Google Patents
High-speed flying body laser speed-measuring method and instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN1420359A CN1420359A CN 02156675 CN02156675A CN1420359A CN 1420359 A CN1420359 A CN 1420359A CN 02156675 CN02156675 CN 02156675 CN 02156675 A CN02156675 A CN 02156675A CN 1420359 A CN1420359 A CN 1420359A
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Abstract
A laser speedometer for high-speed flying object is composed of laser device, beam shaper, splitter, reflectors, focusing lenses, photoelectric converters, low-noise amplifiers, level converters, logic analyzer, digital processor and digital display. Its measuring method is characterized by that the laser beams are reflected to form two laser curtains, when an object flys through them, the electric pulses are generated, and its flying speed can be calculated from the distance between two laser curtains and the time needed by flying through the distance. Its advantages are small size, light weight and low cost.
Description
Technical field
High-speed flight object laser velocimeter method and knotmeter are used to measure bullet, the flying speed of shell T-time, and measure baseball, the softball of doing all one can to launch; The speed of miniature high-speed flyers such as the table tennis of hard smash, shuttlecock.
Background technology
Present employed speed measuring instrumentation carries out velocity survey according to Doppler effect mostly.Its principle is seen shown in Figure 2: high power laser 1 emission laser, be divided into two bundles through beam splitter 12, and one road light beam expands bundle through beam expanding lens 13, shine in the moving object 14, after the reflection of passive movement body surface, focus on, shine on the photoelectric commutator 6 by semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 15 again through object lens 5.Another Shu Jiguang is through semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 15, and being reflected to photelectric receiver 6 becomes reference light.Body surface reflected light and reference light are interfered mutually, form interference fringe.When object of which movement, because Doppler effect must cause moving of interference fringe.Photelectric receiver is delivered to low noise amplifier 7 with the signal that striped moves, and again by the speed that fringe counter 16 is noted down and the analysis striped moves, just can obtain the speed of object of which movement.And send display 11 to show the result.
This kind knotmeter is better for the effect that tests the speed of large-sized low-speed moving objects such as automobile, train, tests the speed for miniature high-speed moving object that then difficulty is bigger.Reason has two: (1) target is difficult for pouncing on catches: Doppler anemometer requires have a branch of illumination to be mapped on the testee, accepts its scattered light and reference light then and interferes mutually, measures movement of objects speed by measuring change of interference fringes.When object less, and movement velocity (for example: the bullet of high-speed flight), target is difficult for pouncing on catches, thereby can't realize testing the speed when higher.(2) when the object flying speed is very high, very high to the response speed requirement of Doppler anemometer, this will increase the cost of knotmeter undoubtedly.For example: only be several millimeters flyer for measuring speed reaches several kilometers of per seconds, size, the price of Doppler anemometer is up to more than 100 ten thousand yuan, and technical sophistication, operation inconvenience, and practicality is very poor.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming above-mentioned deficiency, the present invention has adopted high-speed flight object laser velocimeter method, and has designed a kind of technology high-speed flight object laser velocimeter reliable, easy to use, and the small items that is exclusively used in high-speed flight accurately tests the speed.
High-speed flight object laser velocimeter method of the present invention, be by laser instrument emission laser, behind the optic path light beam, shine in the moving object, through light transmission, electric signal after will being changed by photelectric receiver is sent into low noise amplifier, is analyzed by digital processing unit and resulting chronometric data is converted to the flying speed of object, shows measurement result by display; Be characterised in that it utilizes laser instrument output laser, be shaped as at the vertical direction broadening laser beam as thin as a wafer of horizontal direction compression through the optical shaping device; Form the twice laser screen by two mirror reflects respectively; When the miniature high-speed flyer successively passes through this twice light curtain, carrying out light according to routine techniques blocks, respectively produce an electric pulse at two groups of photelectric receivers respectively, with this electric pulse amplify respectively, filtering, be converted to Transistor-Transistor Logic level, technology is carried out logical combination routinely again, removes to trigger the high-speed pulse counting device, first electric pulse enabling counting device, second electric pulse stops counter; Owing between two light curtains certain distance is arranged, two electric pulses that produced must have certain time interval, can calculate this time interval by the umber of pulse in the counter, according to the distance of two smooth interludes and measured electrical pulse time at interval, try to achieve the flying speed of object; Utilize digital display technique that measurement result is shown automatically with required form at last, and can or adopt the Flash technology that data are preserved in order to handling from now on Computer Data Communication.
High-speed flight object laser velocimeter of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, it is characterized in that, it includes the laser instrument 1 of output laser, the beam shaping 2 that laser passes through successively, beam splitter 3, catoptron 4, accept two condenser lenses 5 of two-way light beam, two photoelectric commutators 6, and form two low noise amplifiers 7 that are electrically connected respectively with two photoelectric commutators, two level translators 8, logic analyzer 9 by digital processing unit 10 controls, digital indicator 11, the signal of its light path and circuit is transmitted as: laser instrument 1 output laser, after beam shaping 2 shapings, be divided into two-beam by beam splitter 3, again through catoptron 4 reflections, two light beams form the parallel optics light curtain of twice respectively, through lens 5 light beam is converged at photoelectric commutator 6 respectively then, the output signal of photoelectric commutator reaches Transistor-Transistor Logic level through low noise amplifier 7 and level translator 8 respectively, be input to again in the logic analyzer 9 resulting light pulse signal is carried out logic analysis and timing, by digital processing unit 10 steering logic analyzers 9, and resulting chronometric data is converted to the flying speed of object, show measurement results by numerical value display 11.
Be specially adapted to the velocity survey of miniature high-speed flyer with method of the present invention.Designed high-speed flight object laser velocimeter has that volume is little, in light weight, cost is low, easy to use, be easy to advantages such as maintenance.
Description of drawings Fig. 1: high-speed flight object laser velocimeter structural representation Fig. 1, laser instrument, 2, beam shaping, 3, semi-transparent semi-reflecting beam splitter, 4, completely reflecting mirror, 5, condenser lens, 6, photoelectric commutator, 7, low noise amplifier, 8, level translator, 9, logic analyzer, 10, digital processing unit, 11, digital indicator; Fig. 2: Doppler anemometer structural representation Figure 12, beam splitter, 13, beam expanding lens, 14, moving object, 15, semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, 16, fringe counter.
Embodiment
Referring to accompanying drawing 1.Utilize routine techniques to be assembled into a high-speed flight object laser velocimeter, wherein semiconductor laser 1, is made up of Laser Power Devices, refrigeration system, laser diode three parts, and the output light wavelength can be the ruddiness of 650nm or the infrared light of 808nm.Beam shaping 2 comprises horizontal light beam cross section compressor reducer and vertical beam cross section extender two parts, compresses in the horizontal direction with in the vertical direction respectively and expands, and makes light beam form very thin one deck optical screen.Through beam splitter 3 beam splitting, and through after catoptron 4 reflections, light beam forms the parallel optical screen of twice.Condenser lens 5 is two groups of lens of vertically placing, and light beam is converged at two groups of photelectric receivers 6 of vertically placing respectively.Photelectric receiver changes light signal into electric signal, sends low noise amplifier 7 to and is amplified, and improves the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of input signal.The output of amplifier changes into Transistor-Transistor Logic level through level translator 8 with electric pulse.By the time of the programmable counter record-setting flight object in the high speed numerical processor 10, calculate the flying speed of flyer, and speed numerical value is presented on the digital indicator 11 by two light curtains.Logic analyzer 9 can be analyzed this electric pulse from that photelectric receiver, thereby judges flyer path roughly, so that the calculating of flying speed is revised, improves measuring accuracy.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of high-speed flight object laser velocimeter method, be by laser instrument emission laser, behind the optic path light beam, shine in the moving object, through light transmission, electric signal after will being changed by photoelectric commutator is sent into low noise amplifier, analyze and resulting chronometric data be converted to the flying speed of object again by digital processing unit, show measurement result by display, the invention is characterized in, utilize laser instrument output laser, be shaped as at the vertical direction broadening through the optical shaping device, the laser beam as thin as a wafer of horizontal direction compression, form the twice laser screen by two mirror reflects respectively, when the miniature high-speed flyer successively passes through this twice light curtain, carrying out light according to routine techniques blocks, respectively produce an electric pulse at two groups of photelectric receivers respectively, this electric pulse is amplified respectively, filtering, be converted to Transistor-Transistor Logic level, technology is finished respectively and is carried out logical combination routinely again, remove to trigger the high-speed pulse counting device, calculate the time interval by the umber of pulse in the counter, according to the distance of two smooth interludes and measured electrical pulse time interval, try to achieve the flying speed step of object, utilize digital display technique that measurement result is demonstrated automatically with required form at last.
2, a kind of high-speed flight object laser velocimeter, it is characterized in that, it includes the laser instrument (1) of output laser, the beam shaping that laser passes through successively (2), beam splitter (3), catoptron (4), accept two condenser lenses (5) of two-way light beam, two photoelectric commutators (6), and form two low noise amplifiers (7) that are electrically connected respectively with two photelectric receivers, two level translators (8), logic analyzer (9) by digital processing unit (10) control, digital indicator (11), the signal of its light path and circuit is transmitted as: laser instrument (1) output laser, after beam shaping (2) shaping, be divided into two-beam by beam splitter (3), reflect through catoptron (4) again, two light beams form the parallel optics light curtain of twice respectively, through lens (5) light beam is converged at photoelectric commutator (6) respectively then, the output signal of photoelectric commutator passes through low noise amplifier (7) respectively and level translator (8) reaches Transistor-Transistor Logic level, be input to again in the logic analyzer (9) resulting light pulse signal is carried out logic analysis and timing, by digital processing unit (10) steering logic analyzer (9), and resulting chronometric data is converted to the flying speed of object, show measurement result by numerical value display (11).
3, high-speed flight object laser velocimeter according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, beam shaping (2) comprises compressing in the horizontal direction respectively with in the vertical direction expands, makes light beam to form horizontal light beam cross section compressor reducer and vertical beam cross section extender two parts of very thin one deck optical screen, the beam splitter (3) that reflects to form the twice laser screen is a total reflective mirror for semi-transparent semi-reflecting beam splitter catoptron (4), and two groups of condenser lenses (5) and photoelectric commutator (6) are vertical placement.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 02156675 CN1228637C (en) | 2002-12-19 | 2002-12-19 | High-speed flying body laser speed-measuring method and instrument |
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| CN 02156675 CN1228637C (en) | 2002-12-19 | 2002-12-19 | High-speed flying body laser speed-measuring method and instrument |
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| CN1420359A true CN1420359A (en) | 2003-05-28 |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100373160C (en) * | 2005-01-12 | 2008-03-05 | 亚洲光学股份有限公司 | method and apparatus for measuring speed by processing distance measurement data under noisy condition |
| CN100378459C (en) * | 2004-12-09 | 2008-04-02 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | Road vehicle running speed detecting method and device |
| CN100389328C (en) * | 2005-01-12 | 2008-05-21 | 亚洲光学股份有限公司 | Speed measuring method and apparatus |
| CN101004341B (en) * | 2006-01-20 | 2010-05-12 | 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 | Method for logging flying object in high speed |
| CN101915855A (en) * | 2010-07-30 | 2010-12-15 | 天津大学 | Method and device for detecting flying speeds of particles in cytometer by using secondary light-scattering method |
| CN101644717B (en) * | 2009-08-31 | 2011-06-08 | 北京大学 | Pedestrian advancing direction judging method adopting laser scanning |
| CN102183183A (en) * | 2011-02-25 | 2011-09-14 | 西安工业大学 | Method and device for measuring flying speed and landing coordinate of projectile of double-tube volley weapon |
| CN102784471A (en) * | 2012-07-26 | 2012-11-21 | 宋雅伟 | Over-net ball speed tester for net separating competitive items |
| CN103776684A (en) * | 2014-01-22 | 2014-05-07 | 南京理工大学 | Speed testing device for Hopkinson test |
| CN104697650A (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2015-06-10 | 中国人民解放军理工大学 | High-speed optical velocity measurement device |
| CN106996717A (en) * | 2017-04-05 | 2017-08-01 | 西安工业大学 | Bullet detection light proscenia based on speculum principle |
| CN107727882A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-02-23 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | A kind of velocity-measuring system of mm-scale rapid flight frost bullet |
| CN108414786A (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2018-08-17 | 中国科学院大气物理研究所 | A kind of two-wire photodiode array device and particle velocity measure method |
| CN113970652A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-01-25 | 陕西鼎泰光宇科技有限公司 | Laser sensing simulation speed measurement method and system, computer equipment, terminal and medium |
-
2002
- 2002-12-19 CN CN 02156675 patent/CN1228637C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100378459C (en) * | 2004-12-09 | 2008-04-02 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | Road vehicle running speed detecting method and device |
| CN100373160C (en) * | 2005-01-12 | 2008-03-05 | 亚洲光学股份有限公司 | method and apparatus for measuring speed by processing distance measurement data under noisy condition |
| CN100389328C (en) * | 2005-01-12 | 2008-05-21 | 亚洲光学股份有限公司 | Speed measuring method and apparatus |
| CN101004341B (en) * | 2006-01-20 | 2010-05-12 | 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 | Method for logging flying object in high speed |
| CN101644717B (en) * | 2009-08-31 | 2011-06-08 | 北京大学 | Pedestrian advancing direction judging method adopting laser scanning |
| CN101915855A (en) * | 2010-07-30 | 2010-12-15 | 天津大学 | Method and device for detecting flying speeds of particles in cytometer by using secondary light-scattering method |
| CN102183183B (en) * | 2011-02-25 | 2013-04-24 | 西安工业大学 | Method and device for measuring flying speed and landing coordinate of projectile of double-tube volley weapon |
| CN102183183A (en) * | 2011-02-25 | 2011-09-14 | 西安工业大学 | Method and device for measuring flying speed and landing coordinate of projectile of double-tube volley weapon |
| CN102784471A (en) * | 2012-07-26 | 2012-11-21 | 宋雅伟 | Over-net ball speed tester for net separating competitive items |
| CN103776684A (en) * | 2014-01-22 | 2014-05-07 | 南京理工大学 | Speed testing device for Hopkinson test |
| CN104697650A (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2015-06-10 | 中国人民解放军理工大学 | High-speed optical velocity measurement device |
| CN106996717A (en) * | 2017-04-05 | 2017-08-01 | 西安工业大学 | Bullet detection light proscenia based on speculum principle |
| CN107727882A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-02-23 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | A kind of velocity-measuring system of mm-scale rapid flight frost bullet |
| CN108414786A (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2018-08-17 | 中国科学院大气物理研究所 | A kind of two-wire photodiode array device and particle velocity measure method |
| CN113970652A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-01-25 | 陕西鼎泰光宇科技有限公司 | Laser sensing simulation speed measurement method and system, computer equipment, terminal and medium |
| CN113970652B (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2024-05-28 | 陕西鼎泰光宇科技有限公司 | Laser sensing simulation speed measuring method, system, computer equipment, terminal and medium |
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| CN1228637C (en) | 2005-11-23 |
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