CN1401095A - 显示装置和透镜状屏 - Google Patents

显示装置和透镜状屏 Download PDF

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CN1401095A
CN1401095A CN01804892A CN01804892A CN1401095A CN 1401095 A CN1401095 A CN 1401095A CN 01804892 A CN01804892 A CN 01804892A CN 01804892 A CN01804892 A CN 01804892A CN 1401095 A CN1401095 A CN 1401095A
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display device
lcd panel
lenticular screen
described display
light
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J·C·范德文
L·M·维格尔斯
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Koninklijke Philips NV
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/0006Arrays
    • G02B3/0037Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses
    • G02B3/005Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses arranged along a single direction only, e.g. lenticular sheets
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/13336Combining plural substrates to produce large-area displays, e.g. tiled displays
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133526Lenses, e.g. microlenses or Fresnel lenses
    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03BAPPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/54Accessories
    • G03B21/56Projection screens
    • G03B21/60Projection screens characterised by the nature of the surface
    • G03B21/62Translucent screens
    • G03B21/625Lenticular translucent screens
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00Details of television systems
    • H04N5/72Modifying the appearance of television pictures by optical filters or diffusing screens
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/12Picture reproducers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/12Picture reproducers
    • H04N9/31Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
    • H04N9/3141Constructional details thereof
    • H04N9/3147Multi-projection systems

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Overhead Projectors And Projection Screens (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一显示装置(1),它包括一个紧挨一个安置的LC板。为了减小两相邻LC板之间接缝(24)的可见度和为了避免灰度反转,应用了一准直光。一透镜状薄片被用来增大水平方向的视角。如果该接缝(24)只存在于垂直方向上,则就应选择垂直方向的最大视角。这种选择在水平方向就导致一不对称的视角。为了减小在水平视角方面的不对称性,该屏的透镜呈梯形形状。该顶角取决于希望的扩展和水平方向的视角对称性。

Description

显示装置和透镜状屏
本发明涉及一如在权利要求1的前述特征部分所定义的显示装置。
本发明还涉及一用于显示装置的透镜状屏。
该显示装置被用来显示电视和图形图象。
该显示装置可包括两个或多个液晶显示板,这些液晶显示板一个紧挨着一个地排列,以便在不用增大该显示板的尺寸的情况下就可使该显示器的实际尺寸增大。这样,就可获得一相当价廉的显示器。在上述液晶显示板的相邻边就存在一接缝。为了减小上述液晶板间接缝的可见度,必须防止光进入该接缝区。这可通过一在整个显示器横向上呈周期性的黑色遮盖和通过应用准直的光分布来实现。该准直光分布要求一与该液晶显示板光耦合的透镜状屏,以便在该光通过该液晶显示器板后将该显示器的亮度分布扩大。
该显示装置可具有这样的液晶显示板的配置,使其只存在垂直接缝。因此,该黑色遮盖也只具有一周期性的垂直结构。在这种类型的显示装置中,准直光源在该垂直方向上的要求是不太严格的,而且在该显示装置前面的光强或亮度是可增加的。为了获得一该显示装置的增大的流明输出,可选择最宽的可能准直角,对于这种准直角来说在该液晶显示装置的垂直方向不会出现灰度等级反转(grey scaleinversion)。
本显示装置的缺点在于这种准直角将在水平方向产生观察的不对称性。
本发明的目的在于提供一种在水平方向上减小视角不对称性的显示装置。这个目的是通过按权利要求1中限定的发明所述的显示装置来实现的。按本发明所述显示装置的透镜状屏的梯形结构将那些对法线成正和负角度穿过该液晶板的光线在第二方向上进行混合。由不同的正和负角度来的上述光线将在该梯形结构的斜边上全反射,在第二方向上光强在视角方面的不对称性将被平均,并将被减小。该已知的透镜状屏仅只扩大该亮度分布,而并不使相对于透镜状屏法线成倾斜角的入射光混合,因而在第二方向的不对称性并不减小。
按本发明的显示装置的优选实施例被规定在相关的权利要求中。
本发明的这些和其它的一些方面从后面描述的实施例来看是明显的,而且将借助这些实施例来对其进行阐述。
在附图中,
图1表示一液晶显示装置和一准直照明系统,
图2是一包括两个液晶盒的显示装置的前视图,
图3表示几个模拟扭曲向列液晶显示板在垂直和水平方向上处于不同灰度水平上的亮度与视角关系的曲线,以及
图4是一透镜状屏的梯形结构的横截面。
图1是显示装置1和照明系统2的一示意图。该照明系统2包括光源3,反射器5和准直系统7。最好,该准直角为大约30°,以防止在垂直方向上的灰度反转。此外,该显示装置1最好包括两个液晶显示板20,22,相互紧挨着配置并有一接缝24分隔。在这例子中,在该两液晶显示板22,24之间的接缝24是沿垂直方向的。而且,该显示装置1上装设有一透镜状屏9,由于准直照明系统2的应用,会使得水平方向的亮度分布增大。
该液晶显示板20和22包括传统的90度扭曲向列液晶盒。对于该液晶盒的取向层的摩擦方向被选成这样,以使在第一c.q.垂直方向的视角对于该液晶显示板20,22的法线是对称的。因此,在水平方向上的视角对于该法线则变成不对称的。为了减小该接缝24的可见度,就必须防止光进入该接缝区。这可通过在两液晶显示板20,22上设置一黑色遮盖26来实现,该遮盖具有一周期性的沿垂直方向的线状结构。
图2是显示装置1的一前视图,它包括两个液晶显示板20,22。覆盖该显示板20,22的黑色遮盖26用周期性的线状结构28来代表。该周期性线状结构28在第二c.q.水平方向上与像素的间距相匹配。此外,图1所示的准直照明系统2的应用也可防止光进入该接缝区。如果该显示装置只具有一沿垂直方向的单个接缝24,则在这个方向上对该准直照明系统的要求可以是不太严格的。为了增大该显示装置1的光强或前亮度,可选择最宽的准直角来提供在垂直方向不出现灰度反转的最大视角。这角度可由图3b和图3d导出。
图3表示模拟在液晶显示板的不同方向上处于5个灰度水平上的亮度与视角关系的特性曲线。图3a和图3b表示液晶显示板的水平和垂直方向上的相应亮度与视角关系的特性曲线,该液晶显示板在光学上是与一层叠在该液晶显示板上的宽视角薄片耦合的。图3c和图3d表示在没有这种宽视角薄片的情况下,液晶显示板的水平和垂直方向上的相应亮度与视角关系的特性曲线。选择的标称灰度水平分别为0,0.25,0.5,0.75和1。相应的曲线41-45代表亮度与视角的关系特性曲线。对于这些图来说都应假设,该光的分布是各向同性的。在图3a-图3d中,曲线41-45相互交叉的角度表示灰度反转的开始。
如前所述,该透镜状屏9将有限的光分布增大。但是,在该显示装置1中的该宽大的准直角在该水平方向产生一不对称的视角,参看图3c和图3d。为了减小水平方向上观察方向的不对称性,该透镜状屏9具有一梯形结构11。
图4表示具有梯形结构11的透镜状屏的一部分。在这种梯形结构11中,撞击在该梯形斜边43上的光线42由于全反射而被反射,而且以不同的正和负的水平角穿过液晶板20,22的光线被混合。这样,在水平方向视角的不对称性就可被平均,因而被减小。所希望的水平扩展(horizontal spread)和在水平方向上所要求的视角对称性决定该梯形43的顶角α。实际上,这顶角为20°。一较大的角度α,与一较深的梯形结构联合一起,就可能提供较较大的校正和较大的水平扩展。较小的角度α提供较小的校正和较小的水平扩展。
此外,该透镜状屏9装有一散布在该梯形结构11的主材料中的体漫射体(a bulk diffuser)用来使沿垂直方向的亮度分布变宽。最好,该体漫射体的折射率与该主材料的折射率偏离大约0.1,以便减少入射光的背散射。在这例子中,该体漫射体的折射率为1.520,而主材料的折射率为1.495。该体漫射体将垂直于该透镜状屏入射的光线41散射成光线41’,如在梯形结构11中所示。以一大于布儒斯特(Brewster)角的角度倾斜于法线入射的光线42被反射,并被该体漫射体散射成光线42’和42”。
将会明白,在本发明的构架之内的很多改变都是可能的。

Claims (8)

1.一种显示装置,它包括光源、液晶显示板、用来将来自该光源的光以一预定的准直角准直到液晶显示板上的准直系统以及在观察者一侧光学上与该液晶显示板耦合的透镜状屏,该屏的透镜朝向第一方向,以便增大第二方向的亮度分布,其特征在于,该透镜具有一梯形的形状。
2.权利要求1所述的显示装置,其特征在于:该梯形的顶角依赖于希望的水平扩展和在第二方向上希望的视角对称性。
3.权利要求1所述的显示装置,其特征在于:该透镜状屏包括一主材料和散布在该主材料中的体漫射材料。
4.权利要求1所述的显示装置,其特征在于:该体漫射材料具有的折射率与该主材料的折射率不同。
5.权利要求1所述的显示装置,其特征在于:该液晶显示板上在该透镜状屏一侧装有一前偏振片,而且该透镜状屏通过层叠与该前偏振片光学耦合。
6.一种显示装置,包括两个液晶显示板,其沿第二方向相互紧挨着配置并在一第一方向具有一接缝,以便增大待显示图像的尺寸。
7.权利要求6所述的显示装置,其特征在于:液晶显示装置装有一黑色的遮盖,延伸在该两液晶显示板上,该黑色遮盖具有一与该液晶显示板的像元间距相应的周期性结构。
8.一种用于如权利要求1所述的显示装置的透镜状屏。
CN01804892A 2000-12-12 2001-11-26 显示装置和透镜状屏 Pending CN1401095A (zh)

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KR20020079834A (ko) 2002-10-19
US6667786B2 (en) 2003-12-23
WO2002048791A1 (en) 2002-06-20
EP1254397A1 (en) 2002-11-06
JP2004516499A (ja) 2004-06-03

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