CN1399878A - 一种含有咪鲜胺与烯唑醇的植物杀菌剂 - Google Patents
一种含有咪鲜胺与烯唑醇的植物杀菌剂 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明是一种含咪鲜胺与烯唑醇的植物杀菌剂，其特点是由咪鲜胺和烯唑醇与已知的助剂和赋型剂复配成包括粉剂、可湿性粉剂、悬乳剂、颗粒剂在内的常用剂型。本发明由于咪鲜胺和烯唑醇相互混配，可协同增效，减少用药量，适用于防治禾谷类、各种瓜、果、蔬菜、香蕉、辣椒、水稻、芒果、菠萝等作物病害。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于植物杀菌剂，更具体地说，是一种含有咪鲜胺与烯唑醇的杀菌剂。
背景技术
咪鲜胺是一种高效优异广谱性咪唑类杀菌剂和水果蔬菜保鲜剂，用于谷类作物(EC-400-600A1/ha)防治假尾孢属、核腔菌属、喙孢属及壳针孢属真菌，对早期的眼点病、叶斑病和白粉病有防效。用于油籽葡萄(500g/ha)可防治链格孢属、葡萄孢属、假尾孢属、埋核盘菌属、核盘菌属真菌。防治豆科植物上的壳二孢属、葡萄孢属、甜菜上的生尾孢属和白粉菌属，用于种子处理(0.2-0.5g/kg)对于禾谷类作物上的旋孢腔菌属、镰孢属、核腔菌属、壳针孢属真菌引起的病害有防治作用。对于水果、蔬菜在收获前喷施一般剂量为20-50g/100L，收获后用250-1000mg/L的溶液浸渍以防贮存期腐烂。此外，以0.2g/ha剂量可100％防治花椰菜叶斑病，以500ppm的药液喷洒于稻株可有效地防治严重感染的水稻稻瘟病。在防治辣椒、荔枝、香蕉等水果的炭疽病时一般剂量为12.5g/亩。
烯唑醇是唑类杀菌剂，是甾醇脱甲基化抑制剂，具有广谱和内吸活性，有预防和治疗作用。叶面施药可防治葡萄、禾谷类作物和水果上的白粉病和黑星病，种子处理可防治禾谷类的腥黑粉病和黑粉病，如以50-125gAI/ha叶面喷施，可防治谷类白粉病、叶锈病；1-5g/100kg种子进行拌种，可防治黑穗病；20-40ppm可防治葡萄白粉病和黑腐病；25-50ppm可防治葡萄黑星病和白粉病；80-250g/ha可防治花生早期和晚期叶斑病；也可防治白茎腐病和锈病。但这两种药单独使用，有各自的优缺点，对某些病害的作用不太理想。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种对病害具有改进作用效果且降低施用活性成分总量的杀菌剂。
本发明的技术方案：将咪鲜胺和烯唑醇与已知助剂、赋型剂复配成常规剂型。
本发明的杀菌剂是含0.1-95重％(最佳0.5-90重％)的味鲜胺和烯唑醇的包括粉剂、可湿性粉剂、悬乳剂、乳油剂、颗粒剂在内的制剂，所述的咪鲜胺和烯唑醇混合重量比为1∶1-100，最佳为1∶1-40。
所述的制剂按常规的制备方法即在咪鲜胺和烯唑醇中添加已知的溶剂和/或载体、乳化剂、分散剂，制成所需的剂型。选择剂型根据使用目的来决定。
本发明的制剂所用的表面活性剂物质包括芳香族磺酸如木素磺酸、苯酚磺酸、萘磺酸、二丁基萘磺酸的碱金属、碱土金属盐，或脂肪酸、烷基磺酸和烷基芳基磺酸。
所述的粉剂可以通过将咪鲜胺和烯唑醇的混合物与固体载体一起混合研磨制备。
所述的颗粒剂(例如，涂敷、浸渍或均质颗粒剂)是通过将咪鲜胺和烯唑醇活性化合物粘合到固体载体上制得。
所述的固体载体包括硅胶、二氧化硅、硅酸盐、滑石、高岭土、石灰石、石灰、白垩、红玄武土、黄土、陶土、白云石、硅藻土、硫酸钙和硫酸镁、氧化镁、塑料粉、化肥(如硫酸铵、磷酸铵、硝酸铵、尿素)或植物产物如面粉、树皮粉、木粉、坚果壳粉、纤维素粉。
以上所述的均为市售产品。
本发明的优点：
本发明所用的咪鲜胺和烯唑醇都是唑类杀菌剂，因此具有相同的作用机理，相互混配不会产生抵触，可协同增效，减少用药量。本发明特别适用于防治禾谷类、各种瓜果、蔬菜、香蕉、辣椒、水稻、芒果、菠萝等作用病害，如小麦白粉病、辣椒炭疽病，苦瓜黑星病、柑桔毒霉病、黄瓜白粉病、番茄早疫病和晚疫病。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实例进一步说明本发明特点。
实例1
将咪鲜胺2％、烯唑醇20％、乳化剂0207 5％、二甲苯溶剂73％混合至均相液，得到乳油。
实例2
将咪鲜胺1.2％、烯唑醇36％、拉开粉LS(烷基萘磺酸盐)5％、羧甲基纤维素5％、扩散剂NNO(双萘磺酸甲醛缩合物)5％、轻质碳酸钙27.8％混合，混合物进行研磨，制得可湿性粉剂。
实例3
将咪鲜胺4％、烯唑醇36％、乳化剂2，4，6-三(1-苯乙基)苯酚聚(20)乙二醇醚磷酸单酯或双酯和单酯混合物的三乙醇胺盐10％、共乳剂丁醇2％、抗微生物剂山梨醇3％、消泡剂有机硅1％、NaCl水溶液46％搅拌均匀，得到水乳剂。
实例4
将咪鲜胺1％、烯唑醇4％、高分子硅酸盐1％、滑石粉94％混合，得到粉剂。
实例5
将咪鲜胺0.5％、烯唑醇0.5％、乳化剂农乳0210 15％，其余为二甲苯，混匀，得到乳油。
实例6
将咪鲜胺0.5％、烯唑醇50％、拉开粉LS 5％、羧甲基纤维素15％、扩散剂NNO 10％、轻质碳酸钙29.5％混合，得到可湿性粉剂。
实例7
将咪鲜胺45％、烯唑醇45％、填料硫酸钠8％、其它助剂(表面活性剂木质素磺酸钠盐0.5％、分散剂烷基磺酸钾盐0.5％、稳定剂十七醇1％)2％混合，得到可溶性粉剂。
实例8
本实例是应用实例。
用实例3制得的水乳剂防治黄瓜炭疽病试验。试验条件和结果见下表：
| 药剂 | 药后5天 | 药后7天 | 药后14天 | ||||||
| 防效 | 防效 | 防效 | 显著性 | 防效 | 显著性 | ||||
| ％ | 0.05 | 0.01 | ％ | 0.05 | 0.01 | ％ | 0.05 | 0.01 | |
| 实例3水乳剂稀释500倍 | 64.4 | a | A | 74.1 | a | A | 80.3 | a | A |
| 实例3水乳剂稀释1000倍 | 61.4 | a | A | 70.5 | ab | AB | 77.2 | ab | AB |
| 25％咪鲜胺乳油稀释500倍 | 61.3 | a | A | 70.9 | ab | AB | 77.8 | ab | AB |
| 12.5％烯唑醇可湿性粉剂稀释500倍 | 59.9 | a | A | 66.7 | b | B | 73.1 | b | B |
Claims (3)
1.一种含咪鲜胺与烯唑醇的植物杀菌剂，其特征在于由咪鲜胺和烯唑醇与助剂、赋型剂复配成包括粉剂、可湿性粉剂、悬乳剂、乳油剂、颗粒剂在内的制剂，所述咪鲜胺和烯唑醇混合物占制剂重量的0.1-95％，所述的咪鲜胺和烯唑醇的混合重量比为1∶1-100。
2.按照权利要求1所述的杀菌剂，其特征在于咪鲜胺和烯唑醇混合物占制剂重量的0.5-90％，咪鲜胺和烯唑醇混合重量比为1∶1-40。
3.权利要求1或2所述的杀菌剂的用途，其特征在于适用于包括防治禾谷类、各种瓜果、蔬菜、香蕉、辣椒、水稻、芒果、菠萝在内的农作物。
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1332605C (zh) * | 2005-12-27 | 2007-08-22 | 云南农业大学 | 含有咪鲜胺的高脂膜植物杀菌剂 |
| US20090092740A1 (en) * | 2006-05-02 | 2009-04-09 | Greenoy Ltd. | Method for increasing long-term storage of cut flowers |
| CN101796955A (zh) * | 2009-12-31 | 2010-08-11 | 青岛星牌作物科学有限公司 | 一种复配杀菌组合物及应用 |
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2001
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1332605C (zh) * | 2005-12-27 | 2007-08-22 | 云南农业大学 | 含有咪鲜胺的高脂膜植物杀菌剂 |
| US20090092740A1 (en) * | 2006-05-02 | 2009-04-09 | Greenoy Ltd. | Method for increasing long-term storage of cut flowers |
| US8664161B2 (en) * | 2006-05-02 | 2014-03-04 | Greenoy Ltd. | Method for increasing long-term storage of cut flowers |
| CN101796955A (zh) * | 2009-12-31 | 2010-08-11 | 青岛星牌作物科学有限公司 | 一种复配杀菌组合物及应用 |
| CN101796955B (zh) * | 2009-12-31 | 2013-04-17 | 青岛星牌作物科学有限公司 | 一种复配杀菌组合物及应用 |
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