CN1375464A

CN1375464A - Multi-sectional separator for efficient sea water desalting

Info

Publication number: CN1375464A
Application number: CN 01105677
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈明
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2001-03-14
Filing date: 2001-03-14
Publication date: 2002-10-23

Abstract

The multi-stage separation equipment for efficiency desalination of seawater utilzies the characteristics of that salt molecules in seawater can not be evaporated and vaporized, and adopts density difference under the action of high-speed centrifugal force field to separate seawater. It is characterized by that the multi-stage separation pipe is set in the high-pressure gas solution boiler in the high-speed centrifugal force rotation to make seawater boil, expand and be decomposed into high density foaming gas and emulsified liquid, under the action of high-speed separation function the specific gravity difference of its vapor and liquid can be enlarged for several times, and the liquid mixture with different density can be separated, then quickly cooled and condensed so as to obtain fresh water.

Description

Multi-sectional separator for efficient sea water desalting

The present invention relates to sea water desaltination and salt water salt manufacturing, especially the multi-sectional separator for efficient sea water desalting of forming by heating container high-duty boiler, High-Pressure Compressor, high temperature centrifugal chamber, more piece polyphone UNICOM formula taper separator tube, electromagnetic device, motion stops, vacuum pump, heating net, supercentrifuge, quick cooling chamber, the overlapping spiral coil cooling tube of multilayer, water pump etc.

The method for desalting seawater of home and abroad employing at present is many, covert method: method of evaporation, distillation method, method of cooling; Membrane separation process: reverse osmosis method, electroosmose process; The chemical equilibrium method: main three major types type such as ion exchange method, hydration method, solvent extration, technological precedence at present also be to use at most, be to dodge anxious distillation method, account for 70% of world today's sea water desaltination ultimate production.Dodging anxious distillation method is exactly to utilize the boiling point of water to reduce this characteristic with pressure, seawater is heated in pipeline, guide to then in the lower evaporator room of pressure, the high temperature seawater that is introduced into will evaporate rapidly between in an instant, and the steam of generation obtains condensation and causes fresh water outside the pipeline that Mare Frigoris water is housed.(need carry out the repetition more piece and dodge and to heat up in a steamer, reached at present need again and again repeat to dodge heat up in a steamer operation 30 more pieces/time, the huge efficient of equipment is lower.) its shortcoming is: facility investment is many, and the seawater internal circulating load is big, the system water yield is little, the low process cost of enrichment factor is higher.(need large batch of seawater to make, get only 1 part of fresh water, but will produce 9 parts of concentrated seawaters that pollution is arranged.)

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of multi-sectional separator for efficient sea water desalting, it is simple in structure, less investment, stable performance, volume is little, incrustation scale is few, and easy to use, power consumption seldom, water outlet is fast, cost is low, it is very high to go out the fresh water amount.

In order to achieve the above object, solution of the present invention is: utilize salt quasi-molecule in the seawater all not participate in this characteristic of carburation by evaporation process, adopt and utilize density difference sedimentation travelling speed to separate seawater under the high speed centrifugation field of force.In supercentrifuge rotation in the boiler of high pressure gas solution, make seawater after boiling, form high-density foaming gas, water-in-oil emulsion, under the sharp separation effect through numerous more piece polyphone UNICOM formula taper separator tubes is set in the high temperature centrifugal chamber, the difference in specific gravity that makes its vapour and liquid is apart from widening many times.The sedimentation travelling speed of different substances in repeated screening gas, water-in-oil emulsion (selected repeatedly density difference), sharp separation goes out and isolates the mixed solution of different densities under the high speed rotating centrifuge field, and the Mare Frigoris water cooling that imports in the pipe that is cooled in the quick cooling chamber is condensed into seawater.Employing makes high dissolved air water liquid at high temperature enlarge vapour fast in centrifuge field and produces the purpose that different sedimentation travelling speed (need not water liquid is all distilled vaporization) reaches efficient sea water desalting with the density difference of liquid.

Seawater fresh water molecule in high temperature volatilizees easily, and proportion, a distance change bigger; The salt quasi-molecule is difficult for volatilization, and proportion, a distance change less.Adopt seawater on supercentrifuge in the high speed rotating, in high atmospheric pressure comprehensively under the ebullient prerequisite, (seawater in boiling, it is owing to contain more volatile components that the fresh water molecule is vaporized easily, so along with the volume and the proportion of the rising water liquid of temperature changes very greatly; It is owing to contain more difficult volatiles that the salt quasi-molecule is difficult for by high-temperature evaporation, so along with the volume and the proportion of the rising water liquid of temperature changes very little.) mixed solution produced the strong gas percussion of a large amount of High Temperature High Pressure and decompose, gas, water-in-oil emulsion sharply expand, intermolecular impact force increases, high-temperature high-pressure air flow breaks through the gap between the mixed solution water molecules, and intermolecular distance becomes several times increase formation foaming gas, water-in-oil emulsion (hanging drop) sharply to expand and spread.Salt molecular water liquid is got rid of throwing in outermost owing to be difficult for being vaporized the bigger particle drop of formation, reach the difference in specific gravity that enlarges to greatest extent between salt quasi-molecule and the fresh water molecule, vapour separates with liquid under the effect in the high speed centrifugation field of force, the distribution of particles that makes its proportion maximum is in the periphery, the particle of proportion minimum is near turning axle, reaches the high efficiency separation purpose and they are kept apart fast.

Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: in the hermetic type high-duty boiler, be provided with pre-hot sea water transport pipe water-in, high pressure gas inlet mouth, external the mixed solution discharge outlet is set and is positioned on the supercentrifuge with water pump UNICOM be connected UNICOM with the high temperature centrifugal chamber, the high temperature centrifugal chamber is round closed container, in various more piece polyphone UNICOM formula taper separator tube, heating net are set, external strong brine discharge outlet and the mixed solution discharge outlet of being provided with; More piece polyphone UNICOM formula taper separator tube is the taper siphunculus, big to centre rotational axis water entering surface bore, otherwise go out liquid level bore little (the small-bore liquid stream of the water inlet heavy caliber of first joint and water outlet flow differs 100 times approximately) to the periphery, more piece polyphone UNICOM formula taper separator tube goes out the size of the diameter of the small-bore liquid outlet of the water surface to the periphery and must successively decrease by joint, the liquid stream flow of the bore of initial fluid inlet and the bore of terminal liquid outlet differs nearly thousand times approximately, the body length of (needing to determine by the standard-required of water quality desalination the size of its liquid outlet) single-unit is 10 times of large caliber pipe mouth diameter approximately, and the arrangement between body and the body must be very tight, no gap; Supercentrifuge is the special-purpose settlement separate machine of stereoscopic built-up type; Quick cooling chamber is the overlapping spiral coil cooling tube of multilayer of filling with Mare Frigoris water to be set in the closed container be convenient to quick cooling, cooling room top is provided with two apertures, one aperture is: the mixed solution admission port is communicated with water pump, two apertures: be pre-hot sea water water outlet, the bottom also is provided with two apertures, one aperture is: the fresh water water outlet, another aperture is: Mare Frigoris water replenishes the liquid import and is communicated with water pump.

The workflow of multi-sectional separator for efficient sea water desalting is: 1, seawater inflation heating and centrifugation: in the high speed rotating of whizzer, open Mare Frigoris water inlet valve switch earlier, with the Mare Frigoris water in the seawater pond replenish liquid by the water pump force feed to the built-in water-cooled tube of quick cooling chamber, because the overlapping snakelike water-cooled tube of multilayer is immersed in the cooling room of filling the high temperature mixed solution, can obtain from bottom to top preheating step by step (90 degrees centigrade of water temperature Yue Keda), opening boiler preheating seawater inlet valve again imports in the pressure kettle body of heater, when the preheating sea level fluctuations reaches about 90% water level, switch and boiler preheating seawater water inlet valve of can switching off the pump and Mare Frigoris water water inlet valve.Opening the air compressor power source of high-duty boiler again (injects high pressure gas, can form the high-density bubble when heating, promote water liquid to decompose vaporization fast in water liquid.) the thermal source switch heating of heating net, at the intravital high pressure sea water of high-duty boiler comprehensively after the boiling.Open vacuum pump, open electromagnetic device and open the interior motion stops of first pipe joint of more piece taper separator tube, pursuing after allowing water liquid enter to reduce presses vaporization to separate, the gas, the water-in-oil emulsion that are dissolved with high pressure high density gas are being expanded by a large amount of high temperature and high pressure gas strong sharply the decomposition, make water liquid form the foaming hanging drop, (the salt quasi-molecule does not all participate in the carburation by evaporation process) water liquid is long-pending to be doubled and redoubled rapidly, and proportion alleviates rapidly at double.The difference in specific gravity of vapour and liquid is apart from widening many times under the effect in the high speed centrifugation field of force.Enlarge density difference and sedimentation travelling speed between fresh water molecule and the salt quasi-molecule as far as possible, because strong brine is difficult for being vaporized the bigger particle drop of formation, be distributed in the periphery as the particle strong brine of proportion maximum, the particle water vapor of proportion minimum is near turning axle.

2, discharge opeing: close vacuum pump earlier, open valve discharging strong brine, after the strong brine discharging finishes, close compressor, open fluid valve opening water pump, with the mixed solution pressure injection in the quick cooling chamber by after a large amount of Mare Frigoris water cooling condensation in the overlapping spiral coil cooling tube of multilayer, a large amount of freshwater products.Open electromagnetic device and close the interior motion stops of first pipe joint of taper separator tube, open inlet valve again and open water pump, so constantly move in endless cycles repeatedly to the boiler water filling.

Vapour separates method for desalting seawater with the liquor ratio method of double differences under the centrifuge field owing to adopted in the above-mentioned solution, only need seawater is placed at plenum ebuillition of heated vaporization in high speed rotating on the supercentrifuge, cause sea water mixing liquid to form high-density foaming hanging drop, intermolecular distance sharply becomes manyfold to strengthen, water liquid is long-pending to become manyfold growth proportion to become manyfold to alleviate rapidly rapidly, make between fresh water molecule and the salt quasi-molecule that to produce maximum water and vapour density poor, under the effect in the high speed centrifugation field of force, isolate foam hanging drop and strong brine and they are kept apart then.It is simple in structure, less investment, stable performance, power consumption seldom, system water express train, incrustation scale few (and being convenient to remove), cost be low, it is high especially to go out fresh water yield, (being particularly suitable for the concentrated seawater desalination) can save a large amount of energy and time.Can in various fields, popularize use.Accomplish that really nearly one thousand years human look forward to always: less investment, (just do not need to distill in large quantity and can be direct veritably seawater to be changed into fresh water) that equipment is simple, cheap, output is very high, that can popularize in an all-round way popular sea water desalinating plant.(evaporation of water body can only be carried out at liquid-gas interface, because water body can not evaporate in inside, has determined that water is a kind of slow evaporated liquid, and can not volatilize rapidly).

The present invention is further described with embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing one, accompanying drawing two.

Accompanying drawing one is the principle of work simplified diagram of high-duty boiler, high temperature centrifugal chamber and the quick cooling chamber of the multi-sectional separator for efficient sea water desalting of the embodiment of the invention.

Accompanying drawing two is the high temperature centrifugal chamber of the multi-sectional separator for efficient sea water desalting of the embodiment of the invention, the principle of work simplified diagram of supercentrifuge.

A kind of multi-sectional separator for efficient sea water desalting of the present invention mainly is combined into by three big parts shown in accompanying drawing one, accompanying drawing two: one, the Lower Half of the specialized high-speed settling centrifuge of being made up of centrifugal frame (16) and whizzer power system (17).Two, the first half of the specialized high-speed whizzer of being made up of high pressure heating container boiler (8) and high temperature centrifugal chamber (12), promptly the special centrifugal machine rotary drum is fixed on the centrifugal frame (16).Being connected with of its accessory and pipeline: the union pipeline of inlet valve (7) is connected with the central upper portion point place of boiler (8), and the other end is connected with the place, top of quick cooling chamber (6); The pipeline of air intake valve (9) is connected the other end with the place, top of boiler (8) and is connected (the vacant place of central space that compressor (10) can be placed in boiler (8)) with high pressure compressor (10); The union pipeline of fluid valve (18) is connected the other end threeway with the lower central point place of boiler (8) and is connected with water pump (19); The threeway of fluid valve (27) and valve (28) is connected with the place, peripheral bottom of high temperature centrifugal chamber (12), and the other end threeway is connected with water pump (19); The three-way pipeline that goes out the valve (25) of strong brine mouth (26) is connected with the place, peripheral bottom of high temperature centrifugal chamber (12); The give vent to anger place, peripheral top of pipeline and high temperature centrifugal chamber (12) of valve (14) is connected the other end and is connected (the vacant place of central space that vacuum pump can be placed in boiler (8)) with vacuum pump (15); More piece polyphone UNICOM's formula taper separator tube (13) is arranged in the high temperature centrifugal chamber (12) by high-density tight ground and firmly fixes, electromagnetic device (24) is fixed on boiler (8) centre housing, its motion stops (23) is placed in the first pipe joint of taper separator tube (13), and multilayer heating net (11) is positioned in the high temperature centrifugal chamber (12).Three, the overlapping spiral coil cooling tube of multilayer (5) is positioned in the quick cooling chamber (6), and the pipeline of inlet valve (7) is connected with the central upper portion point place of boiler (8) with the union pipeline that the place, top of cooling room (6) is connected the other end; The threeway that the place, top of fluid water pump (19) and cooling room (6) is connected the other end is connected with fluid valve (18), fluid valve (27) with the central spot of boiler (8) bottom and is connected UNICOM; The pipeline of inlet valve (4) is connected the other end with the place, bottom of cooling room (6) and is connected UNICOM with water pump (3) with seawater pond (1); The pipeline that goes out the flowing water Valve (21) of fresh water mouth (22) is connected with the place, bottom of cooling room (6).

The propulsion source (17) of at first opening supercentrifuge (16) makes whizzer (16) do the centrifugal rotation of height speed.(20 usefulness water pumps (3) import in the overlapping spiral coil cooling tube of settling in the quick cooling chamber (6) of multilayer (5) by valve (4) pressure injection with the Mare Frigoris water in seawater pond (1), because cooling tube (5) is positioned in the immersion liquid of filling high temperature mixed solution (20) in the quick cooling chamber (6), make Mare Frigoris water (2) obtain from bottom to top preheating.Open inlet valve (7) when the injection of pre-hot sea water (2) has reached in boiler (8) body about 90% water level, (3) valve-off (4), valve (7) can switch off the pump, open valve (9) and open high pressure compressor (10), open valve (14) and open vacuum pump (15) and open the heating source of heating net (11), carry out the plenum heating simultaneously and vacuumize.After the water liquid boiling of high pressure solution gas, opening electromagnetic device (24) opens the motion stops (23) in the first pipe joint of more piece polyphone UNICOM's formula taper separator tube (13), make high-density foaming hanging drop carry out quick decomposition and separation under the combined action of under the high speed centrifugation field of force and mostly pitch cone shape separator tube and high pressure gas and vacuum pump, the gas in high pressure, water-in-oil emulsion strong (the salt quasi-molecule does not all the participate in the carburation by evaporation process) volume that the expands proportion that is doubled and redoubled rapidly that sharply decomposes in high temperature alleviates rapidly at double.Under the use under the high speed centrifugation field of force, the sedimentation travelling speed of vapour and liquid widens manyfold, enlarges density difference and sedimentation travelling speed between fresh water molecule and the salt quasi-molecule as far as possible.Because strong brine is difficult for being vaporized the bigger particle drop of formation, reach the isolating purpose of required employing high speed centrifugation field of force density difference peripheral (need not water liquid is all distilled vaporization) as the distribution of particles of the fastest proportion maximum of sedimentation travelling speed.In case behind the separation repeatedly of highdensity foaming water liquid process more piece taper separator tube (13), isolation, the concentrated formation strong brine (26), can close High-Pressure Compressor (10) and valve (9) simultaneously, close heating net (11) heating source, close vacuum pump (15) and valve (14), Open valve (25) discharging strong brine (26).When the relief liquor of strong brine (26) reached certain water quality requirement (water quality requirement of required fresh water), promptly valve-off (25) stopped the discharging of strong brine.Open valve (18), valve (27), valve (28), open water pump (19).Quick drain under the effect of valve (28) and pipeline is with the whole pump drainage light of vapour, liquid that refer to greatly in the numerous more piece taper separator tube that reaches in high-duty boiler (8) body in the high temperature centrifugal chamber (12).Pressure injection is gone into large batch of fresh water (22) output behind the quick cooling condensation of the Mare Frigoris water (2) in the fixed overlapping spiral coil cooling tube of (6) inherent multilayer (5) of quick cooling then.Open electromagnetic device (24) at last and close motion stops (23), open valve (21) and discharge large batch of fresh water (22), open valve (4), valve (7) unlatching water pump (3) again, supercentrifuge (16) (whizzer can ceaselessly rotate all the time) high speed centrifugation rotation on and on so constantly moves in endless cycles repeatedly.

Claims

1, a kind of multi-sectional separator for efficient sea water desalting, it is characterized in that: be connected the back with the overlapping spiral coil cooling tube of multilayer (5) in the quick cooling chamber (6) at the water pump (3) of pressure injection seawater (2) and be connected with high-duty boiler (8), high-pressure compressor (10) is connected with boiler (8) with valve (9), many more piece polyphone UNICOM's formula separator tubes (13) are set in the high temperature centrifugal chamber (12), heating net (11), vacuum pump (15) is connected with high temperature centrifugal chamber (12) with valve (14), be fixed on the wallboard of boiler (8) after motion stops (23) being set in the first pipe joint of more piece separator tube (13) and electromagnetic device (24) being connected, be connected UNICOM in the middle of the high-duty boiler (8) with high temperature centrifugal chamber (12) and be placed to be fixed on and carry out high speed centrifugation on the supercentrifuge (16) and rotate, high temperature mixed solution (20) is by valve (18), valve (27), valve (28), valve (21) be connected with water pump (19) UNICOM be connected with quick cooling chamber (6) after condensation a large amount of fresh water (22).