CN1332119A

CN1332119A - Centrifugal separator for high-efficiency sea water desalting

Info

Publication number: CN1332119A
Application number: CN 01105110
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈明; 顾仁欣
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2001-01-08
Filing date: 2001-01-08
Publication date: 2002-01-23

Abstract

The centrifugal separator for sea water desalting consists of high pressure boiler, inside cover valve, explosion chamber, heating net, centrifugal chamber, isolating layer non-return valve, superhigh speed centrifugal, fast cooling chamber, coiled cooling pipe and water pump. Through the process including sea water pressurizing and heating to vaporize, flash depression to relieve huge energy and to atomize mixed liquid to suspension, fast expansion of liquid, superhigh speed centrifugal separation and fast cooling, sea water is desalted fast.

Description

Centrifugal isolator for efficient seawater desalination

The present invention relates to sea water desaltination, especially the centrifugal isolator for efficient seawater desalination of forming by cap valve, explosion chamber, heating net, centrifugal chamber, obstruction plate, sealing coat check valve, ultra-high speed whizzer, quick cooling chamber, the overlapping spiral coil cooling tube of multilayer, water pump etc. in heating container high-duty boiler, the boiler.

The method for desalting seawater of home and abroad employing at present is many, covert method: method of evaporation, distillation method, method of cooling; Membrane separation process: reverse osmosis method, electroosmose process; The chemical equilibrium method: main three major types type such as ion exchange method, hydration method, solvent extration, using maximum at present is to dodge anxious distillation method, accounts for 70% of world today's sea water desaltination ultimate production.

Dodging anxious distillation method is exactly to utilize the boiling point of water to reduce this characteristic with pressure, seawater is heated in pipeline, guide to then in the lower evaporator room of pressure, the high temperature seawater that is introduced into will evaporate rapidly between in an instant, and the steam of generation obtains condensation and causes fresh water outside the pipeline that Mare Frigoris water is housed.Its shortcoming is: facility investment is many, and the seawater internal circulating load is big, the system water yield is little, the low process cost of enrichment factor is higher.(need large batch of seawater to make, get only 1 part of fresh water, but will produce 9 parts of concentrated seawaters that pollution is arranged).

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of centrifugal isolator for efficient seawater desalination, it is simple in structure, less investment, stable performance, incrustation scale are few, easy to use, power consumption seldom, water outlet is fast, cost is low, go out fresh water amount very high (9 parts of fresh water, only produce 1 part of strong brine).

In order to achieve the above object, solution of the present invention is: utilize seawater flash deflation under High Temperature High Pressure, the mixed solution atomizing of sharply expanding, the volume characteristic that proportion alleviates rapidly at double that is multiplied is rapidly utilized proportion to adopt difference centrifugal force vapour, liquid to separate and is reached efficient desalination purpose.Seawater fresh water molecule in High Temperature High Pressure volatilizees easily, and proportion, a distance change bigger; Molecules of salt is not volatile, and proportion, a distance change less.Under the seawater prerequisite that boiling is vaporized comprehensively in High Temperature High Pressure in the high speed rotating of ultra-high speed whizzer, (seawater is in the High Temperature High Pressure boiling, the fresh water molecule is owing to containing more volatile components, so change very greatly with proportion along with the rising water liquid of temperature is long-pending by high-temperature evaporation easily; It is owing to containing more difficult volatiles, so change very little along with the rising water liquid of temperature is long-pending with proportion that molecules of salt is difficult for by high-temperature evaporation.) behind the flash deflation, the strong gas atomization of huge energy High Temperature High Pressure that mixed solution is discharged by explosion, moment, gas sharply expanded, intermolecular impact force increases, high temperature and high pressure gas breaks through gap between the mixed solution water molecules with the pressure that surpasses the external atmosphere pressure manyfold, high temperature and high pressure gas is fallen over each other and is squeezed outward, drop is swollen at once in all directions come, and intermolecular distance becomes several times to strengthen sharply diffusion of the vaporific steam of formation (hanging drop).Salt quasi-molecule liquid is owing to be difficult for being vaporized the bigger particle of formation.Reach the difference in specific gravity that enlarges to greatest extent between salt quasi-molecule and the fresh water molecule, ultra-high speed centrifugal force greater than the effect of vapour pressure brute force under vapour, liquid separate, the distribution of particles that makes its proportion maximum is in the periphery, the particle of proportion minimum is near turning axle, reaches to separate purpose and their moments are kept apart.In heating container pressure kettle body of heater, inject the quick pressurized, heated vaporization of the laggard row of pre-hot sea water, centrifugal chamber is placed in employing ultra-high speed centrifugal force rotation on the ultra-high speed whizzer, cap valve flash deflation in opening boiler, make the high temperature and high pressure gas in its mixed solution discharge huge energy between in an instant, the hot gas wave sharply diffuse volumetric proportion that is multiplied rapidly alleviates rapidly at double.Under action of centrifugal force, isolate different proportion gas-liquids, sealing coat check valve moment (auto-closing) is set in the centrifugal chamber body isolates different proportion gas-liquids, the lighter mixing gas-liquid of proportion of separator well is transported in the quick cooling chamber, and being cooled off fast to condense by the overlapping spiral coil cooling tube of settling in the quick cooling chamber of the multilayer of filling with Mare Frigoris water promptly becomes fresh water.Peripheral bottom at centrifugal chamber is provided with the strong brine discharge outlet.So constantly circulation repeatedly.

Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: the closed high-duty boiler is made up of two parts, top is provided with pre-hot sea water transport pipe water-in and gas check valve conduit air inlet, and the bottom is provided with in the boiler cap valve and is connected with the explosion chamber that reduces pressure and is equipped with high pressure admission mouth and water level displaying tube; Explosion chamber is large-scale closed container, is 20 times that boiler holds body approximately, and water liquid is fully gasified, in establish the multilayer heating net, top is connected with high-duty boiler, the bottom is connected with the high speed centrifugation chamber; Heating net is that layer stereo type network heat net can form high-density high temperature air filtration layer; Centrifugal chamber is handicapping sideboard and a sealing coat check valve in the symmetric form, externally high temperature mixed solution discharge outlet is set and is communicated with water pump, and peripheral bottom is provided with the strong brine discharge outlet; Stop plate and be the multilayer division board to increase the vapour molecule running resistance, slow down travelling speed; It is the high air-sensitive time-delay auto-closing switch one-way cock of only export but no import that the sealing coat check valve can adopt the magnetic valve working forms; Insulated chamber is by isolated strong brine storing chamber in moment; The ultra-high speed whizzer is a ultra-high speed stereoscopic built-up type special centrifugal machine; Quick cooling chamber is that the closed built-in overlapping spiral coil cooling tube of multilayer of filling with Mare Frigoris water is convenient to quick cooling, cooling room top is provided with two apertures, one aperture is that high temperature mixed solution admission port is communicated with water pump, another hole is a preheating water pipe water outlet, the bottom also is provided with two apertures, one hole is the fresh water water outlet, and another hole replenishes the liquid import for Mare Frigoris water and is communicated with water pump.

The workflow of centrifugal isolator for efficient seawater desalination is, 1. Mare Frigoris water heating: open Mare Frigoris water water intaking valve earlier, Mare Frigoris water in the seawater pond is replenished liquid to be delivered in the water-cooled tube of quick cooling chamber bottom by water pump, because the overlapping snakelike water-cooled tube of multilayer is immersed in the cooling room of filling the high temperature mixed solution, can obtain from bottom to top preheating step by step (90 ℃ of water temperature Yue Keda), opening boiler preheating seawater inlet valve again imports in the pressure kettle body of heater, when reaching about 70% water level, the preheating sea level fluctuations (shows) switch and boiler preheating seawater water inlet valve of switching off the pump and Mare Frigoris water inlet valve by water level displaying tube.The power system of ultra-high speed whizzer can be opened, inferior air compressor and the thermal source switch pressurized, heated of opening high-duty boiler, whizzer begins to do the centrifugal body rotation speed of rotation of getting rid of and accelerates gradually, when whizzer reaches maximum speed, the vaporization of comprehensively seething with excitement of the intravital High Temperature High Pressure seawater of high-duty boiler, can open cap valve in the boiler, flash deflation, the mixed solution of High Temperature High Pressure is being impacted the variation of hop states of matter by the strong gas of the High Temperature High Pressure of abrupt release huge energy in explosion chamber, make it to discharge the sharply diffusion of beta maximum energy hot gas wave, make water liquid form vaporific steam (hanging drop) high-density and spread apart, salt quasi-molecule liquid is hit and forms the larger particles drop.Sea water mixing liquid expands rapidly between in an instant, and the volume proportion that is multiplied rapidly alleviates rapidly at double.Add thermosetting high-density high temperature air filtration layer by the multilayer heating net, can help in moment to stop steam by the time increase resistance and with the vaporific steam selected difference in specific gravity of high-temperature gasification repeatedly once more.Multilayer is set stops plate increase steam running resistance, slow down travelling speed, make the particle of proportion maximum leading fast, enlarge difference in specific gravity and travelling speed between fresh water molecule and the molecules of salt to greatest extent.In a single day fresh water molecule and molecules of salt this break away from the body that floods, and power each other just no longer exerts an influence.) under the effect of ultra-high speed centrifugal force greater than steaming almost pressure power, because strong brine is difficult for being kept apart to valve moment auto-closing (delay time approximately 1 second auto-closing) time at peripheral coverlet as the distribution of particles of proportion maximum by high-temperature evaporation (it is the fastest to be subjected to the action of centrifugal force maximum operational speed), (segregate strong brine total amount should account for insulated chamber spatial 70%, account for boiler inject seawater 10%), the particle steam of proportion minimum is kept apart during also by the check valve auto-closing near turning axle.Can close ultra-high speed whizzer propulsion source and high-duty boiler heating source and pneumatic power source this moment simultaneously, stops the rotation until whizzer.

2. produce fresh water: open centrifugal chamber bottom high temperature mixture fluid valve earlier, allow the high temperature mixed solution pour into quick cooling chamber, inferiorly open the fresh water flowing water Valve and pump switch discharges water, (the make-up gas check valve is worked automatically), when the high temperature mixed solution in a single day enter quick cooling chamber just be cooled in the overlapping spiral coil cooling tube of multilayer of indoor arrangement a large amount of Mare Frigoris water fast cooling condense and be converted into fresh water.After the intravital high temperature mixed solution of centrifugal chamber is all discharged, promptly switch off the pump simultaneously switch, high temperature mixture export valve switch, discharging fresh water valve switch and boiler inner cap valve switch are opened centrifugal chamber peripheral bottom valve switch at last and are opened sealing coat check valve switch discharging strong brine after a while again.So constantly move in endless cycles repeatedly.(once circulating about 10 minutes)

Owing to adopted in the above-mentioned solution and put quick-fried difference in specific gravity vapour, the liquid separating method sea water desaltination, the flash deflation then of vaporizing only need seethe with excitement seawater pressurized, heated in the rotation of ultra-high speed whizzer, the high temperature and high pressure gas that causes sea water mixing liquid to be gone out huge energy in abrupt release impacts into the vaporific steam hanging drop of high-density, intermolecular distance becomes several times to strengthen, the long-pending proportion that is multiplied rapidly of water liquid alleviates at double, make between fresh water molecule and the molecules of salt to produce maximum difference in specific gravity, under the ultra-high speed centrifugal action, isolate fresh water and strong brine then and their moments are kept apart.It is simple in structure, less investment, stable performance, power consumption seldom, system water express train, incrustation scale few (and being convenient to remove), cost be low, it is high especially to go out fresh water yield, (being particularly suitable for the concentrated seawater desalination) can use in various fields.Really accomplish what the nearly one thousand years people looked forward to always: cost is low, equipment is simple, cheap, output is very high popularize in an all-round way need not to distill the popular sea water desalinating plant that can directly seawater be changed into fresh water.(evaporation of water body can only be carried out at liquid-gas interface, because water body can not evaporate in inside, has determined that water is a kind of slow evaporated liquid, and can not volatilize rapidly).

The present invention is further described with embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing one, accompanying drawing two.

Accompanying drawing one is high-duty boiler, explosion chamber, centrifugal chamber and the quick cooling chamber principle of work simplified diagram of the centrifugal isolator for efficient seawater desalination of the embodiment of the invention.

Accompanying drawing two is the static shape of ultra-high speed whizzer and work shape principle of work simplified diagram of the centrifugal isolator for efficient seawater desalination of the embodiment of the invention.

A kind of centrifugal isolator for efficient seawater desalination of the present invention is shown in accompanying drawing one, accompanying drawing two, opening valve (4), valve (7) opens water pump (3) the Mare Frigoris water (2) in seawater pond (1) is pressed in the overlapping spiral coil cooling tube of multilayer (5), because cooling tube (5) is placed in interior high temperature mixed solution (24) immersion liquid of quick cooling chamber (6), make Mare Frigoris water (2) obtain importing in the heating container high-duty boiler (8) after the preheating.When water level displaying tube (10) showed that pre-hot sea water has reached boiler (8) body in about 70% water level, (3) while valve-off (4), valve (7) again can switch off the pump.Can open ultra-high speed whizzer (19) propulsion source (20) switch, the pressurized source (11) of inferior unlatching high-duty boiler (8), heating source (12) and the vaporization of heating net (15) thermal source switch pressurized, heated.Allow whizzer (19) get rid of body rotation and acceleration gradually, when the rotating speed of ultra-high speed whizzer (19) reaches maximum speed, can open the interior cap valve (9) of boiler allows the High Temperature High Pressure mixed solution enter the interior flash deflation of explosion chamber (14), mixed solution is promptly impacted rapidly by the high temperature and high pressure gas of abrupt release huge energy and expands, the gas expansion work done discharges beta maximum energy, water liquid forms vaporific steam hanging drop under high temperature and high pressure gas impacts, intermolecular distance becomes several times to strengthen, and the volume proportion that is multiplied alleviates at double.Add thermosetting high-density high temperature air filtration layer (can help in moment to stop steam by time increase resistance) by multilayer heating net (15), when vaporific steam is passed through under being subjected to the effect of centrifugal force greater than the vapour pressure brute force, the high-temperature gas selected difference in specific gravity that gasifies repeatedly must be subjected to once more, the difference in specific gravity between fresh water molecule and the molecules of salt can be enlarged to greatest extent.Theoretical and experiment shows: " distribution of particles of proportion maximum is in the periphery when the whizzer high speed rotating, and the particle of proportion minimum is near turning axle ".Because the particle strong brine of proportion maximum is difficult for being vaporized, under action of centrifugal force, allow the distribution of particles of the fastest proportion maximum of these travelling speed in the periphery, reached required difference in specific gravity and separated purpose and its effect auto-closing of following moment at sealing coat check valve (18) is kept apart.Promptly close heating source (12), multilayer heating net (15) heating source switch and the pneumatic power source switch (11) of ultra-high speed whizzer (19) propulsion source (20) switch, boiler (8) simultaneously, allow whizzer (19) rotation slow down gradually until stopping the rotation.In case after opening the valve opening water pump (23) of valve (22), valve (25), the gas unidirectional valve (13) of while only import but no export is make-up gas because negative pressure is worked automatically, high temperature mixed solution (24) is promptly poured in the closed quick cooling chamber (6), condense through the quick cooling of the overlapping spiral coil cooling tube of multilayer (5), fresh water (26) i.e. is the batch output.After the high temperature mixed solution (24) in the centrifugal chamber (16) had been discharged, interior cap valve (9) switch of promptly switch off the pump simultaneously (23), valve (22), valve (25) and boiler was also opened valve (27) and is opened sealing coat check valve (18) switch after a while again with the row of the strong brine (28) in the insulated chamber (21) light.Segregate strong brine (28) total amount should account for insulated chamber (21) spatial 70%, accounts for to inject 10% of seawater (2) in the boiler (8).So constantly circulation repeatedly.

Claims

1. centrifugal isolator for efficient seawater desalination, contain heating container, refrigerating unit, it is characterized in that: adopt flash deflation centrifugal force difference in specific gravity vapour, liquid separating method is placed in explosion chamber (14) with a kind of pressurized, heated container boiler (8) and upward is connected with centrifugal chamber (16), Mare Frigoris water (2) with water pump (3) with import (11) heating (12) vaporization of pressurizeing in the boiler (8) after quick cooling chamber (6) is communicated with preheating, centrifugal chamber (16) is placed in the source (20) that turns on the power on the ultra-high speed whizzer (19) cooperates the ultra-high speed rotation, cap valve (9) places boiler (8) and explosion chamber (14) junction in the boiler, heating net (15) places explosion chamber (14) and centrifugal chamber (16) junction, behind explosion chamber (14) flash deflation, discharge huge energy pressure gas seawater (2) is atomized into hanging drop, the volume proportion that expands rapidly alleviates rapidly, vapour after heating net (15) high-temperature gas layer filters gasification more repeatedly, liquid separates, under the effect of whizzer (19) ultra-high speed rotary centrifugal force, isolate different proportion gas-liquids, the obstruction plate (17) that is provided with in centrifugal chamber (16) slows down the steam travelling speed after multilayer stops, enlarge the difference in specific gravity between vapour molecule to greatest extent, importing after from mix gas-liquid, isolating different specific gravity liquid (24) and is connected with quick cooling chamber (6) by sealing coat check valve (18) moment that is provided with in the centrifugal chamber (16) by water pump (23), by the overlapping spiral coil cooling tube of its built-in multilayer (5) fast cooling condense and become fresh water (26), strong brine (28) total amount that is isolated accounts for insulated chamber (21) spatial 70%.