CN1375189A - Method of raising yield of three-line cotton hybrid - Google Patents

Method of raising yield of three-line cotton hybrid Download PDF

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CN1375189A
CN1375189A CN 01111597 CN01111597A CN1375189A CN 1375189 A CN1375189 A CN 1375189A CN 01111597 CN01111597 CN 01111597 CN 01111597 A CN01111597 A CN 01111597A CN 1375189 A CN1375189 A CN 1375189A
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seed
cotton
hybrid
male sterile
line
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CN1164163C (en
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王学德
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for improving seed output by three series hybridization. It is as follows: making ijiaoye, brown fibre and bare cotton seed marker to transform into cottn cytoplasmic male sterile series breed above 3 into sterile series respectively; after mixing marker sterile series seed and recovery series seed in proportion, to plant said; to differentiate according to marker shape and harvest crossbreed seed from cotton stack of sterile series harvest self-bred seed from cotton stack of recovery series; between 3 kind of marker sterile series and their recovery series, 3 kind of crossbreed cotton can be developed.

Description

Improve the method for yield of three-line cotton hybrid
The present invention relates to the crops genetic breeding, relate in particular to a kind of method that improves yield of three-line cotton hybrid.
Hybrid vigour is the universal phenomenon of biosphere.Crops have tangible hybrid vigour, and hybrid more than 15%, is the important means that improves crop yield, quality and resistance now than purebred volume increase often.High yield and the high-quality brought as the hybrid vigour of crops such as corn, paddy rice, rape, jowar make a great contribution to world's food security.
Three are, promptly male sterile line, maintenance line and recovery system are to utilize cytoplasmic male sterility in plants to carry out the system of hybrid seed production (production of hybrid seeds).Three is but that reproductive ability should be arranged, and male sterile line self can not produce activated pollen grain, and its breeding is to supply with pollen by maintenance line to realize, maintenance line and recovery are malely normally can educate, and selfing can be bred filial generation respectively.When male sterile line was planted at interval with recovery system, because the existence of pollination medium, male sterile line was to obtain the seed of being tied behind the pollen to be hybrid seed from recovering.It is sharp that the mode of production of this hybrid seed is called as " three line method " system.Its advantage is to have saved artificial " castration " and " pollination " two links when the production of hybrid seeds.The three line method production of hybrid seeds that utilizes cytoplasmic male sterility is the main seed production way of current crops hybrid seed.
The research that female sterility of cotton three is starts from the U.S..The seventies, Meyer (1973) breeds and granting has the cytoplasmic male sterile line of gossypium harknessii brand (G.harknessii Brand.), but there are defectives such as the strong and hybrid seed yield of restoring force is lower owing to recover system, fail to realize the industrialization of three-line cotton seed always.China has also bred a collection of material that has certain breeding to be worth in succession since the mid-80 is introduced the gossypium harknessii brand cytoplasm male sterility three line from the U.S., but does not also see the report of successful Application on producing.At present, the production of cotton hybrid mainly is to obtain by " artificial emasculation pollination's method " in the world, but its chemical industry, when changing and the cost height, large-area applications is restricted.
In recent years, Zhejiang University breeds the transgenic restorer line " Zhejiang University is extensive by force " that a fertility restorer to male sterile line has strong restoring force with transgenic technology, overcome the recovery system defective not strong that does not overcome as yet in the world effectively, and successfully filtered out a strong excellent combination " Zhejiang assorted 166 " the male sterile line restoring force; But, also need have a kind of convenience, economy and effective producing method for seed supporting with it.Three-line cotton hybrid Tanaka, male sterile line and recovery system normally plant at interval, generally are to recover to be 2 meters of its spacing distance average out to every slotting 2 row of planting of the capable male sterile line of 4-6; Because of the cotton pollen grain is bigger, to be that cotton plant is far away more just difficultly more obtain pollen from recovering system to the male sterile line cotton plant apart from recovering, and the pollen deficiency that the male sterile line cotton plant is set seeds required occurs.The male sterile line cotton plant is if can not get pollen, and its cotton boll will come off, and the hybrid seed yield of final hybrid seed is just not high.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of is mixed planting by marking sterile series and recovery, and shortening recovery is the space length of pollinating between cotton plant and male sterile line cotton plant, improves the method for the raising yield of three-line cotton hybrid of natural outcrossing rate.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention takes following measures.
The step of the method for raising yield of three-line cotton hybrid is as follows:
1) uses cross breeding method, with chicken foot leaf, brown fibre and 3 kinds of mark property transformations of light seed in cotton cells matter male sterile line, breed 3 kinds of male sterile lines with mark property, chicken foot leaf male sterile line " chicken A ", brown fibre male sterile line " brown A " and light seed male sterile line " light A ", and derive and be;
2) in the three-line cotton hybrid field that the isolation condition is arranged, be that seed mixes back sowing in proportion with marking sterile series seed and recovery, according to mark property distinguish and results male sterile line cotton plant on hybrid seed be selfed seed on the cotton plant with recovering.
3) be that mixed planting produces 1 type hybrid cotton seed in the seed farm that natural different friendship condition is arranged with a kind of marking sterile series and corresponding recovery; 3 kinds of mark property male sterile lines produce 3 types hybrid cotton, first chicken foot leaf male sterile line recovers the hybrid cotton that the half chicken foot leaf type that produces is hybridized in system with normal leaf, it two is hybrid cottons that brown fibre male sterile line and white fiber recover the light brown fibrous type that system's hybridization produces, its three hybrid cotton that to be light seed male sterile lines recover the hair seed type that system's hybridization produces with the hair seed.
The present invention is by the mark property male sterile line of breeding 3 kinds, and every kind of mark property male sterile line plant and its recovery be plant mixed planting, reaches to improve natural outcrossing rate and the hybrid seed hybrid seed yield is the producing method for seed of a kind of improvement of purpose.The producing method for seed of this improvement, its advantage is that the marking sterile series seed is that seed mixes the back sowing in proportion with recovery, male sterile line and recovery have been shortened on the one hand greatly and are the pollination distance between plant, make male sterile line obtain sufficient pollen, reduce the shedding of cotton bolls, improving the output of individual plant hybrid seed, is selfed seed on the plant according to the hybrid seed on very easy differentiation of mark property and the results male sterile line plant with recovering on the other hand.The hybrid cotton of half chicken foot leaf type shows as precocity, mashed official seal is few and blow-of-cottons are smooth; The hybrid cotton of light brown fibrous type has overcome the defective of conventional brown cotton output than low and inferior quality; The hybrid cotton of hair seed type show as fiber quality better and output higher.
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is elaborated:
In the method for raising yield of three-line cotton hybrid three is to be meant cotton cells matter male sterile line, maintenance line and recovery system, the production of hybrid seeds is meant the process that the first filial generation seed is produced in male sterile line and the hybridization of its recovery system, the first filial generation cotton is called hybrid cotton, hybrid F commonly used 1Expression, hybrid F 1Advantage with output, quality and resistance.
3 kinds of mark properties all are heritable simple shape proterties of easily debating, and chicken foot leaf is to be subjected to the complete leaf of dominant gene L ° L ° control to be the proterties of chicken pin shape, and brown fibre is to be subjected to dominant gene Lc 1Lc 1The fiber of control is brown proterties, and the light seed is to be subjected to recessive gene n 2n 2The seed of control does not have the proterties of short flannel, and mark property is the proterties that gene mutation causes for recovery is relativity, that is: chicken foot leaf is mutant character for white fiber and light seed for the hair seed for normal leaf, brown fibre.
Derive is to be meant that with chicken foot leaf male sterile line " chicken A ", brown fibre male sterile line " brown A " and light seed male sterile line " light A " be the corresponding marking sterile series that has relationship by blood that basic material is bred.
The isolation condition is meant the distance isolation that has geographically between seed farm and non-seed farm more than 2 kilometers.
The marking sterile series seed is that the ratio that seed mixes is 2-4 with recovering: 1, the marking sterile series seed is that seed mixes the back sowing with recovery, its effect is that the shortening recovery is the space length that pollen passes to the male sterile line column cap, to improve natural outcrossing rate, male sterile line bolling rate and hybrid seed output.
The hybrid seed of distinguishing on the male sterile line cotton plant according to mark property is a selfed seed on the cotton plant with recovering, be meant that at marking sterile series cotton plant and non-marked recovery be in the population mixture of cotton plant, gather in the crops the seed of mark and non-marked plant respectively, seed on the mark plant is a hybrid seed, seed on the non-marked plant is for recovering the selfed seed of system, in the seed farm of the mixed planting that chicken foot leaf marking sterile series and normal leaf recovery are, seed on the chicken foot leaf cotton plant is hybrid seed, seed on the normal leaf cotton plant is for recovering the selfed seed of system, recover in the seed farm of mixed planting of system at brown fibre marking sterile series and white fiber, long have the seed of brown fibre to be hybrid seed, the seed of long adularescent fiber is the selfed seed that recovers system, in the seed farm of the mixed planting that light seed male sterile line and the recovery of hair seed are, unginned cotton after results seed after rolling fiber has two classes, one class is that the light seed is hybrid seed, another kind of is that mao seed is the selfed seed that recovers system, can distinguish light seed and hair seed through sieve.
Natural different friendship is meant that recovering is that the pollen of cotton plant passes on the male sterile line column cap by insect and wind-force and male sterile line of realizing and the hybridization that recovers between being.
Embodiment:
1) be female parent with cytoplasmic male sterile line " middle 12A ", the upland cotton strain " chicken B " that contains L ° L ° of dominance chicken foot leaf gene is a male parent, and sexual hybridization obtains hybrid F 1---→ with F 1Sterile strain is maternal, with chicken foot leaf Strains of Chickens B is recurrent parent, backcross---→ obtain backcross from generation to generation in select sterile individual plant of good chicken foot leaf and recurrent parent to carry out the 2nd time to backcross---→ so successive selection with backcross more than 5 generations, obtain the sterile strain of chicken foot leaf system and be " chicken A ", corresponding recurrent parent chicken B is the maintenance line of chicken A.
" middle 12A " is female parent with cytoplasmic male sterile line, contains brown fibre gene Lc 1Lc 1Upland cotton strain " brown B " be male parent, sexual hybridization obtains hybrid F 1---→ with F 1Sterile strain is maternal, B is a recurrent parent with brown fibre strain palm fibre, backcross---→ obtain backcross from generation to generation in select sterile individual plant of good brown fibre and recurrent parent to carry out the 2nd time to backcross---→ so successive selection with backcross more than 5 generations, obtain the sterile strain of brown fibre system and be " brown A ", corresponding recurrent parent palm fibre B is the maintenance line of brown A.
" middle 12A " is female parent with cytoplasmic male sterile line, contains light seed gene n 2n 2Upland cotton strain " light B " be male parent, sexual hybridization obtains hybrid F 1---→ with F 1Sterile strain is maternal, B is a recurrent parent with light seed strain light, backcross---→ obtain backcross from generation to generation in select sterile individual plant of good smooth seed and recurrent parent to carry out the 2nd time to backcross---→ so successive selection with backcross more than 5 generations, obtain the sterile strain of light seed system and be " light A ", corresponding recurrent parent light B is the maintenance line of light A.
2) in the seed farm of the hybrid cotton that the isolation condition is arranged, chicken foot leaf male sterile line " chicken A " seed and normal leaf are recovered system's " Zhejiang University is extensive by force " seed by 2-4: sow after 1 ratio is mixed, when having two true leaves, seedling carries out thinning and final singling for the 30-40 centimetre after emerging by spacing in the rows, after buddingging, cotton plant near seed farm, puts honeybee in a suitable place to breed in the ratio of every mu of 2-3 case, increase pollination medium, improve outcrossing rate, preventing disease pest control dusk of selecting honeybee to return behind the nest of spraying insecticide carries out, to avoid agricultural chemicals to contact with the direct of honeybee, the unginned cotton of chicken foot leaf cotton plant is separated results with the unginned cotton of normal leaf cotton plant during cotton harvesting, be hybrid seed from the seed of chicken foot leaf cotton plant (male sterile line cotton plant) results, being recovery from the seed of normal leaf cotton plant (recovery is a cotton plant) results is seed.
In the seed farm of the hybrid cotton that the isolation condition is arranged, brown fibre male sterile line " brown A " seed and white fiber are recovered " Zhejiang University is extensive by force " the seed 2-4 of system: 1 mixes the back sowing in proportion, when having two true leaves, seedling carries out thinning and final singling for the 30-40 centimetre after emerging by spacing in the rows, after buddingging, cotton plant near seed farm, puts honeybee in a suitable place to breed in the ratio of every mu of 2-3 case, increase pollination medium, improve outcrossing rate, preventing disease pest control dusk of selecting honeybee to return behind the nest of spraying insecticide carries out, to avoid agricultural chemicals to contact with the direct of honeybee, the unginned cotton of brown fibre is separated results with the unginned cotton of white fiber during cotton harvesting, the seed that shuts out from brown unginned cotton is hybrid seed, and it is seed that the seed that shuts out from white unginned cotton is recovery.
In the seed farm of the hybrid cotton that the isolation condition is arranged, light seed male sterile line " light A " seed is recovered " Zhejiang University is extensive by force " the seed 2-4 of system with the hair seed: 1 mixes the back sowing in proportion, when having two true leaves, seedling carries out thinning and final singling for the 30-40 centimetre after emerging by spacing in the rows, after buddingging, cotton plant near seed farm, puts honeybee in a suitable place to breed in the ratio of every mu of 2-3 case, increase pollination medium, improve outcrossing rate, preventing disease pest control dusk of selecting honeybee to return behind the nest of spraying insecticide carries out, to avoid agricultural chemicals to contact with the direct of honeybee, mix during cotton harvesting and receive unginned cotton, the seed that shuts out passes through sieve, the light seeds of no short flannel can pass through sieve aperture, and fuzzy hair seeds is still stayed on the sieve, and the light seeds of crossing sieve aperture is the hybrid cotton seed, and a hair seeds of crossing sieve aperture is that to recover be seed.
3) be the hybrid cotton seed of producing in the seed farm of mixed planting at chicken foot leaf male sterile line and corresponding recovery, can supply production application, the leaf of this hybrid cotton is half chicken foot leaf type, except that showing as on yield and quality the hybrid vigour, has precocity, the mashed advantage that official seal is few and blow-of-cottons are smooth.
At brown fibre male sterile line and corresponding recovery is the hybrid cotton seed of producing in the seed farm of mixed planting, can supply production application, and the fiber of this hybrid cotton is the light brown type, can effectively overcome the defective of conventional brown cotton output than low and inferior quality.
At light seed male sterile line and corresponding recovery is the hybrid cotton seed of producing in the seed farm of mixed planting, can supply production application, and this hybrid cotton is except showing as on yield and quality the hybrid vigour, and its form, g and D are similar to the upland cotton conventional variety.

Claims (8)

1. method that improves yield of three-line cotton hybrid is characterized in that its step is as follows:
1) uses cross breeding method, with chicken foot leaf, brown fibre and 3 kinds of mark property transformations of light seed in cotton cells matter male sterile line, breed 3 kinds of male sterile lines with mark property, chicken foot leaf male sterile line " chicken A ", brown fibre male sterile line " brown A " and light seed male sterile line " light A ", and derive and be;
2) in the three-line cotton hybrid field that the isolation condition is arranged, be that seed mixes back sowing in proportion with marking sterile series seed and recovery, according to mark property distinguish and results male sterile line cotton plant on hybrid seed be selfed seed on the cotton plant with recovering;
3) be that mixed planting produces 1 type hybrid cotton seed in the seed farm that natural different friendship condition is arranged with a kind of marking sterile series and corresponding recovery, 3 kinds of mark property male sterile lines produce 3 types hybrid cotton, first chicken foot leaf male sterile line recovers the hybrid cotton that the half chicken foot leaf type that produces is hybridized in system with normal leaf, it two is hybrid cottons that brown fibre male sterile line and white fiber recover the light brown fibrous type that system's hybridization produces, its three hybrid cotton that to be light seed male sterile lines recover the hair seed type that system's hybridization produces with the hair seed.
2. a kind of method that improves yield of three-line cotton hybrid according to claim 1, it is characterized in that said three is to be meant cotton cells matter male sterile line, maintenance line and recovery system, the production of hybrid seeds is meant the process that the first filial generation seed is produced in male sterile line and the hybridization of its recovery system, the first filial generation cotton is called hybrid cotton, hybrid F commonly used 1Expression, hybrid F 1Advantage with output, quality and resistance.
3. a kind of method that improves yield of three-line cotton hybrid according to claim 1, it is characterized in that said 3 kinds of mark properties all are heritable simple shape proterties of easily debating, chicken foot leaf is to be subjected to the complete leaf of dominant gene L ° L ° control to be the proterties of chicken pin shape, and brown fibre is to be subjected to dominant gene Lc 1Lc 1The fiber of control is brown proterties, and the light seed is to be subjected to recessive gene n 2n 2The seed of control does not have the proterties of short flannel, and mark property is the proterties that gene mutation causes for recovery is relativity, that is: chicken foot leaf is mutant character for white fiber and light seed for the hair seed for normal leaf, brown fibre.
4. a kind of method that improves yield of three-line cotton hybrid according to claim 1 is characterized in that said deriving is to be meant that with chicken foot leaf male sterile line " chicken A ", brown fibre male sterile line " brown A " and light seed male sterile line " light A " be the corresponding marking sterile series that has relationship by blood that basic material is bred.
5. a kind of method that improves yield of three-line cotton hybrid according to claim 1 is characterized in that the distance isolation that said isolation condition is meant to be had between seed farm and non-seed farm more than 2 kilometers geographically.
6. a kind of method that improves yield of three-line cotton hybrid according to claim 1, it is characterized in that said marking sterile series seed is that the ratio that seed mixes is 2-4 with recovering: 1, the marking sterile series seed is that seed mixes the back sowing with recovery, its effect is that the shortening recovery is the space length that pollen passes to the male sterile line column cap, to improve natural outcrossing rate, male sterile line bolling rate and hybrid seed output.
7. a kind of method that improves yield of three-line cotton hybrid according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the said hybrid seed of distinguishing on the male sterile line cotton plant according to mark property is a selfed seed on the cotton plant with recovering, be meant that at marking sterile series cotton plant and non-marked recovery be in the population mixture of cotton plant, gather in the crops the seed of mark and non-marked plant respectively, seed on the mark plant is a hybrid seed, seed on the non-marked plant is for recovering the selfed seed of system, in the seed farm of the mixed planting that chicken foot leaf marking sterile series and normal leaf recovery are, seed on the chicken foot leaf cotton plant is hybrid seed, seed on the normal leaf cotton plant is for recovering the selfed seed of system, recover in the seed farm of mixed planting of system at brown fibre marking sterile series and white fiber, long have the seed of brown fibre to be hybrid seed, the seed of long adularescent fiber is the selfed seed that recovers system, in the seed farm of the mixed planting that light seed male sterile line and the recovery of hair seed are, unginned cotton after results seed after rolling fiber has two classes, one class is that the light seed is hybrid seed, another kind of is that mao seed is the selfed seed that recovers system, can distinguish light seed and hair seed through sieve.
8. a kind of method that improves yield of three-line cotton hybrid according to claim 1 is characterized in that said natural different friendship is meant that recovering is that the pollen of cotton plant passes on the male sterile line column cap by insect and wind-force and male sterile line of realizing and the hybridization that recovers between being.
CNB011115971A 2001-03-20 2001-03-20 Method of raising yield of three-line cotton hybrid Expired - Fee Related CN1164163C (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104255435A (en) * 2014-09-24 2015-01-07 西北农林科技大学 Breeding method of semi-okra leaf type cotton variety
CN107318642A (en) * 2017-08-24 2017-11-07 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 A kind of cotton cells matter sterile line breeding high efficiency seed method
CN107347633A (en) * 2017-08-30 2017-11-17 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 A kind of sterile " triple hybrid " the breeding high efficiency seed method of cotton cells matter
CN107810849A (en) * 2016-09-14 2018-03-20 中国彩棉(集团)股份有限公司 A kind of selection of brown long wool cotton variety
CN109874664A (en) * 2019-04-25 2019-06-14 湖南省棉花科学研究所 A kind of cotton three series cross breeding process

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104255435A (en) * 2014-09-24 2015-01-07 西北农林科技大学 Breeding method of semi-okra leaf type cotton variety
CN107810849A (en) * 2016-09-14 2018-03-20 中国彩棉(集团)股份有限公司 A kind of selection of brown long wool cotton variety
CN107318642A (en) * 2017-08-24 2017-11-07 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 A kind of cotton cells matter sterile line breeding high efficiency seed method
CN107347633A (en) * 2017-08-30 2017-11-17 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 A kind of sterile " triple hybrid " the breeding high efficiency seed method of cotton cells matter
CN107347633B (en) * 2017-08-30 2019-07-16 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 A kind of sterile " triple hybrid " breeding high efficiency seed method of cotton cells matter
CN109874664A (en) * 2019-04-25 2019-06-14 湖南省棉花科学研究所 A kind of cotton three series cross breeding process

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