CN1373110A - Method for preparing loose ammonium nitrate crystals by using anti-hardening agent - Google Patents
Method for preparing loose ammonium nitrate crystals by using anti-hardening agent Download PDFInfo
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- CN1373110A CN1373110A CN 02113572 CN02113572A CN1373110A CN 1373110 A CN1373110 A CN 1373110A CN 02113572 CN02113572 CN 02113572 CN 02113572 A CN02113572 A CN 02113572A CN 1373110 A CN1373110 A CN 1373110A
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- Prior art keywords
- ammonium nitrate
- setting agent
- crystallization
- ammonium
- agent
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- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 22
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000010855 food raising agent Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004131 EU approved raising agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-heptadecyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 octadecyl primary amine Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- RZJRJXONCZWCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC RZJRJXONCZWCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004141 Sodium laurylsulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000031709 bromination Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005893 bromination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- VICYBMUVWHJEFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyltrimethylammonium ion Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C VICYBMUVWHJEFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- DEIGXXQKDWULML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,5,6,9,10-hexabromocyclododecane Chemical compound BrC1CCC(Br)C(Br)CCC(Br)C(Br)CCC1Br DEIGXXQKDWULML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001800 Shellac Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021502 aluminium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004208 shellac Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N shellac Chemical compound OCCCCCC(O)C(O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O.C1C23[C@H](C(O)=O)CCC2[C@](C)(CO)[C@@H]1C(C(O)=O)=C[C@@H]3O ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013874 shellac Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940113147 shellac Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- UZFMBTHANHHTEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzylnaphthalene;sodium Chemical compound [Na].C=1C=CC2=CC=CC=C2C=1CC1=CC=CC=C1 UZFMBTHANHHTEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000856 Amylose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001828 Gelatine Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940081735 acetylcellulose Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940075507 glyceryl monostearate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- WYTNTFGZBBTWNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M methyl sulfate;trimethyl(octadecyl)azanium Chemical compound COS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C WYTNTFGZBBTWNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001788 mono and diglycerides of fatty acids Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940038384 octadecane Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trizinc;diborate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960003742 phenol Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960004274 stearic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010446 mirabilite Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 2
- XGSVQGOPJUAOQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;2-methyl-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene Chemical compound [Al+3].CC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O XGSVQGOPJUAOQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011094 fiberboard Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001253206 Andrias Species 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108060003393 Granulin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004895 Lipoproteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090001030 Lipoproteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007306 functionalization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000232 gallbladder Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 102000017941 granulin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019388 lanolin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- RKISUIUJZGSLEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[2-(octadecanoylamino)ethyl]octadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NCCNC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC RKISUIUJZGSLEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YIEDSISPYKQADU-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-acetyl-n-[2-methyl-4-[(2-methylphenyl)diazenyl]phenyl]acetamide Chemical compound C1=C(C)C(N(C(C)=O)C(=O)C)=CC=C1N=NC1=CC=CC=C1C YIEDSISPYKQADU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CKQVRZJOMJRTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid;propane-1,2,3-triol Chemical compound OCC(O)CO.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O CKQVRZJOMJRTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008313 sensitization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940001516 sodium nitrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002982 water resistant material Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The loose ammonium nitrate crystal of the present invention consists of ammonium nitrate crystal and composite anti-hardening agent. The method is characterized in that the post-addition method of the anti-hardening agent is to add the anti-hardening agent into the thermal-state crystallized ammonium nitrate after the vacuum crystallization is finished, and the packaging temperature is controlled below 70 ℃ by adopting a cooling device. The method aims to solve and limit the tendency that the crystallized ammonium nitrate is easy to form the mirabilite during storage. The anti-hardening agent consists of a composite anionic and cationic surfactant, an anti-sticking agent and the like. The product is stored for six months, and the loose degree is more than 95%. When the ammonium nitrate fuel oil is applied to industrial explosives, an ammonium nitrate airflow crushing process can be eliminated, and the hidden danger in the ammonium nitrate crushing process is avoided. The anti-hardening agent of the present invention can also be effectively applied to potassium nitrate.
Description
The present invention relates to current industrial explosive master composition crystalline powder modification of ammonium nitrate preparation method, loose ammonium nitrate crystals of particularly a kind of suitable preparation rock powdery an-tnt-oil explosive, permitted explosive for coal mine and powdered ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosive and preparation method thereof.This loose ammonium nitrate crystals is made up of common crystalline powder ammonium nitrate and compound anti-setting agent.
Till settled the present, crystalline powder ammonium nitrate is because production technique is easy, facility investment is few, production efficiency is high, easy-to-use air-flow or rolling equipment grinding and processing, so remain various powder industrial explosive major ingredient oxygenants.But because ammonium nitrate has easy moisture absorption, Yi Jingbian, salt bridge recrystallization and loads inherent defects such as easily fixed down, and since ammonium nitrate crystals at production process discharging, packaging temp often more than 90 ℃, its crystal powder is thin again, so ammonium nitrate crystals is than the easier caking of ammonium nitrate, thereby easily moisture absorption caking, storage period are short thereupon in storing and using to make industrial explosive, influence blast performance, even lost efficacy.Therefore the easy caking defective that solves ammonium nitrate crystals becomes to be badly in need of solving and long-term unsolved technical barrier.
Since half a century, scientific and technical personnel have also carried out making great efforts untiringly to the easy caking performance of improving ammonium nitrate crystals.Chinese patent (number of patent application 85100399,1985) adopt in the wheel roller of industrial explosive production process, add a small amount of lubricated, non-blushing thinner (rosin, pitch, diesel oil etc.) synchronously with ammonium nitrate crystals, attempt to improve free-running property, moistureproofness and the water resisting property of industrial explosive system; Chinese patent (the patent number of accepting 8910582,1989) contriver proposes subsequently: with composite dispersing agent and raising agent is grinding medium, by with the ammonium nitrate crystals cal rolling, to improve the easy anti-caking of ammonium nitrate crystals.Above-mentioned all improving technologies, owing to fundamentally do not change the essence of crystallization ammonium nitrate, so effect is not remarkable.(the patent number of accepting 00113070.6 of modern China patent, 2000) invented " low-density snow-like ammonium nitrate and preparation method thereof ", the author finds: produce in the vacuum crystallization process at ammonium nitrate crystals, add the powdery duplex baking powder, in crystallizer, mix under 120～135 ℃ of processing condition, stop then stirring rapid vacuumizing, make the rapid expanded crystallization of mixture in the machine, make low density, flakes ammonium nitrate that free-running property is good.But find the incomplete reasonableness of above-mentioned technology in practice, this technology causes additive easily to take out race in the vacuum crystallization process; And the goods granularity that this technology makes is too thin, and the technology packaging temp is higher than 84.2 ℃ of the brilliant alternating temperature degree of monoclinic crystal of the key of ammonium nitrate again in addition, adds influences such as environment, pressurization, material package material, and goods still have caking phenomenon in storage period.Face the demand in new millennium market, the modification of crystallization ammonium nitrate has become very urgent, the anxious further technical barrier of solution for the treatment of.
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of figure viewed from behind technology, designing a kind ofly provides a kind of preparation method who prepares the good ammonium nitrate crystals of free-running property, and provide a kind of make ammonium nitrate crystals in storage period prevented from caking, produce novel anti-hard caking agent easy to use and rational using method thereof.
The present invention's design: in loose ammonium nitrate crystals, interpolation is processed into performance complement, can be overcome the compound anti-setting agent system of crystallization ammonium nitrate inherent defect by cationic and anionic surfactant and other additive compound, fusing film-making, being intended to make mother liquid concentration is that the ammonium nitrate crystals of 90%-92% and anti-setting agent are in crystallizer, by fusion, vacuum crystallization drying, obtain a kind of free-running property crystallization ammonium nitrate granulin molecule model of even duplex grain structure.For this reason, this compound anti-setting agent must be made up of raising agent, dispersion agent, antisticking agent, non-blushing thinner, lubricant and fire retardant.Non-blushing thinner mainly plays moisture-proof role in the composition, stops the intrusion of ambient moisture; Antisticking agent is scattered in the ammonium nitrate, because the distinctive migration performance of antisticking agent so can move to the ammonium nitrate surface, reduces the intermolecular coefficient of interal friction of ammonium nitrate, improve sliding and resistance to blocking between goods: lubricant plays auxiliary antiblocking function, and can improve the fragility of goods; The effect of fire retardant is that itself has high heat capacity, is difficult to ignite, and can improve the security of the thermotolerance and the production process of system; Wherein the design of raising agent and dispersion agent is the most key; Raising agent is a cats product, it is moistening except rising in anti-setting agent system and ammonium nitrate mixing process, the infiltration, dissemination, it can also make the crystallization ammonium nitrate in vacuum decompression crystallization process, crystal obtains an amount of " microbubble " and " hole ", improves the sensitization performance of ammonium nitrate in industrial explosive; Dispersion agent has adopted in active group and the ammonium nitrate molecule ammonium ion similar anion surfactant on structure and profile, active group is attached on the ammonium nitrate molecule interface, play the brilliant alternating temperature degree and the irreversible change of control ammonium nitrate crystalline form or the keying action of slow variation that improve ammonium nitrate, to keep goods to have the satisfactory stability crystalline form, thereby the ammonium nitrate crystals that the present invention is made, be difficult for adhesion in storage period, non-sclerous, difficult brilliant the change keeps good free-running property.
According to above-mentioned design: the compound anti-setting agent system of a constituent element performance complement of design; Work the raising agent that increases " microbubble " and must adopt cats products such as belt length chain quaternary ammonium salt; The dispersion agent that plays the brilliant control effect of main body must adopt polar functionalities-COOH ,-SO
4H ,-SO
3H ,-PO
4The plane configuration anion surfactant of H; Antisticking agent must be the material of the transportable characteristic of amides tool; Lubricant generally adopts the organic substance that can reduce intermolecular frictional coefficient, and this class material is: stearyl alcohol, hydrogenated oil and fat, courage ester alcohol, glyceryl monostearate, wool grease, whiteruss, polyoxyethylene glycol, Xylo-Mucine etc.; Non-blushing thinner adopts easy film forming water-resistant material, and this class material is cellulose acetate, sodium alginate, carboxyvinyl polymer, shellac, longer chain fatty acid and salt thereof etc.; Fire retardant adopts difficult burning, presses down the organic or inorganic functionalization auxiliary agent of cigarette and attenuation, and this class material is: inorganic combustion inhibitors such as aluminium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide, organic bromine flame retardants such as decabromodiphynly oxide and hexabromocyclododecane.
The composition of the compound anti-setting agent of the present invention (quality %) is:
30～70 raising agents: bromination dodecyl trimethyl ammonium or N-hexadecyl bi-quaternary ammonium salt or
Octadecane amine acetate or methylsulfuric acid octadecyl trimethyl ammonium
5～15 dispersion agents: Sodium Lauryl Sulphate BP/USP or benzyl naphthalene sodium sulfonate or sodium metnylene bis-naphthalene sulfonate
Or amylose gelatine powder sulfuric ester
10～20 antisticking agents: amine hydroxybenzene or octadecyl primary amine or N-methylene stearylamide or Asia
The ethyl bis-stearamides
10～20 non-blushing thinners: cellulose acetate or stearic acid or sodium alginate or shellac
4～10 lubricants: hydrogenated oil and fat or stearyl alcohol or courage ester alcohol or single stearic acid glycerine lipoprotein
1～5 fire retardant: decabromodiphynly oxide or zinc borate or hexabromocyclododecane or aluminium hydroxide
The best of the compound anti-setting agent of the present invention is formed (quality %):
50 raising agents: bromination dodecyl trimethyl ammonium
10 dispersion agents: Sodium Lauryl Sulphate BP/USP
15 antisticking agents: N-methylene stearylamide
15 non-blushing thinners: sodium alginate
7 lubricants: stearyl alcohol
3 fire retardants: decabromodiphynly oxide
The preparation method of loose ammonium nitrate crystals design among the present invention: adopt the vacuum decompression device of producing ammonium nitrate crystals, the concentration that direct employing obtains from dual circulation is 90%～92% ammonium nitrate mother liquor, after operating the dry end of vacuum crystallization routinely, in hot (80～90 ℃) ammonium nitrate crystals before the discharging not, adding a small amount of anti-setting agent in proportion mixes, promptly adopt the back to add anti-setting agent technology, and make goods pass through refrigerating unit, be cooled to pack under the certain temperature, stack the method for storage, can make free-running property crystallization SODIUMNITRATE.
According to above-mentioned design, implement the present invention and the loose ammonium nitrate crystals preparation method and the step that design are; At first in crystallizer, inhaled concentration is the metering ammonium nitrate mother liquor of 90%-92% under negative pressure, keeping the crystallizer technological temperature is 120～130 ℃, vacuum crystallization drying 5～6min under agitation, and vacuum tightness is 0.07～0.09MPa during crystallization, after treating that vacuum crystallization is finished, elder generation's vacuum breaker stops to stir, and adds metering molten state anti-setting agent in this hot crystallization ammonium nitrate, heat of stirring mixing 4-6min in machine is keeping the stirring bottom discharge; Goods transport by belt, through the helical feed refrigerating unit of an about 30m of total length, the ammonium nitrate material dispels the heat through stirring with heat exchange of material under the propelling of propeller blade, the material package temperature is dropped to below 70 ℃, goods of the present invention are packed with stacking store again.
It is as follows that the present invention prepares the optimum process condition of loose ammonium nitrate crystals:
Batch processing ammonium nitrate mother liquor quality 800kg
Ammonium nitrate mother liquor concentration 90%～92%
Anti-setting agent adds concentration 0.15%
Pan feeding and crystallization vacuum tightness 〉=0.07MPa
120～130 ℃ of ammonium nitrate mother liquor temperature
Technological temperature is 120～125 ℃ in the vacuum crystallization machine
Vacuum-drying time 5～6min
Adding molten state anti-setting agent method adds after the vacuum crystallization drying finishes vacuum breaker
Additive heat of stirring in hot ammonium nitrate 5min that does time
Crystallizer mixing speed 23～25r/min
Crystallizer discharge port products temperature≤85 ℃
Goods packaging temp≤70 ℃ behind the helical feed refrigerating unit
Goods stacking height≤10 bags
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage:
1 the present invention adopts the process implementing technological approaches of anti-setting agent reasonable: anti-setting agent adopts the back addition means, guarantee that anti-setting agent do not taken out race by vacuum system, guaranteed its effective interpolation concentration in the crystallization ammonium nitrate, and not at the vacuum system mixed crystallization, make the crystalline particle degree not be fine powdered, and kept the big crystal grain of difficult absorption; Be cooled to packing below 70 ℃, avoided ammonium nitrate in the brilliant height of 84.2 ℃ monoclinic form, thereby made the good ammonium nitrate crystals of free-running property in storage period.
2 successfully introduce negative and positive two class tensio-active agents anti-setting agent simultaneously forms, and is added into antisticking agent, non-blushing thinner, wetting agent and fire retardant, makes the over-all properties of anti-setting agent more perfect.
Back adding technology, process for cooling and the low temperature terms of packing of 3 good anti-setting agents, success were stored goods of the present invention six months, and its shatter value does not lump more than 95%, and is non-sclerous.
4 goods of the present invention are used as the industrial explosive main material, need not pass through the comminution by gas stream operation, directly can in wheel roller, make qualified powder industrial explosive with safe and reliable processing such as reductive agent tritonal, wood powders, the danger of not only having avoided the ammonium nitrate shattering process to lie dormant, reduced the investment and the manpower and materials consumption of setting up pulverizing process again, can be industrial explosive factory and reduce production costs.
The helical feed refrigerating unit of 5 reduction goods packaging temps of the present invention, with low cost, less investment is easy to promote.
Embodiment
1 presses following optimum formula (quality %) implements:
99.85 ammonium nitrate crystals
0.15 compound anti-setting agent
Wherein compound anti-setting agent is formed (quality %) by following the best and is implemented:
50 raising agents: bromination dodecyl trimethyl ammonium
10 dispersion agents: Sodium Lauryl Sulphate BP/USP
15 antisticking agents: N-methylene stearylamide
15 non-blushing thinners: sodium alginate
7 wetting agents; Stearyl alcohol
3 fire retardants: decabromodiphynly oxide
(1) preparation of compound anti-setting agent: will be in proportion six kinds of raw materials such as load weighted stearyl alcohol, pack into simultaneously and have in whipping appts and temp measuring system and the chuck stainless steel cauldron, with steam-heated cal(l)andria to 90～100 ℃, under agitation make material be melt into the homogeneous transparent state, stir insulation 25～30min down at 90～100 ℃, discharging, cooled and solidified become the brown solid mass.The laminar anti-setting agent that thickness is about 0.5～1.0mm is made in processing section on pelleter then.
(2) manufacturing of the present invention: the negative pressure inhaled concentration is 90%～92% the about 800kg of ammonium nitrate mother liquor in crystallizer, under agitation is warming up to 120 ℃, and rapid vacuumizing should reach more than qualified vacuum tightness 〉=0.07MPa vacuum-drying 5-6min in 1-2min; Back vacuum breaker stops to stir down the anti-setting agent that adds metering 1.2kg molten state, and heat of stirring mixes 4-6min, under agitation discharging in machine; Goods are carried by belt, and through the helical feed refrigerating unit, through material turning and heat exchange heat radiation, goods are packing below 70 ℃ in temperature, can make the good ammonium nitrate crystals of free-running property.
The free-running property crystallization ammonium nitrate that utilizes above-mentioned preparation method to make, its outward appearance is pure white, and free-running property is good, and feel goods fineness is more moderate, and storing six months shatter values is 95.6%, the shatter value of goods is referring to table 1 under the Different Package temperature.
Table 1 goods shatter value storage period performance
Comparative parameter is stored to store in one month and was stored six months example of technology classifications in three months
Packaging temp, ℃ shatter value, the % shatter value, the % shatter value, the % index, % comparative example 85 50.00 37.00 25.00 〉=80 embodiment 70 96.24 96.00 95.60 〉=80
2 press following composition (quality %) implements:
99.80 ammonium nitrate crystals
0.20 compound anti-setting agent
Wherein compound anti-setting agent is implemented by following composition (quality %):
70 raising agents: octadecane amine acetate
5 dispersion agents: benzyl naphthalene sodium sulfonate
10 antisticking agent amine hydroxybenzenes
10 non-blushing thinner cellulose acetates
4 lubricants: hydrogenated oil and fat
1 fire retardant: zinc borate
The present invention makes with reference to embodiment 1.
The loose ammonium nitrate crystals that utilizes the present invention to make, without the comminution by gas stream operation, directly as the industrial powder explosive raw material, with compounded oil, tritonal and wood powder, heat blendes together the rock powdery an-tnt-oil explosive No. 2 in rolling, and store and carried out its blast performance of repetition measurement in six months, test result is referring to table 2.
Table 2 combinations technical feature
By the industrial explosive that the present invention makes, store six months repetition measurement performance perameters
Technical indicator
Field performance+performance moisture, % 0.11 0.12≤0.3 cartridge density, g/cm
31.0 1.0 0.95-1.10 gap distances, cm 86 〉=5 explosion velocities, m/s 3,307 3285 〉=3200 brisances, mm 14.90 14.49 〉=12
As seen from Table 2: powder industrial explosive powder stick in storage period of being made by goods free-running property crystallization ammonium nitrate of the present invention keeps soft, and blast performance is stable.
3 press following composition (quality %) implements:
99.90 ammonium nitrate crystals
0.10 compound anti-setting agent
Wherein compound anti-setting agent is implemented by following composition (quality %):
60 raising agents: N-hexadecyl bi-quaternary ammonium salt
8 dispersion agents: sodium metnylene bis-naphthalene sulfonate
12 antisticking agents: octadecyl primary amine
12 non-blushing thinners: stearic acid
6 lubricants: lipidol of gallbladder
2 fire retardants: hexabromocyclododecane
The present invention makes with reference to embodiment 1.
The loose ammonium nitrate crystals that utilizes the present invention to make, according to the 5th group of test method of " GB14372-93 Dangerous Goods Transport explosives analytical test method and criterion " (Transport of dangerous goods-Test method andcriteria of classification for explosives), the ammonium nitrate crystals that contains anti-setting agent has been carried out whether having the check of cap-sensitivity, with the sensitivity of evaluation goods of the present invention to the detonator effect.
Cap-sensitivity by following regulation condition for surveys and method check goods of the present invention: with the goods of the present invention diameter of packing into is that 80mm, pipe range are that the pipe two ends are sealed with fiber board in the fiber board cylinder of 160mm.Packing density is 0.95-0.97g/cm
3Sample is with No. 8 copper cap sensitives.Carry out three balancing tests altogether: all ignite the goods free-running property crystallization ammonium nitrate of the present invention contain anti-setting agent three times.
Through testing identity: the loose ammonium nitrate crystals that contains the compound anti-setting agent of the present invention is not had a cap-sensitivity, so the transportation of goods of the present invention and store and can handle by common crystallization ammonium nitrate prescriptive procedure.
The compound anti-setting agent of 4 the present invention is implemented by following composition (quality %):
30 raising agents: methylsulfuric acid octadecyl trimethyl ammonium
15 dispersion agents: amylose gelatine powder sulfuric ester
20 antisticking agents: ethylenebisstearamide
20 non-blushing thinners: shellac
10 lubricants: glyceryl monostearate
5 fire retardants: aluminium hydroxide
The manufacturing of compound anti-setting agent is with reference to embodiment 1.
The compound anti-setting agent of the present invention is added in the saltpetre of hot (90 ℃) (add concentration be saltpetre quality 0.15%), fully mix, and goods are cooled to 70 ℃ of following package storages (every buttress be 10 bag), through storing three months, the shatter value that contains the saltpetre of anti-setting agent is 99.6%, and the saltpetre shatter value that does not add anti-setting agent only is 60%, illustrate anti-setting agent of the present invention can obviously improve tobacco compound fertilizer form in the easy caking defective of main raw material ammonium nitrate and saltpetre.
Claims (7)
1 one kinds of loose ammonium nitrate crystals are made up of powder crystallization ammonium nitrate and compound anti-setting agent, it is characterized in that directly adopting on the crystallization ammonium nitrate production line that to obtain concentration from dual circulation be 90%～92% the ammonium nitrate mother liquor, add a small amount of laminar compound anti-setting agent, and the vacuum crystallization drying makes loose ammonium nitrate crystals, and its prescription (quality %) is:
Ammonium nitrate 99.80～99.92
Compound anti-setting agent 0.08～0.20
Wherein compound anti-setting agent prescription (quality %) is:
30～70 raising agents: bromination dodecyl trimethyl ammonium or N-hexadecyl bi-quaternary ammonium salt or
Octadecane amine acetate or methylsulfuric acid octadecyl trimethyl ammonium
5～15 dispersion agents: Sodium Lauryl Sulphate BP/USP or benzyl naphthalene sodium sulfonate or sodium metnylene bis-naphthalene sulfonate
Or amylose gelatine powder sulfuric ester
10～20 antisticking agents: amine hydroxybenzene or octadecyl primary amine or N-methylene stearylamide or Asia
The ethyl bis-stearamides
10～20 non-blushing thinners: cellulose acetate or stearic acid or sodium alginate or shellac
4～10 lubricants; Hydrogenated oil and fat or stearyl alcohol or courage ester alcohol or glyceryl monostearate
1～5 fire retardant: decabromodiphynly oxide or zinc borate or hexabromocyclododecane or aluminium hydroxide
2 ammonium nitrate according to claim 1 is characterized in that optimum formula (quality %) is:
99.85 ammonium nitrate crystals
0.15 compound anti-setting agent
Wherein compound anti-setting agent optimum formula (quality %) is:
50 raising agents: bromination dodecyl trimethyl ammonium
10 dispersion agents: Sodium Lauryl Sulphate BP/USP
15 antisticking agents: N-methylene stearylamide
15 non-blushing thinners: sodium alginate
7 lubricants: stearyl alcohol
3 fire retardants: decabromodiphynly oxide
The preparation of the loose ammonium nitrate crystals in 3 claims 1, the back addition means that it is characterized in that anti-setting agent, promptly add stirring in proportion in hot (80～90 ℃) the crystallization ammonium nitrate after vacuum crystallization finishes, it adds concentration 0.08%～0.20%.
The preparation of 4 loose ammonium nitrate crystals according to claim 3 is characterized in that goods must pass through the helical feed refrigerating unit, and control packing of product temperature is below 70 ℃, otherwise goods still easily harden.
5 ammonium nitrate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that directly to be used as the oxidant feed of industrial explosive, need not pass through the comminution by gas stream operation, directly can in rolling equipment, carry out heat and mix worker's processing, make the powder industrial explosive of excellent property with other component of industrial explosive.
6 ammonium nitrate according to claim 1 is characterized in that can not igniting with No. 8 copper shell electrical detonators, and goods promptly of the present invention are not had a cap-sensitivity, can transport and store by common ammonium nitrate crystals.
The compound anti-setting agent of 7 laminar solids according to claim 1, it is characterized in that filling a prescription each component after melting mutually more than 90 ℃, make the solid block material that thickness is about 25mm through cooling, the thick laminar anti-setting agent of 0.5-1.0mm is processed into drum-type or BF-100I type pelleter in the back.
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| CNB02113572XA CN1137071C (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2002-04-08 | Method for preparing loose ammonium nitrate crystals by using anti-hardening agent |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100572343C (en) * | 2007-08-29 | 2009-12-23 | 黄东平 | Ammonium nitrate modifier and preparation method thereof |
| CN102311296A (en) * | 2011-08-08 | 2012-01-11 | 殷海权 | Anti-hardener for high-stability crystal ammonium nitrate without demulsification |
| CN102336618A (en) * | 2010-07-27 | 2012-02-01 | 新时代(济南)民爆科技产业有限公司 | Liquid-mixture expander for expanded ammonium nitrate explosive |
| CN101602631B (en) * | 2009-07-20 | 2012-05-23 | 殷海权 | Loose explosion proof ammonium nitrate for agricultural use containing water soluble antidetonant and preparation thereof |
| CN102557845A (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2012-07-11 | 新时代(济南)民爆科技产业有限公司 | Expanded ammonium nitrate explosive and preparation process thereof |
| CN114014737A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-02-08 | 雅化集团雅安实业有限公司 | Mixed dispersant for modified ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive and preparation method thereof |
-
2002
- 2002-04-08 CN CNB02113572XA patent/CN1137071C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100572343C (en) * | 2007-08-29 | 2009-12-23 | 黄东平 | Ammonium nitrate modifier and preparation method thereof |
| CN101602631B (en) * | 2009-07-20 | 2012-05-23 | 殷海权 | Loose explosion proof ammonium nitrate for agricultural use containing water soluble antidetonant and preparation thereof |
| CN102336618A (en) * | 2010-07-27 | 2012-02-01 | 新时代(济南)民爆科技产业有限公司 | Liquid-mixture expander for expanded ammonium nitrate explosive |
| CN102557845A (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2012-07-11 | 新时代(济南)民爆科技产业有限公司 | Expanded ammonium nitrate explosive and preparation process thereof |
| CN102311296A (en) * | 2011-08-08 | 2012-01-11 | 殷海权 | Anti-hardener for high-stability crystal ammonium nitrate without demulsification |
| CN114014737A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-02-08 | 雅化集团雅安实业有限公司 | Mixed dispersant for modified ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1137071C (en) | 2004-02-04 |
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