CN1365870A - Induction friction welding method - Google Patents
Induction friction welding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1365870A CN1365870A CN 01135014 CN01135014A CN1365870A CN 1365870 A CN1365870 A CN 1365870A CN 01135014 CN01135014 CN 01135014 CN 01135014 A CN01135014 A CN 01135014A CN 1365870 A CN1365870 A CN 1365870A
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Abstract
An induction-friction welding method includes such steps as heating the interfaces to be welded by induction coil, making relative friction between two workpieces to be welded to remove oxide layer obstructing welding, and further axially pressing both workpieces so to form welded joint. Its advantages are high efficiency, and broad spectrum.
Description
(1) technical field
The invention belongs to welding method, is a kind of innovation and creation of induction friction welding method.
(2) technical background
Induction brazing and friction welding (FW) are present most important two kinds of solid phase connecting methods.The development of friction welding (FW) and the history in existing more than 30 year of application.Basic skills is a member at go down another member of friction and produce heat of pressure, in case after producing enough heats, fricting movement just stops, finishes to promote to weld but pressure can keep or increase a period of time.
According to the track of the relative fricting movement of workpiece, friction welding (FW) can be divided into:
1. revolving friction welding (FW).This is prevailing friction welding (FW).It is that center line with a workpiece is an axle, makes high speed rotary motion with respect to another workpiece.Then another workpiece is applied axial compressive force, the beginning frictional heat, to be heated when the welding temperature, stop workpiece immediately and rotate, apply bigger axial compressive force simultaneously and weld.This welding method is mainly used in the workpiece that those connector portions are circular cross section.
Rotary friction welding (FW) is divided into Continuous Drive Friction Welding, flywheel friction welding and arc friction welding (FW) again according to the difference of mechanical energy input workpiece mode.
2. rail mounted friction welding (FW).When welding, make each point on the workpiece weld interface, all on the weld interface plane, do the motion of same track with respect to the weld interface of another workpiece, movement locus can be complex line annular or past.This friction welding (FW) only is used to weld the workpiece of non-circular section.
3. friction stir welding, utilize a kind of position to be welded of stirring-head insertion workpiece of special structure form, produce heat by the agitating friction between stirring-head and the workpiece, this frictional heat makes this metal be in the thermoplasticity state, and under the pressure of stirring-head from its front end to the rear portion plastic deformation move, treat that the weldment pressure welding is as a whole thereby make.
In addition, also has the friction welding (FW) of other type, as the consumptive material friction welding (FW) etc.Its basic principle is by frictional heat, thereby realizes welding.
Though friction welding (FW) is one of current welding field main technique methods, it is most active research focus, but this friction welding method needs the high-power machinery device to be used for frictional heat, the mechanical device complexity, apparatus expensive, only be applicable to part processing and production that some is specific, generally be not suitable for the on-the-spot welding of installing.Because this method is subjected to the friction-welding machine spindle drive motor power and the restriction of exerting pressure, has only 200cm with the cross section of the maximum of the method welding at present
2Plate-like workpiece and thin-wall pipe also are difficult to welding.
For overcoming the deficiency of traditional friction welding (FW), and make full use of the fast and high characteristics of efficient of eddy-current heating speed, conceived a kind of induction friction welding method.
(3) summary of the invention
A kind of induction friction welding method, it is characterized in that the two member weld interface places that will weld adopt eddy-current heating that it is heated, and make interface cleanness with the relative fricting movement between two members, simultaneously under the axial compressive force effect, combined closely in the interface, reach solid phase and connect.
The induction friction welding system mainly comprises axis system, compression system, fuselage, chuck, control system, heating system, servicing unit etc.
(1) axis system mainly is made up of main spindle box, spindle motor, shaft joint, driving belt etc.Effect is that workpiece is rotatablely moved, and also will bear bigger axial compressive force simultaneously.(2) compression system is by pressing mechanism and formed by force mechanisms.According to workpiece size and version, can adopt different pressuring methods, as machinery pressurization, air pressure, hydraulic pressure, dynamic hydraulic combined pressurization etc., for the occasion of upsetting force greater than 50Mp, should adopt the hydraulic way pressurization, hydraulic mechanism is made up of oil cylinder, piston, oil pipe, hydraulic pump, valve, controller etc.; Be subjected to force mechanisms to be used for balance friction pressure, upsetting force and friction torque, prevent the welding machine distortion, keep the concentricity of axis system and compression system, mainly form by guide rail, pull bar etc.(3) fuselage is the base of welding machine, and the main spindle box of induction friction welding machine, guide rail, pull bar, a part of pressing mechanism all are contained on the fuselage.(4) chuck generally is self-centering split chuck, scroll chuck or hydraulic vice, is used for holding workpiece, therefore the comprehensive function that should be able to bear friction pressure, upsetting force and friction torque.(5) control system is made up of programmable logic controller (PLC), chip microprocessor and executing agency, and cooperates corresponding software, realizes the control of programme-control and technological parameter.Programme-control will be finished material loading, clamping work pieces, eddy-current heating, friction, upset welding, withdraw from the sequentially-operating and the interlock protection of workpiece.Technological parameter control makes welding process be undertaken by predetermined technological parameter, and these technological parameters mainly contain: induction heating current and voltage, weld interface heating-up temperature, friction rotating speed, friction pressure, upsetting force etc.(6) heating system comprises induction heating power and induction coil.(7) servicing unit comprises self-feeding, discharging, excises overlap device etc. automatically.
Different with material in the induction friction welding according to the welding work pieces size, its technological parameter difference, with regard to steel, (1) induction heating power is 3～500Kw, and induction heating power is big more, and firing rate is fast more, and welding weld interface is big more; (2) the eddy-current heating time is 2～50 seconds, and the eddy-current heating time mainly influences heating-up temperature and heated perimeter; (3) the friction rotating speed is 500～5000r/min, because the main thermal source of induction friction weldering comes from eddy-current heating, fricting movement is mainly removal of contamination, and diameter of work is big more, and rotating speed is slow more; (4) fraction time is generally 2～15s, at this moment between in can thoroughly know the impurity of weld interface; (5) friction pressure is 5～100Mp, the too for a short time removal of contamination that is unfavorable for of friction pressure, and too greatly then corresponding torque increases, and the power of required main shaft increases; (6) scope of upsetting force in 30～500Mp, to squeeze metal oxidized in broken and the extrusion deformation layer and other objectionable impurities usually, and makes the joint metal obtain forging, in conjunction with tight.
The welding process of induction friction welding is: at first workpiece is installed on the welding machine during welding, weld interface contacts gently, load coil is wrapped in the weld interface place, the internal diameter of induction coil is greater than the external diameter 10～30mm of weld interface, induction coil generally adopts individual layer, also can adopt two-layer or multilayer, induction coil radially coiling length is about 10～200mm, across in the weld interface both sides; Main control box starts induction heating power then, in load coil, pass to 5kHz～50kHz alternating current, when workpiece reaches predetermined heating-up temperature (temperature that is about the workpiece plastic deformation), the start building part rotation of main spindle box rotating band, apply certain axial compressive force simultaneously, make the weld interface phase mutual friction for the treatment of weldment, fraction time is 2～15s, impurity at the interface to be welded is clear finish after, increase axial compressive force to upsetting force, stop the driving of spindle motor simultaneously, workpiece stops operating under the effect of frictional force, and 3～10s at last keep-ups pressure.Whole welding process does not wait according to the size of workpiece and different sustainable 8 to 50 seconds of material.
The present invention compared with prior art has following characteristics: (1) is compared with welding technology, has avoided as defectives such as solidification cracking, pore, oxidations, and the heat affected area is little.The welding efficiency height, welding quality is good, and the working site does not have arc light to disturb.(2) compare with induction brazing, it is the middle junction zoarium that the present invention does not need solder, brazing flux, mother metal is reached between atom with mother metal combine, such bond strength height.(3) compare with traditional friction welding (FW), spindle drive motor power can reduce greatly, can weld sectional area and will improve greatly.(4) load coil that uses of the present invention both can be rigidity also can be flexible, therefore, can the member of complex section be heated.(5) can be made into packaged type equipment with the present invention, realize on-the-spot welding, welding under water etc.(6) the present invention is because of adopting eddy-current heating, the size of controlled heating capacity and distributing, and this is to welding different metal materials, the effect that easier acquisition is satisfied.(7) induction heating of the present invention's employing not only can be used as the main thermal source of welding process, can also be as giving heat, the thermal source of post weld heat treatment before the weldering.
(4) description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the rotary induction friction welding method schematic diagrames of two tubular elements.
Fig. 2 is a kind of removable rotary induction friction welding method schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is two induction coil heating, the induction friction soldering method schematic diagram of intermediate member rotation.
Fig. 4 is a kind of linear response friction welding method schematic diagram.
(5) specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the rotary induction friction welding method schematic diagrames of two tubular elements.Two tubular elements 1,2 that weld, its end face 3,4 is soldered interface.Twine induction coil 5 at the welding point place, coil is flexible high-frequency induction coil, and the water flowing cooling, and the winding number of plies is a single or multiple lift, and the number of turn is 5～20 circles, and internal coil diameter is than the big 10～30mm of workpiece external diameter.During welding, in induction coil 5, pass to alternating current, when weld interface reaches predetermined temperature, pipe 1,2 is done relatively under the driving of main spindle box, and friction rotatablely moves, impurity on the fricting movement removing weld interface such as oxide skin etc., last weld interface 3,4 under the effect of axial compressive force, forms the Solid-phase welding joint by hydraulic pressure or air pressure mode (not shown).
The induction friction parameters of welding is that fusing point, the thermal conductivity factor of size, material, metal according to workpiece, the variation of metallurgical performance etc. are formulated.For the welding of typical steel components such as oil drill rocker body, the material of member 1,2 is 42MnMo7.Diameter is about 80 to 140mm, can adopt following technological parameter: induction heating power: 20～100kw.Eddy-current heating time: 20～40s speed of mainshaft that rubs: 500～1000r/min fraction time: 3～8s friction pressure: 5～40Mp upsetting force: 50～130Mp
Fig. 2 is a kind of removable rotary induction friction welding method schematic diagram.It is the situation of small members that this welding method is suitable for having at least a member, and the diameter of this small members generally should be less than 30mm, so that be installed on a kind of small-sized transportable rotating mechanism.And another member, as the member that the member among Fig. 22 can be a volume, weight is bigger, it also can be the member of a small-sized on-circular cross-section, but can being installed, it is fixed on the object, member 1 is motionless, small members 2 is to be clamped in one movably on the rotating mechanism (not drawing among the figure), rotates with the rotation of rotating mechanism.Induction coil 5 is equipped with in member 1 and member 2 contacted ends, when alternating current produces induction heat by induction coil and at weld interface 3 places, the also auxiliary heat that produces of the rotation of member 1, remove the impurity of weld interface 3 simultaneously, exerting pressure in the other end at member 1, thereby forms good solid-phase joint.This method also can be used for the on-the-spot welding of installing.Because the member diameter is less, when member 1 and 2 was carbon steel, induction heating power was 3～20kw, eddy-current heating time: 5～15s, the friction speed of mainshaft: 1000～5000r/min, fraction time: 3～8s, friction pressure: 5～20Mp, upsetting force: 10～80Mp.
To member 2 is carbon steel, and 1 when being stainless steel (1Cr18Ni9Ti), because stainless magnetic conductivity is little, induction heating power will increase to 10～100Kw, sensitive time 3～10s, the friction speed of mainshaft: 1000～5000r/min; Fraction time: 3～8s; Friction pressure: 10～50Mp; Upsetting force: 50～130Mp.
Fig. 3 is another kind of induction friction soldering method schematic diagram, is with two induction coils heating, the mode of intermediate member rotation, and this form is particularly suitable for large-scale component, and as petroleum pipeline, long barrel type member etc., the member material is generally low-alloy structural steel.Member 1,2 is two long fixed tubular elements among the figure, and 6 is intermediate connector.Intermediate connector 6 is installed on the rotating mechanism 7, and the left part of intermediate connector 6 and right part are equipped with load coil 5 and 5 ' respectively.During welding, pass to alternating current in induction coil 5 and 5 ', intermediate member 6 rotates, and member 1,2 maintains static.Weld interface 3,4 and 3 ', 4 ' and relies on fricting movement to remove impurity on each weld interface under the compound action of eddy-current heating and frictional heat.Apply axial compressive force this moment, makes weld interface form welding point.This method be fit to diameter more than 150mm, weld interface is at 100cm
2Above member, the power 100～500Kw of induction heating power, eddy-current heating time: 10～50s, the friction speed of mainshaft: 300～500r/min, fraction time: 3～8s, friction pressure: 20～80Mp, upsetting force: 80～300Mp.
Fig. 4 is a kind of welding method of linear response friction welding (FW), and member 1,2 can be the circular section member, also can be the on-circular cross-section member.Pass to alternating current in the induction coil 5, the relative motion form is the linear reciprocating motion formula, also can be annular translation form.Relative motion is produced by mechanical oscillation mechanism or magnetostriction mechanism (not shown), and vibration frequency is 1～10kHz, and Oscillation Amplitude 0.5～1.5mm is 300mm to the interface
2Steel components, the employing induction heating power is 30～100Kw, eddy-current heating time: 8～20s, fraction time: 3～8s, friction pressure: 10～50Mp, the technological parameter of upsetting force: 30～100Mp can be realized successful welding.Welding efficiency height of the present invention is realized the automation welding easily, and welding quality guarantees easily, has reduced the power of spindle motor, and the more traditional friction-welding machine of the volume and weight of welding equipment can reduce greatly; Tradition friction welding (FW) maximum weld interface is 200cm
2, induction friction soldering method of the present invention can weld the more member of large interface, and heat time heating time is short, welding quality is good; In addition, also can be used for non-circular interface members, therefore, the present invention has and uses future widely.
Claims (4)
1. induction welding method, it is characterized in that utilizing induction coil to heat the weld interface of two members, utilize the auxiliary heat of giving birth to of relative fricting movement between two members, remove the impurity such as oxide skin on the weld interface, under the effect of pressure, make weld interface form welding point then, reach solid phase and connect.
2. according to claims 1 described a kind of induction friction welding method, it is characterized in that this method is different with material according to the size of weldment, induction heating power, heat time heating time, friction rotating speed, fraction time, friction pressure, upsetting force difference, with regard to steel, its induction heating power is 3～500Kw, 2～50 seconds heat time heating times, friction rotating speed 500～5000r/min, fraction time 2～15s, friction pressure 5～100Mp, upsetting force 30～500Mp.
3. according to claims 1 described a kind of induction friction welding method, the internal diameter that it is characterized in that load coil is greater than weld interface external diameter 10～30mm, radially coiling length 10～200mm.
4. according to claims 1 described a kind of induction friction welding method, it is characterized in that the relative motion of member can have polytype, as rotatablely move, move and to add rotation, linear reciprocating motion etc.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB011350148A CN1167532C (en) | 2001-11-15 | 2001-11-15 | Induction friction welding method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB011350148A CN1167532C (en) | 2001-11-15 | 2001-11-15 | Induction friction welding method |
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| CN1365870A true CN1365870A (en) | 2002-08-28 |
| CN1167532C CN1167532C (en) | 2004-09-22 |
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Cited By (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN100544526C (en) * | 2002-11-06 | 2009-09-23 | 联邦莫沃尔公司 | A kind of method for making piston |
| CN101829854A (en) * | 2010-04-29 | 2010-09-15 | 重庆大学 | Current-carrying inertial radial friction composite welding method and equipment thereof |
| CN101829853A (en) * | 2010-04-29 | 2010-09-15 | 重庆大学 | Current-carrying inertial axial friction composite welding method and equipment thereof |
| CN101972890A (en) * | 2010-10-14 | 2011-02-16 | 西安交通大学 | Servo direct-drive double-acting multifunctional friction welding machine |
| CN102380679A (en) * | 2003-12-12 | 2012-03-21 | 费德罗-莫格尔公司 | Piston and method of manufacture |
| CN102513685A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2012-06-27 | 南京广顺电子技术研究所 | High-frequency induction welding device for welding joints |
| CN101549436B (en) * | 2008-04-01 | 2012-07-04 | 株式会社丰田自动织机 | Method and apparatus of friction welding |
| CN102632347A (en) * | 2012-01-09 | 2012-08-15 | 西安交通大学 | Aluminium matrix composite, brazing filler metal for aluminium alloy and brazing method |
| CN102922184A (en) * | 2012-11-14 | 2013-02-13 | 徐州重型机械有限公司 | Welding device and welding equipment with same |
| CN101623794B (en) * | 2008-07-08 | 2014-03-12 | 陈炯 | Steel induction heating solid phase welding method and butt welding machine tool |
| CN103925576A (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2014-07-16 | 上海柏宜照明电子有限公司 | LED heat radiator based on heat pipe technology |
| CN104759823A (en) * | 2015-04-25 | 2015-07-08 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method and equipment for welding steel pipe and fins of H-type coal economizer used for boiler |
| CN109848539A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-06-07 | 燕山大学 | Electromagnetism welder and control method under a kind of full-automatic water |
| CN110919160A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-03-27 | 哈尔滨焊接研究院有限公司 | Heating device and heating method in axial friction welding and linear friction welding processes |
| CN111843176A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-10-30 | 重庆普尔萨科技有限公司 | Radial friction welding method and device for dissimilar metals |
| CN112404658A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-02-26 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Remote control-based in-service pipeline arc 3D printing repair system and method |
| CN114289917A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-04-08 | 中机智能装备创新研究院(宁波)有限公司 | Induction friction composite brazing method and preparation method of dissimilar alloy workpiece |
| CN114346403A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-04-15 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of non-magnetic steel electric field composite continuous driving friction welding non-magnetic drill rod |
| CN115121813A (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2022-09-30 | 河北科技大学 | Auxiliary heating friction material increase main shaft system capable of automatically clamping base material and ejecting excess material |
-
2001
- 2001-11-15 CN CNB011350148A patent/CN1167532C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (24)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100544526C (en) * | 2002-11-06 | 2009-09-23 | 联邦莫沃尔公司 | A kind of method for making piston |
| CN102380679B (en) * | 2003-12-12 | 2014-08-27 | 费德罗-莫格尔公司 | Piston and method of manufacture |
| CN102380679A (en) * | 2003-12-12 | 2012-03-21 | 费德罗-莫格尔公司 | Piston and method of manufacture |
| CN101549436B (en) * | 2008-04-01 | 2012-07-04 | 株式会社丰田自动织机 | Method and apparatus of friction welding |
| CN101623794B (en) * | 2008-07-08 | 2014-03-12 | 陈炯 | Steel induction heating solid phase welding method and butt welding machine tool |
| CN101829854A (en) * | 2010-04-29 | 2010-09-15 | 重庆大学 | Current-carrying inertial radial friction composite welding method and equipment thereof |
| CN101829853A (en) * | 2010-04-29 | 2010-09-15 | 重庆大学 | Current-carrying inertial axial friction composite welding method and equipment thereof |
| CN101829853B (en) * | 2010-04-29 | 2012-07-11 | 重庆大学 | Current-carrying inertial axial friction composite welding method and equipment thereof |
| CN101972890A (en) * | 2010-10-14 | 2011-02-16 | 西安交通大学 | Servo direct-drive double-acting multifunctional friction welding machine |
| CN102513685A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2012-06-27 | 南京广顺电子技术研究所 | High-frequency induction welding device for welding joints |
| CN102632347A (en) * | 2012-01-09 | 2012-08-15 | 西安交通大学 | Aluminium matrix composite, brazing filler metal for aluminium alloy and brazing method |
| CN102632347B (en) * | 2012-01-09 | 2014-07-02 | 西安交通大学 | Aluminium matrix composite, brazing filler metal for aluminium alloy and brazing method |
| CN102922184A (en) * | 2012-11-14 | 2013-02-13 | 徐州重型机械有限公司 | Welding device and welding equipment with same |
| CN103925576A (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2014-07-16 | 上海柏宜照明电子有限公司 | LED heat radiator based on heat pipe technology |
| CN104759823A (en) * | 2015-04-25 | 2015-07-08 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method and equipment for welding steel pipe and fins of H-type coal economizer used for boiler |
| CN109848539A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-06-07 | 燕山大学 | Electromagnetism welder and control method under a kind of full-automatic water |
| CN110919160A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-03-27 | 哈尔滨焊接研究院有限公司 | Heating device and heating method in axial friction welding and linear friction welding processes |
| CN110919160B (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2024-03-26 | 中国机械总院集团哈尔滨焊接研究所有限公司 | Heating device and heating method in axial friction welding and linear friction welding processes |
| CN111843176A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-10-30 | 重庆普尔萨科技有限公司 | Radial friction welding method and device for dissimilar metals |
| CN112404658A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-02-26 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Remote control-based in-service pipeline arc 3D printing repair system and method |
| CN114346403A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-04-15 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of non-magnetic steel electric field composite continuous driving friction welding non-magnetic drill rod |
| CN114289917A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-04-08 | 中机智能装备创新研究院(宁波)有限公司 | Induction friction composite brazing method and preparation method of dissimilar alloy workpiece |
| CN114289917B (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2023-08-25 | 中国机械总院集团宁波智能机床研究院有限公司 | Induction friction composite brazing method and preparation method of dissimilar alloy workpiece |
| CN115121813A (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2022-09-30 | 河北科技大学 | Auxiliary heating friction material increase main shaft system capable of automatically clamping base material and ejecting excess material |
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