CN1357165A - Colling of high-voltage rotating electric machine - Google Patents

Colling of high-voltage rotating electric machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1357165A
CN1357165A CN00809193A CN00809193A CN1357165A CN 1357165 A CN1357165 A CN 1357165A CN 00809193 A CN00809193 A CN 00809193A CN 00809193 A CN00809193 A CN 00809193A CN 1357165 A CN1357165 A CN 1357165A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
rotating machine
magnetic core
energy conversion
conversion system
winding
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CN00809193A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
M·莱永
L·耶特马
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ABB AB
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ABB AB
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/12—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof specially adapted for operating in liquid or gas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/19—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
    • H02K7/1807—Rotary generators
    • H02K7/1823—Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines
    • H02K7/183—Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines wherein the turbine is a wind turbine
    • H02K7/1838—Generators mounted in a nacelle or similar structure of a horizontal axis wind turbine
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/02—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/20—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/32—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2203/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the windings
    • H02K2203/15—Machines characterised by cable windings, e.g. high-voltage cables, ribbon cables
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/22—Auxiliary parts of casings not covered by groups H02K5/06-H02K5/20, e.g. shaped to form connection boxes or terminal boxes
    • H02K5/225—Terminal boxes or connection arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/14—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating wherein gaseous cooling medium circulates between the machine casing and a surrounding mantle
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Abstract

The invention relates to cooling of high-voltage rotating electric machines, and involves direct contact cooling of the magnetic cores (1A, 2A) and of at least part of the solidly insulated windings (1B, 2B) by the same kinetic-energy carrying medium (11) that drives or is driven by the rotating electric machine (10) as the medium, such as water or air, flows into contact with and past the core and the winding. This generally means that the rotating electric machine (10) is arranged at least partly within the flow of the medium (11) that drives or is driven by the rotating electric machine, and that the rotating electric machine (10) and the whole energy conversion system is constructed as an open system allowing the medium (11) to flow into contact with the magnetic cores (1A, 2A) and the solidly insulated windings (1B, 2B). According to another aspect of the invention, the spinning member of a rotating machine is constructed as an integrated combination of an electromagnetic rotor and a turbine.

Description

The cooling of high voltage rotating machine
Technical field
The high voltage electric energy converting system that the present invention relates to a kind of high voltage rotating machine and comprise a kind of like this electric rotating machine.The present invention be more particularly directed to the such equipment and the cooling of system.
Background technology
The voltage that electric rotating machine is suitable for surpasses 10kV and maximum usually can reach 30-35kV, and electric rotating machine is equipped with stator core usually, and stator core is provided with a plurality of grooves, and stator winding is arranged in these grooves.In modal electric rotating machine, the cross section of stator slot and conductor is a rectangle or trapezoidal.So-called stator tooth is formed between these grooves.Each winding comprises the coil groups of a plurality of series connection mutually, and each coil groups then comprises the coil of a plurality of series connection.Coil comprises a plurality of conductors of getting together.For the different piece of coil, the part that is arranged in the stator core is called as coil side, and the part outside stator core is called as the end winding.One deck thin insulating is arranged, for example the epoxy/glass fiber between each conductor.Utilize coil insulation to make coil itself and groove electric insulation, coil insulation promptly can tolerate the insulation of motor rated voltage over the ground.Various plastics, lacquer and glass fiber material can be used as insulating material.Usually, use so-called mica tape.By around coil, twining the several layers mica tape, can be coil insulation is provided.Insulation is through dipping, then makes coil side scribble a kind of graphite-based paint to improve itself and contacting of stator on every side, and stator is connected with earth potential on every side.Stator core can be made of stacked steel disc, normal steel or anisotropic steel, or can be made of other material, such as non-crystalline material or based on the material of powder.Also have some motors, output winding wherein is arranged in the rotor, and excitation winding is arranged in the stator.
With regard to generator, must generator and power transmission network or power distribution network (below be referred to as power network) be linked to each other by transformer.Transformer makes the voltage of generator be elevated to the electric pressure of power network-surpass usually 130kV.
The conventional electric rotating machine of the above-mentioned type is typically provided with and is used for motor is carried out compulsory cooling system.
Usually have two kinds of dissimilar air cooling systems: radially cooling wherein forces air to pass through radial conduit in the motor; And axially cooling, wherein utilize axial fan that air is blown in the pole gap.
For the cooling of large ac machines, what often adopt is that stator and rotor are carried out gas cooled.Usually make gas pass through cooling duct and radially passed stator, cooling duct is to be formed by the separator that radially is provided with.Separator is divided into the unit that axial length is about 30mm with the lamination core of stator, and described separator is the high and thick orthoscopic rectangle steel element of 2mm of 6mm normally.
Can arrange the circulation of gas according to different principle.For example, hydroelectric generator is a kind of multipolar generator, it is characterized in that, big stator diameter and salient pole.Rotor in the hydroelectric generator can be provided with radially cooling duct so that air radially is transported to the inside of rotor and stator.Usually also utilize the fan on the motor two ends that gas is pressed in the air gap vertically, 90 ° of described then gas turns are also radially left by the stator conduit.Turbogenerator has seldom several magnetic poles, and promptly 2 or 4 magnetic poles is characterized in that, roughly cylindrical rotor, and utilize the gas of in axial pipe, carrying that rotor conductor is cooled off usually, wherein said axial pipe links to each other with rotor conductor.By radial conduit hot gas is discharged in the air gap.Stator in the turbogenerator is divided into different cooling chambers usually, the gas flow direction in these cooling chambers be can change so that can force cold air to enter into and warm air can be discharged from the air gap of other cooling chamber in the air gap of some cooling chamber.For some turbo-dynamoes provide so-called reverse cooling, that is, utilize rotor fan, rather than air is pressed in the air gap gas sucking-off from the air gap.The rotor fan blade is set on the top of rotor back-up ring, rather than radially is installed in the back of rotor back-up ring.
Cooling air can comprise surrounding air, but surpasses under the situation of 1MW at power, uses the enclosed cooling system that has heat exchanger usually.
In turbogenerator and large synchronous compensator, use but hydrogen-cooled usually up to about 400MW.The working method of this cooling means is identical with the air cooling that has heat exchanger, just replaces air as cooling agent with hydrogen.Hydrogen has better cooling capacity than air, but has certain difficulty in sealing and supervision aspect sewing.
At 500 to 1000MW turbo-dynamo, it also is known that stator winding and rotor winding are adopted water-cooled for power bracket.In this case, cooling duct is made into the pipe that is arranged in winding conductor inboard.Problem in large-size machine is that the cooling trend becomes inhomogeneous, produces variations in temperature in motor.
A kind of the improvement recently in the high voltage rotating machine field is Powerformer TMOf AseaBrown Boveri AB, it is a kind of electric rotating machine based on the solid insulation high-tension cable, the solid insulation high-tension cable is as described at WO97/45919.The High-Voltage Insulation conductor of utilization in stator winding, can make the voltage of motor be increased to such grade, that is, can directly link to each other under the situation of intermediate transformer not having with power network, used similar in solid insulation that described High-Voltage Insulation conductor is had and the power transmission cable.Such motor is being worked above under the voltage of 10-15kV usually, and is working in 36kV to 800kV or more high-tension scope usually.With routine techniques relatively, this requires wherein to be furnished with the stator slot of high-tension cable dark (make owing to voltage is high more in the thick more and winding of insulation the number of turn many more).
For cooling, the motor that has the above-mentioned type of high-tension cable in stator winding allows to force cooling at earth potential.
WO97/45914 has described a kind of scheme that the stator tooth that has the electric rotating machine of solid insulation high-tension cable at stator winding is cooled off of being used for.This scheme comprises axially extended and is passed in the electric insulating tube that the axial hole in the stator tooth is drawn.These pipes for good and all are bonded in the described hole and guarantee good cooling performance with convenient cooling agent circulation time in pipe.
WO99/17429 has also described a kind of scheme that the electric rotating machine that has the solid insulation high-tension cable at stator winding is cooled off of being used for.Usually utilize the water that in the stator conduit, flows that stator is cooled off, utilize conventional rotor fan driving gas that rotor is cooled off, and in the air gap between rotor and stator, adiabatic cylindrical shell is set in case fastening is heated by the hot gas from rotor.
Summary of the invention
The present invention relates to a kind of new principle that high voltage rotating machine is cooled off of being used for.
Usually, an object of the present invention is, for high voltage rotating machine provides effective cooling, such electric rotating machine will be used for the high pressure from 15kV to the network voltage grade.
Another object of the present invention is, for the electric energy converting system that comprises such high voltage rotating machine provides effective cooling.
Especially, an object of the present invention is, for the electric rotating machine that has based on the winding of solid insulation high-tension cable provides effective cooling.
Can reach these and other objects of the present invention by the technical scheme that following claim limited.
The present invention relates generally to the electric rotating machine that comprises at least one magnetic core and at least one electric winding, winding comprises conductor, surrounds semiconductive interior semi-conductive layer, surrounds the solid insulating layer of interior semi-conductive layer and the outer semiconducting layer that surrounds insulating barrier, thereby can surround electric field.
Briefly say, in the present invention, when the media flow that is used to drive electric rotating machine or be rotated motor-driven subsidiary kinetic energy contacts and flows through one or more magnetic cores and one or more solid insulation winding, utilize this medium at least a portion of magnetic core and solid insulation winding to be cooled off in the mode of direct contact.This means, electric rotating machine is at least partially disposed in the flow path that is used to drive electric rotating machine or be rotated motor-driven medium, and electric rotating machine and whole energy conversion system have constituted a kind of media flow that can make and contact the open system that magnetic core cools off magnetic core and solid insulation winding with the solid insulation winding so that in the mode that directly contacts.
Cooling principle involved in the present invention need not to force the cooling line of cooling line and drive.
The medium of subsidiary energy for example can be: be used to drive the circulating water of electric rotating machine in the waterpower power station, by the water of the impeller institute pumping that axially links to each other with the motor driven electric rotating machine and the moving air that is used to drive wind power station.
Winding is preferably made by being similar to the high-tension cable with solid extruding insulation used in distributing electric power, such as XLPE (cross-linked type polyethylene) cable.A kind of like this solid insulation high-tension cable generally includes conductor, surrounds semiconductive interior semi-conductive layer, surrounds the solid insulating layer of interior semi-conductive layer and the outer semiconducting layer that surrounds insulating barrier.
Owing to can utilize a kind of suitable polymer system that the skin of cable is applied solid insulation is strengthened, therefore electric winding can be worked with the mode that the subsidiary medium of energy directly contacts.
In addition, utilize a kind of like this high-tension cable can make the voltage of electric rotating machine increase to such grade, that is, can under the situation that does not have middle step-up transformer, directly link to each other with power network.Such electric rotating machine is being worked above under the voltage of 10-15kV usually, and is working in 36kV to 800kV or more high-tension scope usually.In general, rated power surpasses 1MW, preferably surpasses 5MW.
For anticorrosion, preferably utilize a kind of suitable polymer that all magnetic circuits are applied, described polymer is as waterproof and moistureproof barrier layer.
The winding part in end winding zone that is arranged in the magnetic core outside is preferably being cooled with mode that medium directly contacts, and the winding that is positioned at magnetic core partly mainly utilizes the cooling of magnetic core to be cooled.But, it should be understood that a small amount of medium can flow into and be used for winding is positioned over wherein groove to reach the effect that winding is directly cooled off.
Generally speaking, the present invention not only relates to the cooling of magnetic core and electric winding, but also the mode pair electrical connection that links to each other with electric rotating machine and the power electronic device that relate to direct contact cool off.Preferably also utilize a kind of polymer these devices to be applied so that they can waterproof or protection against the tide.
In order further to cool off, one or more magnetic cores can be provided with the through hole that one or more MEDIA FLOW that can make subsidiary energy are crossed.In a kind of electric rotating machine, a yoke portion of stator tooth and stator core preferably is provided with axially extended through hole so that stator core is effectively cooled off and can carry out indirect cooling to the stator winding that is wrapped in the stator slot between stator tooth.Equally, rotor core can be provided with axially extended through hole.
According to the present invention, the preferred embodiment of the electric energy converting system that can be cooled be immersed in waterpower power station in the circulating water, a kind of be immersed in high-pressure pumping system in the water, high pressure compressor and and rated power be 3MW or higher multipole wind power station.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the rotating part of electric rotating machine (being also referred to as rotating parts) is the black box that is made of electromagnetic component (such as electromagnetic rotor) and mechanical energy converter (such as turbine).
For example, this principle can make the water turbine in waterpower power station and the rotor of electric rotating machine be combined into an integral body.
The present invention has following advantage:
-effectively cool off in a simple manner;
-need not to force to cool off;
-need not cooling line and heat exchanger, make the integral body manufacturing of electric rotating machine easier; And
The space in-saving power station.Particularly, can reduce the volume of the stone chamber (rock chamber) that is used for the waterpower power station widely.
From following to being expressly understood other advantage provided by the present invention the explanation of embodiments of the invention.
Brief description of drawings
From description with reference to the accompanying drawings, can most clearly understand the present invention and other purpose of the present invention and advantage, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is a sketch of the relevant portion of expression waterpower power station arrangement involved in the present invention, its partial cross section figure;
Fig. 2 is the simple circuit diagram that expression is used for waterpower power station involved in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the view of the used a kind of cable of expression the present invention, and some parts wherein is stripped from;
Fig. 4 is the axial end view of a sector of expression magnetic circuit involved in the present invention; And
Fig. 5 is a sketch of the relevant portion of expression wind power station arrangement involved in the present invention, its partial cross section figure.
The detailed description of the embodiment of the invention
In the accompanying drawings, identical Reference numeral is represented identical or similar parts.
Electric rotating machine described here not only comprises conventional synchronous rotation motor, but also comprises dual-feed motor (double-fed machine), the application of asynchronous converter connection level (applications of asynchronous converter cascades), outer utmost point motor, flux motor (synchronous flux machines), alternating current machine and their combination synchronously.
Electric energy conversion described here for example generally is meant and mechanical energy can be being converted to electric energy and/or convert electric energy to the power conversion of carrying out in the power station of mechanical energy.Therefore, waterpower power station, wind power station, pumping plant all are the examples of electric energy converting system.Sometimes, the implication of " electric energy conversion " speech also comprises " energy converting between mechanical " and " electromagnetic energy conversion ".
Fig. 1 is a rough schematic in expression waterpower power station involved in the present invention.The waterpower power station is based on electric rotating machine 10, and electric rotating machine 10 mainly comprises stator 1A and rotor 2A, and stator 1A has stator winding 1B, and rotor 2A has rotor winding 2B.Winding 1B, 2B are preferably made by the solid insulation high-tension cable, with reference to Fig. 3 the solid insulation high-tension cable are described in detail below.Water turbine 3 is combined into an integral body with rotor 2A and rotor/ turbine 2A, 3 rotates around axle 4.Electric rotating machine 10 is immersed in the circulating water 11 and utilizes open frame structure (not shown) that electric rotating machine 10 is linked to each other with the wall 12 of the diversion tunnel in power station, and described open frame structure comprises the conventional thrust bearing that links to each other with armature spindle 4.Being essentially open structural system and can making circulating water 11 contact and the stator core 1A that flows through, rotor core 2A and winding 1B, 2B of the power station of waterpower shown in Fig. 1, thus can utilize current the solid insulation high-tension cable in these cores and the winding to be cooled off in the mode of direct contact.
As can be seen from Figure 1, utilization makes the magnetic core and the rotor of stator and holds winding to obtain cooling with the mode that circulating water directly contacts.Some water will flow into and be used for winding is arranged at wherein groove to help the cooling to the coil side of winding.But the winding part that is positioned at magnetic core mainly utilizes the cooling of magnetic core to be cooled.
Preferably utilize a kind of suitable polymer that the whole magnetic circuit that comprises stator core, rotor core and winding is applied.In water, high density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE), polypropylene and aliphatic polyketones (aliphatic polyketones) all are the examples of the polymer that is fit to.
Although in Fig. 1, do not express, it should be understood that the mode pair electrical connection that links to each other with electric rotating machine, power electronic device, reactor and other auxiliary equipment that also can utilize circulating water directly to contact cools off.All such devices preferably by a kind of polymer-coated with waterproof or protection against the tide.
Preferably each stator core 1A and rotor core 2A are provided with axially extended through hole (as shown in Figure 4), and water 11 can flow into thinks in these through holes that these cores provide further cooling.
The high-tension cable of stator winding 1B is transformed into shielded type cable 9 at cable splice 8 places from unscreened cable 7 usually.As shown in Figure 2, utilize circuit breaker 17 that shielded type cable 9 is directly linked to each other with power network 18 more or less.Cable 9 also can be provided with surge arrester 16 and other and be used for the conventional auxiliary equipment that links to each other with power network 18.
It should be understood that the open architecture system that to utilize several different methods to obtain electric rotating machine and whole electric energy converting system so that circulating water contacts with the magnetic circuit that can produce electrical loss therein.Described structural system can have different degrees of opening, degree of opening from a kind of almost completely open system with no shell-type (casing-free) electric rotating machine in scope with the part open system that can make the flow path that circulating water and magnetic core contact with winding.
Power station shown in Fig. 1 preferably is designed to the pumping plant that the power station of voltage is provided or is designed to be driven by power network for power network.During the pumping plant that is designed in the power station shown in Fig. 1 to be driven by power network, the electric rotating machine in power station is as the motor that is used for driven pump impeller.
The rotary generator in waterpower power station is usually located in the Generators, and Generators adopts the form of stone chamber usually.Water turbine is arranged in circulating water and utilizes common axis to link to each other with generator in the stone chamber.
Can find out significantly that cooling principle involved in the present invention need not desired large volume stone chamber, conventional waterpower power station.In addition, water turbine and rotor being combined into an integral body can make the structure of hydroelectric generator compact more.
Waterpower power station involved in the present invention is generally can be in the multipole system of working in 15kV to 800kV or more high-tension scope, and its rated power surpasses 1MW.This waterpower power station preferably has the utmost point more than 8, and operating voltage surpasses 36kV and rated power surpasses 5MW.
Fig. 3 shows one of the high-tension cable that is used for electric rotating machine involved in the present invention progressively peel tip view.Cable 20 comprises at least one conductor 21, and conductor 21 preferably is made of stranded conductor, and stranded conductor lumps together and makes conductor 21 have circular cross-section.Interior semi-conductive layer 22 surrounds conductor 21, and interior semi-conductive layer 22 is surrounded by solid insulating layer 23.Solid insulating layer 23 is surrounded by outer semiconducting layer 24.
In the power engineering field, there is not tangible difference between electric wire and the cable.Usually, " electric wire " speech refers to an independent solid metal conductor, insulating barrier can be arranged or do not have insulating barrier, and " cable " speech refers to a kind of combining form of conductor or insulated electric conductor of multiply.What therefore, use in disclosed content is " cable " speech.
When cable was used as electric winding, cable should be flexible can form winding.In addition, the system group should keep its characteristic, even when it is bent, or when it stands thermal stress or mechanical stress during operation.Aspect this, it is important keeping the adhesion property between each layer.Here, the material behavior of each layer is conclusive, particularly their elasticity and the relatively hot coefficient of expansion.Thermal coefficient of expansion should be coordinated so that hot defective, cracking or the similar problem of preventing when mobile in winding, occur.
Insulating barrier 23 for example can be made of solid thermoplastic material, cross-linked material or rubber, solid thermoplastic material is all if any low density polyethylene (LDPE) (LDPE), high density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE), polypropylene (PP), polybutene (PB), poly-methylpentane (PMP), cross-linked material is all if any crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE), and rubber is all if any ethylene propylene rubber (EPR) or silicon rubber.
Interior semi-conductive layer 22 can be made by identical stock with outer semiconducting layer 24, but wherein is mixed with the particulate such as the electric conducting material of cigarette ash (such as carbon black) or metal dust.The conductance of semi-conductive layer 22,24 is enough to make along the current potential of each layer about equally.The enough height of the conductance of outer semiconducting layer 24 so that electric field be included within the cable, but enough low again with can not be owing to the induced current that formed on layer vertical causes sizable loss.Interior semi-conductive layer 22 is arranged in such a way, that is, make its current potential of living in and conductor current potential of living in basic identical, and outer semiconducting layer is arranged in such a way, that is, make it constitute an equipotential surface around conductor basically.Outer semiconducting layer selects current potential to link to each other with one.According to the present invention, preferably utilize the conductivity of ambient water and/or low-resistance interface unit to make outer semiconducting layer remain on earth potential.For other content, referring to WO97/45929 and WO99/17428 about winding earth.
In a kind of so-called XLPE cable (being also referred to as the PEX cable), insulating barrier is made of cross-link low-density polyethylene, and semi-conductive layer is made of the polyethylene that wherein is mixed with carbon black and metal particle.Absorbed fully as the cable radius change by the caused change in volume of temperature fluctuation, and owing to elasticity with respect to these materials, more small difference is arranged, so can under the situation that does not reduce the layer-to-layer adhesion performance, radial expansion take place in each layer between the thermal coefficient of expansion.
About the more details of high-tension cable, referring to WO97/45919 as winding in the electric rotating machine.
As can be seen from Figure 3, preferably remove the mechanicalness protection crust and the metal protection layer of common encirclement distributing electric power cable.But, make at outer semiconducting layer and strengthened by on outer semiconducting layer, applying a kind of suitable polymer system to improve waterproof and moistureproof performance.A kind of like this polymer system can utilize multiple manufacture of materials, such as high density polyethylene (HDPE) or water resistance better but slightly hard material (such as polypropylene and aliphatic polyketones).But, it should be noted that utilizing before polymer applies outer semiconducting layer, outer semiconducting layer is a ground connection.
Fig. 4 is the axial end view of a sector of magnetic circuit involved in the present invention.Shown in sector 30 show a section 31 of stator and a section 35 of rotor, rotor section 35 has a rotor pole 34.A plurality of teeth 32 radially inwardly stretch to rotor from a radially outermost end of stator.Have corresponding a plurality of groove 33 between tooth 32, cable 20 is wrapped in the groove 33 to form the stator winding of electric rotating machine.The use of cable 20 allows darker groove, and the shape of these grooves is similar to the shape of bicycle chain usually.In order can further to cool off to stator core with based on the winding of cable, stator core preferably is provided with one or more axially extended through holes 36 that are essentially, and circulating water can flow through through hole 36.In order can effectively to cool off, a plurality of through holes 36 are preferably disposed in each stator tooth, and the through hole 36 of stator tooth is radially aimed at.In addition, the outer yoke part of stator can be provided with a plurality of through holes.
Equally, rotor and rotor pole also can be provided with axially extended through hole 36.
Fig. 5 is a sketch of the relevant portion of expression wind power station arrangement involved in the present invention, its partial cross section figure.The overall structure of the wind power station shown in Fig. 5 and the waterpower power station shown in Fig. 1 are similar, and difference is, are horizontally disposed with and turbine integrally is not combined in the rotor.Wind power station is based on electric rotating machine, and electric rotating machine mainly comprises stator 1A and rotor 2A, and stator 1A has stator winding 1B, and rotor 2A has rotor winding 2B.With with the identical mode in waterpower described in conjunction with Figure 1 power station, winding 1B, 2B are made by the solid insulation high-tension cable.Utilize common axis 4 that wind turbine 13 is linked to each other with rotor 2A.The open structural system that is essentially shown in Fig. 5 is exposed to the electric rotating machine that has magnetic core and electric winding to be used to the moving air 11 times that drives wind turbine 13.Like this, can utilize moving air electric rotating machine radially to be cooled off during with winding when moving air contact and the magnetic core of flowing through in the mode that directly contacts.Utilize open frame structure (not shown) supporting electric rotating machine 10, described open frame structure comprises the conventional thrust bearing that links to each other with armature spindle 4.
For the wind power station that adjacent sea is set up, the air 11 common sea salt content that are used for driving wind power station are higher.In order to prevent corrosion, preferably utilize a kind of polymer that magnetic core, the electrical connection that links to each other with motor and power electronic device are applied.In air, the type of polymer that is suitable for is more.For example, the material that is suitable for of the polymer coating above-mentioned used any material of insulating barrier in high-tension cable.For winding 1A, the 1B based on cable, outer semiconducting layer itself can provide the enough protection against the tide and the air performance of anti-saliferous.Certainly, also can utilize another one outer semiconducting layer to be strengthened by the layer that polymer constitutes.
Wind power station involved in the present invention is a multipole system, and its operating voltage surpasses 15kV usually, and its rated power surpasses 1MW.Best, the operating voltage of this wind power station surpasses 36kV, and rated power surpasses 3MW or higher.This wind power station has the utmost point more than 30, and preferably has the utmost point more than 50.
In others, wind power station is similar shown in the wind power station shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 1, comprise the through hole that extends axially that is used for moving air, and electric rotating machine links to each other directly with power network.
The foregoing description only provides as example, it should be understood that to the invention is not restricted to these.For example, it should be understood that in a kind of electric rotating machine that magnetic circuit can be arranged in the stator or the rotor of motor, perhaps be arranged in the stator and the rotor of motor.Other modification, improvement and correction that meets disclosed and basic principle that ask for protection here is all in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (31)

1. high voltage electric energy converting system, voltage surpasses 15kV, described system comprises at least one electric rotating machine, described electric rotating machine is by a kind of media drive of subsidiary kinetic energy, described electric rotating machine has at least one magnetic core and at least one electric winding, described electric winding comprises conductor, surrounds the interior semi-conductive layer of conductor, surrounds the solid insulating layer of interior semi-conductive layer and the outer semiconducting layer that surrounds insulating barrier, thereby can surround electric field
It is characterized in that, described can converting system be a kind of open system, this system can utilize with a kind of medium that is used to drive described motor to be cooled off at least a portion of described magnetic core and described electric winding in the mode of direct contact.
2. high voltage electric energy converting system, voltage surpasses 15kV, described system comprises at least one electric rotating machine, described electric rotating machine is used to drive a kind of medium of subsidiary kinetic energy, described electric rotating machine has at least one magnetic core and at least one electric winding, described electric winding comprises conductor, surrounds the interior semi-conductive layer of conductor, surrounds the solid insulating layer of interior semi-conductive layer and the outer semiconducting layer that surrounds insulating barrier, thereby can surround electric field
It is characterized in that described can converting system be a kind of open system, this system can utilize with a kind of to be cooled off at least a portion of described magnetic core and described electric winding in the mode of direct contact by described motor-driven medium.
3. energy conversion system as claimed in claim 1 or 2,
It is characterized in that, described system has and is used to flow path that described medium and described magnetic core are contacted with described electric winding, thereby can utilize described medium that described magnetic core and electric winding are cooled off when described media flow contact and when flowing through described magnetic core and electric winding.
4. energy conversion system as claimed in claim 1 or 2,
It is characterized in that, the described electric winding part in end winding zone that is arranged in the described magnetic core outside to be being cooled with mode that described medium directly contact, and the described electric winding that is positioned at described magnetic core partly mainly utilizes the direct contact of described magnetic core to cool off to be cooled.
5. energy conversion system as claimed in claim 1 or 2,
It is characterized in that described medium is circulating water or moving air.
6. energy conversion system as claimed in claim 1 or 2,
It is characterized in that described electric rotating machine is at least partially disposed in the flow path of described medium, and described electric rotating machine is a kind of electric rotating machine that does not seal basically so that described magnetic core and described electric winding can be exposed under the described medium.
7. energy conversion system as claimed in claim 1 or 2,
It is characterized in that, the high-tension cable that described electric winding is applied by a kind of polymer system, described polymer is as waterproof and/or moistureproof barrier layer.
8. energy conversion system as claimed in claim 1 or 2,
It is characterized in that described outer semiconducting layer selects current potential to link to each other with one, preferably links to each other with earth potential, and is applied by a kind of polymer system, described polymer is as waterproof or moistureproof barrier layer.
9. energy conversion system as claimed in claim 1 or 2,
It is characterized in that described magnetic core is by a kind of polymer-coated.
10. energy conversion system as claimed in claim 1 or 2,
It is characterized in that electrical connection that links to each other with described electric rotating machine and the power electronic device that links to each other with described electric rotating machine are by a kind of polymer-coated and be exposed under the described medium can they being cooled.
11. an energy conversion system as claimed in claim 1 or 2,
It is characterized in that described magnetic core is provided with at least one can allow described MEDIA FLOW cross the through hole of described magnetic core so that described magnetic core is further cooled off.
12. one kind as energy conversion system as described in the claim 11,
It is characterized in that described magnetic core is a stator, the stator tooth of described stator is provided with a plurality of axially extending bores that are used for described medium.
13. an energy conversion system as claimed in claim 1 or 2,
It is characterized in that described electric rotating machine has rotating part, described rotating part comprises by such as the electromagnetic component of electromagnetic rotor and the black box that constitutes such as the mechanical energy converter of turbine.
14. an energy conversion system as claimed in claim 1 or 2,
It is characterized in that the operating voltage of described energy conversion system is preferably in 36kV to the voltage range of power transmission network or power distribution network.
15. an energy conversion system as claimed in claim 1 or 2,
It is characterized in that the rated power of described energy conversion system surpasses 1MW, preferably is higher than 5MW.
16. an energy conversion system as claimed in claim 1 or 2,
It is characterized in that described electric rotating machine has at least 8 utmost points.
17. an energy conversion system according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that described electric winding is configured to the form that directly links to each other with power transmission network or power distribution network.
18. an energy conversion system according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that described energy conversion system is the hydropower station that is immersed in the circulating water.
19. an energy conversion system according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that described energy conversion system is the wind power station with at least 30 utmost points, described wind power station preferably has the utmost point more than 50, and its rated power is 3MW or higher.
20. one kind as energy conversion system as described in the claim 2,
It is characterized in that described energy conversion system is high pressure compressor or is immersed in high-pressure pumping system in the water.
21. one kind is used for method that high voltage rotating machine is cooled off, described high voltage rotating machine is as a kind of generator and by a kind of media drive of subsidiary kinetic energy, described electric rotating machine has at least one magnetic core and at least one electric winding, described electric winding comprises conductor, surrounds the interior semi-conductive layer of conductor, surrounds the solid insulating layer of interior semi-conductive layer and the outer semiconducting layer that surrounds insulating barrier, thereby can surround electric field
It is characterized in that, in the mode that directly contacts at least a portion of described magnetic core and described electric winding is cooled off when the contact of described media flow and the described magnetic core of flowing through can utilize during with electric winding with a kind of medium that is used to drive described motor.
22. one kind is used for method that high voltage rotating machine is cooled off, described high voltage rotating machine is used as a kind of electro-motor and drives a kind of medium of subsidiary kinetic energy, described electric rotating machine has at least one magnetic core and at least one electric winding, described electric winding comprises conductor, surrounds the interior semi-conductive layer of conductor, surrounds the solid insulating layer of interior semi-conductive layer and the outer semiconducting layer that surrounds insulating barrier, thereby can surround electric field
It is characterized in that, at least a portion of described magnetic core and described electric winding is cooled off in the mode that directly contacts by described motor-driven medium when the contact of described media flow and the described magnetic core of flowing through can utilize with a kind of during with electric winding.
23. one kind as claim 21 or 22 described cooling meanss,
It is characterized in that at least a portion of described magnetic core and described electric winding is at least partially disposed in the described flow path with a kind of medium.
24. one kind as claim 21 or 22 described cooling meanss,
It is characterized in that the operating voltage of described electric rotating machine surpasses 15kV, is preferably in 36kV to the voltage range of power transmission network or power distribution network.
25. one kind as claim 21 or 22 described cooling meanss,
It is characterized in that with the form of the high-tension cable that applied by a kind of polymer system described electric winding is set, described polymer is as waterproof and/or moistureproof barrier layer.
26. one kind as claim 21 or 22 described cooling meanss,
It is characterized in that, utilize a kind of polymer that in described stator and the described rotor at least one applied.
27. one kind as claim 21 or 22 described cooling meanss,
It is characterized in that, described MEDIA FLOW is crossed be arranged at least one through hole at least one in described stator and the described rotor so that described stator and/or rotor are further cooled off.
28. waterpower power station, described waterpower power station comprises at least one electric rotating machine, described electric rotating machine has rotor, stator, at least one electric winding and water turbine, described electric winding comprises conductor, surrounds the interior semi-conductive layer of conductor, surrounds the solid insulating layer of interior semi-conductive layer and the outer semiconducting layer that surrounds insulating barrier, thereby can surround electric field
It is characterized in that described water turbine integrally is combined in the described rotor.
29. a waterpower as claimed in claim 28 power station,
It is characterized in that, described waterpower power station is a kind of open system, and this system can utilize the water that is used for driving described water turbine in the mode of direct contact at least one of described rotor and described stator and at least a portion of described electric winding to be cooled off.
30. a waterpower as claimed in claim 28 power station,
It is characterized in that described stator and described rotor are by a kind of polymer-coated, and described outer semiconducting layer is by a kind of polymer-coated.
31. a waterpower as claimed in claim 30 power station,
It is characterized in that described outer semiconducting layer selected current potential to link to each other with one, preferably linked to each other with earth potential before by a kind of polymer-coated.
CN00809193A 1999-05-27 2000-05-25 Colling of high-voltage rotating electric machine Pending CN1357165A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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SE9901919A SE9901919L (en) 1999-05-27 1999-05-27 Cooling of rotating electric machines for high voltage
SE99019192 1999-05-27

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CN110739804A (en) * 2018-07-18 2020-01-31 爱信艾达株式会社 Cooling structure for rotating electric machine and vehicle drive device

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CN105556053A (en) * 2013-07-30 2016-05-04 普拉德研究及开发股份有限公司 Submersible electrical machine and method
CN110739804A (en) * 2018-07-18 2020-01-31 爱信艾达株式会社 Cooling structure for rotating electric machine and vehicle drive device
CN110739804B (en) * 2018-07-18 2022-04-12 株式会社爱信 Cooling structure for rotating electric machine and vehicle drive device

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WO2000074214A1 (en) 2000-12-07
AU5261900A (en) 2000-12-18
NO20015788D0 (en) 2001-11-27
SE9901919L (en) 2000-11-28
SE9901919D0 (en) 1999-05-27
CA2375426A1 (en) 2000-12-07
JP2003501996A (en) 2003-01-14
NO20015788L (en) 2001-11-27

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