CN1356537A - Fast tester of blood sugar concentration - Google Patents

Fast tester of blood sugar concentration Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1356537A
CN1356537A CN 01145153 CN01145153A CN1356537A CN 1356537 A CN1356537 A CN 1356537A CN 01145153 CN01145153 CN 01145153 CN 01145153 A CN01145153 A CN 01145153A CN 1356537 A CN1356537 A CN 1356537A
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blood sugar
amplifier
conductor
sugar concentration
frequency
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CN1160018C (en
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徐可欣
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XIANSHI OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd TIANJIN CITY
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XIANSHI OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd TIANJIN CITY
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Abstract

A fast tester for measuring the concentration of blood sugar is composed of light source, crystal, amplifier, optical fibre, probe, signal amplifier, CPU, driver, phase locked loop consisting of said driver, phase discriminator, voltage-controlled oscillator and frequency N-divider, and the current-power amplifying output circuit consisting of pre-amplifier, power amplifier and RF output interface. In the driver there is an intelligent phase locked loop consisting of adder, D/A converter and microprocessor.

Description

A kind of fast tester of blood sugar concentration
Technical field
The invention belongs to medicine detector device class, relate in particular to the rapid detection apparatus of human blood glucose concentration.
Background technology
Diabetes are a kind of common endocrine metabolism diseases, and the incidence of disease is higher.In China, only in Shenyang and two places, Beijing from 1980 to 1989 during the decade, morbidity rate just rises to 2.35-2.93% from 1.21%, and national diabetic increased by 3 times nearly in nearest 15 years, patient's total number of persons has reached more than 3,000 ten thousand, and is annual also with 1% speed increment.In the U.S., the above diabetic of now existing 2,000 ten thousand people.In Japan, according to statistics in 1999, diabetic and potential patient reached 6,900,000 people.The diabetic is owing to blood sugar concentration causes the internal metabolism disorder unusually, easily causes severe complications such as diabetes ketosis, cardio cerebrovascular affection, kidney failure, blind, acromelic gangrene and infection, and diabetes have become the fifth-largest cause of the death in the world thus.
At present also not having thoroughly to effect a radical cure the medical means of diabetes, mainly is by frequent monitoring blood sugar concentration, adjusts the consumption of hypoglycemic medicine, with the generation that prevents or alleviate complication.Yet existing measuring method need be taked blood sample, and uses disposable reagent and realize by biochemical method, and not only complex operation, meeting cause pain to the patient, but also the danger of infecting other disease is arranged.Therefore the no wound that realizes blood sugar for human body detects and not only can carry out timely, safe, painless self-monitoring to blood sugar concentration; Also can abandon consumables, reduce medical expense greatly.Adopt the non-invasive mensuration of blood sugar, will be all significant to the development of medical science detection technique and patient's diagnosis and treatment.
From the seventies, states such as West Germany, the U.S. carry out the trial of chemical composition measurement in the human body with regard to the method that begins applied optics.Do not have in the early stage research that wound detects at blood sugar, method with refraction was once attempted by measurement realizes to human eye by the U.S.; West Germany once proposed to absorb to determine blood sugar concentration by the ATR surface measurements.In recent years, Japanese Terumo company had proposed direct optically focused and carries out blood sugar to optical fundus blood vessel with the principle that absorbs and do not have the patent that wound detects; In the U.S., also have people such as March to utilize polarimetry that camera oculi anterior aqueous humor glucose concentration is detected, it is can take place and the proportional deflection of concentration of glucose according to polarized light plane of polarization when containing the solution of D-glucose, measures the concentration of glucose by measuring deflection angle.The shortcoming of this method is that deflection angle is less, and it is big to measure difficulty; And be easy to generate measured deviation.In addition, because that human eye measure to be realized difficulty is big, the patient also is difficult for reasons such as acceptance, has no result at present and comes to an end.
Also the someone has proposed Woundless blood sugar measuring methods such as scatterometry, light sound equipment method, Raman spectrometry in addition.But owing to use stronger LASER Light Source, be unsuitable for anthropological measuring,, still do not have the result that diagnosis and treatment are used so only rest on theoretical research stage.
Comparatively popular blood sugar does not have wound detection technique and method at present, mostly adopts near, middle infrared spectrum measuring method.
The Biocontrol technology company of the U.S. in 1996 has released Diasensor 1000 types does not have wound painstaking effort sugar instrument.It only needs forearm is placed on the instrument, and infrared light is injected skin, receives and measure the scattered reflection light through tissue, demonstrates blood sugar measured in a few minutes.But all the above and other no wound blood sugar instruments all not by the FDA authentication, we can say that also the blood sugar that does not also have success does not in the world have the instrument of invasive measurements, perhaps can realize successful method under the clinical precision meaning.
So a kind of quick, stable blood sugar concentration composition detecting instrument has wide application prospect.
Because contain its compositions such as glucose, fat, protein, moisture content in the blood of human body light is had absorption characteristic, so people adopt the near infrared spectroscopic measurements usually, its spectroscopic measurements time is all longer.It is a lot of that modern infrared spectrum instrument detects classification, but from the beam split type of instrument, can be divided into 4 kinds of main types:
1, acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF) though its size is little, does not have mechanical moving member, and robust characteristics are arranged.But because it is that beam split is carried out in the variation of having used electric signal, so though measuring speed is very fast.But still can not satisfy the needs of human blood glucose concentration composition fast detecting.
2, the combination of interference filter, because its wavelength is few, measuring accuracy is low and be unfavorable for the expansion of the project of measuring, the spectroscopic measurements time is also longer, so less in practice use.
3, grating beam splitting, owing to adopt mechanical scanning, the spectroscopic measurements time is still longer, thereby also seldom uses in practice.
4, the Fourier transform beam split, long because of Measuring Time, spectral range is narrow, equipment needed thereby is huge, and the expense costliness is so seldom use in practice.
Usually, the human blood glucose concentration detector of above-mentioned experimental stage trial-production is made of light source, crystal, detecting amplifier, optical fiber, gauge head, signal amplifier, central processing unit and driver.Because the driver of main devices acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF) wherein is to be used for producing and exporting a kind of device that detects blood sugar concentration composition high-frequency signal.And present acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF) is made up of cycle of phase-locked loop and current power amplification output circuit.Cycle of phase-locked loop wherein is by phase detector, low-pass filter, and voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) is linked in sequence with conductor, removes the Fractional-N frequency device and is connected with phase detector with conductor one end, and the other end is connected with the output terminal of voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), is used to export the low speed high-frequency signal; The current power amplification output circuit, be linked in sequence with conductor by current multiplier, prime amplifier, power amplifier, RF output interface, its current multiplier also is connected with the output terminal of voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) by conductor, is used for the electric current and the power of the low speed high-frequency signal of voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) output are carried out processing and amplifying.The panel controller that is equipped with display screen and forms on acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF) control panel by rotary switch, store button, scanning/shutdown switch, reconnaissance switch etc.But, since phase detector, low-pass filter, and the conventional phase locked loops frequency synthesizer that voltage controlled oscillator and frequency divider are formed needs the regular hour to lock once more when inversion frequency.And the length of locking time is by the decision of the frequency interval of free-running frequency of loop (low-pass filter) and saltus step.Can only make its restriction by the reasonably optimizing design near free-running frequency.Possibility does not make it be lower than this restriction.And when frequency hopping significantly, because the output frequency and the input voltage of voltage controlled oscillator are directly proportional substantially, so voltage big more (difference on the frequency is big more), required locking time is long more, reach hundreds of microsecond even millisecond its locking time, this has greatly limited the raising of frequency-scan speed, has also influenced the quality and the time of high-frequency signal output.Therefore it is longer still to take time in the testing process of blood sugar concentration composition, and detects the requirement that the effect difficulty reaches required standard.Simultaneously, need adopt general computing machine during detection, lack on-the-spot flexibly the use, and complicated operation, the cost height is difficult to be fit to the needs that small-sized medical institutions and patient family etc. locate fast detecting blood sugar concentration composition.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of fast tester of blood sugar concentration, can improve speed and the time and the quality standard of human body blood sugar concentration.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of fast tester of blood sugar concentration is made of light source, crystal, detecting amplifier, optical fiber, gauge head, signal amplifier, central processing unit and driver.
Described driver comprises that voltage controlled oscillator is linked in sequence with conductor by the phase demodulation low-pass filter, removes the Fractional-N frequency device and is connected the cycle of phase-locked loop that the other end and voltage controlled oscillator output terminal connect to form with the phase demodulation low-pass filter with conductor one end; With the current power amplification output circuit that is linked in sequence and forms with conductor by prime amplifier, power amplifier, RF output interface.
The invention reside in it and also comprise the INTELLIGENT PLL circuit that is linked in sequence and forms with conductor by totalizer, D/A converter, microprocessor, its totalizer and be arranged on the phase demodulation low-pass filter and the voltage controlled oscillator bonding conductor in, microprocessor respectively with the phase demodulation low-pass filter and remove the Fractional-N frequency device and is connected, produces and exports the tunable high-frequency electric signal by conductor fast when being used for blood sugar concentration and detecting.
Because the present invention has adopted above technical scheme, thereby fast tester of blood sugar concentration has:
1, when blood sugar concentration detects, can carry out the adjustment and the conversion of branch optical wavelength fast;
2, the broad sweep frequency of exportable 30-90MHz, when satisfying blood sugar concentration and examining fast to the requirement of quality and time;
3, when the blood sugar concentration fast detecting, can carry out the scanning of high frequency electrical signal frequency flexibly, and its quantity, at interval, time, circulation, driving power etc. all can adjust fast modulation flexibly;
4, large screen display, thick, accurate adjustment is whole to combine, and blood sugar concentration fast detecting result comes into plain view.
The present invention is owing to adopted the variation of electric signal in the process that the blood sugar concentration composition detects, carry out the principle of beam split, so measuring speed is fast, the highest slewing rate that realizes that 4000 wavelength/seconds are above, and have characteristics such as good wavelength accuracy and repeatability, and volume is little, easy to use, is fit to very much the needs that small-sized medical institutions and patient family etc. locate field quick detection blood sugar concentration composition.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic of the INTELLIGENT PLL circuit of driver in the fast tester of blood sugar concentration of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the circuit theory synoptic diagram of driver in the fast tester of blood sugar concentration of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the principle schematic of fast tester of blood sugar concentration of the present invention when blood glucose measurement is worked.
Wherein:
1, light source 2, condenser A 3, reflective mirror
4, crystal 5, condenser B 6, spectroscope
7, fiber port A 8, fiber port B 9, optical fiber
10, gauge head A 11, measured body 12, gauge head B
13, detecting amplifier A 14, detecting amplifier B 15, signal amplifier
16, central processing unit 17, power supply 18, driver
19, control panel 20, display 21, D/A converter
22, RF output 23, totalizer 24, voltage controlled oscillator
25, phase demodulation low-pass filter 26, remove Fractional-N frequency controller 27, prime amplifier
28, power amplifier 29, microprocessor
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing enforcement of the present invention is explained as follows:
In Fig. 1, the INTELLIGENT PLL loops that are provided with in the driver 18 by totalizer 23, D/A converter 21, microprocessor 29, phase demodulation low-pass filter 25, remove Fractional-N frequency controller 26 and form, produce and export the tunable high-frequency electric signal when being used for blood sugar concentration and detecting fast.Its totalizer 23, D/A converter 21, microprocessor 29 are linked in sequence by conductor; Totalizer 23 also is arranged in phase demodulation low-pass filter 25 and voltage controlled oscillator 24 bonding conductors.Microprocessor 29 is also respectively by conductor and phase demodulation low-pass filter 25 and remove Fractional-N frequency controller 26 and be connected.
In Fig. 2, the control circuit that is provided with in the driver 18 is connected and composed with conductor by INTELLIGENT PLL loop circuit and current power amplification output circuit.
Wherein, the INTELLIGENT PLL loop circuit is described by Fig. 1, by totalizer 23, D/A converter 21, microprocessor 29, phase demodulation low-pass filter 25, remove Fractional-N frequency controller 26 and forms, produces and export the tunable high-frequency electric signal when being used for blood sugar concentration and detecting fast.Its totalizer 23, D/A converter 21, microprocessor 29 are linked in sequence by conductor; Totalizer 23 also is arranged in phase demodulation low-pass filter 25 and voltage controlled oscillator 24 bonding conductors.Microprocessor 29 is also respectively by conductor and phase demodulation low-pass filter 25 and remove Fractional-N frequency controller 26 and be connected.
The current power amplification output circuit, it is linked in sequence and is formed by prime amplifier 27, power amplifier 28, RF output interface 22 usefulness conductors, is used for the quick high frequency electrical signal of voltage controlled oscillator 24 outputs is carried out the processing and amplifying of electric current and power.
Driver control circuit from the above mentioned, it has an end also to be connected with each gauge tap (as keyboard, pushbutton switch etc.) on the control panel 19, is used to accept extraneous regulation and control instruction.
In the control circuit that in driver 18, is provided with,
1, microprocessor 29: when being used for the blood sugar concentration fast detecting, driver 18 is managed and the control maincenter.
2, D/A converter device 21: can adopt 2 tunnel 8 figure places/digital to analog converter, wherein one the tunnel is used for the amplification of frequency hopping magnitude of voltage, and another road is used for the output gain value and amplifies.
3, voltage controlled oscillator 24: be used for oscillation frequency and change, when the blood sugar concentration fast detecting, can produce and export 30---the high frequency electrical signal of 90MHz with voltage-controlled voltage linear.
4, phase demodulation low-pass filter 25: when being used for the blood sugar concentration fast detecting, control voltage-controlled magnitude of voltage.
5, remove Fractional-N frequency controller 26: when being used for the blood sugar concentration fast detecting, will carry out the n frequency division from the nf0 high frequency electrical signal of voltage controlled oscillator 24 inputs after, with standard frequency f0 phase demodulation relatively, its frequency difference signal is delivered to voltage controlled oscillator through low-pass filter, and then finishes the phase-locked function of high frequency electrical signal.
6, prime amplifier 27: finish the elementary amplification of signal when being used for the blood sugar concentration fast detecting.
7, power amplifier 28: be used for the power amplification of prime amplifier 27 input signals.
Core of the present invention---the essence of " intelligent phaselocked loop " is exactly Applied Computer Techniques and D/A converter technology, wide range of frequencies is followed the tracks of being able to quick realization by D/A switch.Its fast frequency is tracked as multiple application and haves laid a good foundation.Why frequency of drives locking time of high frequency acousto-optic tunable filter of the present invention is faster than the driver of traditional acousto-optic tunable filter and traditional phaselocked loop thereof, is only to be 25 delicate because adopted D/A converter 21, its speed.Like this, the tracking of integer frequency poor (for example tens megahertzes) just can be finished in delicate tens in the super large scope; And, can finish by traditional phase-lock mode less than the frequency residual error of 1 megahertz; The summation time of frequency-tracking also only be 100 delicate about, its frequency lock time has shortened nearly 10 times.
In Fig. 3, fast tester of blood sugar concentration of the present invention, the principle when blood glucose measurement is worked is described as follows:
When the blood sugar concentration fast detecting, fast tester of blood sugar concentration is made up of light source 1, condenser A2, reflective mirror 3, crystal 4, condenser 5, spectroscope 6, fiber port A7, fiber port B8, optical fiber 9, gauge head A10, gauge head B12, detecting amplifier A13, detecting amplifier B14, signal amplifier 15, central processing unit 16, power supply 17, driver 18, display 20.Wherein,
1, light source 1: can adopt the light source of bromine tungsten filament lamp as this system, characteristics are that its spectrum has covered whole near infrared scopes, and this light source is near infrared range, and spectrum homogeneous, stable is that comparatively ideal near infrared is composed light source entirely.Its bromine tungsten filament lamp supply voltage is 12v, and power is 50W for well.
2, driver 18: different with beam split mode in the past, the present invention has adopted the described driver 18 that is provided with AOTF (the Acousto-ptic Tunabie Filter) acousto-optic tunable filter of advanced INTELLIGENT PLL loop circuit formation of Fig. 1, Fig. 2, only needs to change the effect that the frequency that drives the crystal 4 high frequency electrical signal can reach quick beam split.Rapidly, continuously scanning can obtain to switch and continuous monochromatic light fast in the required spectral range in the certain frequency scope.The characteristics of this beam split mode are that wavelength switches soon, favorable reproducibility, and optical system Immobility parts, and the wavelength control of sequencing makes its application have greater flexibility.The generation of AOTF high frequency electrical signal is AOTF (the Acousto-optic Tunabie Filter) driver that adopts the INTELLIGENT PLL loop circuit to constitute among the present invention, what export is modulated high frequency electrical signal, the monochromatic light that can obtain modulating after the crystal 4 beam split.Crystal 4 can adopt TeO 2Crystal.
3, gauge head A10, gauge head B12: adopt optical fiber as gauge head.The monochromatic light that driver 18 is told is delivered to the human body hand, ear, mouth, eye etc. of measured object 11 and locates after diffuse reflection via output optical fibre 9, by input optical fibre 9 pick up and backward level transmit.Adopt optical fiber to be as the advantage of gauge head: mechanism is simple, and use, flexible operation are convenient in multiple applications.Gauge head A10, gauge head B12 can be separately made, and also can be made into one.
4, detecting amplifier A13, detecting amplifier B14: detecting amplifier A13 is the reference light detecting amplifier, and detecting amplifier B14 is the flashlight detecting amplifier.Detecting amplifier B14 picks up and transmits the light signal that the human body hand that contains measured object 11, ear, mouth, eye etc. are located information by accepting optical fiber 9, behind the light receiving surface through projecting detecting amplifier, can obtain and the corresponding electric signal of its input light intensity at detecting amplifier A13, detecting amplifier B14 output terminal.The effect of detecting amplifier A13, detecting amplifier B14 is exactly that the light signal that the tested hand of human body, ear, mouth, eye etc. are located information is converted to corresponding electric signal, exports signal amplifier 15 to.It is photoelectricity testing part that the present invention adopts indium gallium arsenic, has the good responsiveness and the linearity in required spectral range, and the low characteristics of noise are arranged.
5, signal amplifier 15: from the input of detecting amplifier A13, detecting amplifier B14, take out the alternating component in the faint blood sugar for human body electric signal, after low noise, low drift, the good amplification of the linearity, and further suppressed noise.Treated signal is exported to central processing unit 16 again.
6, central processing unit 16: in the present invention, the initial measurement of central processing unit 16 control blood sugar for human body compositions.At first, central processing unit 16 control AOTF drivers 18 produce the pairing high frequency frequency of AOTF beam split.It is connected with signal amplifier 15 by lead, with detecting amplifier A13, detecting amplifier B14 detected blood sugar composition measurement data and acquisition time, collection count, after times of collection and acquisition rate etc. carry out the analyzing and processing of spectrum and data, can obtain the precise information that the blood sugar concentration composition is measured, and can show its measurement result by display 20 etc.Secondly, central processing unit 16 is also held concurrently and is controlled driver 18, and crystal 4 is exported required high frequency electrical signal.
7, power supply 17, being used to supply with places such as detecting amplifier A13, detecting amplifier B14, signal amplifier 15, central processing unit 16, driver 18 needs power supply.
In the blood sugar concentration fast detecting, the testing process of fast tester of blood sugar concentration is as follows:
At first send incident light and be incident to crystal 4 through condenser A2, reflective mirror 3 by light source 1, simultaneously driver 18 within it microprocessor 29 and the instruction of central processing unit 16 and control down, produce high frequency electrical signal, input crystal 4.Electroacoustics transducer in the crystal 4 is converted to high frequency input electrical signal (generally being about between tens megahertzes to two, hundred megahertzes) in intracrystalline ultrasonic vibration, and ultrasound wave has produced the modulation of space periodicity, and its effect resembles a phase grating.After being mapped to this grating, the incident illumination of light source 1 will produce Bragg diffraction, launch+diffraction light ,-diffraction light and diffraction light not, the frequency of its diffraction light wavelength and high frequency electrical signal has one to one and concerns.So, can change the diffraction light wavelength, and then also just reach the purpose of the required beam split of measuring blood as long as regulate, change driver 18 output signal frequency of quick high frequency acousto-optic tunable filter.Thus, in the measurement near infrared light of crystal 4 outgoing+diffraction light or-diffraction light, through condenser 5, spectroscope 6, and fiber port A7, gauge head A10, gauge head B12 that hand, ear, mouth, eye that reaches optical fiber 9 and measured object 11 human bodies etc. located, hand, ear, mouth, eye that places measured object 11 human bodies etc. located.Because of glucose has the absorption feature in middle-infrared band, and absorptivity is bigger, thus near infrared light is had absorption and scattering properties, thereby the scattering on one side in measured object 11 of the near infrared light of incident, Yi Bian be absorbed.Incident light locates to take place scattering on one side at the hand of tissue, ear, mouth, eye etc., on one side to blazing about, a little less than its luminous energy is incited somebody to action more and more in the process of propagating, geometrical length Lg place at the distance incident light, actual propagation the scattered light of mean path L will be from surperficial outgoing such as the hand of human body, ear, mouth, eyes, this emergent light has the information of blood sugar concentration.Therefore, set up suitable analyzing and processing model after gathering this information, just can measure the concentration of blood sugar.
By last, the light that is weakened obtains the measuring light signal respectively thus after optical fiber 9 exports detecting amplifier B14 to, is gathered by central processing unit 16 after signal amplifier 15 processing and amplifying.16 pairs of signals of gathering input of central processing unit carry out a series of processing such as regretional analysis, can draw the accurate numerical value of blood sugar constituent concentration.
Blood sugar concentration composition fast detecting instrument of the present invention, because the driver 18 in it has adopted advanced INTELLIGENT PLL loop circuit to constitute, and has an electronics modulation function, so it is fast that it has speed with respect to the spectroscopic instruments of classics, there is not mechanical moving member, spectral range is wide, advantages such as size is little, it detects beam split speed and improves nearly 10 times than the branch ray velocity of present blood sugar concentration composition detector in blood glucose measurement, so measuring speed is fast, the highest slewing rate that realized for 4000 wavelength/seconds, and have good wavelength and select characteristics such as accuracy and repeatability, thereby very suitable small-sized medical institutions and patient family etc. locate on-the-spot carry out the fast monitoring and the measurement of blood sugar concentration composition.

Claims (1)

1. a fast tester of blood sugar concentration is made of light source, crystal, detecting amplifier, optical fiber, gauge head, signal amplifier, central processing unit and driver,
Described driver comprises that voltage controlled oscillator is linked in sequence with conductor by the phase demodulation low-pass filter, removes the Fractional-N frequency device and is connected the cycle of phase-locked loop that the other end and voltage controlled oscillator output terminal connect to form with the phase demodulation low-pass filter with conductor one end; With the current power amplification output circuit that is linked in sequence and forms with conductor by prime amplifier, power amplifier, RF output interface;
It is characterized in that, it also comprises the INTELLIGENT PLL circuit that is linked in sequence and forms with conductor by totalizer, D/A converter, microprocessor, its totalizer and be arranged on the phase demodulation low-pass filter and the voltage controlled oscillator bonding conductor in, microprocessor respectively with the phase demodulation low-pass filter and remove the Fractional-N frequency device and is connected, produces and exports the tunable high-frequency electric signal by conductor fast when being used for blood sugar concentration and detecting.
CNB01145153XA 2001-12-31 2001-12-31 Fast tester of blood sugar concentration Expired - Fee Related CN1160018C (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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CN1160018C CN1160018C (en) 2004-08-04

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100535635C (en) * 2006-04-14 2009-09-02 中国科学院电子学研究所 Portable dry method instrument for quickly detecting optical and biochemical parameters
CN102599888A (en) * 2012-03-02 2012-07-25 天津大学 Optical topology imaging system and method on basis of digital phase locking detection technology

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100535635C (en) * 2006-04-14 2009-09-02 中国科学院电子学研究所 Portable dry method instrument for quickly detecting optical and biochemical parameters
CN102599888A (en) * 2012-03-02 2012-07-25 天津大学 Optical topology imaging system and method on basis of digital phase locking detection technology

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