CN1354702A - Method for sealing ingot-mould/dummy-bar assembly in continuous-casting plant, and corresponding seal element - Google Patents
Method for sealing ingot-mould/dummy-bar assembly in continuous-casting plant, and corresponding seal element Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1354702A CN1354702A CN00808711.3A CN00808711A CN1354702A CN 1354702 A CN1354702 A CN 1354702A CN 00808711 A CN00808711 A CN 00808711A CN 1354702 A CN1354702 A CN 1354702A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- ingot mould
- seal
- mentioned
- dummy bar
- mould
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/08—Accessories for starting the casting procedure
- B22D11/088—Means for sealing the starter bar head in the moulds
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
- Sealing Material Composition (AREA)
- Gasket Seals (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
In a continuous-casting plant, a method of utilization sealing gasket between the dummy bar and the ingot mould envisages a seal element to be installed directly within the ingot mould outside of the continuous-casting plant. Said seal element(1)may be either in the form of a slightly deformable single sheet, or in the form of a rigid plate bearing along the entire edge a plurality of deformable detached parts(10)making up a continuous sealing gasket.
Description
Invention field
The present invention relates to the encapsulating method of ingot mould/mould/dummy-bar assembly in a kind of continuous casting installation for casting, the sealing gasket of implementing this method, and the use of above-mentioned sealing gasket in continuous metal cast process.More particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of in the method for promptly under not online situation, the form seal pad being inserted crystallizer under the condition of overall safety.
Prior art
In continuous casting installation for casting, liquid metal be poured into be arranged in production line top drive end cooled crystallizer or ingot mould so that be drawn out of and further cooling.When contacting with the cold inwall of ingot mould, cast metal-cured and form one deck duricrust generally still contains liquid metal in this duricrust, with continuous mode the bottom of duricrust from ingot mould extracted.Contained liquid metal solidifies fully along foundry production line in the duricrust, and after solidifying fully, the base substrate of Chan Shenging generally carries out alignment earlier like this, cuts into the part with predetermined length then.
When casting operation begins, when ingot mould also is sky fully, must adopt device, so that prevent that molten metal from flowing out ingot mould ability when the duricrust with adequate thickness and intensity forms and pulling out it from ingot mould.
In order to reach this purpose, adopt a kind of object that is referred to as dummy bar, this dummy bar has the section slightly littler than ingot mould section, so that play a part ingot mould temporary transient closed.Dummy bar contacts with following extraction assembly in a side, then is equipped with the device that is hooked on the base substrate at opposite side, and above-mentioned base substrate is solidified to form by liquid metal in the ingot mould.Consider that liquid metal (for example has low viscosity, the fluid property of liquid steel can compare with water fully), obviously, must seal the space that exists between the inwall of ingot mould and the dummy bar fully, so that prevent that liquid metal from sewing and consequential obstruction pig moulding machine, damage pig moulding machine, perhaps also having worse situation is the possibility that jeopardizes workpeople's safety.Sealing mainly is to carry out with two kinds of methods: or by dummy bar inserts the operating position after, encapsulant being put into ingot mould, otherwise exactly by before dummy bar insertion ingot mould, encapsulant being placed on the head of dummy bar as a kind of sealing gasket (gasket).Yet all there is important disadvantages in these methods.In fact, for encapsulant is put into ingot mould, or require the staff to go to the ingot mould mouth, this ingot mould mouth below tundish, and under any circumstance all be used to support or the equipment of mobile tundish below, or, for example, as what advised by announced Japanese patent application book JP7-314099, adopt a kind of automatic machinery, this automatic machinery is at the internal spray encapsulant of ingot mould.Yet in the previous case, condition of work is very inconvenient and danger close, and under latter event, cannot determine that the sealing material layer that sprays does not have damage and not dangerous crackle or gap fully.Under any circumstance, utilize other machine all can increase the complexity and the cost of technical process.If not so, but directly be placed in sealing gasket on the head of dummy bar, for example, as if it is such in announced Japanese patent application book JP8174160, perhaps be placed on the plate of insertion, as among the european patent application book No.231520, then must prevent sealing gasket when dummy bar arrives ingot mould because impact or fracture and impaired.Therefore, must directly sealing gasket be installed in the front of ingot mould, and, in order to accomplish this point, the staff has to work in the cooling chamber below ingot mould, for use in sealing gasket is fixed on the head of dummy bar, that is in addition than under the more inconvenient and more dangerous condition of work in ingot mould mouth place, working.
The present invention guarantees that by a kind of simple and safe being used to is provided the method that seals ingot mould/mould/dummy-bar assembly reaches the purpose that overcomes these shortcomings.
Summary of the invention
According to the method described in the present invention, mainly be based on such fact, promptly use preformed seal, before dummy bar inserts ingot mould, break away from used foundry production line,, above-mentioned preformed seal is installed in the inside of ingot mould preferably in the outside of Casting Equipment.This back a solution provides the condition that is perfectly safe as major advantage and by preferred when implementing because it reaches aspect carrying out number of times.Yet, may there be certain situation, for example perhaps the stand-by equipment of the band ingot mould of installing on used foundry production line next door wherein shows and sealing gasket must be installed in the Casting Equipment, although be in the outside use of foundry production line.
The bump that above-mentioned seal stretches out around preferably equipping along its whole edge, the plane of this bump and seal roughly meets at right angles, and have towards the tapered section of free end direction, be easy to adapt to the head of dummy bar when inserting in the ingot mould with convenient dummy bar, and between dummy bar and ingot mould, compress gradually, to guarantee sealing fully.
In addition, seal can be made of the lamellar main body of a kind of monoblock of plastic material system, or is made of several parts, and these parts are by relevant rigid plate, and for example metal plate is fixed.
Seal as the monoblock main body is made can have a central through hole, passes this through hole the fixed element between dummy bar and the casting base substrate is connected on the dummy bar.Above-mentioned fixed element can unload from dummy bar, and when dummy bar upwards arrives ingot mould, be fixed on the dummy bar with quick clamping and quick disengaging gear, otherwise just be fixed on the above-mentioned rigid plate, above-mentioned rigid plate is connected on the dummy bar with clamping fast with quick disengaging gear again.
Under the situation that adopts several parts fixed seal of making by rigid plate, these parts are for example to get the slender bodies shape with channel section, pack into the edge of above-mentioned rigidity consolidation board of vertical cavity of this slender bodies.
Under any circumstance, no matter seal is to assemble the part that fits on the rigid plate as a whole or as one, in plane, all has the identical shape of using together with it of ingot mould horizontal section, and the linear dimension on each limit all size than ingot mould corresponding sides is big slightly, for example between 0.1-4%, it is big slightly perhaps to have under the situation of circular cross section a diameter than ingot mould at ingot mould, therefore, because the difference on the size is out of shape caused friction by seal and will be made it remain on the appropriate location in ingot mould.
Preferably, have the seal of central through hole, also can equip the otch that several begin from centre bore, so that fixed element passes through with casting base substrate.
In fact, to each section of ingot mould one of them, all prepare the seal of a few types.When adopting specific ingot mould, select suitable seal, and before inserting dummy bar, seal is installed in the ingot mould, it still seals herein, because as previously mentioned, it has the size section bigger slightly than ingot mould inside dimension.In the preferred case, operated by its outside in Casting Equipment, the ingot mould that is equipped with sealing gasket can be transported to conticaster at the appropriate time then and be fixed on the conticaster.
Under any circumstance, when the ingot mould that is equipped with sealing gasket is in the foundry production line, make to be equipped with the dummy bar that is used to be hooked to the element on the casting base substrate and to arrive ingot mould up and push in this ingot mould.Dummy bar, the joint between ingot mould inwall and the seal helps the periphery of squeeze sealing member pasting ingot mould, if especially seal has the bump that at right angles stretches out, provides a kind of sealing completely like this.
Being used to make dummy bar can be any suitable type with the fixed element of casting base substrate, for example so-called starting hook or starting cage (starting cage) or spiral, can become integral body with dummy bar, perhaps can unload from dummy bar, perhaps can become integral body with rigid plate, it also can be connected with dummy bar with a kind of demountable mode.Above-mentioned fixed element or above-mentioned rigid plate can be utilized quick clamping and quick disengagement element, expansion loop for example, and spring action hook etc. is connected on the dummy bar.
In order to accelerate in ingot mould to form the metal that ground floor solidifies, and therefore prevent the seal burning and allow liquid metal spill ingot mould like that, can be with a kind of known mode originally, in ingot mould inside, be equipped with the dummy bar top of sealing gasket, add coolant, for example a spot of scrap metal.
Description of drawings
To utilize some preferred embodiment that the present invention more properly is described now, these preferred embodiments illustrate with plate additional in each accompanying drawing, and they provide non-limitative example purely, wherein:
Fig. 1 is according to seal schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the ingot mould that is equipped with seal, with the vertical sectional view of preparing to push the dummy bar head in the ingot mould;
Fig. 3 is the view identical with Fig. 2, but dummy bar has inserted in the ingot mould;
Fig. 4 is the seal schematic diagram that is formed by several parts that are combined into rigid plate;
Fig. 5 illustrates one of them two kinds of possible sections of several parts of above-mentioned formation seal;
Fig. 6 is the ingot mould that is equipped with seal according to of the present invention, with the vertical sectional view of another embodiment for preparing to push the dummy bar head in the ingot mould;
Fig. 7 is the view identical with Fig. 6, but dummy bar has inserted in the ingot mould;
Fig. 8 is the ingot mould that is equipped with seal according to of the present invention, with the vertical sectional view of another embodiment for preparing to push the dummy bar head in the ingot mould;
Fig. 9 is the ingot mould that is equipped with seal according to of the present invention, the vertical sectional view of another embodiment of the dummy bar head in inserting ingot mould;
Figure 10 is the ingot mould that seal is arranged according to device of the present invention, the vertical sectional view of another embodiment of the dummy bar head in inserting ingot mould.
Detailed description of the invention
In Fig. 1, the schematic plan view of seal 1 is shown, sealing part 1 possesses an outstanding bump 2 (illustrating with hacures) on its edge, possess a centre bore 3 and possess some otch 4.
As shown in Figure 2, in each specific ingot mould 5, when it also when pig moulding machine is outside, assemble a suitable seal 1.In the drawings, ingot mould shows consistent with the head of dummy bar 7, and the head of this dummy bar 7 also is equipped with and is used for the fixed device 6 of casting base substrate.These consolidation device 6 can become integral body with dummy bar, otherwise be exactly dismountable, under dismountable situation, the device 11 (they itself are known) that imagination clamps dummy bar and throws off fast with dummy bar fast is such as difformity or identical shaped hook.This consolidation device 6 and fast fixture 11, and other embodiment of their assemblys are shown in Fig. 6-10.
When pouring practice begins, in the head insertion ingot mould 5 with dummy bar 7, as shown in Figure 3, therefore push the edge 2 of the seal 1 between dummy bar and the ingot mould inwall.Shown in the position in, fixed element 6 forces each otch 4 of Fig. 1 to open, so that can pass hole 3, stretches in the ingot mould, and hooks the metal that injects ingot mould subsequently with hook herein.Seal 1 is advantageously used semi-rigid and deformable material manufacturing, has the material of similar strength and ductility characteristics as plastics, thermoplastic resin and other.
Under latter event, make seal 1 better remain on ingot mould inside if must reach, seal 1 also can be strengthened with strengthening steel slab 12.
As previously mentioned, seal 1 can have the flat thin sheet form made from the deformable material that compares rigidity, this flat thin plate preferably possesses a continuous bump 2 on its each edge, this bump 2 has the section of wedgewise roughly, roughly meets at right angles simultaneously to stretch out from the plane of above-mentioned thin plate.Alternatively, as shown in Figure 4, can use a kind of rigid plate 8, the plate made from metal 8 for example, this rigid plate 8 has the shape identical with the ingot mould inner section in plane, but have less size, this plate is equipped with and is used for casting base substrate fixed device 6 and the device (not shown) that is hooked on the dummy bar.
On each edge of above-mentioned rigid plate 8, it is slot type (slot-mounted) that install seal 10 on every side, seal 10 usefulness plastic material manufacturings also form a continuous extension, this continuous extension is projected into the outside, edge of rigid plate itself, therefore plate adds seal and presents the inside dimension that its size is a bit larger tham ingot mould on the whole, this says in some sense, and the thing illustrated with the relevant seal of getting thin sheet form as mentioned above 1 is identical.This integral body was installed in the inside of ingot mould before inserting dummy bar, as 1 of seal has been illustrated.Fig. 5 illustrates two kinds of possible sections of above-mentioned seal 10, and wherein a kind of roughly is the U-shaped shape, and another kind of identical with first kind, but possesses a continuous bump 2, and it roughly is the section of wedge shape that this continuous bump 2 has one.
In the embodiment shown in Fig. 8 or 9, also can utilize seal 10 on every side.
Figure 10 illustrates the another kind of variant of seal section, in this case, section has a frame shape, this framework only centers on the perimeter mounted of dummy bar head and centre bore is opened, so that be provided for the space of corresponding uncinus 11 combinations with of uncinus 13, uncinus 11 unitary fixed are on rigid plate 8.
Claims (16)
1. be used for sealing the method for continuous casting installation for casting ingot mould/mould/dummy-bar assembly, it is characterized in that the following step:
A kind of preformed seal is provided,
When ingot mould is during in used foundry production line outside, above-mentioned seal is installed in ingot mould inside,
Dummy bar is inserted on the above-mentioned seal,
With clamping device above-mentioned dummy bar is fixed in the above-mentioned seal.
2. it is characterized in that in accordance with the method for claim 1: it provide when ingot mould be seal to be installed in step in the ingot mould in Casting Equipment when outside.
3. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that: to above-mentioned seal, in plane, it provides a kind of and the identical shape of using together with it of ingot mould inner horizontal section, and the linear dimension on each limit of seal is a bit larger tham the size on corresponding each limit of ingot mould.
4. in accordance with the method for claim 3, it is characterized in that: the linear dimension on each limit of seal that it provides is bigger than the size on corresponding each limit of ingot mould, between 0.1 and 4%.
5. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that: it provides the sealing between a kind of dummy bar and the ingot mould by force that the edge of above-mentioned seal is out of shape between ingot mould (5) and dummy bar (7).
6. in accordance with the method for claim 5, it is characterized in that: it provides the above-mentioned seal with edge (1), this edge has a bump (2), bump (2) roughly meets at right angles with the seal plane and stretches out, and become integral body with seal, the above-mentioned bump that stretches out has the section of triangularity roughly, and when using, is forced to be between the inwall of dummy bar and ingot mould.
7. seal (1), be used for guaranteeing the sealing between continuous casting installation for casting dummy bar (7) and the ingot mould (5), and constitute by relatively thin plane body, seal (1) is installed in the ingot mould (5) when ingot mould (5) is in the Casting Equipment outside, above-mentioned relatively thinner plane body has a kind of shape, in plane, this shape is consistent with the shape that plane body inserts ingot mould (5) wherein, plane body has the linear dimension that the linear dimension on its each limit is a bit larger tham each limit of ingot mould respective inner, above-mentioned plane body has a bump (2) along its periphery, this part (2) and above-mentioned plane body meet at right angles basically and stretch out and become integral body with it, above-mentioned bump (2) have roughly towards dummy bar (7) direction gradually point be leg-of-mutton section basically.
8. according to the described seal of claim 7, it is characterized in that: it has a central through hole (3), this through hole (3) can become be used for will be fixed on the above-mentioned dummy bar (7) the passage of clasp joint device (hooking means) (6) on the continous way casting base substrate, the otch of several perforations is from this central through hole (3).
9. according to the described seal of claim 7, it is characterized in that: it comprises a rigid plate (1), and this rigid plate (1) has with the fixing device (11) of dummy bar (7).
10. according to the described seal of claim 8, it is characterized in that: it comprises a flex plate (1,14), and this flex plate (1,14) has with the fixing device (11) of dummy bar (7).
11., it is characterized in that according to claim 9 or 10 described seals: it comprise several segmentations that separate of installing along above-mentioned panel edges (10a, 10b, 10c, 10d).
12., it is characterized in that according to the described seal of claim 11: said fixing device (11) but disengagement type be fixed on the above-mentioned dummy bar (7).
13. according to the described seal of claim 10, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned flex plate (14) has a rigid plate (12) of strengthening.
14. seal (1), be used for guaranteeing the sealing between continuous casting installation for casting dummy bar (7) and the ingot mould (5), and by relatively thinner plane body (15) formation, seal (1) is to be installed in the ingot mould (5) when Casting Equipment is outside at ingot mould (5), above-mentioned relatively thinner plane body (15) has a kind of shape, in plane, this shape is consistent with the ingot mould shape that it inserts wherein, hermetic unit (10) around above-mentioned plane body (15) has one along its periphery, sealing part (10) is installed along the edge of above-mentioned plane body (15), and in the installation site, hermetic unit (10) has the linear dimension that the linear dimension on its each limit is a bit larger tham ingot mould (5) each limit of respective inner.
15. according to the described seal of claim 14, it is characterized in that: (10c 10d) constitutes hermetic unit for 10a, 10b by several segmentations that separate around above-mentioned.
16. adopt in continuous metal cast process according to one of them described seal (1) of claim 7-15, sealing part (1) is before dummy bar (7) inserts in the ingot mould (5), is installed in this ingot mould (5).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ITMI99A001295 | 1999-06-10 | ||
| IT1999MI001295A ITMI991295A1 (en) | 1999-06-10 | 1999-06-10 | METHOD FOR SEALING THE LINGOTTERY SET - FALSE BAR IN A CONTINUOUS CASTING SYSTEM AND RELATIVE SEALING ELEMENT |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1354702A true CN1354702A (en) | 2002-06-19 |
| CN1221346C CN1221346C (en) | 2005-10-05 |
Family
ID=11383146
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN00808711.3A Expired - Fee Related CN1221346C (en) | 1999-06-10 | 2000-06-07 | Method for sealing ingot-mould/dummy-bar assembly in continuous-casting plant, and corresponding seal element |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1194254B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1221346C (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE248039T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU765130B2 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE60004848T2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2204609T3 (en) |
| IT (1) | ITMI991295A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2000076693A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102847895A (en) * | 2012-09-17 | 2013-01-02 | 中天钢铁集团有限公司 | Ingot guide device for steelmaking continuous casting technique and ingot guide method thereof |
| CN103038000A (en) * | 2010-06-30 | 2013-04-10 | 西门子Vai金属科技有限责任公司 | Initial casting part, dummy bar head, and dummy bar for a continuous casting machine for casting preliminary profiles |
| CN101585076B (en) * | 2008-05-23 | 2014-04-23 | 康卡斯特股份公司 | Dummy bar head seal system in a mould of a bar casting assembly for casting large-scale preliminary forms |
| CN115335161A (en) * | 2020-02-20 | 2022-11-11 | 瓦格斯塔夫公司 | System, apparatus and method for mold starter block alignment |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009073005A1 (en) * | 2007-12-04 | 2009-06-11 | Loma Machine, A Division Of Magnum Integrated Technologies Inc. | Waterbox for use with a continuous casting assembly for vertically casting metal slabs |
| CN106925734B (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2019-12-20 | 宁波创润新材料有限公司 | Method for manufacturing dummy bar head |
| CN113145812B (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2022-10-25 | 东北大学 | Method for optimizing flow of continuous casting transient molten steel |
| DE102021213770A1 (en) | 2021-12-03 | 2023-06-07 | Sms Group Gmbh | Sealing system for a continuous casting plant |
| WO2024094846A1 (en) | 2022-11-04 | 2024-05-10 | Sms Group Gmbh | Sealing system for use with a dummy bar head of a continuous casting system and method for producing a metal product by means of continuous casting using the sealing system |
| DE102023210885A1 (en) | 2022-11-04 | 2024-05-08 | Sms Group Gmbh | Sealing system for use with a cold strand head of a continuous casting plant and method for producing a metallic product by continuous casting using the sealing system |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH659016A5 (en) * | 1982-12-20 | 1986-12-31 | Concast Service Union Ag | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR SEALING A STARTING HEAD IN A CONTINUOUS CASTING COIL. |
| JPH05285610A (en) * | 1992-04-14 | 1993-11-02 | Nippon Steel Corp | Mold seal device for starting continuous casting and using method therefor |
| JPH06106307A (en) * | 1992-09-29 | 1994-04-19 | Sumitomo Heavy Ind Ltd | Method for sealing dummy bar head in continuous casting |
| AT401148B (en) * | 1993-03-30 | 1996-06-25 | Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen | GASKET FOR A START-UP HEAD FOR USE IN A CONTINUOUS CASTING SYSTEM |
-
1999
- 1999-06-10 IT IT1999MI001295A patent/ITMI991295A1/en unknown
-
2000
- 2000-06-07 ES ES00935181T patent/ES2204609T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-06-07 WO PCT/EP2000/005221 patent/WO2000076693A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2000-06-07 AT AT00935181T patent/ATE248039T1/en active
- 2000-06-07 AU AU50762/00A patent/AU765130B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2000-06-07 DE DE60004848T patent/DE60004848T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-06-07 EP EP00935181A patent/EP1194254B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-06-07 CN CN00808711.3A patent/CN1221346C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101585076B (en) * | 2008-05-23 | 2014-04-23 | 康卡斯特股份公司 | Dummy bar head seal system in a mould of a bar casting assembly for casting large-scale preliminary forms |
| CN103038000A (en) * | 2010-06-30 | 2013-04-10 | 西门子Vai金属科技有限责任公司 | Initial casting part, dummy bar head, and dummy bar for a continuous casting machine for casting preliminary profiles |
| CN103038000B (en) * | 2010-06-30 | 2016-06-15 | 首要金属科技奥地利有限责任公司 | Opening of conticaster for being used for rare-earth metal section base accordingly waters part, dummy head and dummy bar |
| CN102847895A (en) * | 2012-09-17 | 2013-01-02 | 中天钢铁集团有限公司 | Ingot guide device for steelmaking continuous casting technique and ingot guide method thereof |
| CN102847895B (en) * | 2012-09-17 | 2015-06-17 | 中天钢铁集团有限公司 | Ingot guide device for steelmaking continuous casting technique and ingot guide method thereof |
| CN115335161A (en) * | 2020-02-20 | 2022-11-11 | 瓦格斯塔夫公司 | System, apparatus and method for mold starter block alignment |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU765130B2 (en) | 2003-09-11 |
| EP1194254B1 (en) | 2003-08-27 |
| ITMI991295A1 (en) | 2000-12-10 |
| DE60004848D1 (en) | 2003-10-02 |
| ES2204609T3 (en) | 2004-05-01 |
| WO2000076693A1 (en) | 2000-12-21 |
| ATE248039T1 (en) | 2003-09-15 |
| EP1194254A1 (en) | 2002-04-10 |
| ITMI991295A0 (en) | 1999-06-10 |
| CN1221346C (en) | 2005-10-05 |
| DE60004848T2 (en) | 2004-07-08 |
| AU5076200A (en) | 2001-01-02 |
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| PB01 | Publication | ||
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| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20051005 Termination date: 20160607 |