CN1352819A - A wind power plant - Google Patents
A wind power plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN1352819A CN1352819A CN99816680A CN99816680A CN1352819A CN 1352819 A CN1352819 A CN 1352819A CN 99816680 A CN99816680 A CN 99816680A CN 99816680 A CN99816680 A CN 99816680A CN 1352819 A CN1352819 A CN 1352819A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/36—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks via a high-tension dc link
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D15/00—Transmission of mechanical power
- F03D15/20—Gearless transmission, i.e. direct-drive
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
- F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
- F03D9/255—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator connected to electrical distribution networks; Arrangements therefor
- F03D9/257—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator connected to electrical distribution networks; Arrangements therefor the wind motor being part of a wind farm
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
- Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
- Installation Of Indoor Wiring (AREA)
- Windings For Motors And Generators (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
- Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)
Abstract
A wind power plant comprising at least one wind power station, which includes a wind turbine, an electric generator driven by this wind turbine and a rectifier, and an electric direct voltage connection between the rectifier arranged at the wind power station and an inverter, the alternating voltage side of which is connected to a transmission or distribution network, the inverter being arranged on the network side of the plant. An underwater cable or the like being included in the direct voltage connection. The plant comprises a DC/DC-converter having a low voltage side electrically connected to the rectifier and a high voltage side electrically connected to the inverter. The inventer is arranged on the wind power station side of the underwater cable. With advantage, several wind power stations are parallel connected on the low-voltage side of the DC/DC-converter.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of wind power plant that comprises at least one wind power station, described wind power station comprises wind turbine, generator by this wind turbine and rectifier driving, and be arranged on the described rectifier of wind power station and the direct voltage connecting circuit between the inverter, the alternating voltage side of this inverter is connected to transmission or power distribution network, and inverter is arranged on electrical network one side of this power plant.
The present invention is preferred for following situation, and wherein the connection between generator and transmission or the power distribution network comprises the cable that can be immersed in the water.Therefore in other words, the present invention relates generally to a kind of like this application, and wherein one or more wind turbines and relevant generator can be placed in marine or the lake, and the cable that extends to transmission or power distribution network is placed in the land.Although the following advantage of the present invention mainly is about the wind turbine that is arranged in marine or lake, but the present invention also can bring into play its advantage in following situation, be that wind turbine and generator are positioned at the land, and in this case can be by cable but several such wind turbine/generators can be connected with transmission or power distribution network by the connection that overhead transmission line or cable form.
Background technology of the present invention and prior art
When the wind power station is positioned at when marine,, a large amount of wind power stations is in the limited zone in order to realize the economy of this design.This wind power generation based on seawater needs bigger wind power station (more than 3 megawatts), and therefore the suitable overall system power of expectation is the 50-100 megawatt.Up to now, the precondition of the design that this wind-force is settled is, transmitted by conventional AC in the cable system of three-phase alternating voltage ocean and carries out electric energy transmitting effectively.In this case, the generator asynchronous generator of three-phase substantially always.Though exist used synchronous generator to be connected directly to the example of power distribution network really, can cause complicated mechanical spring floatation part must be installed the variable power that causes because of the variation characteristic of wind loads with buffering usually between generator and engine house.This point depends on such fact, and promptly the rotor dynamics of synchronous machine act as the spring of a similar opposing rigidity AC voltage network, and asynchronous machines act as a similar buffer.3 kilowatts traditional asynchronous generator can be inferred and is the manufacturing of about 3-6 kilovolt, and the transformer of can connecting, and it is promoted to for example 24 kilovolts at first step with voltage.In the wind-force arrangement field of 30-40 wind power station is arranged a central transformer can be set, it further is promoted to 130 kilovolts with voltage.The advantage of this system is that it is cheap and without any need for the subsystem of complexity.Its shortcoming is in part because in the technical difficulty of High Level AC Voltage voltage cable middle and long distance transferring electric power.This depends on such fact, i.e. the capacitive character reactive power of cable generation increases with length.The electric current that passes conductor then and be in the cable shield raises, and uses and make cable can not be used for long distance.Another shortcoming is, wind loads changes and causes change in voltage on the transmission line, and this can influence and connect nigh power consumer.This especially electrical network be the situation of " weak ", promptly have low short-circuit power.Because the technical problem of aforesaid toll cable transmission, people may be forced to the wind-force electric field is connected to the electrical network of " weak ".According to specific guideline, change in voltage can not be greater than 4%.There is different regulations in different countries, and under the lower situation of voltage level on the transmission line, this setting is little usually.Must carry out different processing to change in voltage according to the time interval.Change in voltage can cause " flicker " fast, i.e. glow lamp brightness changes, and this also is among the adjustment of rule.
A solution of above-mentioned long-distance cable problem is to utilize the high-voltage dc voltage electric energy transmitting.This cable can directly be pulled to strong electrical network like this.Another advantage is that the loss ratio of direct current transmission exchanges the low of transmission.Say that from technical standpoint cable length can be unlimited like this.Forming HVDC by converting plant, transmission line (cable or overhead transmission line), anti-phase station and the filter of removing the frequency multiplication that produces in transfer process connects.In the old form that HVDC connects, thyristor is used to rectification and anti-phase.Thyristor can be switched to out, but can not switch to the pass; Exchange when zero crossing voltage, this is by the alternating voltage decision, so transducer is called as the line exchange.The shortcoming of this technology is the converter consume reactive power, and causes sending the electric current frequency multiplication to electrical network.In modern direct voltage solution, IGBT is used to replace the thyristor in the transducer.IGBT (insulated door bipolar transistor) can be switched to out, and switches to the pass, and has high switching frequency.This means that transducer can make according to diverse principle, promptly so-called from exchanging transducer.In a word, the advantage that exchanges transducer certainly is that they can send and consume reactive power, can carry out the active compensation of voltage level when this makes it a little less than electrical network in grid side.Therefore this transducer is better than old technology, because it can be connected to the power distribution network of more close wind power generation.Compare with old HVDC generator, high switching frequency has also caused the minimizing of frequency multiplication problem.But it is higher that its shortcoming is in the loss of switching station, and price is also higher.Characteristics from the exchange transducer are that voltage is to be set up by the fast-pulse figure that transducer produces.Voltage difference between pulse pattern and sinusoidal line voltage can be positioned on the electric induction of grid side.Two types the inverter of exchange is certainly arranged: voltage rigidity VSI (voltage source inverter) and electric current rigidity CSI (current source inverter), its characteristic is slightly different.VSI has at least one electric capacity in DC side, has best power adjustments.
Set up some and adopted the experimental wind power station of similar HVDC notion, but be fully, promptly in order to realize the variable rotational speed of each wind power station for different reasons.The generator of this wind power station breaks away from electrical network by means of the direct current on the low pressure that is generally 400V or 660V level connects then.When the variation that causes rotary speed can be used to fast power pulsation that elimination can cause " flicker ", the variable rotational speed of turbine provided energy gain.But certainly can not eliminate slow variable power, this is intrinsic in the character of wind load.The moment of inertia of turbine can be used as the intermediate storage of kinetic energy.In this system, it is any unfavorable that synchronous generator can not produce, though have advantage, because asynchronous machines needs more expensive and more complicated rectifier.The generator that DC driven is arranged if desired, therefore and be omitted in travelling gear between turbine and the generator, generator just must be synchronous so, because it can be provided with many electrodes.In other words, the generator of DC driven needs to connect in the middle of the direct current.In this notion,, can adjust moment on one's own initiative by changing trigger angle so if use controlled rectifier.In having most of notions of variable rotational speed, further provide outside active rotation speed control by so-called spacing control, this means that blade angle changes on turbine.Shortcoming according to the variable rotational speed of related notion is costing an arm and a leg of power demand electronic equipment, and the maintenance of this power electronics devices outside the ocean is difficulty and expensive.
In W097/45908, propose a kind of technical scheme, wherein combined the advantage of the HVDC connection of variable rotational speed system superperformance and old model.By the wind power station parallel connection (seeing Fig. 3 of this document) among connecting in the middle of the direct current, several N low pressure inverters and a high-voltage rectifier have been omitted.According to this scheme, the rectifier that has choke is used in wind power generation turbine one side, and the central inverter that has relevant choke is used in electrical network one side.This system look like directly for the line exchange or any situation in electric current rigidity, rectifier and inverter design because the choke of direct voltage in connecting makes this electric current rigidity.This has an advantage, and promptly the direct voltage after the rectifier can change in big scope.This is necessary in the operation of variable rotational speed, because the generator in the wind power station can only send low output voltage under low rotary speed.But the shortcoming of electric current rigidity inverter be it can not be by electrical network the same reactive power of adjusting effectively with voltage rigidity inverter.In addition, the inverter in the direct current mode will be connected with the rectifier of parallel connection in the wind power station.This means to be the same from the direct current of wind-force electric field output and the inverter of importing the land.In addition, the prerequisite of this voltage is to be the 6-10 kilovolt, and this is the exemplary voltages that is used for conventional electric generators.This means that direct voltage is about 12 kilovolts, this total power transfer for 50 megawatts is unpractical low dc voltage.Loss meeting in cable is very big.And settle for the wind-force of 50-100 mw scale, need be on about 100 kilovoltage level transferring electric power.If transformer is connected to each generator, and the valve of sufficient amount is connected in all rectifiers, so just possible really of this point.If but can avoid transformer in the wind power station, can have very big advantage.In addition, the direct voltage that N required valve of output voltage of a plurality of N of being used to wind power station rectifications is connected serially to 100KV can be related to big problem.
Goal of the invention
The objective of the invention is, utilization is used for the simpler and more cheap system of variable rotational speed, obtain with modern HVDC system provided identical from based on the wind-force electric field of ocean extremely based on the good power transmission of the electrical network on land, and can exempt the transformer in the wind power station and the needs of controlled power electronic equipment.This is very valuable, because all maintenances of carrying out outside the ocean are expensive and are difficult to carry out.Another object of the present invention is, thereby the like this high voltage that can have on the direct current transmission also obtains low-loss for the big electric field of for example 50-100 megawatt.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention mainly is that the feature by following claim 1 characteristic realizes.Also therefore its high-pressure side is electrically connected to inverter and achieves a solution the low excessively technical problem of the unsolved direct voltage of prior art by DC-DC converter is electrically connected to rectifier with its low-pressure side outside the ocean.This DC-DC converter is similar with the transformer action mode that is used for direct current; It promotes direct voltage with coefficient n:1, reduces direct current with 1:n, and n represents conversion.This means that inverter and rectifier no longer are connected in series.
According to the preferred embodiments of the invention, rectifier forms the passive diode rectifier of connecting with local lifting dc voltage changer.It is simpler than the rectifier of line exchange, and is considered to and can under high pressure better operates.The local dc voltage changer that promotes is fit to be made of the IGBT valve and the diode in series of choke, series connection.This also can be the basic design of DC-DC converter.
In addition, preferably inverter is that exchange system certainly by the voltage rigidity constitutes, and its feature is better than the row switching system with regard to the viewpoint of power adjustment.This system is characterised in that, and is in parallel on the inverter of at least one capacitor on direct current connects in one embodiment of the invention, and inductor is in series with each in grid side and is connected.In preferred embodiments, valve is made of the IGBT of series connection.
Utilize at present about the generator techniques of wind power station, can produce can handle 10 kilovolts and better be to handle more high-tension generator.In addition, be used for variations in temperature, humidity and the salt sensitivity that traditional insulation technology of stator coil is faced wind turbine generator.
According to particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least one coil in the generator uses solid insulation, this insulation is preferably carried out according to claim 14.More particularly, this coil has the characteristic of high-tension cable.The generator of Zhi Zaoing has by this way just constituted the prerequisite that obtains the voltage that exceeds greatly than conventional electric generators.The voltage that can obtain is up to 400 kilovolts.This insulation system in this coil means salt, humidity and variations in temperature insensitive in addition.This high output voltage means that transformer can omit fully, and this has just been avoided aforesaid shortcoming, for example raising of cost, the risk of the reduction of efficient, risk on fire and environment.The latter causes owing to containing grease in traditional transformer.
Generator with this coil that is formed by cable can be worn cable manufacturing by passing in the preformed groove of stator being used for this purpose, so the flexibility of coil cable just means that passing the work of wearing cable can easily carry out.
Two semiconductor layers of insulation system have the electromotive force compensate function, and have therefore reduced the danger of surface light emitting.Inner semiconductor layer contacts with electric conductor that is positioned at this layer inside or one partially conductive, to obtain identical with it electromotive force.This la m is fixed on closely to be positioned on its outside solid insulator, and this also is applicable to the outer semiconductor layer is fixed on this solid insulator.The semiconductor layer in the outside tends to comprise the electric field in the solid insulator.
Adhere in order to ensure also keeping in temperature changing process between semiconductor layer and the solid insulator, this semiconductor layer and solid insulator will have same basically thermal coefficient of expansion.
Outer semiconductor layer ground connection in the insulation system or be connected to lower electromotive force.
In order to obtain to have the very generator of high pressure, this generator has above-mentioned several features, and obviously different with conventional art.Additional features is defined in the subordinate, will be discussed below:
Coil in the-magnetic circuit is the cable by the electric conductor with one or several permanent insulation
Make, wherein have semiconductor layer at the conductor place with in the outside of solid insulator.Allusion quotation
This cable of type is to have crosslinked polyethylene or ethylene-propylene insulator
Cable, it is used for the problem that discuss in this place, and about electric conductor and insulation system
Characteristic and further developing.
-cable with circular cross section is preferred, has other section but also can use
The cable of face shape is for example for when obtaining better bulk density.
-this cable make it can aspect groove and tooth with new and mode the best
The foliated core of design magnetic circuit.
-advantageously, utilize the utilization of insulation that segmented improves or foliated core the best and form
Coil.
-advantageously, this coil can form the concentric cable coil, and this makes it to subtract
The quantity that few coil end intersects.
The shape of-groove and the cross section of coil cable adapt, thereby this groove is a plurality of mutual axles
To and/or the form of the cylindrical opening that extends radially outwardly, and at stator coil
Has constriction between the layer.
The shape of-groove adapts with the cable cross-section of being discussed, and is suitable for coil insulation portion
The thickness segmented of dividing changes.This segmented insulated part makes it for magnetic core
Can have and radially extend irrelevant substantially invariable facewidth degree.
-above-mentioned further improvement about core means the coil that together is made of a plurality of layers
Conductor, promptly the insulation bundle conductor needn't be correct transposition, and nonisulated each other and/
Or insulation.
-above-mentioned further improvement about the outer semiconductor layer means that outer semiconductor layer is on the edge
The appropriate position that the cable length direction is cut off, and each part of cutting away
The direct ground connection of length.
The use of the above-mentioned type cable makes that it can be with the void width of cable outer semiconductor, and the other parts of this power plant remain on earth potential.An important advantage is that the electric field in the end winding of outer semiconductor outside approaches 0.Utilize the earth potential on the outer semiconductor layer, can control this electric field.This means neither can be at core, also can not produce the concentrated problem of no electric field at coil end regions or the transitional region between them.
The insulation and/or the mixture of nonisulated bundle conductor or the bundle conductor of transposition that are deposited in have together caused low eddy current loss.The outside diameter that this cable can have is the magnitude of 10-40mm, and the conductor area is 10-200mm
2Magnitude.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the transformer that has variable transmission is set at the high-pressure side of inverter.
Other advantage of the present invention and feature will following description and independent claims suffered solve clearer.
Brief description of drawings
With reference to the accompanying drawings, to embodiment of the present invention example that is used as for a more detailed description.
Fig. 1 is the axial end portion schematic diagram of the stator sections in the generator of wind power plant of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the part cutaway side views of the cable that uses in Fig. 1 stator coil.
Fig. 3 is the cut-away section schematic diagram of the wind-driven generator of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of wind power plant of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the embodiment perspective diagram with transformer of variable transformation.
Detailed description of preferred embodiments
At first explain the design of the preferred power generator 1 of embodiment of the present invention with reference to figure 1-3.Fig. 1 represents to pass the signal end view of stator 2 sectors.The rotor of generator is expressed as 3.Stator 2 is formed in a conventional manner by foliated core.Fig. 1 represents the sector of generator corresponding to pole span.From the yoke of core partly, be positioned at radially farthest, a plurality of teeth 5 extend radially inwardly towards rotor 3, and these teeth by groove 6 separately wherein are provided with stator coil.The cable 7 that forms this stator coil is high-tension cables, and it and distribution are employed to be essentially identical type, i.e. PEX cable (PEX=crosslinked polyethylene).Its difference is usually to be omitted round the exterior mechanical protection PVC layer and the metallic shield of this distribution cable, like this, is used for that cable of the present invention includes only electric conductor and at least one semiconductor layers of insulating barrier both sides.In Fig. 1, schematically show cable 7, wherein only shown the central current-carrying part of each cable section or coil sides.Each groove 6 has variable cross section as can be seen, and has wide part 8 and narrow part 9 alternately.Wide part 8 is circular substantially, and round cable, the waist between the wide part forms this narrow part 9.This waist is used for the position of each cable radially fixing.The cross-section radial of groove 6 inwardly narrows down.This be because cable more near stator 1 radially during inside part the voltage in the cable section low more.Therefore can use thinner cable in the inboard, and thicker cable is to use than the outside.In an illustrated embodiment, use and to have three different sizes and to be arranged on cable in three corresponding size parts 10,11,12 of groove 6.The coil 13 that is used for auxiliary power is set at the outermost of groove 6.
Fig. 2 represents to be used for the segmentation cutaway side views of the high-tension cable of generator.High-tension cable 7 comprises one or more electric conductors 14, and each electric conductor comprises stranded conductor bundle 15, and they form circular cross-section jointly.Conductor can for example be a copper.These conductors 14 are arranged on the middle part of high-tension cable, and in the embodiment illustrated, each conductor is surrounded by minor insulation body 16.But can omit minor insulation body 16 on the electric conductor 14 therein.In the embodiment illustrated, conductor 14 is surrounded by first semiconductor layer 17.Around this first semiconductor layer 17 is the insulating barrier 18 of for example PEX insulator, surrounds second semiconductor layer 19 on it.Therefore in this was used, the notion of " high-tension cable " needn't comprise any metallic shield or any outer protection layer that centers on distribution cable usually.
Wind power station in Fig. 3 has the magnetic circuit with reference to figure 1 and type that Fig. 2 describes.Generator 1 is driven by means of axle 21 by wind turbine 20.Although generator 1 can directly be driven by wind turbine 20, i.e. the axle rotation coupling of the rotor of generator and turbine 20 is fixing, between turbine 20 and generator 1 geared system 22 can be arranged.For example can constitute, its objective is with respect to the rotary speed of turbine and change the rotary speed of generator by the single-stage planetary gear.The stator 2 of generator has stator coil 23, and this coil is by cable 7 coileds.The cable 24 of band sheath can be extracted and enter to this cable 7 out via cable joint 25.
Fig. 4 summarizes with the form of signal to have shown wind power plant, has wherein shown the wind power station 26 of two parallel connections, and there is a generator 1 in each power station.Certainly the quantity of wind power station can be greater than 2.Comprise rectifier 27 in each wind power station 26 in addition.The parallel connection of wind power station is to carry out at the some place shown in 28.
Have direct voltage to connect between rectifier 27 that is arranged on 26 places, wind power station and inverter 30, the alternating voltage side of inverter is connected to transmission or power distribution network.Inverter 30 is arranged on the grid side of power plant.This means that generally inverter is positioned at the land of close relatively transmission or power distribution network 31.But the wind power station 26 that comprises generator and rectifier 27 is arranged on the suitable ground in ocean.Direct voltage connects 29 and comprises the part shown in 32 among Fig. 4, and this part is actually very long.Along this part be connecting portion 33, it is a key factor aspect loss.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, this connecting portion 33 should be formed by submerged cable, promptly is used for wind power station 26 and is positioned at outside the ocean or the situation of lake water.But connecting portion 33 also can be formed by one or more aerial condutors or cable.
This power plant comprises DC-DC converter, and it has low-pressure side that is electrically connected with rectifier 27 and the high-pressure side that is electrically connected with inverter 30.This DC-DC converter is arranged on the wind power station side of power plant.In other words, this means that connecting portion 33 previously discussed is between DC-DC converter 34 and inverter 30.In fact, transducer 34 should be placed on the ground of one of them wind power station of carrying, perhaps is placed on the ground of these transducer 34 special uses.Irrelevant with the ground base type of placing transducer 34, the ground of being discussed also is provided with busbar, with the parallel connection of existing wind power station.
The set-up mode of transducer 34 makes it can be operating as the direct voltage booster, and promptly the direct voltage in the connecting portion 33 between transducer 34 and inverter 30 can become higher through transducer, and the suitable voltage that is significantly higher than transducer 34 input sides.
Preferably, inverter 30 is that the voltage rigidity is from exchanging inverter.Electric capacity 35 is in parallel on the direct current of inverter 30 connects.
Inverter 30 is suitable has electrical network inductor 36, and it is in series in its grid side and each.Preferably inverter comprises the IGBT of series connection.
According to preferred embodiment, generator is the synchronous generator with permanent magnet rotor.
Advantageously, rectifier 27 is passive rectifier.The needs of the active electric power control electronic equipment outside the ocean have been avoided like this.As passive rectifier, diode rectifier is preferred.These diode rectifiers 27 are connected with the local dc voltage changer 37 that promotes.In preferred embodiments, each independent transducer 37 comprises the IGBT valve 39 and the diode in series 40 of choke, series connection.Transducer 34 can similar this lifting dc voltage changer and is formed.
Shown transformer among Fig. 5 with variable transmission according to the preferred embodiment of the invention.Utilize the advantage of this transformer to be that its coil is provided with solid insulator, the similar earlier in respect of figures 1 of its mode and 2 pairs of descriptions that generator is done.Therefore this transformer coil forms accordingly, and has the insulation system that comprises at least two semiconductor layers 17,19, and each semiconductor layer constitutes iso-electric substantially surface, and solid insulator 18 is between these semiconductor layers.Therefore in transformer shown in Figure 5, coil also has the feature of flexible cable.Generally speaking, transformer mutually in, except that outside semiconductor layer 19, all features of relevant with the above-mentioned generator application coil cable according to Fig. 2 needn't be all along the length part of cable, so that these parts are by himself and ground connection.This advantage that has the transformer of solid insulation is to remain on remarkable improvement aspect the efficient of outer semiconductor layer inside substantially at electric field, and realized important advantage, promptly avoided the inflammable and ecological harmful grease that in traditional transformer, uses.
In Fig. 5, shown the transformer that is used for one of phase of being discussed with the form of basic circuit diagram.The person skilled in art can be appreciated that certainly, under the situation of heterogeneous embodiment, have iron core more than two magnetic core and relevant choke require all phase coils be placed on one identical in the heart.But can use the heart separately mutually to each at such transformer certainly.
Therefore shown in Fig. 5 by choke and two transformer cores that magnetic core constitutes that main coil 43 is provided with around one of them magnetic core, control coil 44 is provided with around another magnetic core.Main coil can be made of first coil or second coil.Therefore control coil 44 is used to change the transformation of transformer.Control coil 44 is with the form setting around the coil turn of drum 45, and this drum is round the magnetic core rotation of described heart portion.Drum 45 is driven by the unshowned motor that is fit to, and for example drives by means of band.Therefore control coil 44 plays the effect of variable coil.Coil turn on control coil drum 45 changes by the rotatable accumulator drum that is used for coil 44.Coil drum 46 also is motor-driven in the mode that is fit to.The end 47 of having represented control coil among Fig. 5 is a ground connection how.This end 47 is static, and conducts electricity by means of the sliding contact equipment of known type and be connected with control coil 44 on the drum 45.Have a coiler part 48 also to link to each other with accumulator drum 46, this coiler part is static, and tends to link to each other with the electric equipment of being discussed.For coiler part 48 and the control coil that is contained in the coil drum partly are electrically connected, be provided with corresponding sliding contact equipment.
From above description as can be seen, the transmission of transformer can change rapidly, and fades to desirable degree by the rotation of drum 45 and 46, thereby has the control coil number of turn of ideal quantity on drum 45.Precondition in this connection is that control coil 44 is to be formed by aforesaid flexible, high-voltage cable with solid insulation.
Certainly the invention is not restricted to above-mentioned embodiment.Therefore as long as essence spirit of the present invention exists, can change some details, and can realize by these those skilled in the art.The embodiment of the change of this details and equivalence comprises within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (27)
1. wind power plant, comprise at least one wind power station (26), this wind power station comprises wind turbine (20), generator (1) by this wind turbine and rectifier (27) driving, and in rectifier (27) that is arranged on the place, wind power station and the connection of the direct voltage between the inverter (30) (29), the alternating voltage side of inverter is connected to transmission or power distribution network (31), this inverter is arranged on the grid side of power plant, it is characterized in that this power plant comprises DC-DC converter (34), described transducer has low-pressure side that is electrically connected with rectifier (27) and the high-pressure side that is electrically connected with inverter (30), and this DC-DC converter (34) is arranged on the wind power station side of power plant.
2. equipment as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that inverter (30) is the inverter of exchange certainly of voltage rigidity.
3. as the power plant of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that electric capacity (35) connects upward in parallel at the direct current of inverter (30).
4. as each power plant of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that inverter (30) has the electrical network inductor (36) that is in series with each in its grid side.
5. the power plant of arbitrary claim as described above is characterized in that inverter (30) comprises the IGBT of series connection.
6. the power plant of arbitrary claim as described above is characterized in that generator (1) is the synchronous generator with permanent magnet rotor.
7. power plant as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that generator (1) is not had the wind turbine DC driven of drive gear units.
8. the power plant of arbitrary claim as described above is characterized in that rectifier (8) is the passive diode rectifier.
9. as the power plant of claim 7 or 8, the passive rectifier (27) that it is characterized in that promoting on the low-pressure side of dc voltage changer (37) and DC-DC converter (34) is connected.
10. power plant as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that promoting dc voltage changer (37) and comprises choke, the IGBT valve (39) of at least one series connection of having connected and at least one diode in series (40).
11. the power plant of arbitrary claim is characterized in that several wind power stations (26) are in parallel on the low-pressure side of DC-DC converter (34) as described above, wherein each power station comprises wind turbine (20), generator (1) and rectifier (27).
12. as claim 11 or as each power plant in claim 9 and 10, it is characterized in that each wind power station (26) comprises local lifting dc voltage changer (37).
13. the power plant of arbitrary claim as described above, wherein generator (1) comprises at least one coil (7), it is characterized in that this coil is provided with solid insulation (18).
14. power plant as claim 13, it is characterized in that this coil comprises an insulation system, described insulation system comprises at least two semiconductor layers (17,19), they each all form basic equipotential surface, this solid insulator (18) is between these semiconductor layers.
15., it is characterized in that at least one semiconductor layer (17,19) has and the essentially identical thermal coefficient of expansion of solid insulator (18) as the power plant of claim 14.
16., it is characterized in that this coil is formed by high-tension cable (7) as each power plant of claim 13-15.
17., it is characterized in that the most inboard (17) of semiconductor layer have and the essentially identical electromotive force of electric conductor (14) that is positioned at this side inside as each power plant of claim 14-16.
18., it is characterized in that the inboard (17) of semiconductor layer contacts with conductor (14) or its part conduction as the power plant of claim 17.
19., it is characterized in that the outside (19) of semiconductor layer is connected with the electromotive force of predetermined fixed as each power plant of claim 14-18.
20., it is characterized in that this fixing electromotive force is earth potential or relatively low electromotive force as the power plant of claim 19.
21. the power plant of arbitrary claim is characterized in that direct voltage connects (30) and comprises cable (33) or one or several aerial condutor or the cable that can be immersed in the water as described above.
22. the power plant of arbitrary claim as described above, the transformer (41) that it is characterized in that having variable transformation is set at the grid side of inverter (30).
23. power plant as claim 22, the transformer that it is characterized in that having variable transformation comprises at least one core (41) and around the control coil (44) of this core, and this transformer comprises that the variable part that is used for control coil transfers at least one memory unit (46) or from the parts of its transmission.
24., it is characterized in that control coil is set on the rotatable control coil drum (45) as the power plant of claim 23.
25., it is characterized in that memory unit (46) comprises rotatable accumulator drum as each equipment of claim 23-24.
26., it is characterized in that the coil (43,44) of transformer is formed by the flexible cable with solid insulator as each power plant of claim 22-25.
27. as the power plant of claim 26, it is characterized in that this insulator is included in the insulation system, this system also comprises at least two semiconductor layers except insulator, each layer forms iso-electric substantially surface, and solid insulator is between these semiconductor layers.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/SE1999/000943 WO2000074198A1 (en) | 1999-05-28 | 1999-05-28 | A wind power plant |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1352819A true CN1352819A (en) | 2002-06-05 |
Family
ID=20414866
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN99816680A Pending CN1352819A (en) | 1999-05-28 | 1999-05-28 | A wind power plant |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1198872A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2003501993A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1352819A (en) |
| AR (1) | AR024115A1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU759548B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9917306A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2375125A1 (en) |
| EE (1) | EE200100628A (en) |
| MX (1) | MXPA01011954A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO20015811L (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2221165C2 (en) |
| TR (1) | TR200103404T2 (en) |
| TW (1) | TW436581B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2000074198A1 (en) |
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| CN102269116A (en) * | 2011-08-19 | 2011-12-07 | 天津大学 | Multi-rotor wind power generation system employing direct-current power transmission |
| CN102340260A (en) * | 2010-07-21 | 2012-02-01 | 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 | Container data centre and power supply system thereof |
| CN101507099B (en) * | 2006-08-25 | 2012-07-04 | Abb研究有限公司 | A drive system for a tap changer |
| CN102869515A (en) * | 2010-03-11 | 2013-01-09 | 西门子公司 | Method and system for damping subsynchronous resonant oscillations in a power system using a wind turbine |
| CN105863964A (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2016-08-17 | 通用电气能源能量变换技术有限公司 | Wind turbine converter |
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-
1999
- 1999-05-28 RU RU2001131103/06A patent/RU2221165C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-05-28 CN CN99816680A patent/CN1352819A/en active Pending
- 1999-05-28 WO PCT/SE1999/000943 patent/WO2000074198A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-05-28 EP EP99933320A patent/EP1198872A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-05-28 JP JP2001500390A patent/JP2003501993A/en active Pending
- 1999-05-28 TR TR2001/03404T patent/TR200103404T2/en unknown
- 1999-05-28 AU AU49389/99A patent/AU759548B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1999-05-28 BR BR9917306-9A patent/BR9917306A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-05-28 EE EEP200100628A patent/EE200100628A/en unknown
- 1999-05-28 CA CA002375125A patent/CA2375125A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-05-28 MX MXPA01011954A patent/MXPA01011954A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2000
- 2000-05-26 AR ARP000102579A patent/AR024115A1/en unknown
- 2000-06-05 TW TW089110972A patent/TW436581B/en active
-
2001
- 2001-11-28 NO NO20015811A patent/NO20015811L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100395935C (en) * | 2005-12-20 | 2008-06-18 | 北京交通大学 | High-power wind power generation interconnection technology |
| CN101507099B (en) * | 2006-08-25 | 2012-07-04 | Abb研究有限公司 | A drive system for a tap changer |
| CN102869515A (en) * | 2010-03-11 | 2013-01-09 | 西门子公司 | Method and system for damping subsynchronous resonant oscillations in a power system using a wind turbine |
| CN102340260A (en) * | 2010-07-21 | 2012-02-01 | 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 | Container data centre and power supply system thereof |
| CN102269116A (en) * | 2011-08-19 | 2011-12-07 | 天津大学 | Multi-rotor wind power generation system employing direct-current power transmission |
| CN105863964A (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2016-08-17 | 通用电气能源能量变换技术有限公司 | Wind turbine converter |
| CN105863964B (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2019-09-27 | 通用电气能源能量变换技术有限公司 | Wind turbine converter |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2003501993A (en) | 2003-01-14 |
| NO20015811D0 (en) | 2001-11-28 |
| TW436581B (en) | 2001-05-28 |
| EP1198872A1 (en) | 2002-04-24 |
| EE200100628A (en) | 2003-02-17 |
| CA2375125A1 (en) | 2000-12-07 |
| BR9917306A (en) | 2002-02-19 |
| MXPA01011954A (en) | 2002-06-21 |
| TR200103404T2 (en) | 2002-05-21 |
| RU2221165C2 (en) | 2004-01-10 |
| AU759548B2 (en) | 2003-04-17 |
| AR024115A1 (en) | 2002-09-04 |
| AU4938999A (en) | 2000-12-18 |
| WO2000074198A1 (en) | 2000-12-07 |
| NO20015811L (en) | 2001-11-28 |
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