CN1340559A - 减少聚烯烃薄膜上灰尘沉积的方法 - Google Patents
减少聚烯烃薄膜上灰尘沉积的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1340559A CN1340559A CN01125872A CN01125872A CN1340559A CN 1340559 A CN1340559 A CN 1340559A CN 01125872 A CN01125872 A CN 01125872A CN 01125872 A CN01125872 A CN 01125872A CN 1340559 A CN1340559 A CN 1340559A
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- polyether ester
- butyl
- ester amides
- film
- composition
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Abstract
本发明提供一种减少聚烯烃薄膜上灰尘沉积的方法。本发明进一步的目的是将聚醚酯酰胺用于减少聚烯烃薄膜上的灰尘沉积,以及至少最外一层含有聚醚酯酰胺的多层聚烯烃复合薄膜。
Description
技术领域
本发明提供一种通过掺入聚醚酯酰胺或含有聚醚酯酰胺的组合物以减少聚烯烃薄膜上的灰尘沉积的方法。本发明进一步的目的是将基于聚醚酯酰胺的组合物用于减少聚烯烃薄膜上的灰尘沉积，以及至少最外一层含有聚醚酯酰胺的多层复合聚烯烃薄膜。
塑料薄膜上的灰尘沉积不仅是个审美的问题，而且是个卫生和安全问题。在食品包装和后来的储存中，细菌会随灰尘一起沉积，并引发严重的疾病。这在医疗和药用包装中也必须避免。
在包装电子元件时，灰尘会导致故障，从而使在产品使用过程中严重损坏。
在农业应用上，如用于透明聚烯烃薄膜搭成的温室时，其主要的问题之一就是灰尘沉积在该薄膜的内侧或外侧，并且粘在薄膜上并用水简单清洗是不易除去的。只要有少量的灰尘就能大大减少阳光的透过，使植物生长减缓。灰尘沉积对温室薄膜的透光的影响记载在例如，A.Jaffrin等人，Plasticulture第101期，33-34页中。
背景技术
已有过多次尝试，试图减少在包装用聚烯烃薄膜上的灰尘沉积，尤其是农用的，例如用于温室、农作物覆盖、饲料青储或包装捆扎。典型的抗静电剂如烷基胺乙氧基化物、聚乙二醇、脱水山梨糖醇单油酸酯或脱水山梨糖醇硬脂酸酯已被使用，但效果有限。
现已发现，在薄膜中混入聚醚酯酰胺或含有聚醚酯酰胺的组合物能显著减少灰尘沉积。薄膜基本保持基本透明。进一步的优点是，即使沉积少量灰尘也很容易用水洗掉，因为尘粒只是松散地附着在聚合物薄膜上。
在温室所用聚烯烃薄膜上沉积灰尘时，会发现藻类也随之而生。这是极其不希望的，因为它进一步减弱透过的光，并且还能导致植物疾病。
发明内容
本分明的一个目的是减少聚烯烃薄膜上灰尘沉积的方法，该方法包括在聚烯烃薄膜中加入聚醚酯酰胺或含聚醚酯酰胺的组合物。
下面例举若干可用以制造薄膜的聚烯烃的例子：
1. 单烯烃类或二烯烃类的聚合物，例如聚丙烯，聚异丁烯，聚1-丁烯，聚4-甲基1-戊烯，聚异戊二烯或聚丁二烯；以及环状烯烃的聚合物，例如环戊烯或降冰片烯；聚乙烯(可任选进行交联)，例如高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)，高密度和高分子量聚乙烯(HDPE-HMW)，高密度和超大分子量聚乙烯(HDPE-UHMW)，中等密度聚乙烯(MDPE)，低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)，直链低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)，(VLDPE)和(ULDPE)。
聚烯烃类，即前面段落例举的单烯烃类的聚合物，优选聚乙烯、聚丙烯，可以用不同方法制得，特别是用下列方法：
a)自由基聚合(通常在高压和高温下进行)。
b)使用通常含一种或多种元素周期表第IVb族、第Vb族、第VIb族或VIIIb族金属的催化剂的催化聚合。这些金属通常有一个或多个配体，典型的有氧化物、卤化物、醇化物、酯类、醚类、胺类、烷基、烯基和/或芳香基，它们可以是π-配位或σ-配位。这些金属配合物可以是游离态的，也可以固定在一些基质上，一般固定在活化的氯化镁、氯化钛(III)、氧化铝或氧化硅上。该催化剂在聚合介质中可以是可溶的或不溶的。该催化剂本身在聚合中可单独使用，或还要加活化剂，典型是烷基金属、氢化金属、卤化烷基金属、氧化烷基金属或环氧化烷基金属，所述金属为元素周期表中的第Ia族、第IIa族和/或第IIIa族元素。该活化剂可以进一步用酯、醚、胺或甲硅烷基醚基团很方便地改性。该催化剂体系常被称为Philips催化剂、Standard Oil Indiana催化剂、Ziegler(-Natta)催化剂、TNZ(DuPont)催化剂，金属茂或单相催化剂(SSC)。
2.1)中所述聚合物的混合物，例如聚丙烯与聚异丁烯的混合物、聚丙烯与聚乙烯的混合物(例如PP/HDPE，PP/LDPE)和不同种类的聚乙烯的混合物(例如LDPE/HDPE)。
3.单烯烃与二烯烃之间或它们与其它烯烃单体的共聚物，例如乙烯/丙烯共聚物，直链低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)及其与低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)的混合物、丙烯/1-丁烯共聚物，丙烯/异丁烯共聚物，乙烯/1-丁烯共聚物，乙烯/己烯共聚物，乙烯/甲基戊烯共聚物，乙烯/庚烯共聚物，乙烯/辛烯共聚物，丙烯/丁二烯共聚物，异丁烯/异戊二烯共聚物，乙烯/丙烯酸烷基酯共聚物，乙烯/甲基丙烯酸烷基酯共聚物，乙烯/乙酸乙烯脂共聚物和它们与一氧化碳的共聚物，或乙烯/丙烯酸共聚物和它们的盐(离子交联聚合物)，以及乙烯与丙烯和二烯烃如己二烯，二聚环戊二烯或亚乙基-降冰片烯的三元共聚物；以及上述共聚物与另一种的混合物，还有上述共聚物与1)中提到的聚合物的混合物，例如聚丙烯/乙烯-丙烯共聚物，LDPE/乙烯乙酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)，LDPE/乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物(EAA)，LLDPE/EVA，LLDPE/EAA，以及聚烯烃/一氧化碳等规或无规共聚物及其与其它聚合物，例如聚酰胺类的混合物。
优选的聚烯烃为聚乙烯(PE)，L-或LL-DPE，L-或LL-DPE/乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)或者L-或LL-DPE/乙烯-丙烯酸丁酯共聚物(EBA)。
聚烯薄膜的典型厚度为10-300微米，优选20-250微米，最优选25-220微米。
聚烯薄膜可以是单层或多层结构，多层结构通过复合多达20层，优选多达7层，最优选多达5层制得。
本发明的一个优选实施方案为3-5层的复合膜，其中至少外层含有聚醚酯酰胺或含聚醚酯酰胺的组合物。
更优选只有最外一层含有聚醚酯酰胺或含聚醚酯酰胺的组合物。
聚烯薄膜特别适用于农用(温室，农作物覆盖，包装捆扎，饲料青储用膜)，食品包装，电子元件包装，药物包装，卫生用薄膜和医疗器械包装。
在用于农用时，优选将该薄膜用于温室。该薄膜构成温室外层，使作物免受环境影响，或将该薄膜用于温室内覆盖、保护作物或作物的部分，使之不受来自内部的影响，例如人工灌溉、喷洒除草剂和/或杀虫剂的影响。
因此，其中的一个优选方法是将聚烯薄膜用作温室的外罩或保护膜。
这些薄膜可通过薄膜挤塑如吹塑薄膜挤塑，或通过平挤薄膜挤塑复合而成，或者它们也可以是层合的，并且它们可包括附在聚合物，例如聚酰胺(PA6或6，6或11或12或6/6，6共聚物，包括OPA)，聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET，包括OPET)，聚萘二甲酸乙二酯(PEN)，乙烯-乙烯醇(EvOH)，聚丙烯(包括OPP)，乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物和它们的盐，乙烯-甲基丙烯酸共聚物和它们的盐，或聚偏氯乙烯(PVCD)或铝箔上的层。该薄膜也可以涂刷上述聚合物，或硅氧烷基的涂层(e.g.SiOx)，或氧化铝，或用等离子体涂装的任何其它涂层，网状涂层，或电子束涂层。通过挤出涂装可以将该薄膜用作纸或纸板涂层。
聚醚酯酰胺为嵌段共聚物。嵌段共聚物特指这样的聚醚酯酰胺，其中聚醚段由分子量Mn为200-6000dalton的乙二醇单元构成，并且聚酰胺段由分子量为200-6000dalton的聚酰胺(x)或聚酰胺(x，y)构成，其中x和y是4-14的数。
合适的聚醚酯酰胺在，例如EP-A-613919中描述。
其它同样合适的聚醚酯酰胺和它们的合成在DE-OS-2523991中描述。
特别优选含聚醚酯酰胺的组合物。这样的组合物是公知的，例如记载在US5965206中。
这些组合物含有成纤维的或纤维状的有机聚合材料，如聚酰胺纤维与聚醚酯酰胺在一起，这些材料能嵌入聚烯烃薄膜，以至于使聚醚酯酰胺牢牢吸附在纤维上或溶解在纤维中，并与其一起在纤维不可溶的聚烯烃薄膜上形成网络。一部分聚醚酯酰胺有极性基团，它们能络合或溶解有机或无机质子酸的盐。
纤维的或成纤维的有机聚合材料必须这样选择，使之不溶于热塑的或弹性的底材，但又能形成连续纤维的网状结构。在这方面，聚酰胺纤维是最有用的。
适用的聚酰胺的典型例子有：
从二胺类和二羧酸类和/或从氨基羧酸类或相应的内酰胺衍生的聚酰胺和共聚多酰胺，例如聚酰胺4，聚酰胺6，聚酰胺6/6，6/10，6/9，6/12，4/6，12/12，聚酰胺11，聚酰胺12，来自间二甲苯二胺和己二酸的芳族聚酰胺；由六亚甲基-二胺和间苯二酸或/和对苯二酸，以及使用或不使用高弹体作改性剂合成的聚酰胺，例如聚-2，4，4-三甲基六亚甲基对苯二甲酸酰胺或聚-间-亚苯基间苯二甲酸酰胺。
如果使用已成纤维状的材料，那么可选用该材料的不同纤维厚度。纤维厚度通常以dtex(g/10000m)表示。一般，纤维厚度为0.5-500dtex，优选应用的纤维厚度为1-100dtex。
特别优选下面的盐LiClO4，LiCF3SO3，NaClO4，LiBF4，KBF4，NaCF3SO3，KClO4，KPF6，KCF3SO3，KC4F9SO3，Ca(ClO4)2，Ca(PF6)2，Mg(ClO4)2，Mg(CF3SO3)2，Zn(ClO4)2，Zn(PF6)2和Ca(CF3SO3)2。
由于聚酰胺纤维和聚醚酯酰胺都是高分子量的化合物，事实上它们不会有外渗的危险，因此它们的活性非常长久。
事实上，聚合物的各种稳定性，如热稳定性、耐光性和抗水解性在绝大多数情况下都不受影响。
一种最有用的组合物含有：
a)20-80份的纤维状聚酰胺
b)80-20份的聚醚酯酰胺，和
c)1-5份的NaClO4。组分a)、b)和c)的总共为100份。
优选的聚酰胺是聚酰胺6和聚酰胺12。
这样的组合物是市售的，例如Ciba Sepcialty Chemicals公司出售的名为IrgastatP的商品。
基于聚烯烃薄膜，聚醚酯酰胺或含聚醚酯酰胺的组合物的加入量优选为0.5-100重量％，更优选在2-20重量％，并最优选在5-15重量％。在使用复合膜时，按所并入的所有薄膜的重量计算该值。
该聚烯烃膜可含有其它添加剂，它们可能本来就存在于膜中，也可以与聚醚酯酰胺混合物一并加入，典型的其它添加剂有：
1.抗氧化剂
1.1.烷基化一元酚类，例如2，6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚、2-叔丁基-4，6-二甲基苯酚、2，6-二叔丁基-4-乙基苯酚、2，6-二叔丁基-4-正丁基苯酚、2，6-二叔丁基-4-异丁基苯酚、2，6-二环戊基-4-甲基苯酚、2-(α-甲基环己基)-4，6-二甲基苯酚、2，6-双十八烷基-4-甲基甲苯酚、2，4，6-三环己基苯酚、2，6-二叔丁基-4-甲氧基甲基苯酚，侧链为直链或支链的壬基苯酚类，例如2，6-二壬基-4-甲基苯酚、2，4-二甲基-6-(1’-甲基十一烷-1’-基)苯酚、2，4-二甲基-6-(1’-甲基十七烷-1’-基)苯酚、2，4-二甲基-6-(1’-甲基十三烷-1’-基)苯酚和它们的混合物。
1.2.烷基硫代甲基苯酚类，例如2，4-二辛基硫代甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚，2，4-二辛基硫代甲基-6-甲基苯酚、2，4-二辛基硫代甲基-6-乙基苯酚、2，6-双十二烷基硫代甲基-4-壬基苯酚。
1.3.氢醌类与烷基化氢醌类，例如2，6-二叔丁基-4-甲氧基苯酚，2，5-二叔丁基氢醌、2，5-二叔戊基氢醌、2，6-二苯基-4-十八烷氧基苯酚、2，6-二叔丁基氢醌、2，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯甲醚、3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯甲醚、3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟苯基硬脂酸酯、二(3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟苯基)己二酸酯。
1.4.生育酚类，例如a-生育酚、b-生育酚、g-生育酚、d-生育酚和它们的混合物(维生素E)。
1.5.羟基化硫代苯醚类，例如2，2’-硫代二(6-叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚)，2，2’-硫代二(4-辛基苯酚)，4，4’-硫代二(6-叔丁基-3-甲基苯酚)，4，4’-硫代二(6-叔丁基-2-甲基苯酚)，4，4’-硫二(3，6-二-仲戊基苯酚)，4，4’-二(2，6-二甲基-4-羟苯基)-二硫化物。
1.6.亚烷基二苯酚类，例如2，2’-亚甲基二(6-叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚)，2，2’-亚甲基二(6-叔丁基-4-乙基苯酚)，2，2’-亚甲基二[4-甲基-6-(α-甲基环己基)-苯酚]，2，2’-亚甲基二(4-甲基-6-环己基苯酚)，2，2’-亚甲基二(6-壬基-4甲基苯酚)，2，2’-亚甲基二(4，6-二叔丁基苯酚)，2，2’-亚乙基二(4，6-二叔丁基苯酚)，2，2’-亚乙基二(6-叔丁基-4-异丁基苯酚)，2，2’-亚甲基二[6-(α-甲苄基)-4-壬基苯酚]，2，2’-亚甲基二[6-(α，α-二甲苄基)-4-壬基苯酚]，4，4’-亚甲基二(2，6-二叔丁基苯酚)，4，4’-亚甲基二(6-叔丁基-2-甲基苯酚)，1，1-二(5-叔丁基-4-羟基-2-甲基苯基)丁烷，2，6-二(3-叔丁基-5-甲基-2-羟基苄基)-4-甲基苯酚，1，1，3-三(5-叔丁基-4-羟基-2-甲基苯基)丁烷，1，1-二(5-叔丁基-4-羟基-2-甲基苯基)-3-正十二烷基巯基丁烷，乙二醇二[3，3-二(3’-叔丁基-4’-羟苯基)丁酸酯]，二(3-叔丁基-4-羟基-5-甲基-苯基)二环戊二烯，二[2-(3’-叔丁基-2’-羟基-5’-甲苄基)-6叔丁基-4-甲基苯基]对苯二酸酯，1，1-二(3，5-二甲基-2-羟苯基)丁烷，2，2-二(3，5-二甲基-4-羟苯基)丙烷，2，2-二-(5-叔丁基-4-羟基-2-甲基苯基)-4-正十二烷基巯基丁烷，1，1，5，5-四(5-叔丁基-4-羟基-2-甲基苯基)戊烷。
1.7.O-，N-，和S-苄基化合物，例如3，5，3’，5’-四叔丁基-4，4’-二羟基二苄醚，4-羟基-3，5-二甲基苄基巯基乙酸十八烷酯，4-羟基-3，5-二叔丁基苄基巯基乙酸十三烷酯，三(3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)胺，二(4-叔丁基-3-羟基-2，6-二甲基苄基)二硫代对苯二酸酯，二(3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)硫化物，3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基巯基乙酸异辛酯。
1.8.羟基苄基化丙二酸酯类，例如双十八烷基-2，2-二(3，5-二叔丁基-2-羟基苄基)丙二酸酯，双十八烷基-2-(3-叔丁基-4-羟基-5-甲基苯基)丙二酸酯，双十二烷基巯基乙基-2，2-二(3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)丙二酸酯，二[4-(1，1，3，3-四甲基丁基)苯基]-2，2-二(3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)丙二酸酯。
1.9.芳族羟基苄基化合物，例如1，3，5-三(3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)-2，4，6-三甲基苯，1，4-二(3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)-2，3，5，6-四甲基苯，2，4，6-三(3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)苯酚。
1.10.三嗪化合物，例如2，4-二(辛基巯基)-6-(3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯胺基)-1，3，5-三嗪，2-辛基巯基-4，6-二(3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯胺基)-1，3，5-三嗪，2-辛基巯基-4，6-二(3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯氧基)-1，3，5-三嗪，2，4，6-三(3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯氧基)-1，2，3-三嗪，1，3，5-三(3，5-三叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)异氰尿酸酯，1，3，5-三(4-叔丁基-3-羟基-2，6-二甲基苄基)异氰尿酸酯，2，4，6-三(3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基乙基)-1，3，5-三嗪，1，3，5-三(3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基-苯丙酰)-六氢-1，3，5-三嗪，1，3，5-三(3，5-二环己基-4-羟基苄基)异氰尿酸酯。
1.11.膦酸苄酯，例如二甲基-2，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基膦酸酯，二乙基-3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基膦酸酯，双十八烃基-3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基膦酸酯，双十八烷基-5-叔丁基-4-羟基-3-甲基苄基膦酸酯，3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基膦酸单乙酯的钙盐。
1.12.酰氨基苯酚类，例如4-羟基月桂酰苯胺，4-羟基硬脂酰苯胺，辛基-N-(3.5-二叔丁基-4-羟苯基)氨基甲酸酯。
1.13.b-(3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟苯基)丙酸与单-或多-元醇形成的酯类，例如与甲醇，乙醇、正辛醇、异辛醇、十八醇、1，6-己二醇、1，9-壬二醇、乙二醇、1，2-丙二醇、新戊二醇、硫代二甘醇，二甘醇，三甘醇，季戊四醇，三(羟乙基)异氰脲酸酯、N，N’-二(羟乙基)草酰胺，3-硫代十一醇、3-硫代十五醇，三甲基己二醇、三羟甲基丙烷、4-羟基甲基-1-磷杂-2，6，7-三氧杂二环[2，2，2]辛烷。
1.14.b-(5-叔丁基-4-羟基-3-甲基苯基)丙酸与单-或多-元醇形成的酯类，例如与甲醇，乙醇、正辛醇、异辛醇、十八醇、1，6-己二醇、1，9-壬二醇、乙二醇、1，2-丙二醇、新戊二醇、硫代二甘醇，二甘醇，三甘醇，季戊四醇，三(羟乙基)异氰脲酸酯、N，N’-二(羟乙基)草酰胺，3-硫代十一醇、3-硫代十五醇，三甲基己二醇、三羟甲基丙烷、4-羟基甲基-1-磷杂-2，6，7-三氧杂二环[2，2，2]辛烷；3，9-二[2-{3-(3-叔丁基-4-羟-5-甲基苯基)丙酰氧基}-1，1-二甲基乙基]-2，4，8，10-四氧杂螺[5，5]-十一烷。
1.15.b-(3，5-二环己基-4-羟苯基)丙酸与单-或多-羟醇形成的酯类，例如与甲醇，乙醇、辛醇、十八醇、1，6-己二醇、1，9-壬二醇、乙二醇、1，2-丙二醇、新戊二醇、硫代二甘醇，二甘醇，三甘醇，季戊四醇，三(羟乙基)异氰脲酸酯、N，N’-二(羟乙基)草酰胺，3-硫代十一醇、3-硫代十五醇，三甲基己二醇、三羟甲基丙烷、4-羟基甲基-1-磷杂-2，6，7-三氧杂二环[2，2，2]辛烷。
1.16.3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟苯基乙酸与单-或多-羟醇形成的酯类，例如与甲醇，乙醇、辛醇、十八醇、1，6-己二醇、1，9-壬二醇、乙二醇、1，2-丙二醇、新戊二醇、硫代二甘醇，二甘醇，三甘醇，季戊四醇，三(羟乙基)异氰脲酸酯、N，N’-二(羟乙基)草酰胺，3-硫代十一醇、3-硫代十五醇，三甲基己二醇、三羟甲基丙烷、4-羟基甲基-1-磷杂-2，6，7-三氧杂二环[2，2，2]辛烷。
1.17.b-(3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟苯基)丙酸的酰胺类，例如N，N’-二(3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟苯基丙酰)六亚甲基二胺、N，N’-二(3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟苯基丙酰)三亚甲基二胺、N，N’-二(3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟苯基丙酰)酰肼、N，N’-二[2-(3-[3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟苯基]丙酰氧基]草酰胺(Uniroyal出品的NaugardXL-1)。
1.18.抗坏血酸(维生素C)。
1.19.甲酸抗氧化剂，例如N，N’-二异丙基-对苯二胺，N，N’-二仲丁基-对苯二胺，N，N’-二(1，4-二甲基苯基)一对苯二胺，N，N’-二(1-乙基-3甲基苯基)一对苯二胺，N，N’-二(1-甲基庚基)-对苯二胺，N，N’-二环己基-对苯二胺，N，N’-二苯基-对苯二胺，N，N’-二(2-萘基)-对苯基二胺，N-异丙基-N’-苯基-对苯二胺，N-(1，3-二甲基丁基)-N’-苯基-对苯二胺，N-(1-甲基庚基)-N’-苯基-对苯二胺，N-环己基-N’-苯基-对苯二胺，4-(对甲苯氨磺酰)二苯胺，N，N’-二甲基-N，N’-二仲丁基-对苯二胺，二苯胺，N-烯丙基二苯胺，4-异丙氧基二苯胺，N-苯基-1-萘胺，N-(4-叔辛基苯基)-1-萘胺，N-苯基-2-萘胺；辛烷基化二苯胺，例如对，对’-二叔辛基二苯胺，4-正丁基氨基苯酚，4-丁酰氨基苯酚，4-壬酰氨基苯酚，4-十二酰氨基苯酚，4-十八酰氨基苯酚，二(4-甲氧基苯基)胺，2，6-二叔丁基-4-二甲氨基甲基苯酚，2，4’-二氨基二苯基甲烷，4，4’-二氨基二苯基甲烷，N，N，N’，N’-四甲基-4，4’-二氨二苯基甲烷，1，2-二[(2-甲基苯基)氨基]乙烷，1，2-二(苯氨基)丙烷，(正-甲苯基)双胍，二[4-(1’，3’-二甲基丁基)苯基]胺；叔辛烷基化N-苯基-1-萘胺；单-和双烷基化叔丁基/叔辛基二苯胺类的混合物；单-和双烷基化壬基二苯胺类的混合物；单-和双烷基化十二烷基二苯胺类的混合物；单-和双烷基化异丙基/异己基二苯胺类的混合物；单-和双烷基化叔丁基二苯胺类的混合物；2，3-二氢-3，3-二甲基-4H-1，4-苯并噻嗪，吩噻嗪；单-和双烷基化叔丁基/叔辛基吩噻嗪类的混合物；单和双烷基化叔辛基吩噻嗪类的混合物；N-烯丙基吩噻嗪，N，N，N’，N’-四苯基-1，4-二氨基丁-2-烯，N，N-二(2，2，6，6-四甲基哌啶-4-基)六亚甲基二胺，二(2，2，6，6-四甲基哌啶-4-基)癸二酸酯，2，2，6，6-四甲基哌啶-4-酮，2，2，6，6-四甲基哌啶-4-醇。
2.UV吸收剂和光稳定剂
2.1.2-(2’-羟苯基)苯并三唑类，例如2-(2’羟基-5’-甲基苯基)苯并三唑，2-(3’，5’-二叔丁基-2’-羟苯基)苯并三唑，2-(5’-叔丁基-2’-羟苯基)苯并三唑，2-(2’-羟基-5’-(1，1，3，3-四甲基丁基)苯基)苯并三唑，2-(3’，5’-二叔丁基-2’-羟苯基)-5-氯苯并三唑，2-(3’-叔丁基-2’-羟基-5’-甲基苯基)-5-氯苯并三唑，2-(3’-仲丁基-5’-叔丁基-2’-羟基苯基)苯并三唑，2-(2’-羟基-4’-辛氧基苯基)苯并三唑，2-(3’，5’-二叔戊基-2’-羟苯基)苯并三唑，2-(3’，5’-二(α，α-二甲基苯基)-2’-羟苯基)苯并三唑，2-(3’-叔丁基-2’-羟基-5’-(2-辛氧基羰基乙基)苯基)-5-氯苯并三唑，2-(3’-叔丁基-2’-羟基-5’-[2-(2-乙基己氧基)羰基乙基]2’-羟基苯基)-5-氯苯并三唑，2-(3’-叔丁基-2’-羟基-5’-(2-甲氧羰基乙基)苯基)-5-氧苯并三唑，2-(3’-叔丁基-2’-羟基-5’-(2-甲氧羰基乙基)苯基)苯并三唑，2-(3’-叔丁基-2’-羟基-5’-(2-辛氧羰基乙基)苯基)苯并三唑，2-(3’-叔丁基-5’-[2-(2-乙基己氧基)羰基乙基]-2’-羟苯基)苯并三唑，2-(3’-十二烷基-2’-羟基-5’-甲基苯基)苯并三唑，2-(3’-叔丁基-2’-羟基-5’-(2-异辛氧基羰基乙基)苯基)苯并三唑，2，2’-亚甲基二[4-(1，1，3，3-四甲基丁基)-6-苯并三唑-2-基苯酚]；2-[3’-叔丁基-5’-(2-甲氧羰基乙基)-2’-羟苯基]-2H-苯并三唑与聚乙二醇300的酯基转移产物：
其中R=3’-叔丁基-4’-羟基-5’-2H-苯并三唑-2-基苯基，2-[2’-羟基-3’-(α，α-二甲基苄基)-5’-(1，1，3，3-四甲基丁基)苯基]苯并三唑；2-[2’-羟基-3’-(1，1，3，3-四甲基丁基)-5’-(α，α-二甲基苄基)苯基]苯并三唑。
2.2. 2-羟基二苯酮类，例如4-羟基，4-甲氧基，4-辛氧基，4-癸氧基，4-十二烷氧基，4-苄氧基，4，2’，4’-三羟基和2’-羟基-4，4’-二甲氧基衍生物。
2.3.取代或未取代苯甲酸的酯类，例如4-叔丁基苯基水杨酸酯，水扬酸苯酯，水杨酸辛基苯酯，二苯甲酰间苯二酚，二(4-叔丁基苯甲酰)间苯二酚，苯甲酰间苯二酚，3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯甲酸2，4-二叔丁基苯酯，3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯甲酸十六烷酯，3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯甲酸十八烷酯，3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯甲酸2-甲基-4，6-二叔丁基苯酯。
2.4. 丙烯酸酯类，例如α-氰基-β，β-二苯基丙烯酸乙酯，α-氰基-β，β-二苯基丙烯酸异辛酯，α-氰甲氧基肉桂酸甲酯，α-氰基-β-甲基-对甲氧基肉桂酸甲酯，α-氰基-β-甲基-对甲氧基肉桂酸丁酯，α-甲酯基-对甲氧基肉桂酸甲酯和N-(b-甲酯基-b-氰基乙烯基)-2-甲基二氢吲哚。
2.5.镍的化合物，例如镍与2，2’-硫代二[4-(1，1，3，3-四甲基丁基)苯酚]的配合物，如1∶1或1∶2配合物，可以有也可以没有其它配体，如正丁胺，三乙醇胺或N-环己基二乙醇胺；镍与二丁基二硫代氨基甲酸的配合物；单烷基酯，例如4-羟基-3，5-二叔丁基苄基膦酸甲酯或乙酯的镍盐；镍与酮肟类，例如2-羟基-4-甲基苯基十一烷基酮肟的配合物；镍与1-苯基-4-月桂酰-5-羟基吡唑的配合物，可以有也可以没有其它配体。
2.6.有空间位阻的胺类，例如二(2，2，6，6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)癸二酸酯，二(2，2，6，6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)琥珀酸酯，二(1，2，2，6，6-五甲基-4-哌啶基)癸二酸酯，二(1-辛氧基-2，2，6，6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)癸二酸酯，二(1，2，2，6，6-五甲基-4-哌啶基)正丁基-3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基丙二酸酯，1-(2-羟乙基)-2，2，6，6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶与琥珀酸的缩合物，N，N′-二(2，2，6，6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)六亚甲基二胺与4-叔辛基氨基-2，6-二氯-1，3，5-三嗪的直链或环形缩合物，三(2，2，6，6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)次氮三乙酸酯，四(2，2，6，6-四甲基-4-哌啶)-1，2，3，4-丁烷四羧酸酯，1，1’-(1，2-亚乙基)-二(3，3，5，5-四甲基哌嗪酮)，4-苯甲酰-2，2，6，6-四甲基哌啶，4-硬脂酰-2，2，6，6-四甲基哌啶，二(1，2，2，6，6-五甲基哌啶基)-2-正丁基-2-(2-羟基-3，5-二叔丁基苄基)丙二酸酯，3-正辛基-7，7，9，9-四甲基-1，3，8-三氮杂螺[4，5]癸烷-2，4-二酮，二(1-辛氧基-2，2，6，6-四甲基哌啶基)癸二酸酯，二(1-辛氧基-2，2，6，6-四甲基哌啶基)琥珀酸酯，N，N’-二(2，2，6，6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)六亚甲基二胺和4-吗啉代-2，6-二氯-1，3，5-三嗪的直链或环形缩合物，2-氯-4，6-二(4-正丁基氨基-2，2，6，6-四甲基哌啶基)-1，3，5-三嗪与1，2-二(3-氨基丙基氨基)乙烷的缩合物，2-氯-4，6-二(4-正丁基氨基-1，2，2，6，6-五甲基哌啶基)-1，3，5-三嗪与1，2-二(3-氨基丙基氨基)乙烷的缩合物，8-乙酰基-3-十二烷基-7，7，9，9-四甲基-1，3，8-三氮杂螺[4，5]癸烷-2，4-二酮，3-十二烷基-1-(2，2，6，6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)吡咯烷-2，5-二酮，3-十二烷基-1-(1，2，2，6，6-五甲基-4-哌啶基-吡咯烷-2，5-二酮，4-十六烷氧基-和4-硬脂酰氧基-2，2，6，6-四甲基吡啶的混合物，N，N′-二(2，2，6，6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)六亚甲基二胺与4-环己基氨基-2，6-二氯-1，3，5-三嗪的缩合物，1，2-二(3-氨基丙氨基)乙烷与2，4，6-三氯-1，3，5-三嗪以及4-丁基氨基-2，2，6，6-四甲基哌啶的缩合物(CAS注册号NO.[136504-96-6])；1，6-六亚甲基二胺与2，4，6三氯-1，3，5-三嗪以及N，N-二丁胺和4-丁基氨基-2，2，6，6-四甲基哌啶的缩合物(CAS注册号NO[192268-64-7])，N-(2，2，6，6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)-正十二烷基琥珀酰亚胺，N-(1，2，2，6，6-五甲基-4-哌啶基)-正十二烷琥珀酰亚胺，2-十一烷基-7，7，9，9-四甲基-1-氧杂-3，8-二氮杂-4-氧代-螺[4，5]癸烷，7，7，9，9-四甲基-2-环十一烷基-1-氧杂-3，8-二氮杂-4-氧代螺[4，5]癸烷和表氯醇的反应产物，1，1-二(1，2，2，6，6-五甲基-4-哌啶氧基羰基)-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)乙烯，N，N’-二甲酰-N，N’-二(2，2，6，6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)六亚甲基二胺，4-甲氧基亚甲基丙二酸和1，2，2，6，6-五甲基-4-羟基哌啶的双酯，聚[甲基丙基-3-氧-4-(2，2，6，6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)]硅氧烷，马来酸酐-α-烯烃聚合物与2，2，6，6-四甲基-4-氨基哌啶或1，2，2，6，6-五甲基-4-氨基哌啶的反应产物。
2.7.草酰胺类，例如4，4’-二辛氧基N，N’-草酰二苯胺，2，2’-二乙氧基N，N’-草酰二苯胺，2，2’-二辛氧基-5，5’-二叔丁基N，N’-草酰二苯胺，2-乙氧基-2’-乙基N，N’-草酰二苯胺，N，N’-二(3-二甲基氨基丙基)草酰胺，2-乙氧基-5-叔丁基-2’-乙基N，N’-草酰二苯胺和它与2-乙氧基-2’-乙基-5，4’-二叔丁基N，N’-草酰二苯胺的混合物，邻位-和对位-甲氧基-二取代的N，N’-草酰二苯胺的混合物。
2.8.2-(2-羟基苯基)-1，3，5-三嗪类，例如2，4，6-三(2-羟基-4-辛氧基苯基)-1，3，5-三嗪，2-(2-羟基-4-辛氧基苯基)-4，6-二(2，4-二甲基苯基)-1，3，5-三嗪，2-(2，4-二羟苯基)-4，6-二(2，4-二甲基苯基)-1，3，5-三嗪，2，4-二(2-羟基-4-丙氧基苯基)-6-(2，4-二甲基苯基)-1，3，5-三嗪，2-(2-羟基-4-辛氧基苯基)-4，6-二(4-甲基苯基)-1，3，5-三嗪，2-(2-羟基-4-十二烷氧基苯基)-4，6-二(2，4-二甲基苯基)-1，3，5-三嗪，2-(2-羟基-4-十三烷氧基苯基)-4，6-二(2，4-二甲基苯基)-1，3，5-三嗪，2-[2-羟基-4-(2-羟基-3-丁氧基丙氧基)苯基]-4，6-二(2，4-二甲基)]-1，3，5-三嗪，2-[2-羟基-4-(2-羟基-3-辛氧基丙氧基)苯基]-4，6-二(2，4-二甲基)-1，3，5-三嗪，2-[4-(十二烷氧基/十三烷氧基-2-羟基丙氧基)-2-羟基苯基]-4，6-二(2，4-二甲基苯基)-1，3，5-三嗪，2-[2-羟基-4-(2-羟基-3-十二烷氧基丙氧基)苯基]-4，6-二(2，4-二甲基苯基)-1，3，5-三嗪，2-(2-羟基-4-己氧基)苯基-4，6-二苯基-1，3，5-三嗪，2-(2-羟基-4-甲氧基苯基)-4，6-二苯基-1，3，5-三嗪，2，4，6-三[2-羟基-4-(3-丁氧基-2羟基丙氧基)苯基]-1，3，5-三嗪，2-(2-羟基苯基)-4-(4-甲氧苯基)-6-苯基-1，3，5-三嗪，2-{2-羟基-4-[3-(2-乙基己基-1-氧)-2-羟基丙氧基]苯基}-4，6-二(2，4-二甲基苯基)-1，3，5-三嗪。
3.金属减活化剂，例如N，N’-二苯基草酰亚胺，N-水杨醛-N’-水杨酰肼，N，N’-二(水杨酰)肼，N，N’-二(3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟苯基丙酰)肼，3-水杨酰氨基-1，2，4-三唑，二(亚苄基)草酰二肼，N，N’-草酰二苯胺，间苯二酰二肼，癸二酰二苯肼，N，N’-二乙酰基己二酰二肼，N，N’-二(水杨酰)草酰二肼，N，N’-二(水杨酰)硫代丙酰二肼。
4.亚磷酸酯类和亚膦酸酯类，例如亚磷酸三苯酯，亚磷酸二苯基烷基酯，亚磷酸苯基二烷基酯，亚磷酸三(壬基苯基)酯，亚磷酸三月桂基酯，亚磷酸三(十八烷基)酯，二硬脂酰季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯，三(2，4-二叔丁基苯基)亚磷酸酯，二异癸基季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯，二(2，4-叔丁基苯基)季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯，二(2，4-二枯基苯基)季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯，二(2，6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯基)季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯，二异癸氧基季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯，二(2，4-二叔丁基-6-甲基苯基)季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯，二(2，4，6-三(叔丁基苯基))季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯，三硬脂酰山梨醇三亚磷酸酯，四(2，4-二叔丁基苯基)-4，4’-二亚苯基二亚膦酸酯，6-异辛氧基-2，4，8，10-四叔丁基-12H-二苯基[d，g]-1，3，2-二氧杂phosphocin，二(2，4-二叔丁基-6甲基苯基)甲基亚磷酸酯，二(2，4-二叔丁基-6-甲苯基)乙基亚磷酸酯，6-氟-2，4，8，10-四叔丁基-12-甲基-二苯基[d，g]-1，3，2-二氧杂phosphocin，2，2’，2”-次氮基[三乙基三(3，3’，5，5’-四叔丁基-1，1’-二苯基-2，2’-二基)亚磷酸酯]，2-乙基己基(3，3’，5，5’-四叔丁基-1，1’-二苯基-2，2’-二基)亚磷酸酯，5-丁基-5-乙基-2(2，4，6-三叔丁基苯氧基)-1，3，2-二氧杂phosphirane。
特别优选下列亚磷酸酯：
三(2，4-二叔丁基苯基)亚磷酸酯，(Ciba-Geigy出品的Irgafos168)，三(壬基苯基)亚磷酸酯，
5. 羟胺类，例如N，N-二苄基羟胺，N，N-二乙基羟胺，N，N-二辛基羟胺，N，N-二月桂基羟胺，N，N-二(十四烷基)羟胺，N，N-二(十六烷基)羟胺，N，N-二(十八烷基)羟胺，N-十六烷基-N-十八烷基羟胺，N-十七烷基-N-十八烷基羟胺，由氢化牛油脂肪胺衍生的N，N-二烷基羟胺。
6.硝酮类，例如N-苄基-α-苯基硝酮，N-乙基-α-甲基硝酮，N-辛基-α-庚基硝酮，N-月桂基-α-十一烷基酮，N-十四烷基-α-十三烷基硝酮，N-十六烷基-α-十五烷基硝酮，N-十八烷基-α-十七烷基得酮，N-十六烷基-α-十七烷基硝酮，N-十八烷基-α-十五烷基硝酮，N-十七烷基-α-十七烷基硝酮，N-十八烷基-α-十六烷基硝酮，由氢化牛油脂肪胺衍生的N，N-二烷基羟胺所衍生的硝酮。
7.硫代增效剂，例如硫代二丙酸二月桂酯或硫代二丙酸二硬脂基酯。
8.过氧化物清除剂，例如b-硫代丙酸的酯类，例如月桂酯，硬脂基酯，肉豆蔻基酯或十三烷基酯，巯基苯并咪唑或2-巯基苯并咪唑锌盐，二丁基二硫代氨基甲酸锌，二(十八烷基)二硫化物，季戊醇四(b-十二烷基巯基)丙酸酯。
9.聚酰胺稳定剂，例如与碘化物和/或磷化合物和二价锰盐结合的铜盐。
10.碱性共稳定剂，例如蜜胺，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮，双氰胺，氰脲酸三烯丙酯，脲衍生物，肼衍生物，胺衍生物，胺类，聚酰胺类，聚氨基甲酸酯，高级脂肪酸的碱金属盐和碱土金属盐，如硬脂酸钙，硬脂酸锌，二十二烷基酸锌，硬脂酸镁，蓖麻酸钠和棕榈酸钾，邻苯二酚锑或邻苯二酚锌。
11.成核剂，例如无机物，如滑石；金属氧化物如二氧化钛、氧化镁；优选的碱土金属磷酸盐、碳酸盐和硫酸盐；有机化合物，如单-或多羧酸和它们的盐，例如4-叔丁基苯甲酸，己二酸，二苯基乙酸，琥珀酸钠或苯甲酸钠；聚合化合物，如离子聚合物(即离聚物)。特别优选的是1，3：2，4-二(3’，4’-二甲基亚苄基)山梨醇，1，3：2，4-二(对甲基-二亚苄基)山梨醇和1，3：2，4-二(亚苄基)山梨醇。
12.填料，热填料和增强填料，例如碳酸钙，硅酸盐，玻璃纤维，玻璃珠，石棉，滑石，高岭土，云母，硫酸钡，金属氧化物和氢氧化物，碳黑，石墨，木粉，其它天然产物、合成纤维的粉或纤维。
13.其它添加剂，例如增塑剂，润滑剂，乳化剂，颜料，流变添加剂，催化剂，流控剂，荧光增白剂，耐火剂，抗静电剂，氧清除剂，热填充剂和起泡剂。
14.苯并呋喃酮和二氢吲哚酮，例如U.S.4325863；U.S.4338244；U.S.5175312；U.S.5216052；U.S.5252643；DE-A-4316611；DE-A-4316622；DE-A-4316876；EP-A-0589839或EP-A-0591102中所描述的那些或3-[4-(2-乙酰氧基乙氧基)苯基]-5，7-二叔丁基苯并呋喃-2-酮，5，7-二叔丁基-3-[4-(2-硬脂酰氧乙氧基)苯基]苯并呋喃-2-酮，3，3’-二[5，7-叔丁基-3-[4-[2-羟基乙氧基]苯基)苯并呋喃-2-酮]，5，7-二叔丁基-3-(4-乙氧基苯基)苯并呋喃-2-酮，3-(4-乙酰氧基-3，5-二甲基苯基)-5，7-二叔丁基苯并呋喃-2-酮，3-(3，5-二甲基-4-新戊酰氧基苯基)-5，7-二叔丁基苯并呋喃-2-酮，3-(3，4-二甲苯基)-5，7-二叔丁基苯并呋喃-2-酮，3-(3，4-二甲基苯基)-5，7-二叔丁基苯并呋喃-2-酮，3-(2，3-二甲基苯基)-5，7-二叔丁基苯并呋喃-2-酮。
具体实施方式
因此，一个优选的方法是在聚烯烃膜中另外含有UV吸收剂和/或选自有空间位阻的胺类的光稳定剂。UV吸收剂和有空间位阻的胺类的例子已在上文给出。
特别优选的有空间位阻的胺类为US6117995制备的那些。
如果添加额外的抗静电剂，则优选US6140405中描述的Li-三氯甲烷亚磺基亚胺盐。
制备聚烯烃薄膜以本身已知的方式进行，将所述组分，如果需要，还可加入其它添加剂，用本身已知的设备如压延机，搅拌机，捏和机，挤压机等等混合。这些添加剂可以单独加入也可彼此混合后加入。也可以用所谓的母炼胶。
本发明的聚烯烃薄膜可用已知方式制成所希望的形状。这样的工艺包括，例如吹塑薄膜挤塑和平挤薄膜挤塑。
本发明的另一个目的是应用聚醚酯酰胺或合聚酸酯酰胺的组合物，以减少聚烯薄膜上的灰尘沉积。
更优选应用一种聚醚酯酰胺组合物，该组合物包括：
a)20-80份纤维状聚酰胺
b)80-20份聚醚酯酰胺和
c)1-5份NaClO4；其中组分a)、b)和c)总量为100份，用以减少聚烯薄膜上的灰尘沉积。
特别优选的是应用聚醚酯酰胺或含聚酸酯酰胺的组合物，以减少温室用和包装用聚烯薄膜上的灰尘沉积。
特别优选的是应用聚醚酯酰胺或含聚酸酯酰胺的组合物，以减少温室用透明聚烯薄膜上的灰尘沉积。
最优选的是应用聚醚酯酰胺或含聚酸酯酰胺的组合物，其中聚烯薄膜为三层的复合薄膜，并且至少最外一层含有聚醚酯酰胺或含聚酸酯酰胺的组合物。
用下列实施例举例说明本发明。
薄膜组合物：最外一层含有添加剂的三层的复合薄膜。
组合物#1：
外层(50μm)：LDPE(Riblene FF29)
中层(100μm)：EVA(VA14％-Greenflex FF45)
内层(50μm)：EVA(VA5％-Greenflex FD20)
组合物#2：
外层(50μm)：EVA(VA5％-Greenflex FD20)
中层(100μm)：EVA(VA14％-Greenflex FF45)
内层(50μm)：EVA(VA5％-Greenflex FD20)
配方
表1
| 样品 | 薄膜组合物 | AS(外层中) | LS(各层中) |
| 1 | 1 | 无 | 0.7％Tinuvin 492 |
| 2 | 1 | 15％Irgastat P18 | 0.7％Tinuvin 492 |
| 3 | 1 | 无 | 0.7％化合物A |
| 4 | 1 | 15％Irgastat P18 | 0.7％化合物A |
| 5 | 1 | 15％Pebax MV 1074 | 0.7％Tinuvin 492 |
| 6 | 1 | 15％Pebax MV 1074 | 0.7％化合物A |
| 7 | 2 | 无 | 0.7％Tinuvin 492 |
| 8 | 2 | 15％Irgastat P18 | 0.7％Tinuvin 492 |
| 9 | 2 | 无 | 0.7％化合物A |
| 10 | 2 | 15％Irgastat P18 | 0.7％化合物A |
| 11 | 2 | 15％Pebax MV 1074 | 0.7％Tinuvin 492 |
| 12 | 2 | 15％Pebax MV 1074 | 0.7％化合物A |
实验步骤：
样品为从薄膜上切的直径约10cm的圆块。将该样品放在形状像Petri盘的金属容器中，带添加剂的那一层朝上，该容器中央有一个与样品同样大小的圆孔。在该样品上放一块与其相同直径大小的圆形Teflon块；在Teflon块中央有一个截锥面的孔，使孔的顶侧较大而底侧较小，其直径约为4cm，相当于浊度计积分球入口的大小。Teflon块底面有一个直径比金属件孔径略小的O-形环，该O-形环确保薄膜与Teflon块间粘结牢固，并防止粉未从圆环所圈区域散出来。将该膜在Teflon块与样品接触的地方圆周作标记。
称重的的粉未(2.5克)放在金属部件、Teflon块和薄膜构成的系统上，靠截锥面玻璃接头的帮助，Teflon块和薄膜之间有一个靠在Teflon块顶侧的平底部件。去掉玻璃接头后，在系统上部固定第二块金属片封住系统，该金属片形状与前者金属片相同但无孔。为在膜上形成均匀粉末层，保持水平地摇动整个系统一段时间。然后快速翻转系统，靠在半软表面上并用固定方式敲击其顶部。取走样品并用其外边缘与标记圆周之间的的环形区域处理。
在用该粉末处理前，先用Labsphere浊度计型号HMZ1200L测定浊度。处理后再次测定浊度，然后沿标记圆周切下并称重(毛重)。为获得净重，将样品浸入水中并在再次称重前严格干燥。每个配方检测四个样品。
结果
表2
| 4次测量的平均(和标准偏差) | ||||
| 样品 | 总重 净重(mg)(mg) | △wt.(mg) | 浊度％ 浊度％处理前 处理后 | 浊度增加％ |
| 125 | 352.98±12.35 334.21±13.46352.21±18.18 339.04±18.97355.80±13.0 341.03±14.4 | 18.7713.1714.77 | 20.8±0.6 69.1±1.425.5±2.6 56.9±4.647.5±2.9 68.7±2.4 | 23312345 |
| 346 | 366.10±20.02 351.54±20.17349.56±9.41 342.84±7.61371.47±8.80 361.13±7.56 | 14.566.7210.32 | 9.3±0.3 53.8±1.314.2±1.1 34.0±4.627.0±4.4 48.1±4.5 | 47813978 |
| 7811 | 370.17±9.51 351.47±8.21332.66±5.00 321.57±5.17378.32±15.08 362.15±14.65 | 18.7011.0916.17 | 18.7±0.2 69.0±2.224.5±1.6 51.8±3.335.7±2.4 63.6±1.6 | 26911178 |
| 91012 | 376.25±3.59 361.27±3.58345.28±8.16 336.97±7.98373.49±19.32 360.41±5.04 | 14.988.3113.08 | 7.3±0.2 53.8±1.412.9±1.2 37.1±2.814.1±1.3 44.5±1.7 | 637188216 |
试验中所用粉剂
刚玉(Al2O3 99.7％)
粒度分析： 93.3％＜200μm
所用添加剂
Irgastat P18(含聚醚酯酰胺的组合物，Ciba Specialtychemicals公司出品)
Pebax MV 1074聚醚酯酰胺，ELF Atochem(今日Atofina)出品
Tinuin492(有空间位阻的胺光稳定剂，Ciba Specialtychemicals公司出品)
化合物A是在US6117995的实施例2中合成的化合物
由表2的结果可清楚地看出，含Irgastat P18或Pebax MV1074的样品比参照样品(No.1，3，7和9)的灰尘明显要少并且浊光度的增加也低得多。
Claims (11)
1.一种减少聚烯烃薄膜上的灰尘沉积的方法，该方法包括在该聚烯烃薄膜中掺入聚醚酯酰胺或含有聚醚酯酰胺的组合物。
2.权利要求1的方法，其中所述的聚烯烃为聚乙烯(PE)，L-或LL-DPE，L-或LL-DPE/乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)或者L或LL-DPE/乙烯-丙烯酸丁酯共聚物(EBA)。
3.权利要求1的方法，其中所述的聚烯烃薄膜为3-5层的复合薄膜，其中至少最外一层含有聚醚酯酰胺或含聚醚酯酰胺的组合物。
4.权利要求1的方法，其中所述的聚醚酯酰胺组合物包括：
a)20-80份纤维状聚酰胺
b)80-20份聚醚酯酰胺和
c)1-5份NaClO4；其中组分a)、b)和c)总量为100份。
5.权利要求1的方法，其中所述的聚醚酯酰胺或含有聚醚酯酰胺的组合物基于该聚烯烃薄膜，其加入量为0.5-100重量％。
6.权利要求1的方法，其中该聚烯薄膜用作温室的外罩或保护膜。
7.权利要求1的方法，其中该聚烯烃薄膜另外含有UV吸收剂和/或选自有空间位阻的胺类的光稳定剂。
8.聚醚酯酰胺或含有聚醚酯酰胺的组合物在减少聚烯烃薄膜上的灰尘沉积方面的应用。
9.权利要求8的聚醚酯酰胺组合物的应用，该组合物含有：
a)20-80份纤维状聚酰胺
b)80-20份聚醚酯酰胺和
c)1-5份NaClO4；其中组分a)、b)和c)总量为100份，用以减少聚烯薄膜上的灰尘沉积。
10.权利要求8的聚醚酯酰胺或含聚酸酯酰胺的组合物在减少温室用聚烯薄膜上的灰尘沉积方面的应用。
11.权利要求8的聚醚酯酰胺或含聚酸酯酰胺的组合物的应用，其中该聚烯薄膜为三层的复合薄膜，并且至少最外一层含有聚醚酯酰胺或含聚酸酯酰胺的组合物。
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2010066095A1 (zh) * | 2008-12-08 | 2010-06-17 | 苏州贤聚新材料科技有限公司 | 一种导电高分子树脂以及皮芯复合结构可染色抗静电纤维 |
| CN102575070A (zh) * | 2009-09-23 | 2012-07-11 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 协同增效抗静电组合物 |
| TWI454549B (zh) * | 2007-04-27 | 2014-10-01 | Nitto Denko Corp | Adhesive sheet |
| CN111748137A (zh) * | 2019-03-26 | 2020-10-09 | 杭化塑友新材料(杭州)有限公司 | 一种耐低湿度的聚烯烃专用抗静电剂 |
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| US20050244717A1 (en) * | 2004-04-30 | 2005-11-03 | Celgard Inc. | Battery separator with antistatic properties |
| EP1600475A1 (en) * | 2004-05-28 | 2005-11-30 | Total Petrochemicals Research Feluy | Use of Thermoplastic Composition Comprising Polyether-Block Copolyamides as Additive |
| JP4553194B2 (ja) * | 2005-02-14 | 2010-09-29 | 三井・デュポンポリケミカル株式会社 | 積層体 |
| EP1854609A1 (en) * | 2006-05-09 | 2007-11-14 | Total Petrochemicals Research Feluy | Coloured rotomoulded articles |
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| US5096995A (en) * | 1987-08-13 | 1992-03-17 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Polyether-ester amide and permanently antistatic resin composition |
| US5348804A (en) * | 1990-06-01 | 1994-09-20 | Salomon S.A. | Ski structure obtained from a polyamide based thermoplastic elastomer and grafted copolyolefin based film adapted for adhesion |
| US5369179A (en) * | 1990-09-07 | 1994-11-29 | W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Inherently antistatic thermoplastic polyamide-polyether films |
| US5652326A (en) * | 1993-03-03 | 1997-07-29 | Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Polyetheresteramide and antistatic resin composition |
| DE59712007D1 (de) | 1996-09-16 | 2004-11-18 | Ciba Sc Holding Ag | Antistatische Zusammensetzung |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI454549B (zh) * | 2007-04-27 | 2014-10-01 | Nitto Denko Corp | Adhesive sheet |
| WO2010066095A1 (zh) * | 2008-12-08 | 2010-06-17 | 苏州贤聚新材料科技有限公司 | 一种导电高分子树脂以及皮芯复合结构可染色抗静电纤维 |
| CN102575070A (zh) * | 2009-09-23 | 2012-07-11 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 协同增效抗静电组合物 |
| CN111748137A (zh) * | 2019-03-26 | 2020-10-09 | 杭化塑友新材料(杭州)有限公司 | 一种耐低湿度的聚烯烃专用抗静电剂 |
| CN111748137B (zh) * | 2019-03-26 | 2022-12-02 | 杭实科技发展(杭州)有限公司 | 一种耐低湿度的聚烯烃专用抗静电剂 |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| US20020043178A1 (en) | 2002-04-18 |
| CA2356023A1 (en) | 2002-02-28 |
| AU778860B2 (en) | 2004-12-23 |
| KR100786237B1 (ko) | 2007-12-17 |
| US6656981B2 (en) | 2003-12-02 |
| IL145120A0 (en) | 2002-06-30 |
| CN1220723C (zh) | 2005-09-28 |
| CO5200803A1 (es) | 2002-09-27 |
| SA01220282B1 (ar) | 2006-12-05 |
| MXPA01008573A (es) | 2002-04-10 |
| JP2002121297A (ja) | 2002-04-23 |
| KR20020018112A (ko) | 2002-03-07 |
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| AU6547601A (en) | 2002-03-07 |
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