Utilize membrane sepn to handle the method for soybean processing waste water
Technical field
The present invention relates to the treatment process of the useless process water of a kind of food, particularly a kind of method of utilizing membrane sepn to handle soybean processing waste water.
Background technology
Domestic soybean factory extracts 1/3 protein from raw material at present, also having 1/3 carbohydrate to become waste residue is handled at a low price, 1/3 the whey-protein and the mixture of soluble-carbohydrate are regarded as waste water and emit in vain, its resource utilization is extremely low, comprehensive benefit is very poor, but also causes serious environmental to pollute.Therefore, how from soybean processing waste water, extract whey-protein and oligose, recovery again with or qualified discharge water be the important new and high technology that solves significant problems such as the energy, crisis of resource and environmental pollution.At present using more to the treatment process of soybean processing waste water is anaerobic-aerobic biological treatment, evaporation concentration method, fermentation method and ultrafiltration-reverse osmosis-electroosmose process.Wherein: anaerobic-aerobic biological treatment treatment effect instability; The evaporation concentration method energy consumption is big, and facility investment and working cost height were promoted in industrial being difficult to; The obtained product of fermentation method second-rate mostly is small molecular protein sugar, and concentration is rare partially; There is the shortcoming of film pollution and operation of equipment complexity in ultrafiltration-reverse osmosis-electroosmose process.
Summary of the invention
At problems of the prior art with not enough, technical problem to be solved by this invention provides that a kind of separation factor is big, energy consumption is little, simple to operate, the extract product quality is good and water resources is recycled or the method for utilizing membrane sepn processing soybean processing waste water of qualified discharge.It can further improve the purity of extract and makes pulvis.
Technical scheme of the present invention realizes with following steps:
1) pre-treatment: the waste water after the soyabean processing is carried out preliminary treatment, to remove suspended substance, fat, bacterium and microorganism etc. wherein; With the soybean processing waste water temperature adjustment after the preliminary treatment, make its temperature be controlled at 40 ℃~50 ℃; 2) uf processing: pretreated soybean processing waste water is passed through ultrafiltration membrane system under 0.2~1.5MPa working pressure, realization albumen separates with sugar, salt, extracts the soybean protein concentrated solution to reclaim, and obtains ultrafiltration membrane permeate liquid; 3) nanofiltration is handled: the ultrafiltration membrane permeate liquid of gained in the step 2 is passed through the desalination of nanofiltration membrane system under 0.5~3.0MPa working pressure, realize that sugared salt separates, with extraction soybean oligosaccharide concentrated solution, and obtain nanofiltration membrane through liquid; 4) aftertreatment: the nanofiltration membrane of gained in the step 3 is carried out aftertreatment through liquid, so that water resources is recycled or qualified discharge.
According to above-mentioned technical scheme, the preliminary treatment of soybean processing waste water comprises the steps: a) soybean processing waste water to be modulated in the described step 1), and making its pH value is 7~8; B) adding contains Ca
2+Flocculation agent, make the Ca in the soybean processing waste water
2+Content is 150mg/l~300mg/l; C) it is centrifugal, pre-filtering, micro-filtration.
In order further to improve the purity of whey-protein, according to such scheme with step 2) in the soybean protein concentrated solution that extracted carry out diafiltration, concentrate and dry, make soybean protein powder;
In order further to improve the purity of soybean oligosaccharide, according to such scheme the soybean oligosaccharide concentrated solution that is extracted in the step 3) is carried out diafiltration, with polymeric adsorbent or gac the nanofiltration membrane concentrated solution is decoloured then, through concentrated and dry, make the soybean oligosaccharide powder again;
According to such scheme, the aftertreatment described in the step 4 comprises three kinds of processing modes:
The one, nanofiltration membrane sees through liquid and further handles by reverse osmosis membrane system under 1.0~2.0MPa working pressure, and reverse osmosis sees through liquid and is back to production; The 2nd, nanofiltration membrane is seen through liquid carry out the aerobe processing, make processing back water reach the relevant sewage drainage standard of country, and discharge in accordance with regulations; The 3rd, nanofiltration membrane sees through liquid and handles through film-bioreactor, and the water after the processing is back to production.
The present invention adopts pressure drive membrane to carry out ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, make full use of it and hold back the characteristic bigger with separation factor, realized that well albumen, sugar separate with concentrated with salt, and adopted the diafiltration mode that whey-protein and soybean oligosaccharide are handled, its purity is increased substantially; Whole sepn process of the present invention is carried out in closed system, need not heat, thereby avoids and alleviated heat and oxygen to the influence of food original flavor and nutritive ingredient, makes the quality product of extract of the present invention than prior art raising greatly be arranged.Treatment process of the present invention only needs positive delivery and circulation repeatedly, thereby energy consumption is low, and speed is fast, simple to operate, and facility investment simultaneously and working cost are low, are about 1/2~1/5 of evaporation concentration.
Accompanying drawing and explanation
Fig. 1 is a schema of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and concrete embodiment:
Embodiment 1:
Step 1): preliminary treatment: soybean processing waste water is collected into wastewater trough, enters pre-place through the waste water force (forcing) pump The reason device. Soybean processing waste water is carried out preliminary treatment: in soybean processing waste water, add an amount of hydroxide Sodium, the pH value that makes described soybean processing waste water is 8; Add then flocculant CaCl2To remove the fat in the soybean processing waste water, institute adds CaCl2Quantity according to Ca in the soybean processing waste water2+Content determine, add Make its content be about 200mg/l after entering; Again soybean processing waste water is carried out centrifugal, to remove flocculate precipitate; With the soybean processing waste water of clarification carry out pre-filtering and micro-filtration remove respectively 5 μ m and the particle more than the 0.2 μ m and Bacterium etc.; With the soybean processing waste water temperature adjustment after the aforementioned processing, it is remained on about 45 ℃ at last;
Step 2): hyperfiltration treatment: pretreated soybean processing waste water is passed through under the 1MPa operating pressure Airtight ultrafiltration membrane system, this ultrafiltration membrane system is separated albumen, thereby obtain the soy-bean whey egg with sugar, salt White concentrate and ultrafiltration membrane permeate liquid. The soybean whey protein concentrate is carried out diafiltration, further improve whey The purity of albumen concentrates it then through falling film evaporator, it is high-purity to obtain to enter the spray drying tower drying again The soyabean protein powder of 0 degree;
Step 3): nanofiltration is processed: with the ultrafiltration membrane permeate liquid of gained in the step 2 under the 2MPa operating pressure By airtight NF membrane system desalination, this NF membrane system separates sugar, salt, and is low to obtain respectively soybean Glycan concentrate and nanofiltration permeate. The soyabean oligosaccharides concentrate is carried out diafiltration, further improve soybean The purity of compound sugar; , it is concentrated through falling film evaporator, again the percolate processing of decolouring with active carbon Enter the spray drying tower drying to obtain highly purified soyabean oligosaccharides powder;
Step 4): post processing: with the nanofiltration permeate under the 1.5MPa operating pressure by prior art Reverse osmosis membrane system sees through liquid as the industrial water reuse with counter-infiltration again.
Embodiment 2:
The step 1 of present embodiment)~step 3) identical with embodiment 1:
Step 4): post processing: the nanofiltration permeate to gained in the step 3 carries out aerobic life by prior art Thing is processed, and the water after the processing reaches the relevant sewage drainage standard of country, and in accordance with regulations discharging.
Embodiment 3:
Step 1): preliminary treatment: soybean processing waste water is collected into wastewater trough, enters pre-place through the waste water force (forcing) pump The reason device. Soybean processing waste water is carried out preliminary treatment: in soybean processing waste water, add an amount of hydroxide Sodium, the pH value that makes described soybean processing waste water is 7; Add then flocculant CaCl2To remove the fat in the soybean processing waste water, institute adds CaCl2Quantity according to Ca in the soybean processing waste water2+Content determine, add Make its content be about 300mg/l after entering; Again soybean processing waste water is carried out centrifugal, to remove flocculate precipitate; With the soybean processing waste water of clarification carry out pre-filtering and micro-filtration remove respectively 5 μ m and the particle more than the 0.2 μ m and Bacterium etc.; With the soybean processing waste water temperature adjustment after the aforementioned processing, make it remain on 40 ℃ at last;
Step 2): hyperfiltration treatment: pretreated soybean processing waste water is logical under the 0.5MPa operating pressure Cross airtight ultrafiltration membrane system, this ultrafiltration membrane system is separated albumen, thereby obtain soy-bean whey with sugar, salt Protein concentrated solution and ultrafiltration membrane permeate liquid. The soybean whey protein concentrate is carried out diafiltration, further improve breast Albuminised purity concentrates it then through falling film evaporator, enter the spray drying tower drying to obtain height again The soyabean protein powder of purity;
Step 3): nanofiltration is processed: the ultrafiltration membrane permeate liquid of gained in the step 2 is logical under the 1MPa operating pressure Cross airtight NF membrane system desalination, this NF membrane system separates sugar, salt, and is oligomeric to obtain respectively soybean Sugar concentrate and nanofiltration permeate. The soyabean oligosaccharides concentrate is carried out diafiltration, and it is low further to improve soybean The purity of glycan; With polymeric adsorbent to the processing of decolouring of soyabean oligosaccharides concentrate, then with it through falling liquid film Evaporimeter concentrates, and enters the spray drying tower drying to obtain highly purified soyabean oligosaccharides powder again;
Step 4): post processing the nanofiltration permeate of gained is through the film-biology of prior art: with step 3) Reactor for treatment, the water after the processing is back to production.
Because the character of all kinds of bean product factory effluents is more approaching, so the present invention is equally applicable to soybean system The recycling treatment of product factory effluent is such as the improvement of the factory effluent of bean curd, fermented bean curd and soymilk powder.