CN1333167C - 能量产生系统 - Google Patents

能量产生系统 Download PDF

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CN1333167C
CN1333167C CNB028065034A CN02806503A CN1333167C CN 1333167 C CN1333167 C CN 1333167C CN B028065034 A CNB028065034 A CN B028065034A CN 02806503 A CN02806503 A CN 02806503A CN 1333167 C CN1333167 C CN 1333167C
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比约恩·林德贝里
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种主要借助于海流产生能量的系统(1)，包含具有前入口侧(2)和后出口侧(3)的旋转体(4)，和至少一个连接在入口侧(2)和发电机(5)的传递部件(6)。所述旋转体(4)具有沿朝入口侧的方向从大致圆柱形的腰部(7)延伸的圆锥和/或灯泡形的渐缩部分(8，9)，且圆锥和/或下凹或平面部分沿相反的方向从出口侧延伸，所述腰部沿其圆周具有互相邻近安装的叶片(10)、用于保持所述旋转体的转动，同时该旋转体的前自由端固定到传递部件(6)上，以便将转动运动传递给发电机(5)。

Description

能量产生系统
技术领域
本发明涉及一种主要借助于海流产生能量的系统，包含具有前入口侧和后出口侧的旋转体，和至少一个连接所述入口侧和发电机的传递部件。
背景技术
现有的借助于海水产生能量的方法和系统都需要高昂的成本。而且，它们的效率非常低，因为对于投资成本来说，利用这些系统产生的能量往往不足。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种主要借助于海流产生能量的系统。它包含可以产生比以前可能产生的量明显更多的能量。由于这一系统的挠性，它可以置于海水中海流最强的位置。
根据本发明，提供一种使用海流产生能量的系统，包括：具有前入口侧和后出口侧的旋转体，和至少一个位于入口侧和发电机之间的传递部件，其中，所述旋转体具有在朝着出口侧的方向上延伸的圆锥形和/或凹形部分、以及从圆柱形的腰部向着入口侧延伸的圆锥形和/或灯泡形的渐缩部分，其中，所述腰部仅沿着其圆周设有涡轮叶片，以适于保持旋转体的旋转，所述旋转体的自由前端固定在传递部件上，以便向发电机传递旋转运动，并且其中，旋转体的外壁的内表面具有沿其圆周的叶片，用于消除旋转体内的流体产生的摩擦。
由于本发明，现已提供了一种以优良的方式满足所述目的的系统。而且，它可以方便地制造，且成本较低。根据本发明，该系统包含构成本发明的核心的旋转体，且该旋转体通过该系统所处位置的海流转动。
所述旋转体的转动可以通过调节叶片的角度而优化，其中所述叶片绕旋转体的腰部排布定向。所述旋转体借助于传递部件保持在海水的液面内，且该传递部件还将旋转运动传递给发电机。由于旋转体的特定形状，获得了非常高的效率，这涉及到由大量水构成的缓流的转换。转动能量通过传递部件从旋转体传递到发电机，用于直接传递的产生电能或存储该能量。所述系统包括使旋转体与旋转体周围的叶片共同保持正确发电位置的泵或压缩机。所述泵和压缩机用于调节旋转体被海水填充的程度，其中该程度本身并不影响旋转体在海水中的转动位置。为了消除旋转体内部的流体摩擦，并确定其填充程度，旋转体的内侧设有内部定向叶片，这些叶片导致内部流体与旋转体一起转动，而不在其内壁上产生摩擦。这种配置意味着叶片还起到使整个旋转体更具刚性的肋板作用。
附图说明
下面参照附图描述本发明的某些优选实施例。
图1是示出了本发明的系统的侧视示意图，
图2示出了使用本发明的系统的另一方式，
图3是示出了包括在本发明的系统中，且转动地支撑在喷嘴形周围壳体内的旋转体的剖面侧视示意图，
图4是图3的旋转体及其壳体的端视图，
图5是本发明的另一实施例的侧视示意图，示出了具有前入口侧和后入口侧的旋转体，其中入口侧具有圆锥形部分，出口侧具有平面部分，
图6是示出了包括在所述系统中的旋转体，且示出旋转体的高度位置是如何通过旋转体的填充程度变化而变化的示意图，
图7是朝入口侧看到的经所述腰部的剖面图，且示出了内部叶片，
图8(a)～(d)示出了旋转体的入口和出口侧的不同设计方案，还示出了在旋转体腰部的叶片的轴向和径向位置，
图9(a)～(d)示出了水入口和出口侧的可能设计方案，
图10是示出了用于旋转运动的可枢转传递部件的侧视示意图，该部件消除了波浪运动的影响，
图11示出了借助于传递部件的刚性、径向作用力的传递，包括可枢转的连接器、电流和安装在旋转体内部的电流发电机，所述传递部件由刚性传递轴构成，
图12是示出了另一实施例的侧视图，其中旋转体在其腰部周围显示出截锥体、倾斜的侧面，该侧面朝腰部汇聚，且经所述腰部周围的叶片或翅片露出，该腰部位于彼此间隔预定距离的位置处，
图13是图12中示出的旋转体的端视图，
图14示意性地示出了本发明的旋转体，并示出了水流是如何集中的。
具体实施方式
从附图中可以看出，本发明由主要借助于海流产生能量的系统1构成，且包含具有前入口侧2和后出口侧3的旋转体4，以及至少一个连接入口侧2和发电机5的传递部件6。传递部件6可以由挠性或刚性轴构成。
旋转体4(或4′，4"，4)显示为从大致圆柱形的腰部7(或7′，7"，7)朝入口侧2延伸的渐缩部分8(或8′，8″，8)，且为圆锥形和/或灯泡形。在图8和9中详细示出了旋转体4在入口侧2和出口侧3的不同形状。灯泡形、坑道形以及使旋转体4(或4′，4″，4)转动的叶片的轴向和径向位置用于匹配由平均流速、平均温度和盐含量确定的因素，且对于每一选定的安装位置，已经进行了单独计算。在旋转体4(或4′，4"，4)处，水流集中到它的外径处，此后它们汇聚为原始形状。为此，在考虑到这一事实的基础上计算叶片的高度。在图8a-8d和9a-9d中示出了旋转体4(或4′，4"，4)的适当的出口形状。为了匹配不同密度、盐含量和水流速度变化形成的组合影响，已经选择了所述形状，以产生最大的效率。
旋转体4绕其腰部7显示出以不同的距离间隔开，且用于保持旋转体的转动的叶片10。旋转体4的前自由端连接于用于将转动运动传递到发电机5的传递部件6。叶片10可以具有可调节的迎角，所以它们可以转动而输出最大的可能输出功率。
根据在图12和13中详细示出的另一实施例，旋转体4的腰部7显示出由叶片或翅片10支撑的截锥体26。其汇聚侧27、28面对腰部7，从而形成坑道形结构29，捕获海流，并经中间基部30朝叶片10引导。根据该优选实施例，叶片10的安装角可以为约45°。在这种情况下，由于转动体的转动可获得的功率可以增加约30％。
为了旋转体4在海水中的方位，旋转体包含流体供应部件11，例如由泵或压缩机构成，结合上述的可能性，该部件使旋转体保持正确的动力消耗位置，以根据海流的强度改变叶片角度。为了进一步增加旋转体的效率，旋转体可以安装在喷嘴形的壳体12中，该壳体可以形成沙漏形状，且其壁从壳体的渐缩中心部分13发散，其中旋转体可转动地支撑在轴承14上，该轴承分别固定在壳体12的入口15和出口16上。根据所示的实施例，壳体12具有方形截面，与圆形截面相比提供了更大的面积以及最大的流速，接着又给予旋转体4最大的可能转动运动。
旋转体4的外壁17在其内表面上具有绕圆周的叶片18，用于消除流体，例如水产生的摩擦，此时水在旋转体4内部。同时，叶片18用作使旋转体4的外壁17刚性更好的肋板。由于这种配置，填充旋转体4内部的水将参与旋转运动。
图1示出了本发明的系统1可以如何设计。在这种情况下，系统1包含锚固部件20，该部件停放在海底，且延伸出一连接于漂浮部件22的链条21，该漂浮部件支撑用于存储经传递部件6和发电机5来自旋转体4的能量的蓄电池23。连接于漂浮部件22的还有电缆24，当需要时该电缆可用于将能量传递到岸上，另一个可能是将蓄电池23中存储的能量传递到不同类型的收集船，该收集船用于将存储的能量继续输送到所需的目的地。
图2示意地示出了本发明的系统1，其中旋转体4借助于具有框架25的锚固部件20支撑在海流中。所述框架有助于使旋转体4在海流中保持预定的位置。传递部件可枢转地连接于框架25，该框架25还连接于用于将能量输送到陆地的电缆24。
图10和11示出了本发明的系统1中在旋转体4和漂浮部件22之间的不同连接。图10示出了关节式连接的功率传递机构，以消除海浪的影响。图11示出了一种刚性的径向连接，包括关节式的连接器和安装在旋转体4内的电流发电机5。还有将发电机5产生的能量经传递部件6输送的电缆，在这种情况下由刚性轴构成传递部件。
上述不同的机构已经可以产生一种包括旋转体的系统，其中旋转体的圆周速度可以径向增加。低速水流和大量水可以集中而在圆周处增加作用力。
图14示意地示出了水流如何集中到旋转体4的外径的、尤其是在腰部7的区域。此后，水流再次结合成其原始形状。为此，已经计算了叶片的尺寸，以精确匹配这一事实，且已经获得相当于约16kW/m2的效率，它比现有技术的解决方案高出四倍。

Claims (7)

1.一种使用海流产生能量的系统(1)，包括：具有前入口侧(2)和后出口侧(3)的旋转体(4)，和至少一个位于入口侧(2)和发电机(5)之间的传递部件(6)，其中，所述旋转体具有在朝着出口侧的方向上延伸的圆锥形和/或凹形部分、以及从圆柱形的腰部(7)向着入口侧延伸的圆锥形和/或灯泡形的渐缩部分(8、9)，其中，所述腰部仅沿着其圆周设有涡轮叶片，以用于保持旋转体的旋转，所述旋转体的自由前端固定在传递部件(6)上，以便向发电机(5)传递旋转运动，并且其中，旋转体(4)的外壁(17)的内表面具有沿其圆周的叶片(18)，用于消除旋转体内的流体(19)产生的摩擦。
2.如权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于，所述叶片(10)的迎角是可变化的。
3.如权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于，所述旋转体(4)包含使旋转体随海流强度而保持在正确的漂浮位置的流体供应部件(11)。
4.如权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于，所述旋转体(4)位于喷嘴形壳体(12)内，该壳体具有大致沙漏形的形状，其壁从可转动地安装旋转体(4)的壳体(12)的渐缩中央部分(13)发散。
5.如权利要求3所述的系统，其特征在于，所述壳体具有方形截面。
6.如权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于，所述叶片(18)还用作加强所述外壁(17)的肋板。
7.如权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于，所述旋转体(4)的腰部(7)具有由涡轮叶片(10)支撑且绕所述腰部延伸的截锥体(26)，所述截锥体的汇聚侧(27，28)面对腰部(7)，形成坑道结构(29)，该坑道结构由所述旋转体的渐缩部分(8，9)和所述截锥体(26)的前侧(27)限定，并朝叶片(10)变窄，且在两者之间存在位于所述叶片(10)之间的中间空间(30)，用于收集和引导海流。
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