CN1328867A - Reverse osmose desalination microfiltration membrane pretreatment method - Google Patents
Reverse osmose desalination microfiltration membrane pretreatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1328867A CN1328867A CN01129466A CN01129466A CN1328867A CN 1328867 A CN1328867 A CN 1328867A CN 01129466 A CN01129466 A CN 01129466A CN 01129466 A CN01129466 A CN 01129466A CN 1328867 A CN1328867 A CN 1328867A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis
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Abstract
A reverse-osmosis desalination microfiltration membrane pretreatment method for sea water includes the following steps: precipitating sea water in which the flocculating scale inhibitor is added, separating supernatant fluid, pressurizing and feeding it into a microfiltration unit formed from several groups of microfiltration membranes which are parallelly-connected, then the penetrated liquor flowing out from the microfiltration unit can completely meet the requirements of reverse-osmosis membrane system. The said invented treatment method possesses the following advantages: it is suitable for higher solid content contained in feeding material, water quality of treated water produced by said system is good and stable, its operation cost is low, and its microfiltration membrane life is long and its effect for removing algae and colloid from seawater is good.
Description
The present invention relates to desalination technology, particularly a kind of reverse osmose desalination microfiltration membrane pretreatment method.
Water is the basis that the mankind depend on for existence, but can be very limited for the human resource of using on the earth.94% water is seawater in the world, 6% be fresh water; And in this fresh water of 6%, have 27% to be the glacier again, 72% is underground water.Along with the development of society, the shortage of Freshwater resources displays gradually.Only just there be more than 300 urban water shortage in China, more than 50 city serious water shortage.And groundwater abstraction in large quantities can cause negative impact to the city again, as sinking of ground etc.
As everyone knows, the water of the tellurian overwhelming majority is seawater, if can utilize seawater resources, just can solve people's drinking-water problem fully, and especially to coastal cities, sea water desaltination is the method that really solves water shortage problem.But the saltiness in the seawater is 3-4%, and can be less than 1000PPM as the saltiness of tap water, so must utilize efficient manner to reduce saltiness, makes that producing water meets drinking water standard.
Desalination technology has passed through the development of many decades, and great variety also takes place technology, and the technology of using mainly contains multistage flash evaporation, multiple-effect evaporation, vapour compression, membrane sepn, electrodialysis etc. at present.Often the desalination techniques that uses is mainly multistage flash evaporation and reverse osmosis membrane separation, and these two kinds of technology account for total desalting equipment ability 86%, and reverse osmosis accounts for 42%, and newly-built device mostly is reverse osmosis unit at present.Now in the world every day desalination water output be 2,300 ten thousand tons, wherein mainly concentrate on the Saudi Arabia and the U.S..The processing power of maximum reverse osmosis (RO) desalting plant is 270,000 tons/day.
The reverse osmosis desalination technology is the new desalination techniques that closely grows up during the last ten years, develops rapidly in the short time, has become the future development trend of sea water desaltination.Reverse osmosis is that a kind of dependence pressure carries out separating process, main energy consumption is the supercharging of water inlet, and ultimate principle is: water inlet enters film separation unit by the pump pressurization, is divided into two strands in the water inlet of the surface of film, part water is by film, and mineral ion wherein is blocked and becomes de-salted water; Another part water does not then become the condensed water of saliferous enrichment by film.Reverse osmosis seawater desalination system is made up of three parts usually: pre-treatment, reverse osmosis process (high-pressure pump+membrane module) and aftertreatment.Wherein, preprocessing process is very important in reverse osmosis process, because the surface of film must keep clean totally, thereby must shift out suspended substance in advance, makes the deposition and the microorganism that can not occur salt on the surface of film.Usually pre-treatment is by secondary filter with add acid or other chemical---prevent to precipitate and the microbial growth process is formed.Reverse osmosis process is the core of sea water desalinization, and high-pressure pump provides pressure to make water pass through film and desalination, makes water pass through film by pressurize.The RO film has several types, business-like rolled film and the hollow-fibre membrane of mainly containing, and two kinds of configurations all are used for brackish water and sea water desalinization.Last handling process then comprises the desalination water degassing, as hydrogen sulfide and adjustment pH value.
The reverse osmosis seawater desalting key in application is the process cost of reduction equipment, makes that producing the water cost can be reduced to several units/ton desalination water.In recent ten years, aspect the process cost that reduces reverse osmosis unit, mainly at more effective film of exploitation and use energy recycle device.Present many films have had higher water flux, have increased ratio of desalinization, have reduced cost, the life-span is also longer.
The core of sea water desalting equipment is a Reverse Osmosis Desalination Process Equipment, and whether its direct relation can reach the purpose that directly generates tap water from seawater, can not desalination also just can't finish the desalination of seawater, and this is primary prerequisite.After the reverse osmosis of adopting can be finished the desalination task, ensuing problem was exactly the processing cost how assurance device moves steadily in the long term and how to reduce water.
The long-term stability operation of device just means that also the replacement cycle of film changes, and has correspondingly also just reduced the working cost of equipment.Realize the steady running of RO system, except reverse osmosis system design itself, another important factor is exactly the design of pre-treatment.The burden that rationally can alleviate reverse osmosis process of pre-treatment design prolongs the work-ing life of film simultaneously, and can increase the throughput of system.
The quality of reverse osmosis desalination device operation depends on following three factors: the pre-treatment of seawater, membrane module select the cleaning of polluting for use with flow scheme design, film, the life-time service of reverse osmosis unit shows, the pre-treatment design is the key that can reverse osmosis system successful, the quality of pre-treatment step water quality treatment, directly influence the life-span of back reverse osmosis system film, if do not add pre-treatment, seawater directly enters reverse osmosis, and 1 will make reverse osmosis membrane lose efficacy within being for a short time.
The purpose of the pretreated method of sea water desaltination is the pollution that prevents the chemical damage and the film of film.The reason of making film forming chemical damage is the concentration of chlorine in the pH value of seawater and the seawater.Make reason that film forming film pollutes and mainly contain pollutent in the seawater, desalination technology pre-treatment purpose is to remove these materials:
| Pollutent | Treatment process |
| Biological pollutant precipitated metal thing (metal oxide) the inorganic salt organic pollutant of suspended solids (containing mud and mud etc.) colloid marine alga, bacterium | Adopt scalping or more medium filter+microporous membrane filter core flocculation+filtration chlorination+NaHSO 3Absorption of pickling acidifying charcoal or flocculation filtration |
Current pretreatment approaches is with above-mentioned various treatment process combinations, respectively all contaminations is handled, and makes the treating processes more complicated like this, and flow process is long, and consumes a large amount of pharmaceutical chemicalss.And such flow process is responsive to the water-quality ratio for the treatment of water, is difficult to guarantee effluent quality like this, thereby influences the RO system performance of back.
Existing sea water preprocessing technology comprises: the coarse sand settling tank, add lime and ferric sulfate process, more medium filter and security personnel's strainer.Wherein, the coarse sand settling tank is first pre-processing device that seawater enters desalination system, and the water by the seawater extraction system provides at first enters the coarse sand settling tank, and along with speed reduces, settling will be deposited to the bottom, pond; The purpose that adds lime and ferric sulfate process is to make particulate matter continue flocculating settling, and with the deposition of the part calcium in the water, reduces the saltiness of water, makes water obtain clarification; Before entering strainer, add sulfuric acid earlier, make the pH value of water keep neutral, more medium filter is lived the interception of the fine particle in the water; Adopting the aperture is the high molecular filter element of 5 μ m, as pretreated end-filtration, makes final water reach the requirement of reverse osmosis membrane.
In the last few years, also bring into use the pretreatment process of micro-filtration as reverse osmosis abroad, the result shows, microfiltration method has several big advantages than the treatment process of conventional use at present, the one, device procedures is simplified, and the more medium filter in past and the strainer of ensuring public security are united two into one, and investment reduces; The 2nd, working cost reduces, and security personnel just need in filter element 2-5 week to change in the traditional technology, does not then also need in 1 year to change with microfiltration membrane; The 3rd, what the original method of handling of water-quality ratio will be good is many.But, industrialized report is not arranged as yet at present as the sea water desaltination pre-treatment.
Yet pre-treatment directly influences the performance and the economy of whole reverse osmosis equipment, there is following problem in the pre-treatment of adopting at present: existing preconditioning technique process adopts high molecular filter element to filter as final usually, and high molecular filter element is unrenewable, so often need more renew cartridge; When water quality was relatively poor, one or two week will all block filter core, and the consumptive material expense is very big, causes the increase of running cost, and frequent more renew cartridge, caused the product water unstable of system.On the other hand, present pretreatment process need make with medicament handle for the processing of the algae in the seawater, reverse osmosis membrane is polluted preventing, the operation of back need add other medicament more former medicament is removed like this, complex procedures is also wasted chemical agent, if with concentrated water discharge, can pollute environment again.And existing preconditioning technique when bigger variation takes place the water inlet condition, produces the requirement that the water index can not reach reverse osmosis membrane to the water quality bad adaptability of former water.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind ofly can overcome the deficiencies in the prior art fully, have the flow process weak point, the reverse osmose desalination microfiltration membrane pretreatment method of long service life, performance such as good and water quality is good to the removal effect of impurity.
Reverse osmose desalination microfiltration membrane pretreatment method of the present invention comprises that the seawater that will add the flocculation Scale inhibitors precipitates, enter the micro-filtration unit that composes in parallel by the array microfiltration membrane after the supernatant liquor of separating out post precipitation is pressurized to 0.02-0.5Mpa, effusively from the micro-filtration unit see through the requirement that liquid can satisfy reverse osmosis membrane system fully.
Wherein, the material of described microfiltration membrane is metal titanium or stainless steel, and the aperture is 0.1-10 μ m.
Described film group number is 2-4.
The flow velocity of described seawater in the microfiltration membrane unit is the 0.1-6 meter per second.
Described flocculation Scale inhibitors can comprise iron trichloride or iron bromide and sodium phosphate, and the add-on of each composition is 0.1-10ppm.
Can also comprise sulfuric acid in the described flocculation Scale inhibitors, add-on can be 0.1-10ppm.
The treating processes of reverse osmose desalination microfiltration membrane pretreatment method of the present invention is promptly: seawater at first enters subsider after adding medicament, by the flocculation agent that adds precipitations such as the thick solid particulate matter of major part, mud are separated out, solids is then discharged system, focuses on.Remove the supernatant liquor of solid particulate matter, pump up and deliver to the microfiltration membrane unit, seawater is in the microfiltration membrane unit, on film with face transverse flow mistake, part seawater infiltrate film, promptly be filtered, tunicles such as the particulate matter in the seawater, organism, algae, mud are tackled in charging one side, and along with concentrated solution returns subsider.Remove the liquid that sees through of particulate matter, clear, turbidity be reduced to＜and 0.5, free chlorine content＜0.1PPM satisfies the requirement of reverse osmosis membrane system fully.
After the filtration of certain hour of film process, flux can reduce, and can pass through backwash process, makes the flux of film return to initial state, proceeds filtration procedure.
Reverse osmose desalination microfiltration membrane pretreatment method of the present invention is that original more medium filter and security personnel's strainer are combined, and finishes coarse filtration and smart filter task simultaneously, and can finish the on-line cleaning membrane module continuously and automatically.
The characteristics of reverse osmose desalination microfiltration membrane pretreatment method of the present invention are as follows:
Can adapt to and contain high solid content in the charging, and the charging situation of solids content range broad; The water quality very good (SDI＜3, turbidity＜0.5) of the treating water that system produces, and the maintenance of the quality for the treatment of water is constant, does not change because flooded condition changes; Because flow process is short, coarse filtration and smart filter are united two into one, the pharmaceutical chemicals of adding is few, and the refuse of generation is few, and working cost is very low, and total power consumption only is 0.15-0.20kwh/ ton filtered water usually; System is unattended operation, and the microfiltration membrane cleaning process is automatically to clean, and the life-span is long, can use 5-10, not as traditional security personnel's strainer, and 1-2 months renew cartridges more, and the water-quality ratio that is produced is far better with the strainer of ensuring public security; The microfiltration membrane that adopts in the system is a kind of inorganic filter material of superior performance, be particularly suited for carrying out brine disposal, can bear the marine denudation under the various conditions, can not be corroded decades yet, and have fabulous shock-resistance and intensity, can image height molecule filter core not such, because of the unexpected variation of the temperature and pressure of system, and easily arrive damage, thereby have influence on the reverse osmosis membrane system of back; The another one characteristics of system are that algae in the seawater and colloid are had extraordinary removal effect; Utilize native system to carry out former water treatment,, will increase the water-yielding capacity of reverse osmosis membrane than other pretreatment process.
Further describe the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment
A kind of reverse osmose desalination microfiltration membrane pretreatment method, it comprises that the seawater that will add the flocculation Scale inhibitors of being made up of iron bromide and sodium phosphate precipitates, it is that metal titanium, membrane pore size are the micro-filtration unit of 5 μ m that the supernatant liquor of separating out post precipitation enters after being pressurized to 0.2Mpa pressure by 2 groups of materials, effusively from the micro-filtration unit sees through the requirement that liquid can satisfy reverse osmosis membrane system fully.
The flow velocity of described seawater in the microfiltration membrane unit is 3 meter per seconds.
The add-on of each composition is 5ppm in the described flocculation Scale inhibitors.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of reverse osmose desalination microfiltration membrane pretreatment method, it is characterized in that comprising that the seawater with having added the flocculation Scale inhibitors precipitates, enter the micro-filtration unit that composes in parallel by the array microfiltration membrane after the supernatant liquor of separating out post precipitation is pressurized to 0.02-0.5Mpa, effusively from the micro-filtration unit see through the requirement that liquid can satisfy reverse osmosis membrane system fully.
2, pretreatment process as claimed in claim 1, the material that it is characterized in that described microfiltration membrane is a metal titanium, the aperture is 0.1-10 μ m.
3, pretreatment process as claimed in claim 1, the material that it is characterized in that described microfiltration membrane is a stainless steel, the aperture is 0.1-10 μ m.
4, pretreatment process as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described film group number is 2-4.
5, pretreatment process as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the flow velocity of described seawater in the microfiltration membrane unit is the 0.1-6 meter per second.
6, pretreatment process as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described flocculation Scale inhibitors comprises iron trichloride or iron bromide and sodium phosphate, and the add-on of each composition is 0.1-10ppm.
7, pretreatment process as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that also comprising sulfuric acid in the described flocculation Scale inhibitors that add-on is 0.1-10ppm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB011294663A CN1185042C (en) | 2001-06-21 | 2001-06-21 | Reverse osmose desalination microfiltration membrane pretreatment method |
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| CNB011294663A CN1185042C (en) | 2001-06-21 | 2001-06-21 | Reverse osmose desalination microfiltration membrane pretreatment method |
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| CN1328867A true CN1328867A (en) | 2002-01-02 |
| CN1185042C CN1185042C (en) | 2005-01-19 |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1319878C (en) * | 2004-06-12 | 2007-06-06 | 杭州水处理技术研究开发中心 | Method and equipment for desalting seawater |
| CN1331768C (en) * | 2005-10-31 | 2007-08-15 | 南京工业大学 | Pretreatment method of intermetallic compound film in seawater desalination |
| CN100386026C (en) * | 2002-05-30 | 2008-05-07 | 味之素株式会社 | Preparation for pure-meat food and method for producing pure-meat food by the preparation |
| WO2012027901A1 (en) * | 2010-09-03 | 2012-03-08 | Ge Wenyu | Comprehensive seawater utilization method for energy saving and emission reduction |
| CN102531256A (en) * | 2010-12-24 | 2012-07-04 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Low-temperature seawater desalination process method and device |
| CN102701478A (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2012-10-03 | 河北工业大学 | Concentrated seawater treatment method |
| CN102838221A (en) * | 2012-09-19 | 2012-12-26 | 浙江省海洋水产养殖研究所 | Water for ocean aquaculture, preparation method and application |
| CN104496060A (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2015-04-08 | 刘华军 | Seawater desalination and comprehensive utilization process and system |
-
2001
- 2001-06-21 CN CNB011294663A patent/CN1185042C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100386026C (en) * | 2002-05-30 | 2008-05-07 | 味之素株式会社 | Preparation for pure-meat food and method for producing pure-meat food by the preparation |
| CN1319878C (en) * | 2004-06-12 | 2007-06-06 | 杭州水处理技术研究开发中心 | Method and equipment for desalting seawater |
| CN1331768C (en) * | 2005-10-31 | 2007-08-15 | 南京工业大学 | Pretreatment method of intermetallic compound film in seawater desalination |
| WO2012027901A1 (en) * | 2010-09-03 | 2012-03-08 | Ge Wenyu | Comprehensive seawater utilization method for energy saving and emission reduction |
| CN102531256A (en) * | 2010-12-24 | 2012-07-04 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Low-temperature seawater desalination process method and device |
| CN102531256B (en) * | 2010-12-24 | 2013-09-04 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Low-temperature seawater desalination process method and device |
| CN102701478A (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2012-10-03 | 河北工业大学 | Concentrated seawater treatment method |
| CN102701478B (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2014-02-26 | 河北工业大学 | Concentrated seawater treatment method |
| CN102838221A (en) * | 2012-09-19 | 2012-12-26 | 浙江省海洋水产养殖研究所 | Water for ocean aquaculture, preparation method and application |
| CN102838221B (en) * | 2012-09-19 | 2014-07-23 | 浙江省海洋水产养殖研究所 | Water for ocean aquaculture, preparation method and application |
| CN104496060A (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2015-04-08 | 刘华军 | Seawater desalination and comprehensive utilization process and system |
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| CN1185042C (en) | 2005-01-19 |
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