CN1319513A - Mechanical/electrical two-way collected sectional continuous stepless autoamtic speed variety system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invented sectional continuous stepless automatic speed-changing system is structurally characterized by that the place having need of placing speed changer in the power transmission circuit a mechanical/electric powr driving mechanism, a two-way collecting planetary row group assembly formed from at least a forward and a backward single planetary row, a multi-section automatic sectino-changing mechanism capable of implementing alternative work of forward and backward planetary row (group) and an electronic controller equipment are mounted. Said system is high in transmission efficiency, large in load, can automatic change working section under the condition of no cutting power, and can be continuously regulated in speed.

Description

The sectional continuous stepless automatic speed-changing system that mechanical/electrical two-way confluxes

The present invention relates to power transmission and automatic speed-changing system in the electromechanical appliance, specifically be meant sectional continuous stepless automatic speed-changing system and method for designing thereof that a class mechanical/electrical two-way confluxes.

In electromechanical appliance, need be changed the motion of propulsion source, application force, energy and power etc., regulated and be transmitted by driving system usually, be sent to actuating unit at last with certain form that needs output.For example propulsion source can be electrical motor, explosive motor etc. usually, its motion is the product that rotates, power is proportional to its rotating speed and torque, and the output of actuating unit then can be rotatablely moving and the crank motion of the translation of driving power and car load, shaping machine cutter head and cutting power or the like of automobile driving car wheel.Change-speed box is a most important ring in the driving system often, and its function is to change speed ratio, also claims transmitting ratio, is defined herein as the ratio of output speed and input speed, and its inverse then claims reduction ratio.Change-speed box makes actuating unit dynamically realize coupling by the speed of expection and the characteristic of application force Changing Pattern output movement and power, the operating characteristic that makes propulsion source and load, guaranteeing that the big system of whole machinery can both normal operation under various operating modes, even obtain preferable or best overall performance.For example in the vehicle such as modern car and boat, be used with regard to the change-speed box that types such as mechanical type, fax dynamic formula, hydraulic pressure and hydraulic transmission formula are arranged, wherein characteristics such as driving efficiency height, cost are low, compact conformation are widely used because of having with mechanical especially.Along with the raising that people require transmission performance, the structure of transmission gear shift system is by simply gradually complicated, and the trend that develops to the stepless change direction to two or the compound transmission of multi-power flow, from step change from single power circuit transmission is arranged.

Generally speaking, advantage such as driving efficiency height, cost are low though the mechanical type transmission has, compact conformation is difficult to obtain the perfect drive characteristic of stepless automatic transmission.Even exist the mechanical continuously-variable transmission (CVT) of some types at present, also because they in fact all are based on frictional transmission, ability and on the low side, the available variator ratio range of efficient with transmitting torque and power (are the slowest ratio i of system _MaxWith minimum speed ratio i _MinRatio R _b) shortcoming such as quite limited, thereby generally only be suitable for power demand and little liter-car and the motor bike of ratio coverage, or other need to transmit the purposes or the occasion of smaller powers.Be under the situation of propulsion source with the combustion engine, the characteristics of the electric tramsmission almost characteristics with the mechanical type transmission are just in time opposite: it has the perfect drive characteristic that is easy to arrange, be easy to control, be easy to obtain stepless automatic transmission, advantages such as the ability of transmitting torque and power and variator ratio range are bigger, but there are shortcomings such as cost is higher, volume and weight is bigger than normal, driving efficiency is low slightly.At present electric tramsmission mainly has some application on large-scale heavy duty, expensive mechanical system (be as load carrying ability tens of tons large-scale apparatus of transport etc.).

The objective of the invention is to found the sectional continuous stepless automatic speed-changing system that a class mechanical/electrical two-way confluxes, its comprehensively sublated excellent, shortcoming of mechanical drive and electric tramsmission, purposes is broad, particularly can be fit to conventional car and light, compact car usage condition, driving efficiency is higher, cost is lower, the comparatively light compactness of structure, arrange flexibly, be easy to control to have the perfect drive characteristic of automatic stepless speed change in wide variator ratio range.

The objective of the invention is to realize by following measure:

The sectional continuous stepless automatic speed-changing system that mechanical/electrical two-way confluxes, comprise power dividing mechanism, the unidirectional planet row (group) of confluxing, move section mechanism and electronic control package certainly, it is characterized in that: mechanical/electrical power dividing mechanism, bidirectional collection planet row organize assembly and multi-segment is provided with as follows respectively from moving section mechanism:

(1) mechanical/electrical power dividing mechanism is provided with mechanical drive shunt in parallel and electric tramsmission shunt, wherein is provided with electrical generator, electrical motor, controller and circuit in the electric tramsmission shunt;

(2) bidirectional collection planet row organizes assembly and is provided with at least one forward and a reverse single planetary row;

(3) can realize forward and reverse planet row or planet row group in turn the multi-segment of fragmentary works from moving section mechanism, be provided with two or more different fixed axis gears of fixed speed ratio to one or more from the section of moving actr, following service conditions is satisfied in the design of this mechanism:

A, can implement section successively by the ordering of each section fixed speed ratio size and back and forth change;

The section switching point of b, the automatic guidance section of changing or the section of changing constantly, when being chosen in electric tramsmission the rotating speed of electrical motor back and forth being changed to its regulation maxim or minimum value along separate routes;

The distribution of c, each section fixed speed ratio must make any adjacent two intersegmental carrying out the moment that section switches: if the section of changing actr is contained on the driven shaft, then these two sections go to zero from the speed discrepancy between the section of moving gear; If the section of changing actr is contained on the imput shaft, then the speed discrepancy between these the two sections active section of changing gears goes to zero.

The described mechanical/electrical two-way sectional continuous stepless automatic speed-changing system that confluxes, its bidirectional collection planet row organizes assembly to have two and selects power take-off shaft fully, and is one of following composition mode:

(1) combines by a forward single planetary row and a reverse single planetary row;

(2) the reverse planet row who is made up of a forward single planetary row and two and two above single planetary rows combines;

(3) a forward planet row group and a reverse single planetary row of being made up of two and two above single planetary rows combines;

(4) the reverse planet formed of the forward planet row group of being made up of two and two above single planetary rows and two and two above single planetary rows is arranged and is combined.

The sectional continuous stepless automatic speed-changing system that the mechanical/electrical two-way that the present invention proposes confluxes, its basic thought is: the mechanical horsepower from propulsion source is divided into one tunnel (or multichannel) mechanical drive power circuit and one tunnel electric tramsmission power circuit by diversion mechanism; Machinery and electric tramsmission power is along separate routes organized assembly by bidirectional collection planet row again and is confluxed, the rotating speed of two output shafts that conflux of this assembly and electric tramsmission be the relation of motor speed along separate routes, be monotonic increasing function and monotone decreasing function respectively, promptly be respectively the forward and reverse axle that confluxes; From moving section mechanism, alternately the power on the above-mentioned forward and reverse axle that confluxes is exported downstream then with a plurality of different fixing speed ratios.For reducing along separate routes power load rate of electric tramsmission, raising the efficiency, motor speed is controlled in narrow relatively transmission and efficiently distinguishes n _Min n _MaxIn, as-n _D0 0 +n _D0Or regulation other is the highest, minimum speed is regional, does reciprocal stepless variation; Form the continuous output speed of branch multistage by switch active section in good time simultaneously, the total converter speed ratio of system is extended to the scope of enough broadnesses with different fixing speed ratio.

Must rationally construct at least by a forward and planet row of oppositely confluxing for this reason and link by partial component and the bidirectional collection planet row that forms jointly organizes assembly; And in the downstream of two output shafts of this assembly, configuration have the different fixing speed ratio many active sections (being similar to common change-speed box it " gear ") move section mechanism certainly, make the forward and reverse planet row of confluxing (or planet row group) piecewise output by turns.The even forward then oppositely bus duct idle running of planet row work of confluxing, or vice versa; And when conflux a planet row wherein withdraws from and when changing idle running over to from the work at present section with a certain fixed speed ratio, another planet row of confluxing just can be smooth-going or be had the ground of impact and be connected and enter the adjacent active section with another fixed speed ratio, needn't interrupt power transmission when making the section of changing.

The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage:

1, the present invention's excellent, shortcoming of mechanical drive and electric tramsmission of comprehensively sublating, practical, Applicable scope is broad, theoretical driving efficiency is higher, and cost is lower, is easy to arrange, control, possesses the perfect drive characteristic of stepless automatic transmission.

2, of the present invention from moving that section mechanism is followed uniqueness and reasonable parameter is determined criterion, can be smooth-going under the condition of not cutting off power, do not have the ground of impact from the section of moving, guarantee the infinite variable speed realization of wide region.

3, the present invention has fabulous market outlook, is particularly suitable for conventional car and usage condition light, compact car, also is applicable at environmental protection and energy-conservation and combustion engine/electrical motor hybrid power driven vehicles that develop, and will more helps the performance of its usefulness.

4, of the present invention from moving section mechanism, if make in the time of can selecting switching person in the automatic/hand mode and select manual mode when grade hand-operated transmission is arranged (or change system into routine), system just is transformed into the segmentation toric transmission that certain semi-automatic mechanical/electrical two-way confluxes.Promptly the work section of system is determined with certain manual type and is switched at this moment, but still the stepless automatic transmission under each section of working, realizing more among a small circle.Such change-speed box still can be kept artificial step change when electric tramsmission loses efficacy along separate routes, utilize these characteristics can improve reliability, comformability and the safety of system.

The element and the fundamental diagram of the sectional continuous stepless automatic speed-changing system that Fig. 1 confluxes for mechanical/electrical two-way;

Fig. 2 organizes the transmission diagram of the sectional continuous stepless automatic speed-changing system of bidirectional collection for a kind of mechanical/electrical two planet rows;

Fig. 3 is that forward and reverse speed ratio i+, the i-of confluxing of system shown in Figure 2 is with electric tramsmission speed ratio i _DeThe rule figure that changes;

Fig. 4 is system shown in Figure 2 overall ratio i ₉₄Continuous Changing Pattern figure;

Fig. 5 is the transmission sketch that can be used for a kind of three planets row bidirectional collection assembly of the sectional continuous stepless automatic speed-changing system that mechanical/electrical two-way confluxes.

By following embodiment and accompanying drawing thereof the present invention is described in further detail:

Embodiment 1:

As shown in Figure 1, the sectional continuous stepless automatic speed-changing system that confluxes of mechanical/electrical two-way is all organized assembly 2 by mechanical/electrical diversion mechanism 1, bidirectional collection planet row and is moved three parts such as section mechanism 3 certainly and electronic control package is formed.

Mechanical/electrical diversion mechanism 1 is to be formed in parallel along separate routes by mechanical drive shunt and electric tramsmission, and wherein electric tramsmission is provided with electrical generator G, controller F, electrical motor D and circuit along separate routes.

The frame of broken lines 1 of Fig. 1 is the mechanical/electrical diversion mechanism, from the power of propulsion source from the axle I ' after the input, in some way (as by fixed axis gear Z1, Z2 etc.) be split into two-way, wherein one the tunnel directly by transmission shaft or other forms, mechanically are delivered to the input shaft a of assembly 2 with fixing speed ratio; The electric tramsmission shunt that another road then constitutes via electrical generator G, controller F, circuit and electrical motor D etc. in the power formal transformation process that has experienced " machine-electricity-machine " and after being implemented speed governing, is delivered to another input shaft b of assembly 2.

Bidirectional collection row organizes assembly 2 and is coupled to each other by partial component by forward and reverse two planets rows (group) at least and forms, different with general two degrees of freedom and multiple degree of freedom planetary transmission, it has 4 I/O ends, promptly two input shaft a, b and forward, oppositely conflux output shaft a ', b ' can synthesize simultaneously with b axle rotation speed n _bAnd change and be proportional to input speed n _I, two different output speed n that conflux _a, n _b.N wherein _a, draw from the forward of the assembly 2 planet row mouth that confluxes, be n _bIncreasing function; And n _{B '}Drawing from the planet row mouth that oppositely confluxes of assembly 2, is n _b Subtraction function.Assembly 2 passes through two rotating shafts of a ', b ' and moves section mechanism 3 certainly and link to each other.

Formed by many actrs of the section of moving certainly from moving section mechanism 3 the fixed shaft type section of changing gear and electromagnetism or hydraulic actuation, its principle of work is, the regulation and control instruction d that the acceptance section of changing electronic control unit provides according to operating mode, can be by I II III IV ... section order, successively, the section of jumping ground is implemented from low to high, section from high to low back and forth changes, alternately is selected one of a ' axle or b ' axle, its rotary motive power and motion are passed to the output shaft II with different speed ratios ', then to follow-up messenger chain output.Corresponding to the arrangement from low to high of work section, speed ratio also is designed to change from small to large; But be designed to by the forward or the different situations of reverse bus duct work according to the I section, the mode of confluxing correspondingly can be by " is reverse for the reverse forward of forward ... " or " the reverse reverse forward of forward ... " put in order and replace.For sake of convenience, below suppose that all the I section is designed to that forward confluxes, when the section of promptly working changes from low to high successively by " forward → oppositely → forward → oppositely ... " the mode of confluxing alternately.

Usually machine system the unloading phase, as the vehicle starting stage, require that bigger reduction ratio is arranged (by the definition of this specification sheets, promptly require to have less speed ratio---it is the inverse of reduction ratio), so that obtain bigger low rate start torque.Be operated in the I section that forward confluxes from moving section mechanism 3 at this moment, the power of a ' axle be delivered to the output shaft II with the speed ratio (i.e. Zui Da reduction ratio) of minimum, maximum torque ' and allow b ' axle dally; In this process, electrical motor D accepts the instruction c of himself ECU (Electrical Control Unit), rotation speed n _bFrom specified minimum value (as-n _D0) improve gradually, constantly near the positive peak of regulation (as+n _D0), cause output speed n _{II '}With n _bRaise and constantly raise.Work as n _bReach regulation maxim (n _D0) time, move the instruction d that section mechanism 3 is accepted himself ECU (Electrical Control Unit) certainly, the II section work that incision is oppositely confluxed makes idle running of a ' axle and little in proper order speed ratio (i.e. time big reduction ratio), less torque be delivered to the output shaft II to b ' power '; N meanwhile _bAlso Be Controlled from the regulation positive peak and is descended gradually, approaches to the regulation minimum value, causes the output shaft II ' on rotation speed n _II, with n _bReduce and the rising that keeps.If the speed adjustable range that needs is bigger, can also set up III, IV or more work section, for example at II section n _bThe incision forward III section of confluxing when reaching minimum value, allow the idle running of b ' axle and with bigger speed ratio (promptly littler reduction ratio), littler torque the power of a ' axle is delivered to the output shaft II ', and n _bChange to maximum from minimum again, make the output shaft rotation speed n _II, further constantly rise ...Certainly, if take opposite step, also can make the speed ratio and the output speed n of system _{II '}By height to the lowland change continuously, output torque raises piecemeal.This shows, make n like this _bThe reciprocal piecemeal speed ratio that changes, moves certainly section mechanism 3 changes piecemeal and the forward and reverse mode of confluxing is rotated piecemeal, just can realize the speed ratio and the output speed n of total system _IIAdjustable continuously in desired setting range, and be permanent power drive characteristic piecemeal approx.

Fig. 2 is the concrete transmission scheme of the sectional continuous stepless automatic speed-changing system that confluxes of a routine mechanical/electrical two-way, and it mainly is suitable for car, Light-duty Vehicle etc.Frame of broken lines shown in Figure 2 partly is used for replacing the former change-speed box part of automobile.The connecting relation of its main parts size and function are:

Diversion mechanism at first: the output shaft 4 of the driving engine among Fig. 2, clutch assembly E, have be equivalent to I among Fig. 1 ' function of axle, it is connected with gear Z1, is fixed in function with Z1 mating gear Z2 and is equivalent on the sleeve 5 of a axle among Fig. 1; Axle 4 also links to each other with electrical generator G by plunging joint.Mechanical horsepower from driving engine, clutch assembly E is split into two-way, wherein leading up to axle 4, gear mesh Z1/Z2 is passed to the sleeve 5 of internal system, and, be directly inputted to the bidirectional collection planet row who constitutes by first and second liang of planets rows and organize assembly by linking with sleeve 5 and the planetary members j1 of rotation coaxial with it; Another road is converted into electric power after by axle 4, electrical generator G; Via lead and DC/AC inversion and control and executive module F and electrical motor D coupling; If it is more than needed that the electric energy that electrical generator G produces still has except that driving motor D, more than needed partly the processing after pass to storage battery Cell by lead and store fully and use it for anything else by module F.System also is provided with processing with dashed lines arrow in Fig. 2 and represents, regulates and control unit ECU1 from the electric tramsmission of the signal that reflects each sensor of car load operating mode, and the motor speed adjustment instruction that it provides also is connected to module F by control signal wire.The pivot of electrical motor D links through plunging joint and axle 6, and it is equivalent to the axle b among Fig. 1, can rotate with respect to sleeve 5.Be connected with two gear t1, t2 on the axle 6, will be transferred to the planet row of confluxing through the mechanical horsepower of speed governing by axle 6 and organize assembly as planet row sun wheel.See that then bidirectional collection planet row organizes assembly: first planet row be made up of sun wheel t1, pinion carrier j1, gear ring q1 and planetary wheel x1 etc., and planet row characteristic parameter is k1; Second planet row be made up of sun wheel t2, pinion carrier j2, gear ring q2 and planetary wheel x2 etc., and planet row characteristic parameter is k2; The member that they all satisfy general single planetary row is coupled to each other relation.In addition, first planet row's pinion carrier j1 (as by connecting modes such as spline or flat keys) the also coaxial rotation that links with axle 5 in its left side, link to each other with the second planet toothrow circle q2 on its right side and to become one, member q1 links by spline or flat key and the sleeve 7 that oppositely confluxes, sleeve 7 is equivalent to the b ' axle among Fig. 2, is connected with driving gear Z3, Z5 on it; Member j2 (by spline or flat key etc.) and the forward axle 8 that confluxes links, and axle 8 is equivalent to a ' axle among Fig. 2, can rotate and be connected with driving gear Z7, Z9, Z11 relative to sleeve 7.Driven gear Z4, Z6, Z8, Z12 on the axle 9 are meshed with driving gear Z3, Z5, Z7, Z11 accordingly, and the driven gear Z10 on the axle 9 then is meshed with driving gear Z9 by an intermediate gear (idle pulley), forms a reverse gear.See at last from moving section mechanism: it is made up of the many actr of the section of moving certainly r, s, the t etc. to the fixed shaft type section of changing gear Z3～Z12, electromagnetism or hydraulic actuation on axle 7, axle 8 and the output shaft 9 of Fig. 3.The axle 9 output shaft II that are equivalent among Fig. 2 ', certainly the section of moving actr (shift sleeve or power-transfer clutch etc.) r, s, the t of electromagnetism or hydraulic actuation also are housed on it, their action is controlled (ECU2 can implement the partial information exchange with ECU1 or share, even both can be made one) by the section of changing ECU (Electrical Control Unit) ECU2.Two actrs of r, s have three working positions in left, center, right, will connect the corresponding driven gear and axle 9 coaxial rotations on its left side or right side when being in a left side or right position, and the driven gear of both sides will be enclosed within idle running on the axle 9 when being in meta; During actr t has, right two working positions, will connect a driven gear Z12 and 9 a coaxial rotation when being in right position, driven gear Z12 dallies when being in meta.

Definite method that section total number and each section speed ratio value are distributed is by electrical motor working speed scope (the highest, minimum speed n in the electric tramsmission shunt _DmaxAnd n _Dmin) the mode difference choosing or determine, can be different, but its basic norm is should be able to continuously smooth or have the ground of impact and realize the section of changing.Promptly as motor speed n _DBack and forth be changed to regulation maxim n _DmaxOr minimum value n _DminIn the time of need the section of changing, should make output shaft (as the axle 9 of this example) go up two driven gears corresponding to relevant two adjacent segment (as Z12 and the Z4 the when Z6 the when Z8 during the I II section of changing and Z6 or the II III section of changing and Z12 or the III IV section of changing in this example), can reach rotating speed just and equate.Now by present embodiment to this brief description in addition.

Present embodiment power taking engine operation range of speed ± n _D0Be proportional to engine speed n _eAnd change i.e. n _Dmax=n _D0=kn _e, n _Dmin=-n _D0=-kn _e, wherein k is a constant of proportionality, is taken as 1 in this example.This is equivalent to be provided with " electric tramsmission speed ratio " i between engine output shaft and motor shaft _De, its variation range is ± k (this example is ± 1).Use for reference general vehicular transmission and determine the method for ratio coverage, can determine lowest segment speed ratio i earlier _I(and reverse gear ratio i _R) and latter end speed ratio i _n:

1) lowest segment i _IAnd reverse gear i _RMaximum resistance according to vehicle start and reversing is determined.As corresponding i _ITheoretical speed of a motor vehicle v _MinFor $v_{\min }=\frac{3600{\mathrm{\&eta;P}}_{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="min\; f"\; filenames="A0110758800131.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">min</figure-callout>}}}{f_{}},\mathrm{km}/h\left(1\right)$ In the formula: G (N) is a complete vehicle quality, f _0maxFor having counted the road total drag coefficients of maximum gradient resistance, η is the transmission system net effciency, P _Min(kW) can provide the little person of tractive output for driving engine and electric tramsmission.According to engine speed n _e, speed of a motor vehicle v, vehicle wheel roll radius r _dWith transmission system overall ratio i _ΣBetween following relationship: $i_{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}=\frac{v}{0.377r_d\&CenterDot;n_e}\left(2\right)$ Bring v into _MinObtain i _ΣAfter, i is easy to get _I=i _Σ/ i ₀, its i ₀In be the known fixed speed ratio (as main gear speed ratio etc.) of transmission system.

2) the latter end speed ratio i of transmission _nSize also can be by theoretical maximum speed v _MaxDecision.If f ₀Be the good road resistance coefficient that comprises light grade, then can provide maximum tractive output P corresponding to transmission _Max(kW) attainable maximum speed v _MaxFor $v_{\max }=\frac{{3600\mathrm{\&eta;P}}_{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="max\; f"\; filenames="A0110758800131.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">max</figure-callout>}}}{f_{}},\mathrm{km}/h\left(3\right)$ Bring v into _MaxAfter obtaining i Σ to (2) formula, the theoretical velocity ratio that equally easily draws latter end is i _n=i _Σ/ i ₀If when motor speed reaches maximum, is n _D=n _D0The time, be designated as i by dynamic assembly output shaft (axle 4) to the conflux speed ratio of axle (spool 8) of forward _{+ max}, be designated as i to the speed ratio of the axle (axle 7) that oppositely confluxes _-maxWhen motor speed reaches minimum or negative maximum, is n _D=-n _D0The time, cooresponding speed ratio is designated as i _{+ min}And i _-minSubscript+number table confluxes, shows for No. one to conflux by reverse (k1) planet row by forward (k2) planet row, and subscript m ax, min table motor speed reaches maximum, minimum value.Then satisfying following formula (4) comes one by one recursion to determine II, III, IV ... wait speed ratio (ratio of number of teeth) i of each interlude gear mesh _II, i _III, i _IV, will make " continuously smooth or have impact ground realize the section of changing " to become possibility, constantly promptly, can lucky rotating speed equal on the output shaft corresponding to two driven gears of relevant two adjacent segment in the section of changing.The subscript m section of being item in the formula, for example m=1 refers to the I active section, the rest may be inferred by analogy.

i _mI _{+ max}=i _M+1I _-max, m=I, III, V ... (odd number section) (4)

i _mI _-min=i _M+1I _{+ min}, m=II, IV, VI ... (even number section) following formula is suitable for resembling this class of Fig. 2 (I) section of alternately confluxing first of the mode and (promptly press forward → oppositely → forward → reverse for the forward person of confluxing ... replace the person); Section first of the mode of alternately confluxing be the person of oppositely not confluxing, tackle following formula and do following change slightly

i _mI _-min=i _M+1I _{+ min}, m=I, III, V ... (odd number section)

i _mI _{+ max}=i _M+1I _-max, m=II, IV, VI ... (even number section) (4 ') determines i rationally _I, i _nAnd after planet row parameter k1, the k2 etc., can the definite i that covers of recursion by formula (4) or (4 ') _I～i _nSection number that scope is required and the speed ratio of each section.

If system shown in Figure 2 is taken off row parameter: i ₅₄=Z4/Z5=1, first planet row's characteristic parameter k ₁=2.94, second planet row's characteristic parameter k ₂=1+k ₁=3.94, and decide i ₁=0.4529.Theoretical by planet row, in the upstream of system outlet axle 9, the conflux speed ratio of (axle 4 is to axle 8) of system's forward can show to be i ₊=i ₅₄(i _De+ k ₂)/(1+k ₂), the conflux speed ratio of (axle 4 to spool 7) of system reverse then shows to be i_=i ₅₄(1+k ₁-i _De)/k ₁

Fig. 3 is given in i under the above-mentioned parameter ₊=i ₈₄, i_=i ₇₄With i _DeThe rule that changes.Get each section speed ratio i by formula (4) _I=i _II=0.4529, i _m=i _IV=1.3723, promptly the section of the changing gear mesh of I and II, III and IV section can be made into exchange part, cost-cutting.The overall ratio i of system ₉₄With i _DeThe relation that changes is shown in Fig. 4 (a); Fig. 4 (b) then presses section to Fig. 4 (a) and launches, and clearly illustrates that system's overall ratio changes by the hyperbola rule that satisfies constant output characteristic continuously with section is approximate.System's overall ratio region of variation under above-mentioned parameter is 0.2695～2.4745, speed range R _b≈ 9.182, are enough to cover the operating needs scope of general car or Light-duty Vehicle.Can change i as required in addition ₅₄Value adjust the overlay area of total converter speed ratio, but R _bConstant.Also can push away this example, at electric tramsmission converter speed ratio i _DeIn=± 1 scope, electric tramsmission shunt institute transmitted power accounts for the ratio of systems communicate gross horsepower, to all changing in 20～0～34% forward and reverse confluxing.As seen adopt electric tramsmission shunt than small dimension (being about gross horsepower 1/3), just can be to the more high-power enforcement infinite speed variation of systems communicate.This densification to system, lightweight and reduction are all very favourable to the requirement of structural strength.

If make electrical motor be confined to regional work more efficiently and its power proportion of bearing transmission is further descended, can suitably narrow i _DeRegulation bound scope, at this moment need join again and calculate i _I～i _IV, R _bAlso can descend to some extent.If dislike R _bBig inadequately, increase by 1～2 section and get final product.

Embodiment 2

Be that an example is organized assembly by the bidirectional collection row that three planet rows constitute as shown in Figure 5, only have two planet row persons in its alternative scheme shown in Figure 2.Fig. 5 is that it connects and the transmission sketch, comprises three planet rows of k3, k4 and k5, and its axis 5,6,7,8 is corresponding one by one with the namesake among Fig. 2.Through simple analysis as can be known, forward and all have when oppositely confluxing two planets rows to participate in work: k4 simultaneously and two rows of k5 have constituted compound forward bus duct is from axle 8 outputs; Two rows of k3 and k4 have constituted compound reverse bus duct, from axle 7 outputs.This bidirectional collection row organizes the principal feature of assembly, be to make the power circuit of sharing in the electric tramsmission shunt littler, but the variator ratio range of bus duct mouth also can be smaller, more section can be set in changing section mechanism in case of necessity enlarge total variator ratio range.Other parts are all identical with embodiment 1.

Claims (2)

1, the sectional continuous stepless automatic speed-changing system that confluxes of mechanical/electrical two-way, comprise power dividing mechanism, the unidirectional planet row (group) of confluxing, move section mechanism and electronic control package certainly, it is characterized in that: mechanical/electrical power dividing mechanism, bidirectional collection planet row organize assembly and multi-segment is provided with as follows respectively from moving section mechanism:

(1) mechanical/electrical power dividing mechanism is provided with mechanical drive shunt in parallel and electric tramsmission shunt, wherein is provided with electrical generator, electrical motor, controller and circuit in the electric tramsmission shunt;

(2) bidirectional collection planet row organizes assembly and is provided with at least one forward and a reverse single planetary row;

(3) can realize forward and reverse planet row or planet row group in turn the multi-segment of fragmentary works from moving section mechanism, be provided with two or more different fixed axis gears of fixed speed ratio to one or more from the section of moving actr, following service conditions is satisfied in the design of this mechanism:

A, can implement section successively by the ordering of each section fixed speed ratio size and back and forth change;

The section switching point of b, the automatic guidance section of changing or the section of changing constantly, when being chosen in electric tramsmission the rotating speed of electrical motor back and forth being changed to its regulation maxim or minimum value along separate routes;

The distribution of c, each section fixed speed ratio must make any adjacent two intersegmental carrying out the moment that section switches: if the section of changing actr is contained on the driven shaft, then these two sections go to zero from the speed discrepancy between the section of moving gear; If the section of changing actr is contained on the imput shaft, then the speed discrepancy between these the two sections active section of changing gears goes to zero.

2, the sectional continuous stepless automatic speed-changing system that confluxes of mechanical/electrical two-way according to claim 1 is characterized in that: bidirectional collection planet row organizes assembly to have two and selects power take-off shaft fully, and is one of following composition mode:

(1) combines by a forward single planetary row and a reverse single planetary row;

(2) the reverse planet row who is made up of a forward single planetary row and two and two above single planetary rows combines;

(3) a forward planet row group and a reverse single planetary row of being made up of two and two above single planetary rows combines;

(4) the reverse planet formed of the forward planet row group of being made up of two and two above single planetary rows and two and two above single planetary rows is arranged and is combined.

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