CN100374760C - Large power electric control clutch method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of mechanical transmission, particularly to a large-power electric control clutch method and a device for automobiles, engineering machinery, machine tools, etc. which need automatic power transfer engagement and disengagement. Input power is divided into two paths by a gear separation box (1); one path is directly inputted to a planet gear mechanism (4) by a coupling shaft (2); the power of the other path is transferred by the engagement and the disengagement of an electromagnetic clutch (5) by the other coupling shaft (3); only when the electromagnetic clutch (5) is engaged and both of the power of the two paths are inputted to the planet gear mechanism (4), the power can be outputted after confluence by the planet gear mechanism (4). The present invention can realize high-power engagement and disengagement by a small-power electromagnetic clutch and can easily realize automatic control.

Description

Use the small power electric magnet clutch and realize the method and the device of high-power power break-make

Technical field

The present invention relates to mechanical transmissioning technology field, particularly automobile, engineering machinery, lathe etc. needs to engage automatically and the large power electric control clutch method and the device that cut off transmission of power.

Background technique

For transmission of power, the occasion of especially high-power transmission of power, the joint of power is absolutely necessary with cutting off control, or even very frequent.Current, general working power joint and cutting control device mainly contain two kinds of friction disk type mechanical clutch and magnetic clutchs on the market.The transmission of power of motor is used common friction disk type mechanical clutch basically on the automobile, only uses magnetic clutch in small-power occasions such as air condition compressor, radiator fans.But mechanical clutch is difficult to realize automatic control; And magnetic clutch is because the restriction that is subjected to material, produces the aspects such as electromagnetic coil power, mounting process of impacting force, and generally all there is the transmitted power smaller defect in the magnetic clutch that uses on the current market.Current magnetic clutch is mainly used in the occasions that operating conditions is relatively stable, transmitted power is lower such as lathe, textile manufacturing machine, and its transmitted power is generally below 10kw.To magnetic clutch, when also existing transmitting torque to increase, rotating speed then allowable descends, and rotating speed allowable raises, the problem of the moment of torsion decline of then transmitting.Therefore, retrievable in the market magnetic clutch can not satisfy the moment of torsion and all higher occasion of rotating speed of this working conditions change complexity of automobile, transmission, simultaneously, does not also see relevant technical paper report.

Summary of the invention

Purpose of the present invention is intended to overcome the defective of above-mentioned prior art, propose the low power magnetic clutch of a kind of application and realize powerful power joint and cutting-off method and device, can be used for resembling big, all higher occasion of rotating speed of moment of torsion of transmission of power working conditions change complexity such as automobile, transmission.

The present invention uses low power magnetic clutch and realizes that powerful power engages and the purpose of cutting-off method is achieved in that

The joint of power: behind the power input gear current divider box, to import power from gear current divider box 1 and be divided into two-way, lead up to joining shaft one 2 direct input planet gear mechanisms 4, another road is by the joint of magnetic clutch 5, with power by joining shaft 23 input planet gear mechanisms 4; The two-way power of input planet gear mechanism 4 is exported after planetary gears 4 confluxes.

The cut-out of power: behind the power input gear current divider box, to import power from gear current divider box 1 and be divided into two-way, lead up to joining shaft one 2 input planet gear mechanisms 4, another road is through being in the magnetic clutch 5 of off state, do not have power through joining shaft 23 outputs, planetary gears 4 does not have power output.Power cut between whole power input and the output.

Use low power magnetic clutch for the present invention and realize that powerful power engages and the device that cuts off, above-mentioned technical problem is to solve like this:

Described device comprises gear current divider box 1, planetary gears 4 and magnetic clutch 5; Described gear current divider box 1 matches by the gear ring of joining shaft 2 with planetary gears 4; Gear current divider box 1 also matches with the sun gear of planetary gears 4 by magnetic clutch 5 and the joining shaft 23 that control power engages and cuts off.

Working principle:

The present invention can realize that powerful power engages and cuts off with low power magnetic clutch, its principle is to have shunted most of power by a joining shaft, therefore, controlling the power that power engages and the coupling shaft of disconnection transmits by magnetic clutch only is the sub-fraction of input power.Theoretical foundation is as follows:

Can establish: the motive force output power is P ₁, output speed is n ₁, output torque is T ₁

The power of driven object connecting end is P _j, rotating speed is n _j, moment of torsion is T _j

Gear current divider box 1 is P by joining shaft 1 with the power that power directly is sent to planetary gears _q, rotating speed is n _q, moment of torsion is T _q

Gear current divider box 1 is P by the joining shaft 23 by a magnetic clutch 5 its joints of control and cut-out with the sun gear power that power is sent to planetary gears 4 _t, rotating speed is n _t, moment of torsion is T _t

Z ₁-with cog driving gear in the meshed gears current divider box of joining shaft 23;

Z ₂-with Z ₁Gear on the joining shaft 23 of engagement;

Z ₃-with planetary gears cog the engagement joining shaft 1 on gear;

Z ₄-with Z ₃And planetary gears 4 upper ring gear meshed gears;

i ₂₁-Z ₂With Z ₁Between speed ratio;

i ₄₃-Z ₄With Z ₃Between speed ratio;

I-Z ₄With Z ₁Between speed ratio;

n ₁, n ₂, n ₃, n ₄-be respectively gear Z ₁, Z ₂, Z ₃, Z ₄Rotating speed;

n _i, n _q-be respectively the rotating speed of sun gear and gear ring on the planetary gears 4;

K-planet row's special parameter, the i.e. gear ratio of gear ring and sun gear;

It is as follows that optimum clutch under the optimum planet row situation has related parameter to determine;

1, calculates the power of magnetic clutch 5 shunt and the ratio of motive force input power;

Parameter-definition according to the front has:

$i_{21}=\frac{n_1}{n_2}---\left(1\right)$

$i_{43}=\frac{n_3}{n_4}---\left(2\right)$

$i=\frac{i_{43}}{i_{21}}---\left(3\right)$

n _t＝i ₂₁*n ₁ (4)

n _q＝i ₄₃*n ₁ (5)

n _q＝i*n _t (6)

Moment of torsion and rating formula according to planetary mechanism in the Der Grundsatz der Maschinen have:

$k=\frac{T_q}{T_t},{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="T"\; filenames="C20041007723300101.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">T</figure-callout>}}_1=(1+k)T_t---\left(7\right)$

$\frac{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="P\; t\; P"\; filenames="C20041007723300101.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">P</figure-callout>}}_t}{P_{}}=\frac{1}{1+k*i}---\left(8\right)$

According to formula (8), the watt level of magnetic clutch 5 shunting circuits is relevant with velocity ratio i with planet row special parameter k, and its pass is that the product of the two is big more, and the power proportions of magnetic clutch 5 shunting circuits is more little.

2, calculate the rotating speed of magnetic clutch 5 shunt and the ratio of outputting power rotating speed

By the three-element revolution speed calculating formula of planetary mechanism in the Der Grundsatz der Maschinen, have:

n _t+k*n _q＝(1+k)n _j (9)

With (6) formula substitution (9) formula, have:

n _t(1+k*i)＝(1+k)n _j (10)

According to formula (10), magnetic clutch 5 rotating speed size along separate routes is relevant with the i product with k with planet row special parameter k, and i is big more, and the rotating speed of shunting circuit is more little.Generally speaking, the i value is greater than 1.K is big more, and the rotating speed of shunting circuit is more little.

3, calculate the moment of torsion of magnetic clutch 5 shunt power and the ratio relation of outputting power moment of torsion

The moment of torsion of magnetic clutch 5 shunt and the ratio relation of outputting power moment of torsion are exactly the ratio relation problem of k, by the three-element revolution speed calculating formula of planetary mechanism in the Der Grundsatz der Maschinen, have:

T ₁＝(1+k)T _t (11)

T _j＝(1+k)T _t (12)

The moment of torsion relation is relevant with k as can be seen from top two representations, because T ₁Or T _jThe value relative fixed, therefore, k is big more, the moment of torsion that magnetic clutch 5 transmits along separate routes is also more little.

About magnetic clutch 5 analysis of three kinetic parameters along separate routes, the parameter K value is big more as can be known above, and the moment of torsion that the power that magnetic clutch 5 is exported along separate routes is more little, rotating speed is low more, transmit is more little.By getting certain k value, can realize purpose of the present invention.

Advantage of the present invention:

1,, can realize that powerful power engages and cuts off by low power magnetic clutch;

2, owing to having adopted magnetic clutch, so be easy to realize automatic control;

The main parts size of gear current divider box, joining shaft, planetary gears and the magnetic clutch that 3, the present invention relates to is the off-the-shelf that can buy on the market, and whole device is easy to realize.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 uses the structural representation that the small power electric magnet clutch is realized the device of high-power power break-make.

Fig. 2 uses the device Placement schematic representation that the small power electric magnet clutch is realized high-power power break-make

Embodiment

Embodiment 1

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

Motive force is powerful motor, and driven object is a generator.

Use the small power electric magnet clutch and realize that the device of high-power power break-make is made of planetary gears 4, gear current divider box 1, magnetic clutch 5.Described planetary gears 4 is the planetary gears of 2DOF single planetary row, and gear current divider box 1 is that a pair of fixed axis gear engagement constitutes, and magnetic clutch 5 is monolithic or multidisc magnetic clutch 5.Gear current divider box 1 matches by the gear ring of joining shaft 1 with planetary gears 4; Gear current divider box 1 also matches with the sun gear of planetary gears 4 by magnetic clutch 5 and the joining shaft 23 that control power engages and cuts off.

According to top analysis about three kinetic parameters of magnetic clutch 5 shunt, parameter k value is big more as can be seen, and the power that magnetic clutch 5 transmits along separate routes is more little, rotating speed is low more, moment of torsion is more little.With regard to the situation of the clutch of widespread usage in the reality,, determine the selection of magnetic clutch 5 in the present embodiment below by power, rotating speed, three CALCULATION OF PARAMETERS of moment of torsion:

1, power determines

In general, the value of the special parameter k of planetary mechanism is got k=4 2～4 better, and according to formula (8), magnetic clutch 5 is shunting power ratio and the negative correlativing relations that become of gear engagement than i along separate routes.

By above-mentioned analysis, get k=4, this group parameter of i=2 is analyzed, and the ratio that the power in clutch shunting power loop accounts for total transmitted power is 0.1111, is equivalent to 1/9.The transmitted power of as seen required clutch is little.If the power that transmits is 50kw, then the power of magnetic clutch 55 transmission only needs 5.556kw.

2, rotating speed determines

The motive force maximum speed is 2011rpm.

By as can be known aforementioned, i=2, k=4, according to ordinary circumstance, desirable i ₂₁=1.4, because general magnetic clutch 5 rotating speeds allowable are 1500～2000rpm, so in order to satisfy usage requirement, adopting slows down to increase to turn round mates magnetic clutch 5 rotating speeds.Get i ₄₃=2.8, according to formula (10), in the process of magnetic clutch 5 shunt transmitted powers, its rotating speed is up to 1800rpm.

3, moment of torsion determines

The Maximum Torque of known motive force output is 280N.m, and according to formula (11), the moment of torsion maximum value that clutch transmits along separate routes is 58N.m.

According to aforementioned calculation, carry out 50kw, the 280N.m rotating speed is the motive force transmission of 2011rpm, only needing to select power be that 10kw, rotating speed are that 1800rpm, transmitting torque are the DLD6-60 type magnetic clutch 5 of 58N.m, its safety coefficient is 1.37.If select DLD6-80, safety coefficient can reach 2.76.This device can be used for the transmission of power of light car motor fully.

Embodiment 2

Carry out 100kw, the 560N.m rotating speed is the motive force transmission of 2011rpm.Large power electric control clutch device middle gear current divider box 1 and planetary gears 4 are with embodiment 1.Magnetic clutch 5 is far selected as follows:

Analytic process according to embodiment 1, only needing to select power is that 15kw, rotating speed are that 1800rpm, transmitting torque are the DLD6-120 type magnetic clutch 55 of 120N.m, its safety coefficient is 1.35, if select DLD6-160, safety coefficient can reach 1.79, can satisfy the usage requirement that the intermediate engine power transmits fully.

By above analysis as can be known, only select one can transmit smaller power, than the magnetic clutch of the slow-speed of revolution, less moment of torsion, can satisfy cut-out and Engagement Control, and be easy to realize automatic control the power of high-power, high rotating speed, high pulling torque.

Claims (5)

1. use the method that the small power electric magnet clutch is realized high-power power break-make for one kind, it is characterized in that realizing the joint of power: will import power from gear current divider box (1) and be divided into two-way, and lead up to joining shaft one (2) input planet gear mechanism (4) by following manner; Another road engages by magnetic clutch (5), and power is passed through joining shaft two (3) input planet gear mechanisms (4); The two-way power of input planet gear mechanism (4) is exported after planetary gears (4) confluxes;

Realize the cut-out of power by following manner: will import power from gear current divider box (1) and be divided into two-way, and lead up to joining shaft one (2) input planet gear mechanism (4); Another road power can have power through joining shaft two (3) outputs by being in off state magnetic clutch (5), and planetary gears (4) can not be realized confluxing, and does not have power output.

2. use the device that the small power electric magnet clutch is realized high-power power break-make for one kind, it is characterized in that described device comprises gear current divider box (1), joining shaft one (2), joining shaft two (3), planetary gears (4) and magnetic clutch (5); Described gear current divider box (1) matches by the gear ring of joining shaft one (2) with planetary gears (4); Gear current divider box (1) also matches with the sun gear of planetary gears (4) by the joint of control power and the magnetic clutch (5) and the joining shaft two (3) of cut-out.

3. a kind of device that the small power electric magnet clutch is realized high-power power break-make of using according to claim 2 is characterized in that described planetary gears (4) is the planetary gears of single planetary row.

4. according to claim 2 or 3 described a kind of devices that the small power electric magnet clutch is realized high-power power break-make of using, it is characterized in that the described current divider box of described row (1) is for being made of a pair of fixed axis gear engagement.

5. a kind of device that the small power electric magnet clutch is realized high-power power break-make of using according to claim 4 is characterized in that described magnetic clutch (5) is monolithic or the conventional magnetic clutch of multidisc.

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