CN1316524A - Technology for coking with briquettes while producing spongy iron - Google Patents
Technology for coking with briquettes while producing spongy iron Download PDFInfo
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- CN1316524A CN1316524A CN 01101461 CN01101461A CN1316524A CN 1316524 A CN1316524 A CN 1316524A CN 01101461 CN01101461 CN 01101461 CN 01101461 A CN01101461 A CN 01101461A CN 1316524 A CN1316524 A CN 1316524A
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Abstract
A technology for coking with briquettes while producing spongy iron features that the briquettes and the cold-solidified iron spheres are simultaneously loaded in the charring chamber of coking furnace, the coking gas is used to produce spongy iron, and the high-temp waste gas generated by combustion chamber of coking furnace can be used for electric generation or drying materials. Its advantages include comprehensive utilization of resources, no environmental pollution, short coking period and high productivity.
Description
The present invention relates to coking of shaping coal, reduction method producing sponge iron and coking high-temp waste gas are recycled production technology, specifically are the combinations of above production technology.
Known cokery is made up of gas-fired heating chamber, coking chamber, regenerator or Heat Room, and is equipped with necessary process machinery equipment such as coal loader, pushing machine, coke guide, quenching car.Its main technique is: by gas-fired heating chamber heating silica fire resistant brick wall, the furnace wall secluding air also conducts thermal radiation to the clean fine coal in the coking chamber of being packed into by coal loader, clean fine coal under the condition of high temperature secluding air through about 16 hours the progressively dried coke of sauting, after the coke maturation, open pusher side and coke side fire door, by pushing machine sophisticated coke is pushed out to coke guide, the quenching car of packing into is transported to the coke quenching tower quenching, output finished product coke.Ordinary coke can only be produced with cokery, formed coke can not be produced.
Shaft furnace device and production method that the coal-based direct reduction method is produced sponge iron have been finished in the development of Beijing metallurgical equipment research institute, and declared national patent (number of patent application is respectively 96205053 and 98119030), its main technique route is: 1) fine iron breeze mixes stirring with binding agent, dry after the compression moulding, it is standby to make the cold bonded iron pelletizing; 2) coal dust mixes with tackiness agent, and it is standby to be pressed into moulded coal; 3) cold bonded iron pelletizing, special-purpose moulded coal, fritter bituminous coal and little lump lime are mixed by a certain percentage after, add in the reduction shaft furnace, produce coal gas through outer heating and internal heating (anoxycausis coal), by coal gas the cold bonded iron pelletizing directly is reduced into sponge iron, surplus gas is used for outer heating; 4) sponge iron and cinder are realized separating after screening and magnetic separation, and sponge iron can be used for steel-making and casts, and cinder is divided into semicoke and lime-ash again, and semicoke can be done fuel, and lime-ash can be as building materials and the raw material of paving the way.Direct-reduction process is produced sponge iron and produced sponge iron and compare with coal-based method rotary kiln, tunnel furnace, rotary hearth furnace, and is effective, simple and reliable, have occupation of land less, investment is little, production cost is low advantage.But the moulded coal that this technology is packed into can only be produced semicoke, can not produce formed coke, and the use range of semicoke and value are all far away less than formed coke.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of cokery that utilizes and produce formed coke, the sponge iron of coproduction simultaneously, and the coking high-temp waste gas can be used to dry the processing method of clean fine coal, powdered iron ore, moulded coal and cold bonded iron pelletizing, reaches the abundant high-efficiency comprehensive utilization of resource.
The technical scheme that the present invention at first solves is a coking of shaping coal coproduction sponge iron, and promptly moulded coal and cold bonded iron pelletizing are put into the same coking chamber of cokery of producing formed coke simultaneously, through dried saute and reduce after produce formed coke and sponge iron.
Formed coke is to saute production by moulded coal through the cokery charing of producing formed coke is dried.The preparation of moulded coal is at first pressed the purposes and the specification of quality of formed coke and is selected the coal blending scheme, coking coal, lean coal, mill coal, refinery coke, coal-tar pitch etc. are prepared by a certain percentage, wherein raw coal (comprising coking coal, lean coal, mill coal) mixes through the coal washing plant coal washing after cooperating, remove part ash and sulfur, improve the clean fine coal quality, clean fine coal after shuffling dewaters after drying machine drying through press filtration or mummifying pool, clean fine coal after the oven dry adds the certain proportion refinery coke, coal-tar pitch or binding agent mixing are after pressing machine is pressed into moulded coal, and the oven dry back is standby.The external form granularity of moulded coal is made the requirement of formed coke according to the user, and makes corresponding mould.
Sponge iron is produced by ready-formed cold bonded iron pelletizing reduction back.The cold bonded iron pelletizing is selected high-quality fine iron breeze or lump ore for use by the specification of quality of sponge iron, and the lump ore granularity should be about 10～30mm, iron ore quality requirements such as following table:
| Project | Fe(％) | S(％) | P(％) | Acid gangue (%) |
| Magnetite | ≥68.4 | ≤0.03 | ≤0.03 | ≤5 |
| Rhombohedral iron ore | ≤66.2 | ≤0.03 | ≤0.03 | ≤5 |
Fine iron breeze or reach the original ore powder drying of quality requirements after add binding agent lime powder or nitre ashes by a certain percentage through stirring and evenly mixing, through the compression moulding of roller pressure machine, it is standby to make the cold bonded iron pelletizing after the drying again.The external form granularity of cold bonded iron pelletizing is made the requirement of sponge iron according to the user, and makes corresponding mould.
As everyone knows, cokery can only be produced ordinary coke, can not produce formed coke.Reduction method producing sponge iron also can only adopt moulded coal, can not adopt coal dust.Therefore, can not produce formed coke with cokery, the coproduction sponge iron also just is far from being.Yet, the contriver is after having changed the method for coalingging of cokery, make that using cokery to produce formed coke becomes possibility, and applied for that patent of invention " produces the method for coalingging and the coaling gear of formed coke cokery ", under this patent application prerequisite, utilize cokery to produce the formed coke sponge iron that produces in parallel and also become reality.
The same with the patent application of the method for coalingging and the coaling gear of cokery " produce formed coke ", the present invention has adopted the device of iron case as coking chamber that moulded coal and cold bonded iron pelletizing are packed into of coalingging that can lift.Be useful on the wireline of lifting at the top of the iron case of coalingging, the bottom of the iron case of coalingging is connected with two fan bottom doors, connects by keeper between the two fan bottom doors, is connected with on the keeper and opens the door wireline and upwards connect lifting machine.When filling with substance, moulded coal mixed with the cold bonded iron pelletizing to pack into coaling in the iron case, sling and put into the cokery coking chamber by the lifting wireline iron case of will coalingging from coal port, strain the wireline that opens the door, open keeper, two fan bottom doors are fallen automatically, hang out the iron case of coalingging simultaneously, moulded coal and cold bonded iron pelletizing just are encased in the coking chamber with the form that tumbles.This charging method has been avoided pouring coking chamber into from the furnace roof coal port, makes moulded coal and cold bonded iron pelletizing cause broken problem, has improved the yield rate of product, makes that utilizing cokery to produce the formed coke sponge iron that produces in parallel is achieved.
When filling with substance, the iron case bottom of should waiting to coaling be apart from the coking chamber furnace bottom during less than 100mm, and the pull-up wireline that opens the door is opened bottom door again.
Produce sponge iron in order to guarantee that enough reducing gas contact with the cold bonded iron pelletizing, the moulded coal of upwards only packing into below the 500mm in the iron case bottom of coalingging, the cold bonded iron pelletizing of not packing into, the cold bonded iron pelletizing mainly is contained in the middle part and the top of the iron case of coalingging, load in mixture with moulded coal or layering is packed into, different sites can have different ratios, and under the prerequisite of general design constant rate, general top cold bonded iron pelletizing is more than the middle part.
Coking of shaping coal coproduction sponge iron of the present invention is to realize under 800～1100 ℃ of temperature of coking chamber and enough reducing gas condition.Temperature when CARBONIZATION OF BRIQUETTES produces an a large amount of coal gas is below 600 ℃, at this moment the reduction temperature of most of iron does not also reach the optimum temps more than 900 ℃, even the coking chamber wall temperature reaches 1300 ℃, the temperature of interior in short-term coking chamber core temperature, cold bonded iron pelletizing can not reach more than 900 ℃ at once, and this moment, a part of coal gas can not participate in the reduction of iron.Be necessary that for this reason coal gas is blown into another coking chamber core temperature again through gas blower reaches coking chamber more than 900 ℃, perhaps reduces cold bonded iron pelletizing Intake Quantity, to guarantee iron reductive necessary temp and enough reducing gas.The coking chamber temperature generally is no more than 1100 ℃, and sponge iron and moulded coal will bond when surpassing 1100 ℃.
Among the present invention, because the coal blending difference of moulded coal, and the difference of gas yield quality, type
Burnt also different with the coproduction ratio of sponge iron.Factory should determine according to market situation and coal blending condition, be principle not influence formed coke and sponge iron quality.Wherein, the formed coke major product that is absolutely necessary, whether how many surplus gas the sponge iron rule according to having, have outer production specifications arrangement such as give gas to adapt to ratio.The coproduction ratio of general formed coke and sponge iron is between 1.8: 1～6: 1.
Formed coke after the maturation and sponge iron are released by pushing machine simultaneously, are transported to coke quenching tower through coke guide, quenching car, and quenching is produced two kinds of products of formed coke and sponge iron after screening separates with magnetic separation.The quenching mode also can adopt known dry coke quenching mode.
Moulded coal manufacturing, the manufacturing of cold bonded iron pelletizing and coal-gas recovering are utilized technology, do not have substantial difference with already known processes.
The present invention not only can reduced iron, can also go back other metals such as native copper, manganese, nickel, chromium, is used to produce other sponge grease.
In the production process of coking of shaping coal coproduction sponge iron, cokery combustion heating chamber can produce a large amount of high-temp waste gas, and the present invention makes full use of this part waste heat and generates electricity.Generating waste gas is used further to dry moulded coal, cold bonded iron pelletizing, clean fine coal and fine iron breeze; The present invention also can directly utilize high-temp waste gas oven dry moulded coal, cold bonded iron pelletizing, clean fine coal and fine iron breeze, and every resource is fully utilized.
The present invention utilizes existing cokery, change loading method, when can producing formed coke, the gas reduction that utilizes coking to produce is produced sponge iron, the high-temp waste gas that also utilizes coking to produce simultaneously generates electricity and dries moulded coal, cold bonded iron pelletizing, clean fine coal, fine iron breeze, multinomial technical tie-up operation is achieved many things at one stroke, and gets twice the result with half the effort.
The present invention compared with prior art also has the following advantages:
1, the invention solves the environmental pollution of coalingging when the discharging of the coke.
It is that coal port from the coke oven top is poured into that the tradition coal-coking process is coaling, and can produce a large amount of dust and raw gas when coalingging, and pollutes very serious.Pollute and mainly administer by setting up terrestrial station.Moulded coal and cold bonded iron pelletizing are to be encased in the coking chamber by the iron case of coalingging among the present invention, the iron case seals owing to coaling, transfer to not have in the furnace bottom process at the iron case of coalingging and pollute to produce, the air in just can the extruding part coking chamber does not have organic volatile in this part gas.Open the iron case bottom door of coalingging, the coaling time of iron case of slinging is less than 1 minute, the raw gas of generation is at first wanted the space between filling moulded coal or the clean fine coal again, and therefore, the raw gas amount of overflowing at last just seldom.This part raw gas is all discharged by venting hole together with the mixing air overwhelming majority, and communicate venting hole this moment with cokery combustion heating chamber, this part is collected pneumatic transmission go into combustion heating chamber's burning, with decontamination.After covering the hole bell of coalingging, moulded coal or clean fine coal enter the charing stage, produce a large amount of coal gas, and connect raw gas pipeline with venting hole this moment, and raw gas enters coal gas and handles workshop section.Therefore solved the pollution problem when packing moulded coal and cold bonded iron pelletizing into basically.
Because the main pollution problem of coalingging is solved, the pollution when the discharging of the coke is a dust pollution mainly just.Only need covering and sack cleaner on coke guide, quenching car simply, remove regularly that to collect dust just passable, solve and simplified and polluted treatment facility when the discharging of the coke.
The present invention has removed from and has built that handling coalings produces the terrestrial station facility of flue gas and dust pollution when the discharging of the coke, and has reduced construction investment, has reduced working cost.
2, shorten coking time, improved production efficiency.
The tradition cokery wet coal of packing into could be progressively with coal carbonization after the coal oven dry that at first needs to wet, and the wet coal in coking chamber center becomes dry coal and wants 8-15 hour.The present invention's oven dry (comprising the oven dry of clean fine coal, powdered iron ore, cold bonded iron pelletizing, moulded coal) all utilizes the coke oven combustion chamber high-temp waste gas to finish before shove charge, has not only shortened coking time, enhances productivity, and has realized that the fully efficient of resource utilizes.
Heat transfer rate is 2-2.6cm/h in the tradition cokery coking chamber, large scale computer coke furnace carbonization chamber width 400-600mm, about 16-22 hour every furnace coking time, the reason of carbonization time length is except that the water content height, the ventilation property difference also is a reason, mainly sees through the transmission of dry coal course furnace roof because no matter water vapor still is a coal gas.Formed coke only produces coal gas among the present invention, and the void ratio dry coal layer that moulded coal and cold bonded iron pelletizing form is much bigger, and the speed of diffusing after coal gas produces also will be faster, and ventilation property is improved, and has therefore shortened coking time, has improved production efficiency.
It is the coal of passing to coking chamber earlier by temperature of furnace wall that coal dried sauted, and the thermal conduction of coal inside is except that coal self, and raw gas also is one of main heat-transfer medium in addition, and the thermal conductivity of coal gas is better than self heat conduction that air also is better than coal.Owing to improved ventilation property, realized the transmission of heat by convection of coal gas, improved heat transfer efficiency, also can further shorten coking time, enhance productivity.
Because moulded coal is dry coal coking, has improved ventilation property, has improved heat transfer efficiency, makes coking time shorten to 5-10 hour by about traditional mechanical coke 16-20 hour, coke oven output has increased 1-3 doubly.
3, prolonged coke oven work-ing life
Owing to be the dry type coal coking, to compare with wet coal coking, the moulded coal of newly packing near furnace wall is lowered the temperature much smaller than the wet coal of newly packing into, can prolong the duration of service of refractory brick thus, has also just prolonged the work-ing life of coke oven.
4, increased bulk density, enhanced productivity.
The about 0.8t/m of clean fine coal bulk density
3, the moulded coal bulk density is a little more than the about 0.9t/m of clean fine coal
3About, cold bonded iron pelletizing bulk density 3.9t/m especially
3, be 4～5 times of clean fine coal, owing to increased bulk density, the production efficiency of coke oven also improves greatly.
5, all gases in the coal gas can be optimized distribution utilization on demand.
The reduction of iron ball group is mainly by the H in the coal gas
2And CO, CH
4Generally reduced iron can not be used for other organism, the H in the coal gas can be utilized so selectively
2And CO, and CH
4Reach other organism and also can be used for the combustion chamber heating, improved coal gas and utilized benefit.
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of coking of shaping coal coproduction sponge iron of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the coaling structural representation of iron case of the present invention.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiments of the invention are described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, at first be the preparation of moulded coal, after coal washing and coal slime flotation operation are removed coal gangue and washed middle coal, wherein coal gangue send barrow by the processing requirement coal blending, coal is used for power plant's generating or sale in washing.Remaining clean fine coal is done and adding tackiness agent in oven dry back mixes through filtering, and makes moulded coal through mechanical pressing, again dry for standby.Next is the preparation of cold bonded iron pelletizing, and fine iron breeze oven dry back is mixed with tackiness agent, lime powder, makes cold bonded iron pelletizing, dry for standby again through mechanical pressing.According to processing requirement, moulded coal and cold bonded iron pelletizing mixing layering packed into coaling in the iron case, wherein coaling and only adorn moulded coal below the 500mm of iron case bottom, upwards mix or layering pack into moulded coal and cold bonded iron pelletizing, the lifting of iron case joins in the coking chamber of cokery with coalingging, wait to coaling iron case bottom apart from the coking chamber bottom during less than 100mm, open the iron case bottom door of coalingging, moulded coal and cold bonded iron pelletizing tumble in the coking chamber, hang out the iron case of coalingging, cover bell, the beginning coking of shaping coal, the coal gas that coking produces is reduced into sponge iron with the cold bonded iron pelletizing, CH under 800～1100 ℃ of hot conditionss
4After reclaiming tar and sulphur removal, return the cokery combustion chamber with surplus gas and be used for heating.Sophisticated formed coke and sponge iron are released coking chamber through pushing machine, and through the coke guide quenching car of packing into, quenching is after screening and magnetic separation obtain formed coke product and sponge iron product respectively.The a large amount of high-temp waste gas that produce in the coking (more than 600 ℃) can be used for generating, and the waste gas residual heat after the generating still can reach 180 ℃ of temperature, is used further to dry clean fine coal, moulded coal, cold bonded iron pelletizing and fine iron breeze, reaches the comprehensive high-efficiency utilization of resource.
Wherein, coaling the iron case structure as shown in Figure 2, include casing 3 and be movably connected in two of casing 3 bottoms and fan bottom doors 8, two fan bottom doors 8 link together by keeper 7, keeper 7 is connected with the wireline 2 that opens the door, the wireline 2 that opens the door passes the lifting wireline 1 that is connected casing 3 tops, is connected on the lifting machine with lifting wireline 1.Be with Steel Sleeve 4 outside the wireline that opens the door, casing 3 external packets have been tied up fire-resistant heat insulating material 5, and casing 3 inside also are welded with lacing wire 6, and the both sides of the iron case of coalingging are equipped with backplate 9.During operation, can move the iron case of coalingging by lifting wireline 1, when needing, the pull-up wireline 2 that opens the door, open keeper 7, two fan bottom doors 8 are opened automatically, the material in the casing 3 tumbles out by bottom door 8, with lifting wireline 1 casing 3 of slinging, moulded coal and cold bonded iron pelletizing are intactly packed in the cokery coking chamber.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of processing method of coking of shaping coal coproduction sponge iron, it is characterized in that in the cokery coking chamber of producing formed coke, packing into simultaneously and having the moulded coal of certain intensity and the cold bonded iron pelletizing that prefabricated oven dry has certain intensity, in coking, utilize the coal gas of high temperature coproduction sponge iron in the coking chamber through the prefabricated oven dry of machinery.
2, coking of shaping coal coproduction sponge iron processing method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that sophisticated formed coke and sponge iron are released by pushing machine simultaneously in the coke oven,, to the coke quenching tower quenching, separate with magnetic separation through coke guide, quenching car, produce formed coke and sponge iron respectively through screening.
3, coking of shaping coal coproduction sponge iron processing method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that moulded coal and cold bonded iron pelletizing mix earlier or layering is packed into and coaling in the iron case, the iron case of will coalingging again lifts in the coke furnace carbonization chamber, open the iron case bottom door of coalingging, moulded coal and cold bonded iron pelletizing are tumbled in the coking chamber of packing into, and the iron case of will coalingging simultaneously lifts out coking chamber.
4, coking of shaping coal coproduction sponge iron processing method according to claim 3 is characterized in that opening the iron case bottom door of coalingging during less than 100mm at the iron case distance from bottom coking chamber furnace bottom of coalingging.
5, coking of shaping coal coproduction sponge iron processing method according to claim 3, the iron case bottom door that it is characterized in that the coalingging moulded coal of only packing into below the 500mm that makes progress, the cold bonded iron pelletizing of not packing into, cold bonded iron pelletizing and moulded coal middle part and the top in the iron case of coalingging loads in mixture.
6, coking of shaping coal coproduction sponge iron processing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the temperature of coke furnace carbonization chamber is controlled at 800～1100 ℃.
7, coking of shaping coal coproduction sponge iron processing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the formed coke of coproduction and the rate ratio of sponge iron are 1.8: 1～6: 1.
8, coking of shaping coal coproduction sponge iron processing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that a large amount of high-temp waste gas that the coke oven combustion heating chamber produces can be directly used in oven dry clean fine coal, cold bonded iron pelletizing, fine iron breeze and moulded coal.
9, coking of shaping coal coproduction sponge iron processing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that a large amount of high-temp waste gas that the coke oven combustion heating chamber produces can also be used to dry clean fine coal, cold bonded iron pelletizing, fine iron breeze and moulded coal after generating.
10, coking of shaping coal coproduction sponge iron processing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that this processing method can also be used for other sponge grease of coproduction.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01101461 CN1316524A (en) | 2001-01-15 | 2001-01-15 | Technology for coking with briquettes while producing spongy iron |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 01101461 CN1316524A (en) | 2001-01-15 | 2001-01-15 | Technology for coking with briquettes while producing spongy iron |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009030064A1 (en) * | 2007-09-03 | 2009-03-12 | Shutong Dong | A process for non-coke smelting iron and steel |
| CN105694943A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-06-22 | 中科合成油技术有限公司 | Joint-converted polygeneration method for multiple coal types |
| CN109001071A (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2018-12-14 | 上海梅山钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of measuring method of coking coal coking power |
| WO2020216320A1 (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2020-10-29 | 李海鸥 | Method for reducing oxide ores by using square carbonization chamber of coking plant |
-
2001
- 2001-01-15 CN CN 01101461 patent/CN1316524A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009030064A1 (en) * | 2007-09-03 | 2009-03-12 | Shutong Dong | A process for non-coke smelting iron and steel |
| CN105694943A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-06-22 | 中科合成油技术有限公司 | Joint-converted polygeneration method for multiple coal types |
| CN109001071A (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2018-12-14 | 上海梅山钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of measuring method of coking coal coking power |
| WO2020216320A1 (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2020-10-29 | 李海鸥 | Method for reducing oxide ores by using square carbonization chamber of coking plant |
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