CN1314828C - Method and apparatus for DC electric field accelerating solid powder boriding - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for DC electric field accelerating solid powder boriding Download PDFInfo
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- CN1314828C CN1314828C CNB2004100655457A CN200410065545A CN1314828C CN 1314828 C CN1314828 C CN 1314828C CN B2004100655457 A CNB2004100655457 A CN B2004100655457A CN 200410065545 A CN200410065545 A CN 200410065545A CN 1314828 C CN1314828 C CN 1314828C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for accelerating solid powder boronizing by a direct current electric field in order to strengthen the surface of a metal part and a device, which adopts a plate-shaped electrode arranged in parallel on the surface to be treated by boronizing on a corresponding part in a boronizing medium of solid powders as an electric field anode and adopts a metal part to be treated by boronizing as a cathode. The anode, the cathode and the boronizing medium are put in a boronizing box; the boronizing box is sealed, put in a box type furnace and heated; simultaneously, a direct current electric field is applied between the metal part to be treated by boronizing and the anode; rapid boronizing can be realized. Compared with the existing solid boronizing, a boronizing speed can be at least improved by 0.4 to 2 times at different temperatures in a range of 550 to 1000 DEG C. Thus, the method and the device can increase the boronizing speed of the solid powders, reduce the boronizing temperature and improve the utilization ratio of the boronizing medium.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal parts surface chemistry heat-treating methods and device, refer in particular to a kind of method and apparatus that is used for the DC electric field accelerating Solid powder boriding of metal parts surface strengthening.
Background technology
The chemical heat treatment process that boron is infiltrated workpiece surface is called boronising.Boride layer has very high hardness, high-wearing feature and certain oxidation-resistance property and resistance to corrosion, so boronising part range of application is wider.Boronising can be divided into methods such as solid, salt bath, electrolysis and Gaseous State Boronization.Commonly used is that solid powder boronisation, borax melt the salt boronising.
Present solid powder boronisation generally is the high temperature boronising of carrying out between 850～950 ℃ according to the difference of part performance requriements and part material, and soaking time commonly used did not wait in 3～8 hours, obtains the not boride layer of equal thickness of 30～200 μ m.Write Beijing in 2003 according to Li Quanhua: " the thermal treatment practical technique " of China Machine Press, pp94～96, and Hua Lei, noble space, Shen Zhaoliang, Sui Yong, " pack boriding technology and development trend thereof ", " Shandong agricultural machinery ", calendar year 2001, No.4, pp6～8, this technology exist that treatment temp is higher, the treatment time is long, the penetration enhancer utilization ratio is not too high, cost is higher, weak points such as workpiece deformation is bigger after the boronising.In order to solve problems such as the distortion of boronising temperature height, osmosis work-piece is big, low-temperature boriding is paid close attention to by people.Low-temperature boriding is meant at steel stagnation point (A
1) boronising of following temperature, particularly under the steel tempering temperature, carry out boronising, can not only improve penetrated layer property, cut down the consumption of energy and reduce workpiece deformation, further enlarge the application of boriding process, and can also simplify technology, tangible economic benefit is arranged, as Chinese invention patent, 85105278 " pressure boost adsorpotion low temprature boriding industrial arts ".But present low-temperature boriding carries out between 600～750 ℃, and infiltration rate is slow, and infiltration layer is shallow, simultaneously boron supplying agent in the penetration enhancer, activator content are very high, for example Li Quanhua writes, Beijing in 2003: " the thermal treatment practical technique " of China Machine Press, p94, and Li Xiangfeng, Lin Xiangfeng, Zuo Dunwen, Wang Min, " 45 steel paste Boronizing at Low Temperature and solidity to corrosion research ", " aeronautical technology technology ", 1999, No.3, p.29, p.30, p.45, point out ferro-boron content 20～65%, norbide content up to 40%, potassium fluoborate is up to 20%, so processing cost is very high.This is because when lesser temps, and penetration enhancer relies on the efficient of thermolysis generation active boron atom lower, has only the content by increasing boron supplying agent, activator to produce enough active boron atoms.
Owing to the generation of active boron atom in the present solid powder boronisation is to be come by penetration enhancer generation thermolysis under the high temperature action, boron supplying agent and activator content etc. have direct relation in its concentration and boronising temperature, the penetration enhancer, boron also mainly depends on temperature action to the diffusion of piece surface, to the probability of diffusion motion everywhere is the same, so being arranged during boronising, quite a lot of active boron atomic diffusion oozes the non-working surface of chamber interior wall and part, cause very big waste, treatment temp is higher, the treatment time is long, not high, the more high weak point of cost of penetration enhancer utilization ratio thereby exist.
Summary of the invention
At above-mentioned deficiency, the present invention promotes the decomposition of boron supplying agent by strengthening the boronizing agent reaction, quicken the effective diffusion and the absorption of active boron atom, can significantly reduce the boronising temperature, accelerate infiltration rate, thereby the content of boron supplying agent, activator in the minimizing penetration enhancer, the utilization ratio of raising boron supplying agent.This method is compared with existing powder method boronising, and in the differing temps of 550～900 ℃ of scopes, infiltration rate can improve 0.4～2 times at least not to be waited.
The present invention has overcome conventional pack boriding and has relied on the deficiency that the penetration enhancer decomposes produces the active boron atom merely, utilizes the decomposition of the physical action promotion penetration enhancer of DC electric field, and the concentration that increases the active boron atom is with active; Plate electrode and part are desired boronising face opposing parallel and are put, in thermodiffusion, DC electric field is accelerated the directed velocity of diffusion of boron to part (negative pole) working face again, reduced relatively and oozed the absorption of chamber interior wall and part non-working surface the boron atom, thereby reduce the boronising temperature, accelerate infiltration rate, improve the utilization ratio of boron supplying agent.
Method of work of the present invention, it is characterized by: by boron supplying agent, activator, energizer, place one in the solid powder boronisation agent that weighting agent and raising agent are formed according to the plate electrode of desiring the configuration design of boronising part, with this electrode as positive pole, with part as negative pole, the two poles of the earth are parallel to each other, pole distance 2～50mm, the two poles of the earth are corresponding respectively at the continuously adjustable special DC power supply of 0～250 volt range just to be connected in a voltage, on the negative pole, plate electrode and part are sealed in boronizing agent and ooze in the case, to ooze case places box-type furnace to heat, temperature range is 550～1000 ℃, when furnace temperature after set(ting)value, add voltage between 0～250 volt at two interpolars.
Device of the present invention, it is characterized in that by the plate electrode that places the solid powder boronisation agent, place the solid powder boronisation agent ooze case, voltage constitutes in the continuously adjustable special DC power-supply system of 0～250 volt range, the direct supply positive and negative polarities connect plate electrode respectively and desire the boronising part.
Used plate electrode thickness range 0.2～10mm among the present invention adopts fusing point to make at the metallic substance more than 1200 ℃.
The plate electrode shape is similar substantially with desire boronising piece surface profile.
Distance 2～50mm between plate electrode and the desire boronising part.
Placement is parallel to each other between plate electrode and the desire boronising part.
Major advantage of the present invention is to have overcome conventional pack boriding and relies on the deficiency that the penetration enhancer decomposes produces the active boron atom merely, utilize the decomposition of the physical action promotion penetration enhancer of DC electric field, the concentration that increases the active boron atom is with active, in thermodiffusion, utilize tabular anodal special shape and placement location, DC electric field is also accelerated boron needs directed velocity of diffusion from boronising face to part (negative pole), reduced relatively and oozed the absorption of chamber interior wall and part non-working surface the boron atom, thereby can reduce the boronising temperature, accelerate infiltration rate, improve the utilization ratio of boron supplying agent.So have following beneficial effect:
1) when the identical penetration enhancer of existing conventional solid powder boronisation, temperature and soaking time, boride layer thickness can increase more than 0.4～2 times at least, the corresponding raising of the utilization ratio of boron supplying agent; Therefore, can reduce the content (can reduce 50% at least) of boron supplying agent, activator, or shorten soaking time, thereby save energy reduces production costs;
2) can carry out effective boronising to the higher mould of dimension precision requirement, instrument and some other wearing piece 560～650 ℃ of low temperature range and handle, improve their use properties and life-span.
3) with respect to prior art, apparatus of the present invention are succinct, easy to operate.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a DC electric field accelerating Solid powder boriding device synoptic diagram
1. ooze case lid, 2. ooze case, 3. plate electrode, 4. part, the 5. continuous adjustable DC power system of voltage, 6. powder boronizing agent, 7. conductive lead wire, 8. sealing material
Embodiment
The synoptic diagram of apparatus of the present invention as shown in Figure 1.Be specific embodiments of the invention below:
Oozed material: 45 steel, T12 steel; Boronizing agent constitutes: boron supplying agent (norbide, content 2%), activator and energizer (Sodium tetrafluoroborate, 2%), raising agent (charcoal, 2%), weighting agent and activator (silicon carbide, surplus);
In the solid powder boronisation agent 6 that above-mentioned substance is formed, place one according to the plate electrode 3 of desiring 4 configuration designs of boronising part, with this electrode as positive pole, with part 4 as negative pole, the two poles of the earth are parallel to each other, tabular positive pole and quilt are oozed between sample apart from 20mm, the two poles of the earth are corresponding respectively in the continuously adjustable special DC power-supply system 5 of 0～250 volt range just to be connected in a voltage, on the negative pole, plate electrode 3 and part 4 are sealed in band with powder boronizing agent 6 by sealing material 8 and ooze oozing in the case 2 of case lid 1, to ooze case places box-type furnace to heat, boronising temperature: 900 ℃, 4 hours boronising time, when furnace temperature after set(ting)value, add 20 volts voltage at two interpolars.
Test-results: 45 steel obtain the boride layer of 105 μ m, and its hardness is at 1200～1700HV
0.1, the T12 steel obtains the boride layer of 65 μ m, and its hardness is at 1400～1800HV
0.1And adopt same diffusion agent formulation, and adopt existing boriding process, equally through 900 ℃, boronising in 4 hours, the boride layer thickness of two kinds of steel has only 60 μ m and 35 μ m respectively.
Embodiment 2
Oozed material: 45 steel, T12 steel; Boronizing agent constitutes: boron supplying agent (ferro-boron, content 5%), activator and energizer (potassium fluoborate, 5%: ammonium chloride; 2%), raising agent (charcoal, 5%), weighting agent and activator (silicon carbide, surplus);
Boronizing method and device be with embodiment 1, the boronising temperature: 850 ℃, 4 hours boronising time, tabular positive pole and being oozed between sample apart from 15mm is at tabular positive pole with oozed and apply 30 volts DC electric field between sample.Test-results: 45 steel obtain the boride layer of 137 μ m, and its hardness is at 1200～1700HV
0.1, the T12 steel obtains the boride layer of 95 μ m, and its hardness is at 1400～1800HV
0.1And adopt same diffusion agent formulation, and adopt existing boriding process, equally through 850 ℃, boronising in 4 hours, the boride layer thickness of two kinds of steel has only 65 μ m and 37 μ m respectively.
Oozed material: 45 steel, T12 steel; Boronizing agent constitutes: boron supplying agent (norbide, content 5%), activator and energizer (Sodium tetrafluoroborate, 5%; 4%), raising agent (charcoal, 10%), weighting agent and activator (silicon carbide, surplus) ammonium chloride:;
Boronizing method and the device with embodiment 1, the boronising temperature: 600 ℃, 6 hours boronising time.Tabular positive pole and being oozed between sample apart from 5mm is at tabular positive pole with oozed and apply 50 volts DC electric field between sample.Test-results: 45 steel obtain the boride layer of 17 μ m, and its hardness is at 1100～1500HV
0.1, T12 obtains the boride layer of 11 μ m, and its hardness is at 1100～1500HV
0.1And adopt same diffusion agent formulation, and adopt existing boriding process, equally through 600 ℃, boronising in 6 hours does not have boride layer substantially and forms on two kinds of steel.
Embodiment 4
Oozed material: 45 steel, T12 steel; Boronizing agent constitutes: boron supplying agent (ferro-boron, content 10%), activator and energizer (potassium fluoborate, 5%), raising agent (charcoal, 5%), weighting agent and activator (silicon carbide, surplus).
Boronizing method and the device with embodiment 1, the boronising temperature: 900 ℃, 4 hours boronising time.Tabular positive pole and being oozed between sample apart from 50mm is at tabular positive pole with oozed and apply 10～30 volts DC electric field between sample.Test-results: 45 steel obtain the boride layer of 210 μ m, and its hardness is at 1200～1900HV
0.1, T12 obtains the boride layer of 135 μ m, and its hardness is at 1200～1900HV
0.1And adopt same diffusion agent formulation, and adopt existing boriding process, equally through 900 ℃, boronising in 4 hours, the boride layer thickness of two kinds of steel has only 100 μ m and 65 μ m respectively.
Embodiment 5
Oozed material: 45 steel, T12 steel; Boronizing agent constitutes: boron supplying agent (ferro-boron, content 30%), activator and energizer (potassium fluoborate, 5%; Sodium tetrafluoroborate, 5%; Ammonium chloride, 5%), raising agent (gac, 5%, charcoal, 5%), weighting agent and activator (silicon carbide, surplus).
Boronizing method and the device with embodiment 1, the boronising temperature: 600 ℃, 6 hours boronising time.Tabular positive pole and being oozed between sample apart from 25mm is at tabular positive pole with oozed and apply 50 volts DC electric field between sample.Test-results: 45 steel obtain the boride layer of 30 μ m, and its hardness is at 1100～1500HV
0.1, T12 obtains the boride layer of 20 μ m, and its hardness is at 1100～1500HV
0.1And adopt same diffusion agent formulation, and adopt existing boriding process, equally through 600 ℃, boronising in 6 hours, the boride layer thickness of two kinds of steel is all below 10 μ m.
Claims (6)
1. the method for DC electric field accelerating Solid powder boriding, it is characterized in that by boron supplying agent, activator, energizer, place one in the solid powder boronisation agent that weighting agent and raising agent are formed according to the plate electrode of desiring the configuration design of boronising part, with this electrode as positive pole, with part as negative pole, the two poles of the earth are parallel to each other, pole distance 5～50mm, the two poles of the earth are corresponding respectively at the continuously adjustable special DC power supply of 0～250 volt range just to be connected in a voltage, on the negative pole, plate electrode and part are sealed in boronizing agent and ooze in the case, to ooze case places box-type furnace to heat, temperature range is 550～1000 ℃, when furnace temperature after set(ting)value, add voltage between 0～250 volt at two interpolars.
2. realize the device of the method for the described DC electric field accelerating Solid powder boriding of claim 1, it is characterized in that by the plate electrode that places solid powder boronisation agent (6) (3), place the solid powder boronisation agent ooze case (2), voltage constitutes in the continuously adjustable special DC power-supply system of 0～250 volt range (5), the direct supply positive and negative polarities connect plate electrode (3) respectively and desire boronising part (4).
3. the device of DC electric field accelerating Solid powder boriding according to claim 2 is characterized in that described plate electrode thickness range 0.2～10mm, adopts fusing point to make at the metallic substance more than 1200 ℃.
4. the device of DC electric field accelerating Solid powder boriding according to claim 2 is characterized in that the plate electrode shape is similar substantially with desire boronising piece surface profile.
5. the device of DC electric field accelerating Solid powder boriding according to claim 2 is characterized in that the distance 5～50mm between plate electrode and the desire boronising part.
6. the device of DC electric field accelerating Solid powder boriding according to claim 2 is characterized in that plate electrode and desires the placement that is parallel to each other between the boronising part.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2004100655457A CN1314828C (en) | 2004-11-23 | 2004-11-23 | Method and apparatus for DC electric field accelerating solid powder boriding |
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| CNB2004100655457A CN1314828C (en) | 2004-11-23 | 2004-11-23 | Method and apparatus for DC electric field accelerating solid powder boriding |
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| CN1314828C true CN1314828C (en) | 2007-05-09 |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102154616A (en) * | 2011-03-23 | 2011-08-17 | 常州大学 | Boronizing method and device for inner surface of tubular component by using direct-current electric field enhanced powder method |
| CN102168243A (en) * | 2011-03-23 | 2011-08-31 | 常州大学 | Method and device for accelerating powder method boronisation by alternating-current filed |
| CN102943235A (en) * | 2012-12-10 | 2013-02-27 | 常州大学 | Technique for energy-saving and efficient preparation of single Fe2B infiltrated layer |
| CN110106465A (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2019-08-09 | 昆明理工大学 | A method of efficiently preparing titanium boron laminar composite |
| CN114836711B (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2023-04-04 | 长沙特耐金属材料科技有限公司 | Metal surface hardening method |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1066952A (en) * | 1992-03-07 | 1992-12-09 | 王杰 | The manufacture method of semi-conductor heating parts |
| EP1026282A2 (en) * | 1999-02-05 | 2000-08-09 | Houghton Durferrit GmbH | Paste boriding agent |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1066952A (en) * | 1992-03-07 | 1992-12-09 | 王杰 | The manufacture method of semi-conductor heating parts |
| EP1026282A2 (en) * | 1999-02-05 | 2000-08-09 | Houghton Durferrit GmbH | Paste boriding agent |
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| CN1609261A (en) | 2005-04-27 |
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