CN1313732C - Piezo-electric compressor with displacement amplifier - Google Patents

Piezo-electric compressor with displacement amplifier Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1313732C
CN1313732C CNB038165546A CN03816554A CN1313732C CN 1313732 C CN1313732 C CN 1313732C CN B038165546 A CNB038165546 A CN B038165546A CN 03816554 A CN03816554 A CN 03816554A CN 1313732 C CN1313732 C CN 1313732C
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China
Prior art keywords
displacement
piston
sovereign
compressor
piezoelectric element
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Expired - Fee Related
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CNB038165546A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN1668848A (en
Inventor
黄竟朝
赵臣
阮南忠
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Panasonic Refrigeration Devices Singapore Pte Ltd
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Matsushita Refrigeration Industries S Pte Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B35/00Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
    • F04B35/04Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for the means being electric
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B17/00Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors
    • F04B17/003Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by piezoelectric means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B35/00Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

A compressor ( 300 ) for successive suction and discharge of a compressible fluid, thereby increasing fluid pressure of the compressible fluid in a substantially closed chamber, the compressor ( 300 ) comprising: at least one piezoelectric element ( 22 ); a primary displacement member ( 46 ) coupled to the at least one piezoelectric element ( 22 ); a secondary displacement member ( 44 ) coupled to the piston ; and a non-compressible fluid ( 45 ) disposed to fill a fixed predetermined volume between the primary displacement member ( 46 ) and the secondary displacement member ( 44 ); wherein electrical actuation of the piezoelectric element is controllable to displace the primary displacement member ( 46 ) by a predetermined distance, being coupled via the noncompressible fluid to displace the secondary displacement member ( 44 ) by an amplified distance based upon the fixed predetermined volume.

Description

Piezo-compressor with displacement amplifier
Technical field
The present invention relates to fluid compression engine, particularly relate to the use of piezoelectric device in fluid compression engine and pump.
Background technique
Piston compressor is a positive displacement compressor.Positive displacement compressor sucks the fluid of a constant volume continuously, and it is enclosed in the cavity of abundant sealing, then it is brought up to higher pressure or compression.Piston compressor uses the piston (piston cylinder assembly) in the cylinder to finish this function as compressing member.Wherein fluid can be gas or liquid, also can be the mixture of the two, as the refrigeration agent under at different pressures.
Piston compressor uses two one-way valves at least in each cylinder, one-way valve only just can be opened when the effect of valve two ends has predetermined pressure difference.Suck one-way valve (below be called suction valve) unlatching when the cylinder fluid pressure descends, make fluid enter cylinder.Discharge one-way valve (below be called expulsion valve) and finish, open when the cylinder fluid pressure increases, so that fluid is extruded cylinder in compression.Cylinder sucks and discharges fluid continuously and just makes that fluid under high pressure constantly is discharged from.
In order to make cylinder suck and discharge fluid continuously, piston must carry out straight reciprocating motion in cylinder.Referring to Fig. 1, this figure is depicted as conventional piston compressor, and piston cylinder assembly comprises suction chamber 11, discharge side 12, suction valve 13, expulsion valve 14, cylinder 15, cylinder thorax 21 and piston 16.Such piston cylinder assembly is well-known to those skilled in the art.
In piston compressor, the straight reciprocating motion that sucks and discharge the piston 16 of flow liquid process is finished by mechanical assembly, for example the turning motor assembly.The turning motor assembly comprises turning motor 19, crank 18 and connecting rod 17.Rotatablely moving of turning motor 19, through crank 18 and connecting rod 17 be converted on the straight line/down or front/rear motion, form needed straight reciprocating motion in the piston compressor running.Piston 16 move downward the pressure that has reduced in the cylinder thorax 21, make suction valve 13 open.As a result, fluid enters cylinder thorax 21 by suction chamber 11.Moving downward of piston 16 is called induction stroke.
On the other hand, piston 16 compressed fluid that moves upward increases hydrodynamic pressure, makes suction valve 13 close, and expulsion valve 14 is opened.Like this, fluid is pressed into the discharge side 12 from cylinder thorax 21.Moving upward of piston 16 is called discharge stroke.
Above-mentioned turning motor assembly has used several mechanical connections, thereby has a plurality of moving parts.But this turning motor assembly is unnecessarily comparatively complicated, and needs the maintenance of each side such as lubricated and replacing connection.Act on that non-coaxial mechanical force has also caused extra vibration and noise on the piston 16.Also have, above-mentioned turning motor assembly causes mechanical failure easily because of wearing and tearing.
Can use linear actuator to replace the turning motor assembly.Linear actuator is well-known to those skilled in the art, has used piezoelectric element in a lot of such actuators.Usually, piezoelectric element converts electrical energy into mechanical energy in such actuator.In piezoelectric actuator, electric energy acts on one or more piezoelectric elements, makes the piezoelectric element distortion to drive another one element at least thus physically.The narrow limitation of existing piezoelectric actuator is that the physical deformation amount of piezoelectric element is less relatively.So the application of piezoelectric actuator is confined to micro device.Usually, the needed displacement range of this micro device is from several microns to several millimeters.
In order to overcome the less relatively narrow limitation of piezoelectric actuator displacement, U. S. Patent 5,063, in 542, Peter Pan people such as (Petermann) has set forth a kind of displacement amplifier that is used to connect piezoelectric actuator and displacement component.Piezoelectric actuator has bellows components, this parts form can full of liquid expandable cavity, and can make response to the straight-line displacement of piezoceramic disk, provide straight-line displacement to displacement component through amplifying.But, U. S. Patent 5,063, the problem of people's such as Petermann displacement amplifier is that expandable cavity is unfixed, so be difficult to the straight-line displacement of being amplified is controlled accurately in 542.Thisly use the notion of piezoelectric actuator in conjunction with the hydraulic displacement amplifier, at U. S. Patent 5,074, in 654 in people such as Alden and the U. S. Patent 5,697,554 people such as Auwaerter further elaboration is arranged.In people's such as Alden elaboration, a plurality of piezoelectric actuators that are connected on the hydraulic displacement amplifier are used for controlling deformable mirror.In people's such as Auwaerter elaboration, be used for the metering valve of metering fuel jet fluid, used the piezoelectric element that connects the hydraulic displacement amplifier to come valve needle, control the fuel quantity that is sprayed.
So, need a kind of linear electric motor really, adopt piezoelectric element, to overcome or to reduce to be present at present problems such as complexity, needs maintenance and mechanical failure in the reciprocating compressor at least with controlled displacement amplifier.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of piezoelectric device that is used for fluid compression engine and pump.
Therefore, the invention provides a kind of compressor on the one hand, has the piston cylinder assembly that can suck and discharge compressible fluid continuously, thereby in the cavity of fully sealing, increase the pressure of compressible fluid, wherein piston cylinder assembly comprises piston, cylinder, cylinder thorax, the discharge side that has the suction chamber of suction valve and have expulsion valve, and this compressor comprises: at least one piezoelectric element; The status of a sovereign that is connected at least one piezoelectric element is moved parts; Be connected in piston from displacement component; And the incompressible fluid that moves parts and be full of in the fixed predetermined volume of displacement component in the status of a sovereign; Wherein the electricity at least one piezoelectric element drives and controllably makes the status of a sovereign move the displacement that parts produce intended distance, the displacement of the intended distance that produces is by the connection of incompressible fluid, make from displacement component produce a hyperplastic distance that depends on fixed predetermined volume from displacement.
On the other hand, the invention provides a kind of compressor, has the piston cylinder assembly that can suck and discharge compressible fluid continuously, thereby can in the cavity of fully sealing, increase the pressure of compressible fluid, wherein piston cylinder assembly comprises piston, cylinder, cylinder thorax, the discharge side that has the suction chamber of suction valve and have expulsion valve, and compressor comprises: at least one piezoelectric element; The status of a sovereign that is connected at least one piezoelectric element is moved parts; Be connected in piston from displacement component; And the incompressible fluid that moves parts and be full of in the fixed predetermined volume of displacement component in the status of a sovereign; Wherein, drive in response to the electricity at least one piezoelectric element, the displacement that moves parts according to the status of a sovereign from the displacement of displacement component is exaggerated, and the displacement of being amplified depends on that the fixed predetermined volume and the status of a sovereign are moved parts and from the area of contact of displacement component and incompressible fluid.
Also have, the invention provides a kind of fluid delivery system, has the piston cylinder assembly that can suck and discharge fluid continuously, the piston cylinder assembly discharge side that comprises piston, cylinder, have the suction chamber of suction valve and have expulsion valve wherein, fluid delivery system comprises: at least one piezoelectric element; The status of a sovereign that is connected at least one piezoelectric element is moved parts; Be connected in piston from displacement component; And the incompressible fluid that moves parts and be full of in the fixed predetermined volume of displacement component in the status of a sovereign; Wherein, drive in response to the electricity at least one piezoelectric element, the displacement that moves parts according to the status of a sovereign from the displacement of displacement component is exaggerated, and the displacement of being amplified depends on that the fixed predetermined volume and the status of a sovereign are moved parts and from the area of contact of displacement component and incompressible fluid.
Description of drawings
Below by way of example, be described with reference to the accompanying drawings first-selected embodiment of the present invention and two other
Embodiment.Wherein:
Fig. 1 shows the piston compressor of prior art;
Fig. 2 shows the compressor according to first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 shows the compressor according to second embodiment of the invention; And
Fig. 4 shows the compressor of the first-selected embodiment according to the present invention.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 2, represented piezo-compressor 100 among the figure according to first embodiment of the invention.Piezo-compressor 100 comprises piston cylinder assembly, and this assembly is similar with the piston cylinder assembly in the conventional piston compressor as shown in Figure 1.But, being different from the conventional straight reciprocating motion that turning motor 19, crank 18 and connecting rod 17 are provided, this piezo-compressor 100 has used at least one to be directly connected in piezoelectric element 22 on the piston 16.
When the driving electrical signal was sent on the piezoelectric element 22, piezoelectric element 22 produced distortion, makes piston 16 upwards produce the straight-line displacement of intended distance (discharge stroke).This makes the hydrodynamic pressure in the cylinder thorax 21 increase, and expulsion valve 14 is opened, and makes compressible fluid flow into the discharge side 12 from cylinder thorax 21.Then drive electrical signal electricity drive pressure electric device 22 and produce distortion, make piston 16 produce the straight-line displacement (induction stroke) of intended distance downwards.This makes the hydrodynamic pressure in the cylinder thorax 21 reduce, and suction valve 13 is opened, and makes compressible fluid flow into the cylinder thorax 21 from suction chamber 11.
The driving electrical signal that is sent on the piezoelectric element 22 uses consistent with the standard control of piezoelectric element 22 usually.This driving electrical signal comprises a series of voltage or current pulses with predetermined strength, is used for drive pressure electric device 22.
When the driving electrical signal was sent on the piezoelectric element 22 continuously, piezoelectric element 22 drove the opposite distortion of generation in the direction separately of carrying out induction stroke or discharge stroke by electricity.Therefore, the straight reciprocating motion of piezoelectric element makes piston 16 operate the required straight reciprocating motion of piezo-compressor 100 simultaneously.The operation of piston cylinder assembly is similar to the operation of conventional piston compressor in the piezo-compressor 100.And that the advantage of piezo-compressor 100 is moving parts is less, and is difficult for producing mechanical failure.This piezo-compressors could need to be applied to the continous-stable dynamic operation to bear the occasion of constantly acting load simultaneously as small-sized or micro-compressor.Equally, this piezo-compressors could is as fluid delivery system, for example pump.When using as pump, the fluid of being carried can be compressible or incompressible.
Referring to Fig. 3, there is shown improved piezo-compressor 200 according to second embodiment of the invention.Except that using at least one piezoelectric element 22, also increased displacement amplification device, for example spring 32.The scope of the typical straight-line displacement that piezoelectric element can reach is from several microns to several millimeters.In specific application, so little displacement is difficult to form enough straight reciprocating motions, thereby piezo-compressor is worked under enough big capacity.Spring 32 can be used as displacement amplifier, the straight reciprocating motion of piezoelectric element 22 is converted to the straight reciprocating motion of amplification.Therefore, the straight reciprocating motion of piston 16 also is exaggerated, thereby has increased the volume of compressible fluid of each suction and discharge stroke, has improved the capacity of piezo-compressor 200 thus.But this straight reciprocating motion that has the amplification of spring 32 may be wayward, also might form harmonic wave, finally may hinder the straight reciprocating motion of piezoelectric element 22.This also depends on the intrinsic mechanical spring coefficient of spring 32, and this value reduces along with the use that continues.
Referring to Fig. 4, represented super piezo-compressor 300 among the figure according to third embodiment of the invention.Except this compressor except that piston 16 has the saving grace of big straight reciprocating motion, the straight reciprocating motion of control piston 16 better simultaneously.By using the hydraulic displacement amplifier can make super piezo-compressor 300 reach such function.The hydraulic displacement amplifier comprises that the status of a sovereign that is connected in piezoelectric element 22 moves parts 46, be connected in piston 16 from displacement component 44, the incompressible fluid 45 that moves parts 46 and be full of in the fixed predetermined volume of displacement component 44 in the status of a sovereign.Like this, incompressible fluid 45 moves parts 46 with the status of a sovereign and couples together from displacement component 44.Such incompressible fluid 45 can be hydraulic oil or compressor lubricant oil.Be connected with piston 16 by piston rod 42 again from displacement component 44.The status of a sovereign is moved the area of contact of parts 46 and incompressible fluid 45 usually greater than the area of contact from displacement component 44 and incompressible fluid 45.
When the driving electrical signal was sent on the piezoelectric element 22, piezoelectric element 22 made the status of a sovereign move the displacement of parts 46 distortion and generation small predetermined distance.Yet, produced the displacement of amplifying intended distance from displacement component 44 by incompressible fluid 45, thereby piston 16 has also produced the displacement of amplifying intended distance by piston rod 42.Depend on that from the amplification degree of displacement component 44 displacements the fixed predetermined volume and the described status of a sovereign move parts and described dimensions/surface area from displacement component.
The displacement of being amplified and the status of a sovereign are moved the surface area of parts 46, and the status of a sovereign is moved the displacement of parts 46 intended distances and as follows from the relation between the displacement of displacement component 44:
L = A a × l
The wherein displacement of L for being exaggerated from displacement component 44, l is the displacement that the status of a sovereign is moved the intended distance of parts 46.A is the area of contact that the status of a sovereign is moved parts 46 and incompressible fluid 45, and a is from the area of contact of displacement component 44 with incompressible fluid 45.
Baffle plate 47 links to each other with piston spring 43, and spring links to each other again with from displacement component 44.Baffle plate 47 and piston spring 43 impel jointly from displacement component 44 and carry out straight reciprocating motion.Thereby also impel piston 16 to carry out straight reciprocating motion.
The hydraulic displacement amplifier not only has the enlarging function to the straight-line displacement of piezoelectric element 22, can also the straight reciprocating motion of piston 16 be better controlled.
Piezo-compressor 100,200 and 300 among Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 all is described and illustrates with vertical orientation type, and done concrete explanation separately.But it will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the mode of operating described piezo-compressor 100,200 and 300 with other direction does not depart from the scope of the present invention.In addition, piezo-compressor also can a plurality ofly be used simultaneously, is deposited at different cloth and use and use under the occasion of non-compressor and pump, and these do not depart from the scope of the present invention.Should be appreciated that without departing from the scope of the invention, those skilled in the art can make various adjustment and improvement.

Claims (21)

1, a kind of compressor, has the piston cylinder assembly that can suck and discharge compressible fluid continuously, thereby in the cavity of fully sealing, increase the hydrodynamic pressure of described compressible fluid, wherein said piston cylinder assembly comprises piston, cylinder, cylinder thorax, the discharge side that has the suction chamber of suction valve and have expulsion valve, and described compressor comprises:
At least one piezoelectric element;
The status of a sovereign that is connected on described at least one piezoelectric element is moved parts;
Be connected in described piston from displacement component; And
Move parts and the described incompressible fluid that is full of in the fixed predetermined volume of displacement component in the described status of a sovereign;
Wherein the electricity on described at least one piezoelectric element drives and controllably makes the described status of a sovereign move the displacement that parts produce intended distance, the described status of a sovereign is moved parts by incompressible fluid, make described from displacement component produce a hyperplastic distance that depends on described fixedly predetermined from displacement.
2, compressor according to claim 1, wherein said at least one piezoelectric element is suitable for receiving electrically driven (operated) electrical signal.
3, compressor according to claim 2, wherein said electrical signal comprises a series of voltage pulses.
4, compressor according to claim 2, wherein said electrical signal comprises a series of current pulses.
5, compressor according to claim 1 also comprises baffle plate and piston spring, and described piston spring is installed in described baffle plate and described between the displacement component.
6, compressor according to claim 1, wherein said incompressible fluid comprises hydraulic oil or compressor lubricant oil.
7, compressor according to claim 1, the wherein said status of a sovereign move the area of contact of parts and incompressible fluid greater than described area of contact from displacement component and incompressible fluid.
8, a kind of compressor, has the piston cylinder assembly that can suck and discharge compressible fluid continuously, thereby in the cavity of fully sealing, increase the hydrodynamic pressure of described compressible fluid, the discharge side that wherein said piston cylinder assembly comprises piston, cylinder, has the suction chamber of suction valve and have expulsion valve, described compressor comprises:
At least one piezoelectric element;
The status of a sovereign that is connected on described at least one piezoelectric element is moved parts;
Be connected in described piston from displacement component; And
Move parts and the described incompressible fluid that is full of in the fixed predetermined volume of displacement component in the described status of a sovereign;
Wherein, drive in response to the electricity on described at least one piezoelectric element, the described displacement that moves parts according to the described status of a sovereign from the displacement of displacement component is exaggerated, and the described displacement of being amplified depends on that the described fixed predetermined volume and the described status of a sovereign move parts and described area of contact from displacement component and described incompressible fluid.
9, compressor according to claim 8, wherein said at least one piezoelectric element is suitable for receiving electrically driven (operated) electrical signal.
10, compressor according to claim 9, wherein said electrical signal comprises a series of voltage pulses.
11, compressor according to claim 9, wherein said electrical signal comprises a series of current pulses.
12, compressor according to claim 8 also comprises baffle plate and piston spring, and described piston spring is installed in described baffle plate and described between the displacement component.
13, compressor according to claim 8, wherein said incompressible fluid comprises hydraulic oil or compressor lubricant oil.
14, compressor according to claim 8, the wherein said status of a sovereign move the area of contact of parts and incompressible fluid greater than described area of contact from displacement component and incompressible fluid.
15, a kind of fluid delivery system, has the piston cylinder assembly that can suck and discharge fluid continuously, the discharge side that wherein said piston cylinder assembly comprises piston, cylinder, has the suction chamber of suction valve and have expulsion valve, described fluid delivery system comprises:
At least one piezoelectric element;
The status of a sovereign that is connected on described at least one piezoelectric element is moved parts;
Be connected in described piston from displacement component; And
Move parts and the described incompressible fluid that is full of in the fixed predetermined volume of displacement component in the described status of a sovereign;
Wherein, drive in response to the electricity on described at least one piezoelectric element, the described displacement that moves parts according to the described status of a sovereign from the displacement of displacement component is exaggerated, the described displacement of being amplified depend on the described fixed predetermined volume and the described status of a sovereign move parts and described between the displacement component with the area of contact of described incompressible fluid.
16, fluid delivery system according to claim 15, wherein said at least one piezoelectric element is suitable for receiving electrically driven (operated) electrical signal.
17, fluid delivery system according to claim 16, wherein said electrical signal comprises a series of voltage pulses.
18, fluid delivery system according to claim 16, wherein said electrical signal comprises a series of current pulses.
19, fluid delivery system according to claim 15 also comprises baffle plate and piston spring, and described piston spring is installed in described baffle plate and described between the displacement component.
20, fluid delivery system according to claim 15, wherein said incompressible fluid comprises hydraulic oil or compressor lubricant oil.
21, fluid delivery system according to claim 15, the wherein said status of a sovereign move the area of contact of parts and incompressible fluid greater than described area of contact from displacement component and incompressible fluid.
CNB038165546A 2002-09-04 2003-07-24 Piezo-electric compressor with displacement amplifier Expired - Fee Related CN1313732C (en)

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SG200205376A SG109502A1 (en) 2002-09-04 2002-09-04 Piezo-electric compressor with displacement amplifier
SG200205376-7 2002-09-04
SG2002053767 2002-09-04

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CN1313732C true CN1313732C (en) 2007-05-02

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US (1) US20060051232A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1534955A4 (en)
CN (1) CN1313732C (en)
AU (1) AU2003259010A1 (en)
HK (1) HK1081252A1 (en)
MY (1) MY136102A (en)
SG (1) SG109502A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2004022972A1 (en)

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HK1081252A1 (en) 2006-05-12
CN1668848A (en) 2005-09-14
EP1534955A1 (en) 2005-06-01
EP1534955A4 (en) 2011-02-23
US20060051232A1 (en) 2006-03-09
SG109502A1 (en) 2005-03-30
WO2004022972A1 (en) 2004-03-18
MY136102A (en) 2008-08-29

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