CN1313618C

CN1313618C - Application of microorganism as tracer

Info

Publication number: CN1313618C
Application number: CNB200510107077XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘金峰; 牟伯中
Original assignee: East China University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: East China University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2003-06-17
Filing date: 2003-06-17
Publication date: 2007-05-02
Anticipated expiration: 2023-06-17
Also published as: CN1227542C; CN1757747A; CN1469134A

Abstract

The present invention relates to an application of a microorganism as a tracer, which comprises the following steps: the water quality and the indigenous microorganisms of the stratum water are analyzed; one microorganism is screened as the tracing microorganism from the existing aerobic or facultative anaerobic microorganisms, at least one of the three parameters (the thallus morphology, the colonial morphology and the growth temperature) of the screened microorganism is different from the parameter of the indigenous aerobis or facultative anaerobic microorganisms, and the screened microorganism can keep alive in the spore form or other hypopus forms in the oil pool environment; the screened microorganism is injected in the oil pool from a water injection well; a corresponding oil production well is sampled and detected, and the characteristics of the oil pool and the flow parameter of the injected water are analyzed according to the detected result. The method uses non-poisonous pollution-free microorganisms as the tracer, the existing water injection device in oil fields is used for injection, and the convenient microscope or the plate culture counting method is used for detection. The present invention is a scientific, economical and reliable tracing method in oil pools and oil fields, and has the advantages of convenient construction, low cost, wide detection range, high sensitivity, no harm to people and the environment, etc.

Description

Microorganism is as the application of tracer agent

The application is: denomination of invention is that microorganism tracing method, application number are 03129322.0 between a kind of oil reservoir well, the applying date is 2003.6.17, the application people divides an application for the patent of invention of East China University of Science.

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of oilfield exploitation method, be specifically related to the tracing method in the oilfield exploitation method.

Background technology

The primary oil recovery stage that the general at first experience of oilfield exploitation utilizes the blowing of oil reservoir self-energy to produce, as time passes, the continuous consumption of producing energy finally can not blowing production, at this moment adopt generally that water filling keeps producing energy in oil reservoir, enter secondary phase of oil production thus.Through once, secondary oil recovery, only can the original crude oil reserve of extraction oil reservoir about 30%, substantial oil is retained in the oil reservoir.The nonuniformity of oil reservoir is one of reason that causes this situation.Because the nonuniformity of oil reservoir, cause and inject water at first in the high oil reservoir channelling of rate of permeation, form " fingering " phenomenon, in oil reservoir, form serious water stream channel behind the breakthrough of injection water, a large amount of crude oil " bypass " in will being in, in the low permeability layer falls, and greatly reduces to inject ripples and efficient.At " bypass " problem of injecting water, developed multinomial technological method at present, as adjusting oil reservoir intake profile etc.For science more, use these technological methods effectively and improve flood effectiveness, must involve situation to the flow direction, the volume that injects water in the oil reservoir, the reservoir connected relation has clearly understanding between parameter such as velocity of flow, oil reservoir nonuniformity, oil reservoir high permeability band and the volume size thereof on vertically and well relatively.Tracer technique then is the practicable technology that obtains this understanding between well.

Tracer technique mainly is that tracer agent is injected oil reservoir by water injection well between well, tracer agent is migrated at oil reservoir with injecting water, by the producing well output, reservoir connected relation between parameter such as the flow direction of injecting water in the oil reservoir, velocity of flow, oil reservoir nonuniformity, high permeability band and the volume size thereof on vertically and well is carried out analysis and judgement according to the feature of tracer agent output.In addition, in water injection well, inject distributivity tracer agent and non-distributivity tracer agent simultaneously,, obtain two kinds of tracer agent response curves in producing well sampling, monitoring, according to tracer agent chromatography stalling characteristic and chromatographic theory in oil reservoir, can analyze definite remaining oil saturation at last.

Said tracer agent is meant and is soluble in carrier (as water) or is scattered in the carrier (as water), with the carrier migration, but information such as the flow direction of reaction carriers, flow velocity, material that can be detected under lower concentration.At present, the tracer agent that is used for the oil field mainly comprises 4 classes: 1. radio isotope: HTO (, water tracer), tritiate pentane, tritiate hexane, tritiate heptane, tritiate octane, tritiate benzene, tritiate toluene (oily tracer agent), tritiated hydrogen, tritiated methane (gaseous tracer), the butanols of tritiate butanols, tritiate amylalcohol, carbon-bearing-14 (profit distribution tracer agent) etc.; 2. the negatively charged ion that easily detects: CNS ^-, NO ₃ ^-, Br ^-, I ^-3. dyestuff: plain red, the dawn Y of carmine, mattress, dibromophenolphthalein, lemon yellow etc.; 4. low mass molecule alcohol: methyl alcohol, ethanol, Virahol, butanols, amylalcohol etc.

Above-mentioned tracer agent has obtained some application on the oil field, in use find to exist some shortcomings: need special department to throw in and detect as radioisotope tracer; Dye tracer is big in the surface of stratum adsorptive capacity, and it is many to analyze interfering factors, and instability lost efficacy when the residence time surpasses 5 days in the stratum; Low mass molecule alcohol tracer agent biologically stable is poor, must use with sterilant; Anionic inorganic salt tracer agent consumption big (5%-10%) can pollute local water or cause the mineralising of local water, wherein iodide ion price height (about 120,000 yuan per ton of NaI) or the like.In addition, some tracer agents also exist simultaneously to be had harm, Financial cost height, detection technique means complexity, need expensive detection equipment, environment is had pollution or the like human body, and this has further limited their application.

Summary of the invention

The technical issues that need to address of the present invention are to disclose the application of a kind of microorganism as tracer agent, to overcome above-mentioned a series of defectives that prior art exists.

Method of the present invention comprises the steps:

(1) analysis of the aerobic and amphimicrobe thalli morphology of local water water quality analysis and local water original inhabitants, colonial morphology, growth temperature;

(2) in existing aerobic or amphimicrobe screening at least in thalli morphology, colonial morphology or three parameters of growth temperature one aerobic with the local water original inhabitants and amphimicrobe is different, can gemma under reservoir media or the microorganism of the form maintenance life of other hypopuss as the spike microorganism;

(3) with injection water said spike microbial fermentation solution being diluted to volumetric concentration is 4%-10%, is injected in the oil reservoir by water injection well, and spike microbial fermentation solution injection rate is 5-20m ³/ well;

The consumption of spike microbial fermentation solution depends primarily on factors such as the adsorptive capacity of the test characteristic on stratum such as porosity, water saturation, nonuniformity etc., microorganism rock surface in the stratum and injector producer distance.Reference Brigham W E, et al.SPE1130,1965 disclosed chemical tracer consumption method of calculation (Brigham and Smith formula) are considered the specific seepage characteristic of spike microorganism in porous medium, and it is 5-20m that every mouthful of test pit injects spike microbial fermentation liquid measure ³Comparatively suitable, output spike this moment microorganism concn peak value about 10 ³-10 ⁴Cells/ml can conveniently detect, and the responding range of broad is arranged again.

Said spike microorganism comprises following microorganism, but is not limited to these microorganisms:

Document: Nazina T N, Ivanova A E, Mityushina L L, et al.Thermophilichydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteria from oil fields.Mikrobiologiya, 62 (3), 583～592,1993 disclosed happiness heat are bitten oily genus bacillus (B.thermoleovorans), in causing, Peng Qian, Ma Jun, Chen Junying. the research of Yunnan hot spring high temperature bacterium: the extreme thermophilic bud pole bacterium in the acid high temperature hot spring of VII. Tengchong. microorganism journal 29 (3), 161-165,1989 disclosed bacstearothermophilus (B.stearothermophilus) and documents: Jenneman G E, et al.a halotolerant biosurfactant-producing bacillus species potentially useful for enhanced oil recovery.Development in industrial microbiology, 25,485-492,1983, Brant R S, DouglasJ.Evaluation of microbial systems in porous media for EOR.SPERE (may1988), 489-495 and Yakimov M M, Amro M M, Bock M, et al.The potential ofBacillus licheniformis strains in situ enhanced oil recovery.J.Pet.Sci.Eng., 18 (1/2), 147-160,1997 disclosed Bacillus licheniformis (B.licheniformis), document: Gurerra-Santos L, Kappeli O, Fiechter A.Pseudomonas aeruginosabiosurfactant production in continuous culture with glucose as carbon source.Appl.Environ.Microbiol.48,301-305,1984 and Desai J D, Banat I M.Microbial production of surfactants and their commercial potential.Microbiol.Mol.Biol.Rev., 61 (1), 47-64,1997 disclosed Pseudomonas aeruginosas (P.aeruginosa), document: Makkar R S, Cameotra S S.Biosurfactant production by a thermophilicBacillus subtilis strain.J.Ind.Microbiol.Biotechnol., 18 (1), 37-42,1997 disclosed subtilises (B.subtilis), document: Kim D S, Fogler H S.The effects ofexopolymers on cell morphology and culturability of Leuconostocmesenteroides during starvation.Appl.Microbiological Biotechnology, 52 (6), 839-844,1999 disclosed Leuconostoc mesenteroides (L.mesenteroides), document: Belyaev S S, Borzenkov I A, Milekhina E I, et al.Halotolerant and extremely halophilic oil-oxidizing bacteria in oil fields.Dev.Pet.Sci., 39 (Microbial Enhancement ofOil Recovery:Recent Advances), 79-88,1993 disclosed salt bacillus (H.distribution), document: Milekhina E I, Borzenkov I A, Zvyagintseva I S, et al.Charactehzation of a hydrocarbon-oxidizing Rhodococcus erythropolis strainisolated from an oil field.Microbiology, 67 (3), 271-274, a kind of in the 1998 disclosed Rhodococcus bacterium such as (R.erythropolis) preferably likes heat and bites oily genus bacillus or bacstearothermophilus.

(4) sampling analysis:

After in oil reservoir, injecting the spike microorganism by water injection well, can gather output liquid sample at producing well, sampling period can be as requested measuring accuracy, reference test well group water filling breakthrough time, the water filling data such as dynamic change of being benefited determines and optimizes that the general sample period is 1-5 days; Behind the sample collecting, in 24 hours, detect, can adopt the microscopic examination thalli morphology, utilize the dull and stereotyped concentration that counting process is observed colonial morphology and determined the spike microorganism of cultivating, utilize the different growth temperatures of microorganism comparatively to cultivate the spike microorganism of injecting in specificity ground, can use or unite the use aforesaid method separately in the testing process.Distinguish in the feature of stratum indigenous microorganism according to the spike microorganism of injecting, can easily both be distinguished, obtain to inject the output information of spike microorganism.

According to the output information of the spike microorganism of injecting, analyze between parameter such as the flow direction of injecting water in the oil reservoir, velocity of flow, oil reservoir nonuniformity, high permeability band and the volume size thereof on vertically and well reservoir connected relation etc.

The microorganism tracer method is a tracer agent with nontoxic, free of contamination microorganism between the oil reservoir well that the present invention proposes, utilize the former water filling device in oil field to inject, adopt easy microscope or the dull and stereotyped counting process of cultivating to detect (need not large-scale Analytical equipment and complicated detection means), by fluid produced by oil production well is detected in real time, obtain the information of spike microorganism output, can make analysis and judgement to the flow parameter of reservoir characteristics and injection water thus.Therefore, the present invention is a tracing method between the oil reservoir well of a kind of not only science but also economic and reliable, has easy construction, the source of goods is wide, cost is low, sensing range is wide by (10 ⁰Cells/ml～10 ⁹Cells/ml), highly sensitive, easy to detect, do not need large-scale test set, to people and advantage such as environmentally friendly.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1

28, on April of certain oil field, inject radioisotope tracer (15 Curie) by water injection well I, to determine to inject the water seepage direction, during April to November, 6 mouthfuls of producing wells to this water injection well correspondence are monitored, the P2 well was seen tracer agent after 52 days as a result, calculated seepage velocity: 6.25m/d; The P6 well was seen tracer agent in 69 days, calculated seepage velocity: 3.5m/d.Other 4 mouthfuls of producing wells there is no tracer agent.As seen, the main seepage direction of water injection well I injection water is P2 and P6 well direction.

After 3 years, injecting microorganism at the I well, is bacstearothermophilus because bacterial classification injects in institute, does not contain the indigenous bacterium of the type in the oil reservoir, so has carried out testing easily according to this feature.Inject preceding 3 days, inject and to gather output liquid sample and analyze at the producing well of correspondence in back 26 days, 67 days, the sample of gathering in back 67 days in injection detects and injects microorganism, P2 well concentration is 50cells/ml, the P6 well is 200cells/ml.By this calculating, seepage velocity is about 3.6m/d.

Claims

1. bacstearothermophilus (B.stearothermophilus) is as spike application of microorganism between the oil reservoir well.