CN1309907C

CN1309907C - Turnout/crossover section for railway track

Info

Publication number: CN1309907C
Application number: CNB038243105A
Authority: CN
Inventors: D·麦卡勒姆
Original assignee: Scott Track Ip Co Ltd
Current assignee: Non invasive cross Systems Ltd
Priority date: 2002-08-16
Filing date: 2003-08-14
Publication date: 2007-04-11
Anticipated expiration: 2023-08-14
Also published as: ZA200501348B; CN1688766A; GB0219066D0; TNSN05031A1

Abstract

A turnout for a railway track having a raised track surface to provide a path along which the wheels of a train can travel from one railway track to another. The raised track surface is of a sufficient height such that the wheels of the train are arranged to clear each railway track being crossed. The turnout facilitates Single Line Working on a second railway track to clear a first railway track for maintenance or other purposes. Pot sleepers for supporting rails of a railway track (10) and a method of installing them is also described.

Description

Track switch/the cross section that is used for railroad track

The present invention relates to a kind of track switch and cross section of railroad track, particularly but not exclusively relate to interim non-insertion track switch and the cross section that a kind of railroad track is provided.

Railroad track needs to safeguard termly, for carrying out this maintenance, needs maintained rail portion must remove train.This track is normally suspended traffic, also can during such, suspend traffic, make to cause train cancellation or train to be transferred to a bit of time of other route or longer time (obstruction).In some cases, train is transferred to one section finite time of adjacent orbit (that is, several hours) from the track of safeguarding, turns back to preliminary orbit then.Train is transferred to adjacent orbit by the cross section of track and is returned by second cross section.This is called as " single-line operation " (Single Line Working) (SLW) in the art.Traditionally, owing to the rail portion that cross section is inserted into must be blocked, so each cross section all inserts; This comprises and blocks the existing rail of each railroad track and interim cross section is installed for twice, and logical signal emission interface is provided in installation switching device.Yet this plug-in type cross section is more expensive and need considerable time to plan and install, and wherein only programming phase just may 2 years consuming time.Only the method that addresses this problem of another that know allows the nearest cross section switching of train before or after maintenance position, but these cross sections may be outside several miles, if therefore maintenance or maintenance only need be carried out on several meters track, the train of both direction may (be single-line operation for miles and miles being forced to a shared railway line so, SLW), perhaps may be transferred on other route on a large scale, thereby caused poor efficiency and delay.

The personnel of railway systems also will be appreciated that passenger and the contradiction between the goods train of working at night that needs the train service by day, and these maintenances and maintenance therefore almost have no time to carry out.Maximum difficulty is to be difficult to find the approach of safeguarding track economically.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that cross section comprises two independent track switches, one of them track switch can be used separately or can be intersected to form with another track switch combination.

In the application's content, should be noted that the non-insertion cross section does not pass on the rail to be crossed over, but be connected across on the rail to be crossed over.

According to a first aspect of the invention, a kind of track switch that is used for railroad track is provided, this track switch comprises raised track surface, it is suitable for providing a path, wheel along this path train can move to another railroad track from a railroad track, wherein this raised track surface has enough height, makes the wheel of the train described railroad track of can jumping over.

According to a first aspect of the invention, also provide a kind of train is transferred to the method for second railroad track from first railroad track, this method may further comprise the steps:

Raised track surface is provided, and this raised track surface is suitable for providing a path, can transfer to second railroad track from described first railroad track along the wheel of this path train;

Along described first track with drive train on described raised track surface, wherein said raised track surface has enough height, makes the wheel of train can jump at least one (preferably both) in described first railroad track and second railroad track.

The present invention has the advantage that allows the short distance single-line operation.

Preferably, cross section comprises a pair of described track switch.

According to a second aspect of the invention, a kind of system is provided, the single-line operation that this system is convenient on second railroad track is jumped over first railroad track to be used for maintenance or other purpose, this system comprises the first and second non-insertion cross sections, the described second non-insertion cross section is at this longitudinal axis and described first non-insertion cross section interval to railroad track, thereby a path is provided, can moves to second railroad track and move to first railroad track from first railroad track from second railroad track along the wheel of this path train.

According to a second aspect of the invention, also provide a kind of method, this method can make the single-line operation on second railroad track jump over first railroad track to be used for safeguarding or other purpose that this method may further comprise the steps:

The first non-insertion cross section is provided;

Provide the second non-insertion cross section in this longitudinal axis and described first non-insertion cross section position at interval to railroad track;

Pass through train along the described first non-insertion cross section;

Partly pass through train along second railroad track between the described first and second non-insertion cross sections;

Pass through train along the described second non-insertion cross section, thereby train turns back to the position on described first railroad track, this position at the vertical and described first non-insertion cross section at interval.

Typically, the first and/or second non-insertion cross section comprises raised track surface, and preferably this raised track surface has the bracing or strutting arrangement that allows train to pass through.

Typically, each of the first and second non-insertion cross sections all comprises a pair of track switch, and preferably each all comprises a pair of rail to track switch.

Typically, each rail of track switch further comprises inclined surface, and wherein, preferably end tilts to the high height end this inclined surface from lacking height or not having highly.Most preferably, this inclined surface comprises from short height or does not have the linear tilt of highly holding to the high height end that preferably described high height end is identical with the height of described raised track surface.Typically, the high height end of described inclined surface is near an end of described raised track surface, the two combination to be providing a path, allows wheel to keep between a pair of noseiron rail distance basic identical simultaneously along this path movement, described noseiron rail be combined to form described raised track surface.Preferably, described inclined surface comprises the slope of each rail, and wherein these two slopes preferably tilt simultaneously, has typically avoided the differing heights of each rail.

In the first embodiment, at least a portion of each rail of raised track surface can comprise the groove that is formed at wherein, this groove is typically in the rail lower head, wherein this groove can be arranged to be positioned on the rail to be crossed over or, the rail head is detachably fixed to rail described to be crossed on every side.

In second preferred embodiment, at least a portion of each rail of the raised track surface of a typically formation intersection rail or a switching rail part comprises the rail head, this rail header arrangement becomes to be positioned on the support component or on every side, and this support component preferably is arranged to be positioned on the rail to be crossed over or on every side.Preferably, this support component is arranged to make its longitudinal axis to be parallel to the rail of main rail.Preferably, support component comprises at least one upper support element and at least one lower support element.Preferably, the upper support element is a plane, and more preferably, the upper surface of upper support element is connected at least a portion of raised track soffit.Preferably, another part at least of raised track surface typically is inclined surface, and it is supported by main rail and fastening devices.

Typically, the upper support plane component is wideer than one existing rail in first and second railroad tracks basically.

Preferably, the upper support plane component is a rectangle, and more preferably, it adopts the form of plate.

Preferably, the length along the upper support element provides a pair of guiding device.Preferably, this guiding device is parallel to the longitudinal axis of upper support element, and more preferably, in use, this guiding device is outstanding downwards in order, to stride on the existing rail that stands in the first and second existing railroad tracks.

Preferably, a pair of lower support element is provided in the both sides of at least a portion of existing rail.

Preferably, this provides shape, width and the position that is similar to the upper support element substantially to the lower support elements combination with the existing railroad track in edge, and be suitable for removably being engaged in this, more preferably, removably fix therewith, the soffit of wherein said upper support plane component is preferably located on the upper space of lower support element.

Selectively, the lower support elements combination becomes longer and/or wideer than upper support element.

Preferably, can allow train along the first and/or second existing railroad track cruising, wherein by break away from one or more parts of cross section from the first and/or second existing railroad track, train can not travel between the first and second existing railroad tracks.Preferably, described one or more removable sections comprise at least one slope, the first of raised track surface, at least one upper support element and stay second portion and at least one lower support element of the raised track surface of original position.

Typically, at least a portion of preferably identical with aforementioned part raised track surface is formed on the rail head, perhaps more particularly, when relating to the intersection rail, when being protruding crossing member, wherein the height of this protruding crossing member equals and is preferably more than the degree of depth of the rim section of train wheel at least.

Typically, this raised track surface comprises a plurality of rail elements, and the one or more of this rail element have away from the bend radius of a railroad track towards another railroad track.

Preferably, a plurality of railway elements combination have the track switch on basic continuous rail surface with formation, and comprise following parts:

Inclined element, it is suitable for train wheel is brought up to this height of projection;

The bend radius rail, it is suitable for train is pushed to another railroad track from a railroad track;

Basic straight rail, it is suitable for train is transferred to another track from the bend radius rail of a track; With

The intersection rail, it is suitable for allowing train to cross the interior rail that has railroad tracks in first and second of described height of projection.

Typically, at least a portion of raised track surface, for example basic straight rail supports in side direction and/or vertical direction at the supported device in a plurality of positions along its length.Preferably, this bracing or strutting arrangement comprises a plurality of pot holder shape sleeper devices.

Preferably, one or more track switches are interim track switches, more preferably are non-insertion track switches.

The ground third aspect according to the present invention provides a kind of pot holder shape sleeper that is used to support the rail of railroad track, and this pot holder shape sleeper comprises:

Main body, in use it has the upper surface of substantially flat, and rail can be connected on this surface;

Before and the rear surface, its and upper surface extend downwards at an angle, have the following engagement edge that is used for kiss the earth with the rear surface before described; With

A pair of side, itself and upper surface extend downwards at an angle, the distance that the distance of this extension is extended greater than before described and rear surface.

A third aspect of the present invention has such advantage, in use this extend in the ground side, the side direction (side direction) of resisting pot holder shape sleeper thus moves, and the main weight of pot holder shape sleeper, rail and train is born by the downside of the upper surface of engagement edge and/or substantially flat simultaneously.

Preferably, the cross-sectional area with rear side is bigger before the surface area ratio of described engagement edge down.

Preferably, described before and the combination of rear surface and upper surface fall " U " shape main body to form, this is somebody's turn to do the longitudinal axis of " U " shape main body with sealing to the side combination simultaneously.Preferably, this main body is a hollow, wherein this hollow body can partly or wholly be filled with packing material, more preferably, described engagement edge is formed by the lip limit, this lip limit from main body inwardly or outwards (outwards preferred) outstanding, in use being that main body on the horizontal plane provides bigger surface area.

Typically, upper surface provides the linkage that connects pot holder shape sleeper and rail.Preferably, provide the bindiny mechanism that a pot holder shape sleeper is connected to another pot holder shape sleeper separately, wherein this bindiny mechanism can be included in the basic rigid element of extending between these two pot holder shape sleepers.Typically, this basic rigid element can be arranged to pass through from the rail below of existing railroad track.

Preferably, this pot holder shape sleeper is pressed in the ballast aggregate of ground by mechanical device, and described mechanical device can be the oscillating machinery device.Typically, in use can in hollow body, further insert ballast aggregate or other material height with maintenance/increase pot holder shape sleeper.

As just example, referring now to accompanying drawing embodiment of the present invention are described, wherein:

Fig. 1 is the plan view of first embodiment of interim non-insertion track switch of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the plan view of Fig. 1 track switch part of highlighting as details 1;

Fig. 3 a is the cross-sectional view along the section B-B of Fig. 2;

Fig. 3 b is the lateral view along the track switch part shown in the A-A direction of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is the nearly sight view as the G-shaped clamp pincers shown in Figure 6 (G-clamp) of details 2;

Fig. 5 is the nearly sight view as the pincers of G-shaped clamp shown in Fig. 7 a of details 3;

Fig. 6 is the cross-sectional view along the cross section C-C of Fig. 1;

Fig. 7 a is the cross-sectional view along the cross section D-D of Fig. 1;

Fig. 7 b is the lateral view of the track switch part shown in Fig. 7 a;

Fig. 8 is the cross-sectional view along the cross section E-E of Fig. 1;

Fig. 9 a is the nearly sight plan view as a track switch part shown in Fig. 1 of details 4;

Fig. 9 b is the cross-sectional view along the cross section F-F of Fig. 9 a;

Figure 10 is the scale model stereogram during installation of interim non-insertion track switch, and it is identical with the present invention's embodiment shown in Figure 1 basically.

Figure 11 is the stereogram of track switch part during further constructing among Figure 10;

Figure 12 is the stereogram of track switch part during further constructing among Figure 11;

Figure 13 is the stereogram of track switch part during further constructing among Figure 12;

Figure 14 is the plan view of track switch part one end among Figure 13;

Figure 15 is the stereogram that train model enters the track switch portion timesharing of Figure 14;

Figure 16 is the stereogram that the model of Figure 15 partly advances at track switch;

Figure 17 is the stereogram that the model of Figure 16 further partly advances at track switch;

Figure 18 is the stereogram of the model of Figure 17 near track switch part end;

Figure 19 a is the plan view of another preferred embodiment of switching rail shown in Figure 1, and the rail of wherein transferring is installed on the gripper shoe;

Figure 19 b is the cross-sectional view of switching rail among Figure 19 a;

Figure 19 c is the plan view of switching rail and gripper shoe among Figure 19 a;

Figure 19 d is the lateral view of gripper shoe among Figure 19 a;

Figure 19 e is the lateral view of switching rail one end among Figure 19 a;

Figure 19 f is the end-view of the described end of switching rail among Figure 19 e;

Figure 20 a is the plan view of another embodiment of the rail of intersection shown in Fig. 1;

Figure 20 b is the cross-sectional view of intersection rail among Figure 20 a;

Figure 20 c is the lateral view of intersection rail one end among Figure 20 a;

Figure 20 d is the end-view of the described end of intersection rail among Figure 20 c;

Figure 21 a is the plan view of the intersection rail of Figure 20 a when crossing over the existing rail of railroad track;

Figure 21 b is the cross-sectional view along the intersection rail of the line A-A of Figure 21 a;

Figure 21 c is the plan view of the intersection rail of Figure 21 a, and it is for clear and not shown existing rail;

Figure 21 d is the lateral view of intersection rail among Figure 21 c;

Figure 22 a, b, c and d are with the possibility of the special rails of lattice (gutt rail) use of Fig. 1 track switch/special rail arrangement for deflecting of optional lattice lateral view;

Figure 23 a is the usual friendship support component that is used to support the switching rail of Figure 19 a;

Figure 23 b is the cross-sectional view of the usual friendship support component of Figure 23 a;

Figure 23 c is the thin facial planes figure of usual friendship support component, and this usual friendship support component is an alternate embodiment that is used to support the intersection rail of Fig. 1 track switch;

Figure 23 d is the usual friendship support component of Figure 23 c and the cross-sectional view of intersection rail;

Figure 23 e is the general layout view that shows the position of usual friendship support component in cross section of Figure 23 c;

Figure 24 a is another stereogram alternative and embodiment preferred of track switch of the present invention;

Figure 24 b is the switching rail and the plan view of inclination rail with relevant usual friendship support component of track switch among Figure 24 a;

Figure 24 c is the stereogram of the interim track switch of Figure 24 a, has also shown the layout of the pot holder shape sleeper of third aspect present invention;

Figure 25 a is the lateral view of inclination rail that leads to the switching rail of track switch among Figure 24 a;

Figure 25 b shows the stereogram of a train wheel directly over the inclination rail of Figure 25 a;

Figure 26 is the stereogram that shows inclination rail and leaning device;

Figure 27 a and 28a are the intersection rail stereograms during installation that shows Figure 24 a;

Figure 29 a, b, c, d show that train wheel is by the end-view of a part of support component of Figure 24 b during the cruising;

Figure 29 a and 29f have shown the support component of Figure 29 a during the cruising and the position of Ge Te rail;

Figure 29 g is the stereogram of support component before installation that shows Figure 29 a;

Figure 30 shows that train is by the intersection rail of Figure 29 a and the stereogram of the main orbit of jumping over simultaneously;

Figure 31 a and 31b are inclination rail and the switching rail stereograms during installation of Figure 29 a;

Figure 32 a is the plan view that shows the pot holder shape sleeper layout of Figure 24 c;

Figure 32 b is the plan view that shows two pot holder shape sleeper devices among Figure 24 c that is linked together by rigid frame;

Figure 32 c has shown the looking closely of pot holder shape sleeper device among Figure 24 c, side-looking and plan view;

Figure 33 a shows the pot holder shape sleeper of Figure 32 b that is positioned at operating position and the stereogram of the erection of steel work;

Figure 33 b is the stereogram of the pot holder shape sleeper device of Figure 24 c, and this pot holder shape sleeper has the sample rail part that is fixed to the upper;

Figure 34 a is the lateral view of the pot holder shape sleeper device of Figure 24 c, and this pot holder shape sleeper has the sample rail part that is fixed to the upper;

Figure 34 b shows the pot holder shape sleeper device of Figure 24 c that is positioned at operating position and the stereogram of switching rail;

Figure 35 a and 35b are the stereograms that shows the layout of pot holder shape sleeper device among Figure 24 c.

Fig. 1 has shown the non-insertion track switch that totally is expressed as 10 first embodiment of the invention.The reader is to be understood that the non-insertion track switch 10 at two intervals can be used on a part of track to provide non-insertion to intersect.

As shown in Figure 1, interim non-insertion track switch 10 connects south orientation track 12 and north orientation tracks 14, transfers to north orientation track 14 and the train (not shown) that moves to the south can turn back to south orientation track 12 thereby make from south orientation track 12.In this case, a part of south orientation track 12 ' can be by maintenance/maintenance.Expert reader can recognize the transferring route that can install and adopt other.

Interim non-insertion track switch 10 comprises many parts, will describe these parts now.

Non-insertion track switch 10 comprises a pair of track switch track 16,18 and a plurality of interim sleeper 20.For ease of reference, track switch track 16 expression left-hand turnout tracks 16, track switch track 18 expression right-hand turnout tracks 18.

From the left end of Fig. 1, left-hand turnout track 16 comprises inclination rail 22L.The topmost of inclination rail 22L is a wedge shape, its upper space tilts to its low order end linearly from its high order end, the height of described high order end is 0mm, the height of described low order end is 50mm, this linear tilt can be at Fig. 7 B, find out among 25A and the 25B that above-mentioned each figure shows that inclination rail 22 has the sufficient length of 1700mm, thereby make that the angle that tilts is more slow relatively.Inclination rail 22L holds the left rail 14L that mechanism 32 is connected to north orientation by G-shaped clamp shown in Figure 5; Yet it should be noted that the clamping device that also can use other type.Inclination rail 22 comprises head 51, and this head is positioned on the upper flat surface of track 12,14.Neck 53 51 penetralia edge from the head extends downwards, and wherein this neck 53 is shaped as the shape of the inner face of matching track 12,14 basically.

G-shaped clamp is held mechanism 32 and is comprised G-shaped clamp pincers 34, an end of this clamp around and bear against the vertical surface of the track 12,14 relative with neck 53.The neck 53 of bench vice 36 from the other end of G-shaped clamp pincers 34 towards inclination rail 22 extends, thereby bench vice 36 can be pressed into or clamp-on to form a fixed connection with neck 53.Preferably, the type of bench vice 36 is the types that can easily assemble and dismantle at short notice.

The rail 22L that from left to right and then tilts, left-hand turnout track 16 then comprise switching rail 24L, and the high order end of this switching rail is provided for docking the low order end of inclination rail 22L, shown in Fig. 7 b.As shown in Figure 6, switching rail 24L, 24R comprises head 55L separately, 55R, and the rail 24L that should transfer, 24R curves inwardly towards south orientation track 12 along its length, thereby away from north orientation track 14.That is to say that switching rail 24L is located immediately on the north orientation track 14L near the end of inclination rail 22L, and the opposite end of switching rail 24L is away from north orientation track 14L.Yet head 55 comprises the linear height of the about 50mm that flatly is provided with along its length.Switching rail 24L also comprises neck 57L.Easily, as shown in Figure 4, in the end of the most close inclination rail of switching rail 24L 22L, neck 57L can have the groove that is formed at wherein, thereby the topmost of north orientation track 14L can be inwardly outstanding by described groove.Selectively, described groove can be omitted, and neck 57L complies with the shape of the inner face of north orientation track 14L.Switching rail 24L holds mechanism 62 by G-shaped clamp removably and is fixed to north orientation track 14L, and the mode of operation that described G-shaped clamp is held mechanism is identical with the mode of operation that the G-shaped clamp of Fig. 5 is held mechanism 32.This G-shaped clamp shown in Figure 4 is held mechanism 62 and is comprised similar G-shaped clamp pincers 64 and bench vice 66.Switching rail 24L holds mechanism 62 with low order end by this G-shaped clamp therebetween and interim sleeper 20 is supported from the bottom.It should be noted that used term " inner face " represents each track switch track 16,18 face of break-in therefrom.

The rail 24L that from left to right and then transfers, left-hand turnout track 16 then comprise the special rail 26L of lattice.The special rail 26L of this lattice has I shape cross section, and this I shape cross section is similar to the I shape cross section such as 12,14 such normal orbits substantially.The special rail 26L of lattice continuous bend, its bend radius approximates the bend radius of switching rail 24L greatly.The clamping device that the special rail 26L of lattice is fixed to north orientation track 14L is similar to clamping device shown in Figure 8, and it will be described subsequently.Once more, the special rail 26L of lattice is supported from the bottom by clamping device and interim sleeper 20, thereby makes its upper horizontal surface 50mm on south orientation track 12 and north orientation track 14 greatly.

Up to the present because right-hand turnout track 18 from left to right comprises inclination rail 22R in Fig. 1, switching rail 24R and Ge Te rail 26R, thus right-hand turnout track 18 basically with 16 one-tenth mirror image symmetries of left-hand turnout track.

From left to right, after the special rail 26L of lattice, left-hand turnout track 16 comprises straight rail 28L, thereby this straight rail does not have bend radius and be supported by interim sleeper 20, so that its upper horizontal surface 50mm on south orientation track 12 and north orientation track 14 greatly.

And then straight rail 28L, left-hand turnout track 16 comprise intersection rail 30L, and this intersection rail is similar to the intersection rail 30R that will be described subsequently substantially.

And then the special rail 26R of lattice, right-hand turnout track 18 comprise and intersect rail 30R, show in detail this intersection rail 30R among Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 A and the 3B.Intersect rail 30R its end and near comprise I shape cross section basically, this I shape cross section I shape cross section with above-mentioned south orientation track 12 and north orientation track 14 basically is identical.Therefore, its end and near, the rail 30R that intersects comprises head 59 and neck 61.Yet, provide groove or gap 31 near the mid point of rail 30R along intersecting a part of length of rail 30R intersecting, thus as among Fig. 3 B the most clearly shown in, in the zone of groove 31, do not have neck 61.The rail 30R that intersects is arranged to cross over north orientation rail 14L, thereby north orientation rail 14L is positioned at groove 31.Therefore, since intersect rail 30R once more by interim sleeper 20 from bottom support so that its head 59 has the height of about 50mm, and be horizontal arrangement owing to intersect rail 30R, therefore intersect the upper space of rail 30R than the about high 50mm in the upper space of south orientation track 12 and north orientation track 14.

From left to right, and then intersect rail 30R, right-hand turnout track 18 then comprises straight rail 28R, and this straight rail is basically with the function of aforesaid straight rail 28L with arrange identical.Similarly, cross over the south orientation track 12R except intersecting rail 30L, intersect rail 30L on function and layout basically with to intersect rail 30R identical.

From left to right, after intersection rail 30L, left-hand turnout track 16 comprises the special rail 42L of lattice, the special rail 42L of these lattice is following switching rail 44L in the back, and after switching rail 44L, following inclination rail 46L, they are in function and arrange and distinguish the special rail 26L of dative basically that 24L is identical with inclination rail 22L for the switching rail.

From left to right, after straight rail 28R, right-hand turnout track 18 comprises the special rail 22R of lattice, the special rail 22R of these lattice is following switching rail 44R in the back, and after switching rail 44R, following inclination rail 46R, they are in function and arrange and distinguish the special rail 26R of dative basically that 24R is identical with inclination rail 22R for the switching rail.

As shown in Figure 8, the special rail 42L of lattice, (with the special rail 26L that passes, 26R) by J-shaped blocking device 68L, 68R and lengthening G-shaped clamp are held the 70L of mechanism to 42R, and 70R is clipped to south orientation track 12L, 12R.To describe J-shaped blocking device 68L and G-shaped clamp now and hold the 70L of mechanism, but those skilled in the art can understand, except they are rotated 180 °, J-shaped blocking device 68R and G-shaped clamp are held the 70R of mechanism to hold the 70L of mechanism identical with J-shaped blocking device 68L and G-shaped clamp basically.The special rail 42L of lattice by J-shaped blocking device 68L and south orientation track 12L at interval, described J-shaped blocking device 68L is preferably formed by any hard material, its be shaped as fit in rail heart portion with the setpoint distance between the maintenance rail.As shown in Figure 8, J-shaped blocking device 68L arranges like this, make its not only flatly at interval special rail 42L of lattice and south orientation track 12L, and it also vertically at interval they, be horizontally disposed with the surface and approximately vertically exceed 50mm thereby the topmost of the special rail 42L of lattice is horizontally disposed with the topmost of surface ratio south orientation track 12L.G-shaped clamp is held the 70L of mechanism and by J-shaped blocking device 68L the special rail 42L of lattice is clipped to south orientation track 12L, and G-shaped clamp is held the 70L of mechanism and comprised once more by rail 12L, the bench vice 76L of 42L or bolt device and J-shaped blocking device 68L or similar device.

Shown in Fig. 9 A, it should be noted that left-hand turnout track 16 and right-hand turnout track 18 can provide pot holder shape sleeper device 80, two pot holder shape sleeper device 80L wherein, 80R is by steelframe 82L, and 82R links together, wherein steelframe 82L, 82R can be by two parts 82L, 82R provides, and these two parts are connected to each other by suitable fastening devices 84 in its outermost end, for example the nuts and bolt (not shown).In order to increase the rigidity of the interim track switch 10 of non-insertion, therefore, pot holder shape sleeper device 80L, 80R can be used in the interim sleeper 20 of replacement (shown in Figure 32 A and 33A) and maybe can be provided on original position or the existing wooden sleeper.

Figure 33 B and 34A more specifically show pot holder shape sleeper device 80, and it has the sample rail part that is fixed on the appropriate location.The beam shape part 84 of pot holder shape sleeper device 80 has hollow, inverted U-shaped cross section, and this cross section stretches out forward to form lip limit 88 bottom inverted U-shaped every side.End plate 90 is connected to each end of beam shape part 84, thereby each end plate 90 is vertically outstanding downwards and through lip limit 88, this is outstanding downwards general in the scope of 100mm.Sample rail part 86 is connected to beam shape part 84 by traditional " pandrol " folder 92, and this is clipped on the railway systems is well-known.

When pot holder shape sleeper 80 was in the appropriate location, end plate 90 stretched in ballast aggregate or the stone (not shown in Figure 33 B), and 88 is fair with the ballast aggregate (not shown) up to the lip limit.Plate 90 give prominence to pot holder shape sleeper 80 main shafts vertically and vertical direction increased the lateral stability of pot holder shape sleeper 80, make the quality of pot holder shape sleeper device 80 keep minimum simultaneously.Lip limit 88 also provides bigger area or basal surface for pot holder shape sleeper 80, and when bearing load on the pot holder shape sleeper 80 (, during train 5 passes through), this has been avoided it to go into the ballast aggregate (not shown) above the desired depth earth subsidence.

The scale model of non-insertion track switch 10 segment paths during Figure 10 shows and constructs; Be to be understood that the scale model shown in Figure 10 has omitted straight rail 28L, 28R has also omitted switching rail 44L, 44R, but should expect straight rail 28L, 28R and switching rail 44L, 44R can be used for the track 12,14 of actual size.

Figure 10 demonstrates a pair of interim sleeper 20 and has been laid, the special rail 42L of lattice, and 42R has been fixed to interim sleeper 20, also is fixed to south orientation track 12L, 12R simultaneously.Also should be noted that at the special rail 42R of Figure 10 lattice to the model shown in Figure 180 and be actually switching rail 44L, the more elongated formula of 44R.The rail 30L that intersects also is mounted, thereby it crosses over south orientation track 12R.Figure 11 has shown that Ge Te/switching rail 26L then is mounted, and lattice spy/switching rail 26R then is installed in Figure 12, and intersection rail 30R then is installed as shown in figure 13.Afterwards, inclination rail 22L, 22R are fixed to north orientation track 14L separately, 14R.

Figure 15 has shown the model 5 of train, and it moves southwards and inclination rail 22L, 22R have been installed along north orientation track 14.It should be noted that inclination rail 22L especially, 22R makes the wheel (not shown) of train and train model 5 be enhanced enough height, thereby the rim section of wheel just vertically is positioned at normal orbit 14L, on the placement height of 14R.Therefore, as shown in figure 16, when train model 5 moves to intersection rail 30L, when 30R is last, left-hand turnout track 16 and right-hand turnout track 18 are in enough height, make the rim section of wheel 7 can jump over north orientation track 14L and south orientation track 12R, the rim section of described wheel 7 is generally used for the train of train model 5 and full-size(d) is kept in orbit.Model 15 shown in Figure 17 arrives position shown in Figure 180 by the interim track switch 10 of non-insertion up to it continuously, and the figure illustrates model 5 will be by inclination rail 46L, and 46R normally south advances along south orientation track 12 then.

The embodiment of non-insertion track switch 10 described here has very big advantage, and this advantage is that track 12R and 14L do not need to be blocked, if insert in the track 12,14 with the interim track switch of traditional plug-in type, so this blocking is normal way.And, those skilled in the art are appreciated that, if in fact train need not cross on another track 14 from track 12 by the interim track switch 10 of non-insertion, the rail 22 or 46 that tilts so as required can be removed with intersection rail 30L or 30R with switching rail 24 or 44 separately, and similarly train can bypass pass through the interim track switch 10 of non-insertion.

To the non-insertion track switch of another interchangeable preferred embodiment of the present invention will described with reference to figure 19-35.

Order along the rail part length mode of the track switch track of Figure 19-35 is identical with the embodiment (Fig. 1) of front, that is, from the left-hand end of left-hand turnout track 16, to pair of angled rail 21,22, to a pair of switching rail 23,24, to the special rail 25 of a plaid matching, 26, to pair of cross rail 29,30, or the like.

The present embodiment medium dip rail 21,22 totally is similar to the embodiment of front with the device that is connected inclination rail 21,22 (G-shaped clamp is held mechanism 32, by the expression of 32 among Figure 26), so does not need to further describe.

Follow rail 21,22, Figure 19 A and 19B and Figure 24 A, 24B, 24C has shown a pair of generally by the switching rail unit of 100 expressions, and it comprises switching rail head 50, plane component or plate 38, guiding device 60, its form of expression is outstanding downwards guide rib 60, a pair of support component 40, end plate 72, with support connection device 48, its form of expression is folder 48.

Switching rail head 50 adopts the form (illustrating during the Unit Installation) on I shape rail part top basically in Figure 31 A and 31B, and extends between the end of switching rail unit 100 and the other end.Identical substantially with the mode of front embodiment (Fig. 1), switching rail head 50 curves inwardly towards south orientation track 14 along its length, therefore away from north orientation track 14.

Plane component or plate 38 are rectangular shape, and for good and all are fixed to switching rail head 50 by any suitable method during manufacture, for example welding or molded etc.Plate 38 can extend or not extend along whole length along the whole length of switching rail unit 100; Under latter event, switching rail head 50 will be suspended on the panel element 38.From Figure 27 A and 28A, can find out above-mentioned feature.

This gives prominence to and is parallel to the whole distribution of lengths of switching rail unit, existing north orientation track 14 edge 100 downwards to guide rib 60 slave plates 38, it moves a certain distance from center line or plate 38, and this closely is engaged in this between the guide rib 60 apart from the inner orbit that allows existing north orientation track 14.Expert reader is appreciated that guide rib 60 can only exist only in the extreme of plate 38.

Each support component 40 can be timber and have such shape of cross section that this shape of cross section allows them to be placed on the below of plate 38 and surrounds the interior external collar of existing rail.Between manufacturing or installation period, the low surface of each support component 40 also can be suitable for cooperating the profile of various standard railroad sleepers together.This length to support component 40, width and position are substantially similar to plate 38, but are to be understood that longer and/or wideer support component may be preferred, and this depends on the parameter of individual cases, for example the aligning in gap and/or size between the sleeper.

Removably this is designed like this to the folder 48 that support component 40 is connected to plate 38, make them support component 40 firmly be kept abutting against on the surface plate 38, and they are abutted against on the existing rail in side direction in vertical direction.

End plate 72 is outstanding downward vertically from the suspension that switching rail head 50 produces, and is docked at the end of interior support component 40.

The reader is to be understood that in this embodiment support component 40 can be retained in original position (as Figure 29 A, B, C, D is shown in E and the F) between the normal operating period of railroad track; Just in the time need not shifting train between a railroad track and another railroad track, the train 5 that travels on north orientation track 14 or south orientation track 12 does not intersect.Selectively, support component 40 can be placed into a side in order to installing shown in Figure 29 G.Therefore switching rail head 50 and plane component 38 can be easier to mount and dismount with within a short period of time in this embodiment of the present invention.

The rail unit 100 of then transferring, track switch then comprise the special rail 25,26 of lattice.The special rail 25,26 of lattice in the present embodiment is similar to the embodiment of front substantially, does not therefore need to further describe.

Follow the special rail 25,26 of lattice, track switch then comprises a pair of totally with 200 cross units of representing (Figure 20 A, B and Figure 30).Each cross unit 200 comprises an intersection rail head 50c, at grade intersection element and plate 38c, guide rib 60c, a pair of support component 40e, a pair of end plate 72c and support and connection folder 48c.

The rail head 50c that intersects has and the identical cross section of switching rail 50 heads, and (being I shape rail upper parts of components), and between the end of cross unit 200 and the other end, extend diagonally, thus energized south is to track 12, so away from north orientation track 14.

Compare with support component 40c with cross board 38c, the rail head 50c that intersects can cross over longer distance along cross unit 200, thereby produces suspension in the one or both ends of appointing of cross unit 200.

Cross board 38c, guide rib 60c, support component 40c and support and connection folder 48c are similar to the counter element of switching rail unit 100 substantially, therefore do not need to further describe.

A pair of end plate 72c is outstanding downward vertically from the suspension that intersection rail head 50c produces.Each end plate is docked at the end of support component 40c.

In order to provide fixedly connected between each rail head piece, the end plate 72c of the end plate 72 of switching rail head 50 and intersection rail head 50c can be holed, to cooperate such as the such device for coupling modules of splice bar.

The non-insertion track switch 10 of describing in the present embodiment has the advantage that is better than the front embodiment, this advantage is to provide additional support to the track switch track, this supports by

support component

40,40c provides, still allow switching rail head 50 simultaneously, intersection rail 50c,

plate

38,38c more easily mounts and dismounts with cross board, and can forever not change (promptly blocking) existing track.

Figure 21 A and 21B have shown the cross unit of the non-insertion track switch of the another optional embodiment of the present invention, now with described.

Totally the part support cross unit with 300 expressions comprises intersection rail head 50d and taper support component 40d.

The rail head 50d that intersects is similar to the head in the embodiment of front substantially, and for example therefore 50c does not need to further describe.

Taper support component 40d is a wedge shape, thereby it fits in the gap that produces between intersection rail 50d and the close existing rail in crosspoint.

For each aforesaid embodiment, when inclination rail 21,22, when the switching rail 23,24 and the rail 29,30 that intersects are removed, preferably, the end that is exposed to the special rail 25,26 of each lattice of train on the horizon has arrangement for deflecting, and any type movable article (not shown) that its deflection is suspended on railroad train (not shown) below makes it away from the special rail 25 of lattice, 26, therefore prevented that these article from hindering the special rail 25,26 of lattice, otherwise may cause railroad train to be overstepped the limit.Figure 21 A, B, C and D have shown the feasible arrangement for deflecting that is used for this purpose.Each arrangement for deflecting is suitable for easily being fitted to by suitable device the exposed ends of the special rail 25,26 of lattice, for example passes through splice bar.Inclination rail 21,22 is being installed, and before switching rail 23,24 and the intersection rail 29,30, arrangement for deflecting will be removed.

Figure 23 A and B have shown the switching rail of non-insertion track switch of the another optional embodiment of the present invention and the bracing or strutting arrangement in the cross unit support component, now with described.

Central usual friendship support component 40e wedging known and that use has between the rail and by central support 78c and supports in industry, and this central support 78c is connected to existing sleeper 79.The usual friendship support component 40e of central authorities is replenished by the outer usual friendship support component 400e that outer support member 78o supports.Outer filling wedge 120 and interior filling wedge 121 are positioned between outer usual friendship support component 400e and the interior usual friendship support component 40e.The inside and outside wedge 121,120 of filling is at the fixing usual friendship element 40e of side direction and vertical direction, 400e.

Switching rail head 50e and plane component 38e are similar to aforesaid counter element (Figure 19) substantially, and are positioned on usual friendship support component 40e and the 400e.

In Figure 23 C and D, a kind of similar application has been shown, has used usual

friendship support component

40e and 400e in the rail element intersecting.

This bracing or strutting arrangement has the advantage that is better than the front embodiment, and this advantage is that it allows directly to transfer to sleeper and existing rail by the load that train applies, and uses present available parts simultaneously.

Should be noted that, each embodiment that train is transferred to another track from a track of the present invention provides many advantages that are better than existing apparatus, promptly, not exclusively, this advantage is that the cross section right and wrong are plug-type, does not need train wheel to travel with its wheel rim at any some place, and the present embodiment does not need pivot part to assign to realize shifting, therefore reduced the possibility of plant failure, train axle/wheel shaft twisted when climbing had been avoided in the synchronous inclination on slope.

In not exceeding scope of the present invention, can make amendment and improve embodiment described here.For example, the height of about 50mm of the various parts of the interim track switch 10 of non-insertion can change, and with the wheel rim on the suitable country variant train wheel, and can be suitable for meeting various track specifications.Those skilled in the art be appreciated that the height of various parts only needs to equal or more preferably a little higher than each country variant train wheel on wheel rim.

Claims

1. non-insertion switch apparatus that is used for railroad track, this switch apparatus comprises raised track surface (22,50,26,50), it is suitable for providing a path, wheel along this path train can move to another railroad track (12) from a railroad track (14), wherein this raised track surface (22,50,26,50c) have enough height, make to it is characterized in that the wheel (7) of the train described railroad track of can jumping over that a support component comprises and is cross-placed on a pair of lower support element (40; 40c; The upper support element (38 of a plane 40e); 38c; 38e), the upper support element (38 of this plane; 38c; Upper surface 38e) is connected at least a portion of raised track soffit, and lower support element (40; 40c; 40e) be provided in the both sides of at least a portion of the described rail of railroad track described to be crossed over (14).

2. device according to claim 1 wherein provides cross section, and this cross section comprises a pair of described track switch.

3. device according to claim 1 and 2, and wherein said raised track surface (22,50,26,50c) comprise a pair of rail, each rail further comprises inclined surface, and (221,22r), end tilts to the high height end this inclined surface from lacking height or not having highly.

4. device according to claim 3, and wherein said inclined surface (221,22r) comprise from lacking height or not having the linear tilt of highly holding to the high height end.

5. device according to claim 3, wherein said high height end is identical with the height of described raised track surface.

6. device according to claim 3, wherein said inclined surface (221, high height end 22r) is near an end of described raised track surface (50), the two combination is to provide a path, allow wheel (7) to keep between a pair of noseiron rail distance identical simultaneously along this path movement, described noseiron rail be combined to form described raised track surface.

7. device according to claim 3, wherein said inclined surface comprise each rail the slope (221,22r), wherein these two slopes (221,22r) tilt simultaneously, with the height difference of each rail of avoiding described railroad track.

8. device according to claim 3, at least a portion of each rail of wherein said raised track surface comprises the groove that is formed at wherein.

9. device according to claim 8, wherein said groove is formed at rail head (50c) below, wherein this groove is arranged to be positioned at that railroad track to be crossed over (14) is gone up or, described rail head (50c) is detachably fixed to railroad track described to be crossed on every side.

10. device according to claim 1, at least a portion of each rail of wherein said raised track surface comprises the rail head, this rail header arrangement becomes to be positioned at support component (40; 40c; 40e) or on every side.

11. device according to claim 10, wherein said support component (40; 40c; 40e) be arranged to be positioned on the railroad track described to be crossed over (14) or on every side.

12. device according to claim 10, wherein said support component (40; 40c; 40e) comprise longitudinal axis, this longitudinal axis is arranged to be parallel to the longitudinal axis of the described rail of railroad track (14).

13. device according to claim 1, at least a portion of wherein said raised track surface is supported by the described rail and the fastening devices (48) of railroad track described to be crossed over (14).

14. device according to claim 1, wherein said upper support plane component (38; 38c; 38e) wideer than the described rail of railroad track described to be crossed over (14).

15. device according to claim 14, wherein said upper support plane component (38; 38c; 38e) comprise the setting element of rectangle.

16. device according to claim 1 is wherein along described upper support element (38; 38c; 38e) at least a portion of length provides a pair of guiding device (60; 60c).

17. device according to claim 16, wherein said guiding device (60; 60c) be parallel to described upper support element (38; 38c; Longitudinal axis 38e), in use, this guiding device is outstanding downwards in order, to stride on the described rail that stands in railroad track described to be crossed over (14).

18. device according to claim 1, wherein this is to lower support element (40; 40c; 40e) combination provides with the described rail along railroad track described to be crossed over (14) and is similar to described upper support element (38; 38c; Shape 38e), width and position, and be suitable for removably being engaged in this and removably be fixed in this.

19. device according to claim 1, wherein said upper support plane component (38; 38c; Soffit 38e) is positioned at described lower support element (40; 40c; On upper space 40e).

20. device according to claim 1, at least a portion of wherein said raised track surface are formed on the rail head (50), wherein the height of the crossing member of this raised track surface equals the degree of depth of the rim section of train wheel (7) at least.

(22,50,26,50c), the one or more of this rail element have away from the bend radius of a railroad track (14) towards another railroad track (12) 21. device according to claim 1, wherein said raised track surface comprise a plurality of rail elements.

22. device according to claim 21, wherein said a plurality of railway elements (22,50,26,50c) combination has the track switch on continuous rail surface with formation, and comprises following parts:

Inclined element (22), it is suitable for train wheel is brought up to this height of projection;

Bend radius rail (50), it is suitable for train is pushed to another railroad track from a railroad track;

Straight rail (26), it is suitable for train is transferred to another track from the bend radius rail (50) of a track; With

Intersection rail (50c), it is suitable for allowing train to cross the interior rail that has railroad tracks in first and second of described height of projection.

23. device according to claim 1, at least a portion of wherein said raised track surface supports in side direction and/or vertical direction at the supported devices in a plurality of positions (80) along its length.

24. device according to claim 1, wherein said one or more track switches are interim track switches.

25. device according to claim 1, wherein said one or more track switches are non-insertion track switches.

26. method that allows train along a cruising in the first and second existing railroad tracks, described railroad track has been installed according to the present invention claim 2 or has been quoted each described cross section among the claim 3-25 of claim 2, and this method comprises:

Remove one or more parts of cross section from the first and second existing railroad tracks, thereby train can not drive on another of the described first and second existing railroad tracks.

27. method according to claim 26 further comprises:

Second portion and at least one lower support element of raised track surface are stayed original position.

28. be convenient to jump over first railroad track on second railroad track single-line operation to be used to safeguard or the device of other purpose, this device comprises the first non-insertion cross section and the second non-insertion cross section, the described second non-insertion cross section is at this longitudinal axis and described first non-insertion cross section interval to railroad track, thereby provide a path, wheel along this path train can move to second railroad track and move to first railroad track from second railroad track from first railroad track, it is characterized in that, each non-insertion cross section comprises a support component, and this support component comprises and is cross-placed on a pair of lower support element (40; 40c; The upper support element (38 of a plane 40e); 38c; 38e), the upper support element (38 of this plane; 38c; Upper surface 38e) is connected at least a portion of raised track soffit, and lower support element (40; 40c; 40e) be provided in the both sides of at least a portion of the described rail of railroad track described to be crossed over (14).

29. device according to claim 29, the wherein said first and/or second non-insertion cross section comprises raised track surface.

30. providing, device according to claim 29, wherein said raised track surface be used for supporting the bracing or strutting arrangement that train passes through.

31. according to each described device among the claim 28-30, each of the wherein said first and second non-insertion cross sections all comprises a pair of track switch, each all comprises a pair of rail to track switch.

32. can make jump over first railroad track on second railroad track single-line operation to be used to safeguard or the method for other purpose that this method may further comprise the steps:

The first non-insertion cross section is provided, and this first non-insertion cross section comprises a pair of lower support element in the both sides of at least a portion of first railroad track;

Provide the second non-insertion cross section in this longitudinal axis and described first non-insertion cross section position at interval to railroad track, this second non-insertion cross section comprises a pair of lower support element in the both sides of at least a portion of first railroad track;

Pass through train along the described first non-insertion cross section;

Pass through train along the described second non-insertion cross section, thereby train turns back to the position on described first railroad track, this position at the vertical and described first non-insertion cross section at interval, wherein this method also comprises the following steps: to move the part of the first and second non-insertion cross sections, thereby the lower support element is retained on the both sides of first railroad track at least, and allow train to pass through, do not arrive second railroad track and do not pass first railroad track along first railroad track.