CN1306898A - Fast prototype method - Google Patents
Fast prototype method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1306898A CN1306898A CN 00114372 CN00114372A CN1306898A CN 1306898 A CN1306898 A CN 1306898A CN 00114372 CN00114372 CN 00114372 CN 00114372 A CN00114372 A CN 00114372A CN 1306898 A CN1306898 A CN 1306898A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- blank
- prototype method
- fast prototype
- laser
- fast
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Abstract
In the invention, a 3D mold for required part is first constituted by using a 3D CAD software. After beam expanded laser beam is focused in a transparent material, digitally controlled machining program is started and numerically controlled equipment drives the bland to move, so that the laser beam scans and cuts the surface of part contour to separate the superfluous material from the part body and to form the 3D object prototype. Organic glass, polycarbonate and epoxy resin are suitable for material for the present invention.
Description
The part prototype that the invention belongs to the manufacturing technology field shapes process, is specifically related to a kind of fast prototype method.
In manufacturing industry, along with the globalization of economy, market competition is growing more intense, and model change is accelerated, and product is more and more to many kinds, small lot, high accuracy, high-performance, direction develops cheaply.Manufacturing industry requires the designer to shorten the exploitation and the manufacturing cycle of new product in order to keep the competitiveness of product in market as far as possible, to realize the quick-reaction capability to turn of the market, new technology development, reaches the purpose of expedite product exploitation.For this reason, the product geometrical model that the designer built is changed into mock-up as early as possible,, become a kind of exigence to analyze, to judge the reasonability of design as early as possible.
Based on this, in late nineteen eighties, a kind of new technology of quick finished parts prototype---RP technique (Rapid Prototyping Manufacturing) has at first occurred in the U.S..Its main points are to adopt controlled " growth and shaping " method, make the part solid modelling that designs in the computer be directly changed into the mock-up of part, and need not special mould, anchor clamps and other special process units.Resulting part mock-up can be used for observation post's design elements outward appearance, check its machinability and assembling capacity, also can be put to relevant mechanical test.These mock-ups also can convert real metal parts to by methods such as hot investment castings.Rapid prototyping technology is significant for the development process of quickening new product.Remain various countries at present at one of research focus of making the field.
The rapid prototyping process is of a great variety, according to the characteristics that are shaped, can be divided into two classes substantially: the first kind, " accumulation shaping " method, it is to pile up and be shaped with the drop of material under slave mode, comprise stereolithography be shaped (Stereo-Lithograph Apparatus, SLA), selective laser sintering (SLS) (SelectiveLaser Sintering, SLS) and melt deposition be shaped (Fused-Deposition Modeling, FDM) or the like technology; Second class, " lamination shaping " method, its representative be the laminated solid body molding (Laminated ObjectManufacturing, LOM).Be example now, introduce the basic principle of existing rapid shaping technique with the stereolithography technology.Its main points are, at first according to the three-dimensional CAD model of product, handle (forming) model that becomes faceization by a large amount of small triangle projective planums through data, by computer " section " the face model is cut into a series of cross sections then, the laser beam of numerical control carries out flat scanning according to the outline line and the inner track of each synusia, and the liquid photosensitive resin of containing in container is successively solidified.The ground floor liquid of solidification process from the workbench, after this layer solidified, workbench was along the z direction segment distance that descends, new one deck liquid resin covers above the cured layer, carry out the second layer and solidify, this process is repeated to last one deck curing and finishes, and just generates the plastic parts of 3D solid.This scanning has two characteristics, and the first, it always in the surface action of medium, does not go deep into material internal; The second, it must sweep to the every bit in the part entity, promptly carries out swept-volume.
Existing RP technique has following limitation: (1) process-cycle is also longer.The part of complexity and large-size comparatively often needed several days even a week.Trace it to its cause, in process, laser beam must carry out swept-volume, and the spot diameter of laser beam at the focus place has only about 0.1mm, and the scanning spot is intensive, and scanning pattern is long, makes the process-cycle long, and the energy that expends is big.(2) machining accuracy is not very high.The scanning distortion of the warpage of synusia, particularly large-scale part, the reasons such as moisture absorption and deformation of the middle foil (as paper) of the contraction of material and laminated solid body moulding (LOM) make the part prototype precision be subjected to very big influence in the solidification process.(3) equipment is comparatively complicated.The equipment of various rapid prototyping technologies without exception need lifting platform, thereby must adopt custom-designed equipment, equipment investment is big.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of fast prototype method of novelty.It is " face scanning " that the present invention changes " swept-volume ", thereby can overcome some limitation and the deficiency of existing fast prototype method to a certain extent, satisfies the demand of modern manufacturing industry better.
For achieving the above object, the method applied in the present invention may further comprise the steps:
1. adopt the three-dimensional solid modeling of the required part of three-dimensional CAD software construction;
2. adopt the digital control processing programmed method, generate the nc program of the treatment of surfaces of components;
3. blank is installed on the numerical control device, laser beam is expanded bundle in advance, focus on blank inside then;
4. start the nc program of described model, described numerical control device drives described blank motion, make laser spot scan and cut at the contour surface of part, scanning process is from the outline line from the nearest cross section of workbench, scanning successively forms the prototype of a 3D solid at last so that the part entity separates with the redundance material;
Procedure of processing as auxiliary also needs the surplus material of appearance is cut open, to take out workpiece; With the material chopping of inner chamber, so that take out.
When adopting the present invention to carry out the part processing shaping, the material require of making blank satisfies following the requirement: 1. the laser for this wavelength has the transparency: when the light of focusing block does not pass through material, because energy density is low, material is also low for the absorptivity of laser, the light that passes does not have influence for the character of material, and the decay of laser itself is also smaller.2. in the absorption characteristic at focus place: because the energy density height, material rises for the absorptivity of laser, causes material heating, sex change at the focus place, and transparency descends, and absorptivity rises, and heating increases, so that is burnt and melt.The transmittance of material for laser light and absorbability are a pair of contradiction, can penetrate the very dark distance of material to the good excessively material of laser-transmitting, but because absorbability is very poor, thereby the destruction that can not cause material, do not reach the purpose of processing; The material good excessively to laser absorption, when laser shone this material, its surface had absorbed most of laser energy basically, thereby can not make laser enter into the inside of material, did not cut processing in equally also not being suitable for.3. later carbonization or the gasification of fusion: carbonization or gasification should take place after the fusion in the organic material that is adopted, and the bond strength at this place is greatly descended or generate hole.The inventor finds that through a large amount of experiments lucite, polycarbonate and epoxy resin are all applicable to making the blank that the present invention uses.
The device of realizing foregoing invention comprises:
1. pulse laser: adopt Nd-YAG (neodymium-doped yttrium-aluminum garnet) laser instrument, the optical maser wavelength that it sent is 1.06 μ m, and power needs 10～50W.Laser is expanded bundle in advance, focus on then.
2. three-dimension numerical controlled equipment and CAD interface section: this part mainly is made up of with control software three-shaft linkage numerical control device and " section " computer and CAD interface software." section " computer can be 586 home computers, has NIC, and it mainly carries out the face processing to cad model makes it to become the file format (part cross-section profile form) of cutting processing in being suitable for; The three-shaft linkage numerical control device is mainly used in workpiece is moved along the part cross-section outline line in the x-y plane, in the z direction workpiece is moved up and down; The CAD interface software comprises the network communication to cad model, accepts from the compression binary system representation of a surface of the next PHIGST of CAD assignment procedure parameter etc., the motion of control software major control numerical control device.Thereby realize that laser spot scans along the part outer surface in material, carry out inner cutting.
Adopt the present invention to carry out part processing and be shaped, have the advantages that high efficiency, low cost and degree of precision are shaped.Specifically be discussed below: 1. can process the very complicated exemplar of shape: compare with existing surface laser cutting process method, the inventive method can once-forming, process the very complicated exemplar of shape, even can process nested layer by layer multilayer closure casing.2. can reduce the shaping energy consumption, reduce environmental pollution: the inventive method is just made the surplus on the blank as a whole, can cutting and separating, and different with common metal-cutting machining method, it is not cut into smear metal with the material of surplus part, but concentration of energy is disappeared in the new surface that is shaped.3. can improve forming speed: compare with the fast prototype method of " accumulation shaping " class, the inventive method only need be carried out " face scanning ", and need not to carry out the scanning of part entity, and therefore, its production efficiency is higher.4. can improve the precision and the stability thereof of manufacturing part model: compare with the fast prototype method of " stacked shaping " class, the part model that the inventive method is produced is to be made by whole fast original blank, and its performance is even, stable, precision stability is high.5. can on the general NC lathe, process: realize that equipment required for the present invention promptly can be the special equipment of development, also can on general lathe, be equipped with laser system and carry out " no Tool in Cutting processing "; Can adopt the numerical control program of conventional machining to drive lathe (only needing a feed); Also can use typical " faceization " and " section " program in the existing fast prototype method, generate the part thin slice, laser spot is needed only along the boundary scan of section, and needn't " fill " inside of thin slice.Because the present invention is different with existing fast prototype method, it does not need auxiliary body and equipment such as lifting platform.And, more help improving machining accuracy because the effect of no macroforce is compared with machining.6. with low cost: laser instrument that is adopted and workpiece material are the product of popularizing, and the expense of system building and operation is lower.
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is a part processing system schematic of the present invention;
Fig. 2 processes the processing schematic diagram of close-shaped part for adopting the present invention;
Fig. 3 processes the schematic diagram of revolving body model for adopting the present invention on lathe;
Fig. 4 is the processing result schematic diagram of embodiment;
Fig. 5 is the cross-sectional slices schematic diagram perpendicular to short transverse among the embodiment;
Fig. 6 is the capable cutting method cutting line schematic diagram among the embodiment.
In part processing system schematic shown in Figure 1, laser instrument 1 is a pulse laser, adopts Nd-YAG (neodymium-doped yttrium-aluminum garnet) laser instrument, and the optical maser wavelength that it sent is 1.06 μ m, and power is 10～50W.The light beam that laser instrument 1 is sent expands Shu Houzai through beam-expanding system 2 and focuses on through focus lamp 3, light beam irradiates after the focusing is at the blank 12 that is arranged on the workbench 11, digital-control processing system 8 and x direction 5, y direction 6, the drive unit of z direction 7 is formed numerical control device 4, adjust numerical control device 4, make light beam enter blank 12, and focus 9 after the focusing is positioned on the required surface 10 that shapes entity.
The schematic diagram of Fig. 2 for close-shaped part is processed, that earlier design this part and change into the face model with three-dimensional CAD software, by the computer section face model is cut into a series of cross-sectional slices 14 then, the focus 9 of laser beam 13 is placed on the outline line of the cross section of the nearest face model of workbench, start the procedure of described model, successively scan the outline line of each cross section, part is separated with redundance, thereby obtain the 3D solid prototype of a complete close-shaped part.
As shown in Figure 3, laser instrument 1, beam-expanding system 2 and focus lamp 3 are installed on the numerically controlled lathe knife rest 15, numerically controlled lathe knife rest 15 can move on the xy plane in the shape according to the outline line of the cross section of the required part that shapes under the control of digital control system.Blank 12 is clamped on the spindle of numerical control lathe 16, with spindle of numerical control lathe 16 rotations, thereby processes a complete revolving body prototype.
Embodiment:
1, equipment; 1. Central China I type CNC milling machine is one; 2. Nd-YAG pulse laser, power 10-50W; 3. 586 computers are one;
2, blank: one in the common lucite that the market is bought is of a size of: 60mm * 60mm * 40mm:
3, processing purpose: the cube that cuts out a 20mm * 20mm * 20mm in blank inside;
4, implementation step:
1. adopt the cube figure of a 20mm * 20mm * 20mm of Auto CAD 12.0 designs and be converted into the face model;
2. change model from carrying out slicing treatment perpendicular to short transverse to above-mentioned, slice thickness is: 0.1mm, result as shown in Figure 5, Fig. 5-1 is bottom down, Fig. 5-2 is the second layer, Fig. 5-3 is the 200th layer, Fig. 5-4 is last bottom;
3. by the capable cutting method design cutting line in the digital control processing, cutting line as shown in Figure 6, Fig. 6-1 is for descending bottom, Fig. 6-2 is the second layer, Fig. 6-3 is the 200th layer, Fig. 6-4 is last bottom; And, laser beam foucing is positioned the place, summit, the upper right corner of the cubical bottom surface of processing with relative coordinate system establishment G code program;
4. adjust the parameter of laser and the movement velocity of selection CNC milling machine, on the control panel of laser instrument electric current is adjusted to 13.3A, pulse recurrence frequency is adjusted to 3,000Hz, on the control panel of CNC milling machine speed is adjusted to 10%, then the feed speed of milling machine is 0.6/min;
5. blank is fixed on the processing platform of CNC milling machine, starts CNC milling machine, the input G code.Processing result as shown in Figure 4.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of fast prototype method, its step comprises:
1. adopt the three-dimensional solid modeling of the required part of three-dimensional CAD software construction;
2. adopt the digital control processing programmed method, generate the nc program of the treatment of surfaces of components;
3. blank is installed on the numerical control device, laser beam is expanded bundle in advance, focus on blank inside then:
4. start the nc program of described model, described numerical control device drives described blank motion, make laser spot scan and cut at the contour surface of part, scanning process is from the outline line from the nearest cross section of workbench, scanning successively forms the prototype of a 3D solid at last so that the part entity separates with the redundance material.
2, fast prototype method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: after finishing above-mentioned steps, the procedure of processing as auxiliary also needs the surplus material of appearance is cut open, to take out workpiece; With the material chopping of inner chamber, so that take out.
3, fast prototype method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described blank material material is made by pmma material.
4, fast prototype method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described blank is made by polycarbonate material.
5, fast prototype method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described blank is made by epoxide resin material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN00114372A CN1088640C (en) | 2000-02-01 | 2000-02-01 | Fast prototype method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN00114372A CN1088640C (en) | 2000-02-01 | 2000-02-01 | Fast prototype method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1306898A true CN1306898A (en) | 2001-08-08 |
| CN1088640C CN1088640C (en) | 2002-08-07 |
Family
ID=4584062
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN00114372A Expired - Fee Related CN1088640C (en) | 2000-02-01 | 2000-02-01 | Fast prototype method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1088640C (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100368185C (en) * | 2005-12-07 | 2008-02-13 | 南京航空航天大学 | Quick RTM manufacturing process of resin based advanced composite material |
| CN101259526B (en) * | 2007-07-31 | 2011-02-16 | 机械科学研究总院先进制造技术研究中心 | Non die-casting type digitalization fast manufacturing method |
| CN102775051A (en) * | 2012-06-13 | 2012-11-14 | 北京工业大学 | Glass cutting method |
| CN103838177A (en) * | 2012-11-23 | 2014-06-04 | 李帅 | Numerical-control machining method |
| CN105478767A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-04-13 | 广州瑞通激光科技有限公司 | Device and method for obtaining metal dental prosthesis through laser 3D printing |
| WO2023045477A1 (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2023-03-30 | 卡尔蔡司（上海）管理有限公司 | Method for manufacturing three-dimensional structure |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1060698C (en) * | 1996-04-26 | 2001-01-17 | 清华大学 | Multifunctional equipment capable of fast completing various model making technique |
| US6216765B1 (en) * | 1997-07-14 | 2001-04-17 | Arizona State University | Apparatus and method for manufacturing a three-dimensional object |
-
2000
- 2000-02-01 CN CN00114372A patent/CN1088640C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100368185C (en) * | 2005-12-07 | 2008-02-13 | 南京航空航天大学 | Quick RTM manufacturing process of resin based advanced composite material |
| CN101259526B (en) * | 2007-07-31 | 2011-02-16 | 机械科学研究总院先进制造技术研究中心 | Non die-casting type digitalization fast manufacturing method |
| CN102775051A (en) * | 2012-06-13 | 2012-11-14 | 北京工业大学 | Glass cutting method |
| CN103838177A (en) * | 2012-11-23 | 2014-06-04 | 李帅 | Numerical-control machining method |
| CN105478767A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-04-13 | 广州瑞通激光科技有限公司 | Device and method for obtaining metal dental prosthesis through laser 3D printing |
| WO2023045477A1 (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2023-03-30 | 卡尔蔡司（上海）管理有限公司 | Method for manufacturing three-dimensional structure |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1088640C (en) | 2002-08-07 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US6495794B2 (en) | Rapid prototyping method using 3-D laser inner cutting | |
| Yan et al. | A review of rapid prototyping technologies and systems | |
| JP2003136605A (en) | Method for forming product and its product | |
| KR101648442B1 (en) | Method of manufacturing three-dimensional sculpture | |
| Kai | Three-dimensional rapid prototyping technologies and key development areas | |
| Bourell et al. | Solid freeform fabrication an advanced manufacturing approach | |
| Dickens | Research developments in rapid prototyping | |
| CN1827281A (en) | Laser rapid-forming method based on contour scanning of coated powder materials | |
| US20040107019A1 (en) | Automated rapid prototyping combining additive and subtractive processes | |
| WO2010150805A1 (en) | Method for producing three-dimensional formed shapes, and three-dimensional formed shapes obtained thereby | |
| CN108602261A (en) | The manufacturing method of three dimensional structure | |
| CN1244441C (en) | Fast forming method and numerical control manufacturing installation for the polystyrene plastic foams model | |
| CN1088640C (en) | Fast prototype method | |
| CN1476956A (en) | Quick manufacture method and its equipment | |
| Kumar et al. | Rapid prototyping technology for new product development | |
| CN1304148C (en) | Selective laser evaporating-sintering technology and system for quickly shaping thin wall with powder material | |
| CN103358553A (en) | Method and device for ultrasonic focusing 3D rapid prototyping | |
| Gupta et al. | A review of emerging technologies for rapid prototyping | |
| CN100999123A (en) | Stage injection/carving composite fast shaping technology | |
| JPH0524118A (en) | Manufacture of electrode for processing mold | |
| Chiujdea et al. | A Review of Additive Manufacturing Technologies | |
| JPH1024495A (en) | Method for making photo-molding | |
| CN103273124B (en) | Manufacturing method for rapidly forming camshaft bracket | |
| CN203371793U (en) | Ultrasonic focal three-dimensional rapid forming device | |
| CN209886683U (en) | SLS metal powder 3D printer |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |