CN1306178C - Bearing assembly with brazing or soft soldering connecting part - Google Patents
Bearing assembly with brazing or soft soldering connecting part Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1306178C CN1306178C CNB2004100635222A CN200410063522A CN1306178C CN 1306178 C CN1306178 C CN 1306178C CN B2004100635222 A CNB2004100635222 A CN B2004100635222A CN 200410063522 A CN200410063522 A CN 200410063522A CN 1306178 C CN1306178 C CN 1306178C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- bearing
- outer ring
- inner ring
- bearing unit
- rolling element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 title abstract description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003562 lightweight material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims 10
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims 10
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract 7
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 abstract 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000002929 anti-fatigue Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002816 nickel compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000677 High-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007850 degeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 1
- 235000000396 iron Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
- F16C33/64—Special methods of manufacture
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/008—Soldering within a furnace
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B27/00—Hubs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B35/00—Axle units; Parts thereof ; Arrangements for lubrication of axles
- B60B35/12—Torque-transmitting axles
- B60B35/121—Power-transmission from drive shaft to hub
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
- F16C19/34—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load
- F16C19/38—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers
- F16C19/383—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone
- F16C19/385—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone with two rows, i.e. double-row tapered roller bearings
- F16C19/386—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone with two rows, i.e. double-row tapered roller bearings in O-arrangement
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C19/54—Systems consisting of a plurality of bearings with rolling friction
- F16C19/541—Systems consisting of juxtaposed rolling bearings including at least one angular contact bearing
- F16C19/542—Systems consisting of juxtaposed rolling bearings including at least one angular contact bearing with two rolling bearings with angular contact
- F16C19/543—Systems consisting of juxtaposed rolling bearings including at least one angular contact bearing with two rolling bearings with angular contact in O-arrangement
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C35/00—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers
- F16C35/04—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers in the case of ball or roller bearings
- F16C35/06—Mounting or dismounting of ball or roller bearings; Fixing them onto shaft or in housing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C35/00—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers
- F16C35/04—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers in the case of ball or roller bearings
- F16C35/06—Mounting or dismounting of ball or roller bearings; Fixing them onto shaft or in housing
- F16C35/07—Fixing them on the shaft or housing with interposition of an element
- F16C35/077—Fixing them on the shaft or housing with interposition of an element between housing and outer race ring
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
- F16C19/34—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load
- F16C19/36—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with a single row of rollers
- F16C19/364—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with a single row of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C19/52—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with devices affected by abnormal or undesired conditions
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2226/00—Joining parts; Fastening; Assembling or mounting parts
- F16C2226/30—Material joints
- F16C2226/32—Material joints by soldering
- F16C2226/34—Material joints by soldering by brazing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2300/00—Application independent of particular apparatuses
- F16C2300/02—General use or purpose, i.e. no use, purpose, special adaptation or modification indicated or a wide variety of uses mentioned
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting
- F16C2326/01—Parts of vehicles in general
- F16C2326/02—Wheel hubs or castors
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
A bearing module includes one rolling element bearing and one auxiliary element, wherein the rolling element bearing comprises one external side sight protector mechanism, one inboard sight protector mechanism and at least a group of rolling elements in contact with rollaway nests in said sight protector mechanism, and said auxiliary element is connected with one of said sight protector mechanisms through a linking mechanism. Said linking mechanism comprises a brazing or soft soldering connection part. For example, the linking mechanism and the auxiliary element connected thereto comprise surfaces in mutual concentric contraposition, wherein a layer brazing material is encapsulated between said surfaces.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of bearing unit, it comprises: at least two bearing devices, and their bearing surface is supporting each other in a movable manner; And an auxiliary element, it is connecting one of described bearing device.
Background technique
This bearing unit all is well-known in various fields.As example, can be with reference to the truck bearing-hub assembly that comprises this bearing unit.One of race ring of bearing is connecting wheel hub usually, and this wheel hub is fixed on the vehicle bridge of truck or trailer.By the nut on the outside thread that is screwed in wheel hub, bearing is held in place.
Joint between bearing and the wheel hub will bear various loads, therefore is easy to tired the degeneration.So, must adopt high-grade material in this zone, High Quality Steel for example is to obtain acceptable fatigue life.Yet this selection to material has constituted very strict restriction.For example, cast components can not be used because of anti-fatigue performance is relatively poor.Yet, also have some advantages such as materials such as cast irons, for example good moldability and cost are low.Yet these advantages can not be received in the strict certain applications of aforementioned anti-fatigue performance.
Another importance of bearing unit relates to its inner preload.Correct preload is most important for the performance of bearing unit.Therefore, wish to apply preload in the fabrication stage of bearing unit.Like this, make a mistake in the time of can avoiding the installation shaft bearing assembly.In addition, therefore the number of spare parts of forming bearing can reduce, and can promote bearing unit to be applied in easily in the product line group process of assembling of truck for example or automobile making field.
This pre-assembling bearing unit normally welds together by the inner ring with biserial rolling element bearing assembly and obtains.This can realize by the laser bonding of inner ring, for example carries out laser bonding by the hole in the outer ring.Yet this may cause, and the generation welding slag splashes in bearing space, and in addition, the welding of high carbon steel can produce serious crackle.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of bearing unit, there is not the restriction of aforementioned certain material application facet in it, and it still can satisfy the requirement of intensity, reliability and Security aspect.This purpose can realize by following manner: utilize soldering or soft soldering connecting part that auxiliary element is connected on the described bearing device.
Soldering is a kind of heat processing technique that different materials is combined of being used for, and it comprises: by means of or not by means of flux, with the filler fusing so that the moistened surface of coupling mutually; Between filler and corresponding element, form metallurgy combination.In soldering, the fusing point of filler is higher than 450 ℃, but is lower than by the fusing point of brazing filler metal element.
High temperature brazing (HTB) is similar with soldering, but difference is that HTB does not use flux.In high temperature brazing, realize fluxing action (minimizing/removal oxide on surface) by reducing barometric pressure or vacuumizing.Usually, high temperature brazing is to carry out in the temperature more than 800 ℃.
Soft soldering is similar to soldering, but the fusing point of filler is lower than 450 ℃.
Soldering and high temperature brazing can be classified according to the heating process that is adopted.Say that fundamentally these technologies comprise flame heating, for example, the using gases burner is as oxygen/acetylene or oxygen/propane burner.Other technology comprises electric energy heating, resistance heating, infrared radiation, induction heating and arc brazing.
In addition, it also is feasible utilizing the technology of high energy beam heating such as light beam (not being laser), laser beam, electron beam.Other heating process comprises salt bath heating and hot dipping soldering etc.
Soldering/high temperature brazing can utilize one of aforementioned heating process and carry out in the mode of handling one by one, for example, if having only the minority part to need processing, can make gas brazing by hand, and wherein oxygen/gas burner is used.
For series and batch process, can use the equipment that is specifically designed to institute's fabricated product.Typical example has:
-hot dipping equipment and hot salt bath dip brazing;
-have the flame heating equipment of feeding system;
-laser or arc heating are equipped with, and are used for heating being carried out aiming method (line of sight) one by one by the goods of soldering on production line, perhaps are used to heat the goods that production line is carried; Apply or do not apply shielding gas atmosphere/vacuum;
Electron beam heating plant in the-vacuum chamber;
-have the induction heating equipment of feeding system, have or be not with vacuum chamber.
Be more suitable for comprising in general use and the technology that can handle the goods of different volumes and size:
-being provided with the stove of conveyor or chain belt, it is worked with electric heating type bluster heater, and described stove can be worked in protection or reducing atmosphere;
-batch kiln, it is worked in reduction or shielding gas atmosphere;
The vacuum furnace of-charged heating function.Special technology comprises arc brazing technology and laser beam soldering processes.In some cases, these process quilts are combined in and mix in the soldering processes.In Arc Welding Process, electric arc is the metal gas loop normally, and is for example used in MIG/MAG (GMAW) welding procedure; Described electric arc is used to melt the filler by the nozzle supply.This technology is " aiming method " technology normally.
If use up-to-the-minute (vacuum) stove, can set up very complicated technology.These technologies can realize soldering and heat treatment subsequently, for example quench and tempering.
In principle, after soldering/high temperature brazing, make temperature of articles reach required austenitizing temperature, reach this temperature required after, goods are taken out and are put into the oil quench pool structure of stove from vacuum chamber; Perhaps, vacuum furnace can be equipped with a gas quenching equipment, and it utilizes cold high pressure nitrogen to come goods are quenched usually.
Following factor (and other factors) is depended in the selection of heating process and processing method:
The material that-needs are combined;
-employed scolder (filler);
-shape of products and size;
-number of spare parts;
-operational technology;
-Economy;
-environmental factor.
As previously mentioned, soldering processes can adopt fusing point to be lower than the so-called scolder of the fusing point of combined material.For example, for the cast iron wheel hub is connected on the components made of steel, can apply Ni-based scolder.Combination between other combined material and the scolder also is well-known.In bearing unit, adopt the soldering joint to have many advantages.As previously mentioned, the soldering joint can be used in the strict zone of for example anti-fatigue performance the abaculus of high-grade material being connected to the low grade material element.In this way, can also satisfy other particular requirement, for example density of material, corrosion resistance, workability etc.
Soldering connects and can be accomplished in several ways.According to a preferred embodiment, joint and the auxiliary element that is attached thereto have concentric opposed surface, in order to sealing one deck brazing material.After fusing, brazing material can be in the space between the described counter surface of diffuser under the capillarity, thereby guarantees complete combination.
Joint can also be equipped with a mechanical locking, for example is used for the helical thread portion with the engagement of nut or bolt, auxiliary element is connected to one of bearing device.Especially, in this case, joint has significant anti-fatigue performance.As an alternative or additional, joint can also comprise the plastic deformation part, is used for auxiliary element is connected to one of bearing device.In this case, the material of formation joint comprises the material with specific plasticity, for example low carbon steel.
As previously mentioned, the material that constitutes joint can comprise high-grade relatively material, and steel element for example is particularly when joint comprises the high element of security requirement.Combined with it, the material that constitutes auxiliary element can comprise relative low grade material, for example a cast components.In addition, the material of formation joint can comprise lightweight material.Described lightweight material can be aluminium, manganese, titanium or their alloy.
The bearing device both can constitute a sliding bearing, also can constitute rolling element bearing, for example roller bearing, a ball bearing etc.Rolling element bearing has the contacted rolling element of raceway in an outer ring, inner ring and at least one group and inner ring and the outer ring, and in addition, an auxiliary element is connecting one of inner ring and outer ring by a soldering or soft soldering connecting part.
In described bearing device and the additional device at least one can by ceramic component make or, by metal and the pottery composition make.
The invention still further relates to a kind of bearing-hub assembly, it comprises a foregoing bearing unit and a mounting flange, bearing unit comprises a rolling element bearing, rolling element bearing has the contacted rolling element of raceway in an outer ring, inner ring and at least one group and inner ring and the outer ring, and mounting flange is connecting one of inner ring and outer ring by joint.According to the present invention, mounting flange can comprise a wheel mounting flange and/or brake disc or brake drum mounting flange.In addition, joint can be provided with torque transfer arrangement, and for example key or groove are used to be connected to a driving element for example universal joint, gear or crown gear etc.
According to another possible embodiments of the present invention, inner ring is rotatable, and the outer ring has standing part, is used for the outer ring is fixed on wheel suspension.Perhaps, the outer ring is rotatable, and inner ring has standing part, is used for inner ring is fixed on wheel suspension.
The invention still further relates to a kind of pinion bearing, it comprises a foregoing bearing unit and a pinion shaft, bearing unit comprises a rolling element bearing, rolling element bearing has the contacted rolling element of raceway in an outer ring, inner ring and at least one group and inner ring and the outer ring, pinion shaft is connecting inner ring by joint, and pinion shaft is supporting a small gear.
In order to improve the Security of the axial shearing of opposing, joint can comprise the shaped profile part, for example, a circlip can be contained in the corresponding groove on connecting element and the corresponding race ring.Rolling element bearing can comprise the composite structure of double-row conical bearing, double-row angular contact bal bearing or roller bearing and ball bearing.In addition, can be provided with at least one sensor, to monitor bearing state, for example temperature, speed, load etc.
Description of drawings
Several embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings further describe the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows a kind of on-propelled truck hub unit, and it comprises according to bearing unit of the present invention.
A kind of drive-type truck hub unit has been shown among Fig. 2.
Fig. 3 shows another kind of on-propelled truck hub unit.
Another embodiment of drive-type truck hub unit has been shown among Fig. 4.
Other embodiment has been shown among Fig. 5-7.
Embodiment
Truck hub unit shown in Fig. 1 comprises one according to bearing unit 1 of the present invention, and this bearing unit is connected on the steel wheelboss element 2, and this wheelboss element is fixed on the wheel suspension (not shown).A wheel rim 3 and a brake disc 4 are housed on the bearing unit 1.Wheelboss element 2 can comprise a pipe end, and this pipe end can have any shape of cross section, for example circle, square, triangle, taper, pyramid shape etc.
Bearing unit 1 is the double row tapered roller subtype, and it has 5,6 and two inner rings 7,8 in two outer rings.Holding one group of tapered roller 9 and 10 between race ring 5,7 and between 6,8 respectively, these tapered rollers are being kept by retainer 11,12 respectively in known manner.
In order to realize the suitable performance of bearing unit 1, should there be certain axial preload to be applied on the tapered roller bearing.Preload is applied on the inner ring 7,8 by nut 13, and this nut is screwed on the screw thread 14 of auxiliary element 15.This auxiliary element 15 is contained in the correspondingly configured hole 16 in the wheelboss element 2.By soldering joint 17, auxiliary element 15 is connected on the wheelboss element 2.On the opposed walls between the hole 16 of auxiliary element 15 and wheelboss element 2, a kind of brazing material for example nickel compound is made into flow-like, thereby obtains solid and firm soldering joint 17 by capillarity.Should be pointed out that brazing material for example the fusing point of nickel compound be lower than material that constitutes auxiliary element 15 and the steel that constitutes wheelboss element 2.
In order further to improve Security, a circlip 18 is applied in advance, and it is contained in the hole 16 and the opposed grooves on the auxiliary element 15 of wheelboss element 2.In brazing process, this circlip 18 is combined on the joint.
The rotatable outer ring 5,6 of tapered roller bearing is contained in the outer coil element 19, and this outer coil element has the interior lateral ridge 20 that is supporting outer ring 5,6.By threaded connector 21, wheel rim 3 and brake disc 4 are connected on this outer coil element 19.Can comprise hole 22 in the wheelboss element of making by low grade material 2, in order to holding lead, realizing the purpose of control/supervision, and be used to hold flexible pipe, to control tire pressure.Wheelboss element 2 can be the one-piece element on the vehicle bridge.Perhaps, that wheelboss element 2 can have is cylindrical, taper, threaded or square hole, to install and centering with respect to vehicle bridge.
Embodiment among Fig. 2 is identical with embodiment among Fig. 1 to a certain extent.Yet wheel rim 3 and brake disc 4 and a rotatable inner ring device 2 form one in this example.On this inner ring device 2, inner ring 7,8 is mounted and preload by nut 13, and this nut is screwed on the screw thread 14 of auxiliary element 15, and this auxiliary element is connected on the inner ring device 2 by soldering or soft soldering connecting part 17.Auxiliary element 15 comprises internal splines 23, external spline 24 engagements of the latter and driving element 26.
By tapped hole 25, the static outer coil element 20 in this example can be connected on the wheel suspension (not shown).
Another kind of non-driving bearing-hub assembly has been shown among Fig. 3, and it comprises a static outer coil element 19, and this outer coil element also is to be connected on the wheel suspension (not shown) by tapped hole 25.Inner ring element 29 forms one with wheel rim 3, and brake disc 4 is connecting the outwards outstanding flange 27 of inner ring element 29 by threaded connector 28.Auxiliary element 15 is connected on inner ring element 29 by soldering joint 17.The inner 30 pressures pushed outwards of auxiliary element 15 are so that obtain desirable preload on the inner ring 7,8 of tapered roller bearing.
Embodiment among Fig. 4 has shown a kind of driving truck hub unit.Its vehicle bridge minor axis 2 has a through hole 39, and vehicle bridge element 31 passes this through hole.This vehicle bridge element is connecting live axle 32 by constant speed joint 34 on the one hand, is connecting wheel mounting flange 3 by driving flange 35 on the other hand.
The outer coil element 19 that forms one with wheel mounting flange 3 is being supported in rotatable outer ring 5,6, and fixing inner ring 7,8 is supported on the vehicle bridge minor axis 2.Described vehicle bridge minor axis 2 can turn to, and is hanging with respect to vehicle bridge 36 by pivot 37.
Embodiment among Fig. 5 has shown a kind of bearing unit, and it comprises a bearing 51 with inner ring 52 and outer ring 53.Between described race ring 52,53, holding two groups of balls 54.
A fastener rings 55 is connected on the outer ring 53 by soldering joint 56.This fastener rings 55 connects with outer lateral body 57 by an one outside forging and pressing edge 58.Another edge 59 is outwards forging and pressing also, to obtain final certain connection.
Embodiment among Fig. 6 has shown that 51, one flanges 65 of a kind of ball bearing are connected on the outer ring 53 of this ball bearing by soldering joint 56.Flange 65 is provided with hole 60, is used to hold bolt 61, so that this bearing unit is installed on frame or the analog.
Embodiment among Fig. 7 has shown that 51, one housings 62 of a kind of ball bearing connect thereon by soldering joint 62.In this housing, be provided with a space 63 that is used for sensor installation, radiator, fan etc.
The present invention relates to various different application, for example be used for the bearing of the bearing unit, train, farm machinery, haulage device etc. of gear-box, machine tool component, lorry or truck.
The heat treatment of bearing unit can be carried out before or after soft soldering or soldering, and can carry out before or after quenching or machining.
Claims (32)
1. bearing unit comprises: at least two bearing devices (5-8), and the bearing surface of described bearing device is supporting each other in a movable manner; And an auxiliary element, it is connecting one of described bearing device; Described auxiliary element is connecting the described bearing device that is attached thereto by a soldering or soft soldering connecting part; It is characterized in that described joint also comprises a mechanical locking, it is connected auxiliary element at least one race ring, and/or described joint also comprises a plastic deformation part, and it is connected auxiliary element at least one race ring.
2. bearing unit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described mechanical locking comprises helical thread portion (14), and a nut (13) or bolt are screwed on this helical thread portion.
3. bearing unit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described bearing device constitutes a sliding bearing.
4. bearing unit as claimed in claim 1 (1), it is characterized in that, described bearing device has constituted a rolling element bearing (5-12) and an auxiliary element (2), described rolling element bearing has an outer ring (5,6), inner ring (7,8) and at least one group with described inner ring and outer ring in the contacted rolling element of raceway (10,11), described auxiliary element (2) is connecting one of described inner ring and outer ring by described joint.
5. bearing unit as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, described joint and the described auxiliary element (2) that is attached thereto have opposed concentrically with respect to one another surface, have encapsulated one deck soldering or soft soldering material (17) between the described surface.
6. as arbitrary described bearing unit among the claim 1-5, it is characterized in that the material that constitutes described joint comprises a kind of high-grade material.
7. bearing unit as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, described high-grade material is low carbon steel, high tensile steel material or stainless steel material.
8. as arbitrary described bearing unit among the claim 1-5, it is characterized in that described joint comprises an element (15) with security requirement.
9. as arbitrary described bearing unit among the claim 1-5, it is characterized in that the material that constitutes described joint comprises a kind of lightweight material.
10. bearing unit as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, described lightweight material is aluminium, manganese, titanium or their alloy.
11., it is characterized in that the material that constitutes described auxiliary element (2) comprises a kind of inferior grade high-carbon material as arbitrary described bearing unit among the claim 1-5.
12. bearing unit as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that, described auxiliary element is a cast components.
13., it is characterized in that at least one in described bearing device and the additional device made by ceramic component as arbitrary described bearing unit among the claim 1-5.
14., it is characterized in that at least one in described bearing device and the additional device made by the composition of metal and pottery as arbitrary described bearing unit among the claim 1-5.
15. bearing-hub assembly, it comprises a bearing unit as claimed in claim 1 (1) and a mounting flange (3,14,27), described bearing unit (1) comprises a rolling element bearing, and described rolling element bearing has an outer ring (5,6), inner ring (7,8) and at least one group with described inner ring and outer ring in the contacted rolling element of raceway (9,10), described mounting flange is connecting one of described inner ring and outer ring by described joint.
16. bearing-hub assembly as claimed in claim 15 is characterized in that, described mounting flange comprises a wheel mounting flange (3).
17., it is characterized in that described mounting flange comprises a brake disc or brake drum mounting flange (27) as claim 15 or 16 described bearing-hub assemblies.
18., it is characterized in that described auxiliary element (2) is provided with torque transfer arrangement as claim 15 or 16 described bearing-hub assemblies, be used to be connected to a driving element.
19. bearing-hub assembly as claimed in claim 18 is characterized in that, described torque transfer arrangement is key or groove (23,24).
20. bearing-hub assembly as claimed in claim 18 is characterized in that, described driving element is universal joint (26), gear or crown gear.
21., it is characterized in that described inner ring (7,8) is rotatable as claim 15 or 16 described bearing-hub assemblies, described outer ring (5,6) have standing part (25), are used for described outer ring is fixed on wheel suspension.
22., it is characterized in that described outer ring (5,6) are rotatable as claim 15 or 16 described bearing-hub assemblies, described inner ring (7,8) has standing part (2), is used for described inner ring (7,8) is fixed on the wheel suspension.
23., it is characterized in that described auxiliary element (15) comprises the shaped profile part as claim 15 or 16 described bearing-hub assemblies.
24. bearing-hub assembly as claimed in claim 23 is characterized in that, by described shaped profile part a circlip (18) is contained in the corresponding groove on auxiliary element (15) and the corresponding race ring.
25., it is characterized in that described rolling element bearing (5-12) comprises a double-row conical bearing as claim 15 or 16 described bearing-hub assemblies.
26., it is characterized in that described rolling element bearing comprises a double-row angular contact bal bearing as claim 15 or 16 described bearing-hub assemblies.
27., it is characterized in that described rolling element bearing comprises the composite structure of roller bearing and ball bearing as claim 15 or 16 described bearing-hub assemblies.
28., it is characterized in that, be provided with at least one sensor, to monitor bearing state as claim 15 or 16 described bearing-hub assemblies.
29. bearing-hub assembly as claimed in claim 28 is characterized in that, described bearing state comprises temperature, speed, load.
30. as claim 15 or 16 described bearing-hub assemblies, it is characterized in that described outer ring is rotatable, and have soldering or soft soldering standing part, be used for described outer ring is fixed to brake system component.
31. bearing-hub assembly as claimed in claim 30 is characterized in that, described brake system component is a brake disc movably.
32. pinion bearing, it comprises a bearing unit as claimed in claim 1 and a pinion shaft, described bearing unit comprises a rolling element bearing, described rolling element bearing has the contacted rolling element of raceway in an outer ring, inner ring and at least one group and described inner ring and the outer ring, described pinion shaft is connecting described inner ring by described joint, and described pinion shaft is supporting a small gear.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL1023883 | 2003-07-10 | ||
| NL1023883A NL1023883C2 (en) | 2003-07-10 | 2003-07-10 | Bearing assembly comprising a soldered connection. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1576622A CN1576622A (en) | 2005-02-09 |
| CN1306178C true CN1306178C (en) | 2007-03-21 |
Family
ID=34114473
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004800233167A Expired - Fee Related CN100494713C (en) | 2003-07-10 | 2004-07-08 | Bearing unit with brazed or soldered connection |
| CNB2004100635222A Expired - Fee Related CN1306178C (en) | 2003-07-10 | 2004-07-09 | Bearing assembly with brazing or soft soldering connecting part |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004800233167A Expired - Fee Related CN100494713C (en) | 2003-07-10 | 2004-07-08 | Bearing unit with brazed or soldered connection |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (2) | CN100494713C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102004033669A1 (en) |
| NL (1) | NL1023883C2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005058773A1 (en) * | 2005-12-09 | 2007-06-14 | Schaeffler Kg | Method for connecting wheel carrier mechanism to outer race of antifriction bearing, involves forming soldered or welded joints between carrier mechanism and outer race |
| DE102005058774A1 (en) * | 2005-12-09 | 2007-06-14 | Schaeffler Kg | Wheel support and antifriction bearing connecting method for vehicle, involving providing support device and outer ring with materials of different carbon proportion, and welding or soldering support device and ring together at welded joint |
| WO2007068291A1 (en) * | 2005-12-17 | 2007-06-21 | Ab Skf | Wheel end bearing arrangement |
| DE102006008438A1 (en) * | 2006-02-23 | 2007-09-06 | Ab Skf | Bearing arrangement has running track section fixed on conically formed surface by material bonding, wherein this connection may be in spot form or extensive over surface |
| DE102006034468B4 (en) * | 2006-07-26 | 2011-12-01 | Ab Skf | Method for mounting a bearing assembly in a housing and / or on a shaft |
| WO2009056159A1 (en) * | 2007-11-02 | 2009-05-07 | Aktiebolaget Skf | Combination of bearing component and sensor |
| DE102008046623A1 (en) * | 2008-09-10 | 2010-03-11 | Schaeffler Kg | Multi-row slewing bearing with multi-part outer ring |
| DE102009031210A1 (en) * | 2009-07-01 | 2011-01-05 | Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | Wheel bearing arrangement with pre-seal |
| WO2012159779A1 (en) | 2011-05-23 | 2012-11-29 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Rolling bearing arrangement with clamping means which support a positive locking action |
| ITTO20130024A1 (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2014-07-12 | Skf Ab | BEARING UNIT - LIGHT WEIGHT HUB AND PROCEDURES FOR ITS ASSEMBLY |
| ITTO20130025A1 (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2014-07-12 | Skf Ab | BEARING UNIT - LIGHT WEIGHT HUB AND PROCEDURES FOR ITS ASSEMBLY |
| CN108406112B (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2021-07-27 | 通快激光英国有限公司 | Laser weld |
| CN107539014B (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2020-08-28 | 东阳市特意新材料科技有限公司 | Car hub |
| CN111336183B (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2024-07-23 | 上汽通用五菱汽车股份有限公司 | Cleaning machine working machine trailer wheel subassembly |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4405032A (en) * | 1980-05-09 | 1983-09-20 | Lohr & Bromkamp Gmbh | Wheel hub assembly |
| US4419816A (en) * | 1978-11-27 | 1983-12-13 | Skf Industrial Trading & Development Company B.V. | Device for producing an object consisting of at least two parts movable relative to one another one of which is substantially enclosed within the other |
| JP2000291786A (en) * | 1999-03-26 | 2000-10-20 | Skf France | Manufacture of pulley with integral bearing |
| JP2001311428A (en) * | 2000-03-21 | 2001-11-09 | Soc Appl Gen Electr Mec <Sagem> | Compound bearing with double ball bearing, assembling process of bearing, and tool for supporting, aligning and pre-stressing |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1029796C (en) * | 1990-12-18 | 1995-09-20 | 东北电力试验研究院 | Process for manufacturing or repairing large bush |
| NL1013785C2 (en) * | 1999-12-07 | 2001-06-12 | Hui Liang Lin | Quick-release bicycle hub with modified bearing and axle retention |
-
2003
- 2003-07-10 NL NL1023883A patent/NL1023883C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2004
- 2004-07-08 CN CNB2004800233167A patent/CN100494713C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-07-09 DE DE102004033669A patent/DE102004033669A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-07-09 CN CNB2004100635222A patent/CN1306178C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4419816A (en) * | 1978-11-27 | 1983-12-13 | Skf Industrial Trading & Development Company B.V. | Device for producing an object consisting of at least two parts movable relative to one another one of which is substantially enclosed within the other |
| US4405032A (en) * | 1980-05-09 | 1983-09-20 | Lohr & Bromkamp Gmbh | Wheel hub assembly |
| JP2000291786A (en) * | 1999-03-26 | 2000-10-20 | Skf France | Manufacture of pulley with integral bearing |
| US6270001B1 (en) * | 1999-03-26 | 2001-08-07 | Skf France | Method of manufacturing a pulley with integral bearing |
| JP2001311428A (en) * | 2000-03-21 | 2001-11-09 | Soc Appl Gen Electr Mec <Sagem> | Compound bearing with double ball bearing, assembling process of bearing, and tool for supporting, aligning and pre-stressing |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102004033669A1 (en) | 2005-02-24 |
| CN100494713C (en) | 2009-06-03 |
| CN1576622A (en) | 2005-02-09 |
| NL1023883C2 (en) | 2005-01-11 |
| CN1836114A (en) | 2006-09-20 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN1306178C (en) | Bearing assembly with brazing or soft soldering connecting part | |
| US10166812B2 (en) | Axle assembly | |
| US7452136B2 (en) | Bearing apparatus for a wheel of vehicle | |
| US9308775B2 (en) | Bearing device for wheel and manufacturing method therefor | |
| US8302309B2 (en) | Process for producing bearing device for wheel | |
| US10207536B2 (en) | Drive wheel bearing and method of manufacturing the same | |
| JP5355938B2 (en) | Drive wheel bearing device | |
| CN1459007A (en) | Method for assembling double row angular contact rolling element bearing unit, and bearing unit manufactured according to said method | |
| CN102056752A (en) | Bearing device for driving wheels | |
| JP2005188599A (en) | Bearing device for wheel | |
| US8192088B2 (en) | Wheel support bearing assembly and method of making the same | |
| US20060223643A1 (en) | Exterior joint part comprising a supporting disc | |
| WO2010021118A1 (en) | Wheel bearing device | |
| CN1495052A (en) | Bearing device for vehicle wheel | |
| CN104812591B (en) | Bearing device for wheel | |
| JP2017013079A (en) | Processing method of bearing device for wheel | |
| JP4536086B2 (en) | Wheel bearing device and manufacturing method thereof | |
| US7909517B2 (en) | Wheel support bearing assembly and manufacturing method thereof | |
| CN1924377A (en) | Shaft for constant velocity universal joint | |
| CN1886600A (en) | Bearing device for wheel | |
| JP2006273132A (en) | Rear wheel bearing device | |
| EP2113394B1 (en) | Bearing for wheel and method for manufacturing the same | |
| JP2010058575A (en) | Bearing device for wheels | |
| JP2002122145A (en) | Ball for constant velocity universal joint | |
| JP2012192818A (en) | Bearing device for wheel |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20070321 Termination date: 20160709 |