CN1304860C - Large mode field area large chromatic dispersion photonic crystal fiber - Google Patents
Large mode field area large chromatic dispersion photonic crystal fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN1304860C CN1304860C CNB2005100115716A CN200510011571A CN1304860C CN 1304860 C CN1304860 C CN 1304860C CN B2005100115716 A CNB2005100115716 A CN B2005100115716A CN 200510011571 A CN200510011571 A CN 200510011571A CN 1304860 C CN1304860 C CN 1304860C
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- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000004038 photonic crystal Substances 0.000 title claims description 26
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003708 ampul Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012681 fiber drawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a large dispersion photon crystal optical fiber having large mold field area, which belongs to the technical field of dispersion compensation of an optical fiber communication system. The present invention is characterized in that the large dispersion photon crystal optical fiber comprises seven groups of non-symmetrical coupling double-core structure, wherein six groups are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction; the other group is positioned in the center of the circumference. Each group comprises an inner core, an inner covering layer and an outer core orderly from interior to exterior, wherein the inner core is solid silicon dioxide; the inner covering layer is composed of small air holes and silicon dioxide which are periodically arrayed along the radial direction of the fiber; the outer core is a ring which is composed of the small air holes; the hole diameter of each small air hole is 40 percent (+/-) 5 percent of the hole diameter of the small air hole of the inner covering layer. The dispersion of the large dispersion photon crystal optical fiber reaches 4500 ps/nm. km below zero, and the mold field area is increased to 65 micrometers <2>. Compared with the common dispersion compensation fiber, the present invention has the obvious advantages of large dispersion and large mold field area.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to that photonic crystal fiber designs and produces and optical fiber telecommunications system dispersion compensation device field.
Background technology
The dispersion compensation technology is the core key technology of speed fiber optic communication systems.Dispersion compensating fiber is the important devices of dispersion compensation in the speed fiber optic communication systems.Common dispersion compensating fiber forms two asymmetrical coupling fibre cores by highly doped and low-doped at surrounding layer at fibre core.Near phase matching wavelengths, when wavelength shift, because the redistribution of the space of mould field, make the effective refractive index difference that different wave length " impression " arrives, that is during wavelength variations, group velocity changes, and has so also just formed big waveguide dispersion.This dispersion compensating fiber generally will be formed centrally the fibre core that radius is little and refractive index is high in optical fiber.Fibre core and inner cladding have big contrast of refractive index.In order to realize big waveguide dispersion, wish to increase fiber core refractive index by mixing.When refractive index is too high, can between fibre core and covering, produce stress, cause the instability of optical fiber parameter.So doping content is subjected to the restriction of stress can not be too high.Therefore common dispersion compensation optical fiber is subjected to the restriction of mode field area and stress, and waveguide dispersion is difficult to do greatly, the typical dispersion values of present dispersion compensating fiber-100～-200ps/nmkm between.The mode field area of the dispersion compensating fiber by the doping means is generally less, is slightly larger than 20 μ m
2
And photonic crystal fiber is realized big chromatic dispersion easily.Photonic crystal fiber is that a kind of covering has periodic arrangement radially and along the novel optical fiber of the air small structure of shaft axis of optic fibre extends parallel, as shown in Figure 1.Wherein fibre core can be solid silicon dioxide or big airport, as Fig. 1 (a) and (b).The former is an index guide structure type photonic crystal fiber, and the latter is a band gap guiding type photonic crystal fiber.Photonic crystal fiber has air-silicon dioxide structure, and described air-silicon dioxide structure can be realized than the much bigger index modulation of mixing.Strong index modulation can realize the much bigger chromatic dispersion of dispersion compensating fiber than the doping process making.Present big chromatic dispersion photonic crystal fiber adopts the twin-core structure identical with common dispersion compensation optical fiber, as shown in Figure 2.This twin-core structure comprises an inner core and outer core in the form of a ring.Inner core is solid pure silicon dioxide, and outer core is the annulus with a circle aperture.The mould field of inner core and outer core can intercouple.This photonic crystal fiber can be realized the chromatic dispersion more much bigger than general dispersion compensating fiber, and at present the dispersion values of bibliographical information maximum is up to-18000ps/nmkm.The subject matter that this optical fiber exists is that mode field area is too small, usually less than 10 μ m
2This optical fiber can be introduced severe nonlinear if be used for dispersion compensation of channels.
Summary of the invention
Existing dispersion compensating fiber chromatic dispersion is less relatively, and mode field area is also less; And the mode field area of big chromatic dispersion photonic crystal fiber is littler.This can introduce non-linear greatly in dispersion compensation.
The present invention proposes a kind of novel big chromatic dispersion photonic crystal fiber structure.This photonic crystal fiber can keep bigger mode field area when realizing big chromatic dispersion.
The invention is characterized in that it comprises:
Surrounding layer, described surrounding layer have air and the spaced apart structure of pure silicon dioxide, and described surrounding layer has along optical fiber periodic arrangement but along the air small structure of shaft axis of optic fibre extends parallel radially, and is pure silicon dioxide between the air aperture;
Be positioned at seven groups of asymmetric coupling twin-core structures of above-mentioned surrounding layer, wherein each to organize asymmetric coupling twin-core structure all be a kind of air and the spaced apart structure of pure silicon dioxide, described each organize asymmetric coupling twin-core structure and have along optical fiber periodic arrangement but radially along the air small structure of shaft axis of optic fibre extends parallel, and between the air aperture, be pure silicon dioxide; Described each organize asymmetric coupling twin-core structure, from inside to outside be followed successively by: inner core, described inner core is that solid silicon dioxide is formed, inner cladding, described inner cladding by airport and pure silicon dioxide along optical fiber radially periodic arrangement form, outer core, described outer core have the ring that forms with a circle aperture, the aperture of aperture be in the inner cladding air small aperture 40% ± 5%; In described seven groups of asymmetric coupling twin-core structures, wherein six groups along the circumferential direction evenly distribute, the 7th group of center that is positioned at circumference, and described the 7th group inner core is positioned on the axis of optical fiber.
Described each organize in the asymmetric coupling twin-core structure, along hexagonal arraies such as optical fiber each layer of air aperture radially are.
The chromatic dispersion of big chromatic dispersion photonic crystal fiber of adopting this scheme is up to-4500ps/kmnm.Mode field area is brought up to 65 μ m
2Common dispersion compensation optical fiber has the remarkable advantage that chromatic dispersion is big, mode field area is big relatively.
Description of drawings
The photonic crystal fiber cross-sectional view that Fig. 1 uses always, (a) band gap-photonic crystal fiber, (b) index guide structure type photonic crystal fiber.
The cross-sectional view of the common big chromatic dispersion photonic crystal fiber of Fig. 2, inner core are solid silicon dioxide region, and outer core is the ring with a circle aperture: 1. inner core, 2. inner cladding, 3. outer core, 4. surrounding layer.
The big chromatic dispersion photonic crystal fiber cross-sectional view of Fig. 3 multicore: 1. inner core, 2. inner cladding, 3. outer core, 4. surrounding layer.
Fig. 4 wavelength is the mould field pattern during less than phase matching wavelengths.
Fig. 5 wavelength is the mould field pattern when phase matching wavelengths.
Fig. 6 wavelength is the mould field pattern during greater than phase matching wavelengths.
Fig. 7 pattern effective refractive index index is with wavelength variations figure.
The dispersion map of the big chromatic dispersion photonic crystal fiber of Fig. 8.
Embodiment
This big dispersive optical fiber comprises seven groups of asymmetric coupling twin-core structures.Wherein six groups of twin-core structures along the circumferential direction evenly distribute.Another twin-core structure is positioned at the center of circumference.Each group all is an asymmetric coupling twin-core structure.This asymmetrical coupling twin-core structure can form super model.When wavelength variations, super model can change in spatial distributions.Such as when wavelength less than inner core and outside during the phase matching wavelengths of core, the mould field distribution is at inner core; When being in the phase matching wavelengths of inner core and outer core, the mould field is distributed in inner core and outer core simultaneously; When wavelength during greater than phase matching wavelengths, the mould field mainly is distributed in outer core.And the refractive index of inner core and outer core is different, is asymmetric.So the wavelength difference, mould field distribution difference, group velocity are just different.That is during wavelength variations, great changes will take place for group velocity, that is this structure has big chromatic dispersion.The xsect of this optical fiber as shown in Figure 3.Gray area is an airport among the figure, and white portion is a silica dioxide medium.The 1st, the inner core of one group of twin-core structure wherein, the 2nd, inner cladding, the 3rd, outer core, the 4th, surrounding layer.Inner core is solid silicon dioxide region, and outer core is the ring with a circle aperture.The aperture of outer core aperture is 40% ± 5% of an inner core small aperture.Therefore the mean refractive index of the ring at this circle aperture place just can form a fibre core-outer core than the height of covering.But the mean refractive index of this fibre core is littler than the refractive index of inner core, that is the mould field group velocity in the outer core is bigger than the mould field group velocity of inner core.Near coupled wavelength, during wavelength variations, the mould field redistributes in inner core and outer core, the change that the group velocity generation is strong, thus cause big chromatic dispersion.Single twin-core structure mode field area is smaller.If during with single twin-core unsymmetric structure propagates light, power density is bigger, that brings like this is non-linear also bigger.Here seven groups of same twin-core unsymmetric structures have been adopted.So just can be divided into seven parts to launched power, the power density of each twin-core structure will significantly reduce, and so just greatly reduces non-linear.
The structure of the long-pending photonic crystal fiber of the big die face of this big chromatic dispersion as shown in Figure 3.Pitch of holes (grating constant) Λ=2.3 μ m.Macropore diameter d=1.4 μ m.The hole diameter of outer core is φ=0.55 μ m.
The mould field distribution is as shown in Figure 4 during less than phase matching wavelengths when wavelength.As seen from the figure, the mould field mainly is distributed in inner core.In the mould field distribution of phase matching wavelengths place as shown in Figure 5.The mould field is distributed in inner core and outer core simultaneously as seen from the figure.Wavelength mainly is distributed in outer core in the mould field during greater than phase matching wavelengths.As shown in Figure 6.The effective refractive index of pattern with wavelength variations as shown in Figure 7.Horizontal ordinate is a wavelength among this figure, and ordinate is the effective refractive index index.Solid line be the effective refractive index of basic mode with wavelength change, dotted line is that the effective refractive index index of high-order mode is with wavelength change.The chromatic dispersion of photonic crystal fiber as shown in Figure 8.Horizontal ordinate is a wavelength, and ordinate is a dispersion values.As can be seen from this figure, chromatic dispersion has-individual chromatic dispersion peak value at wavelength 1.545 μ m, and chromatic dispersion is up to-4500ps/nmkm.
This optical fiber adopts makes general " piling-draw " technology making of photonic crystal fiber.The prefabricated rods of making this optical fiber is hollow and solid quartz ampoule.Have three kinds of quartz ampoules: A type, Type B, C type.The A type is solid quartz pushrod, and B, C type are hollow quartz ampoules.Wherein the internal diameter of Type B be the C type internal diameter 40% ± 5%.At first with the drawing-down of three kinds of quartz ampoule original preform rod heating and melting, be 3mm up to the external diameter of quartz pushrod.Then C type quartz ampoule is piled into a branch of prefabricated rods by the hexangle type lattice arrangement, at this moment this a branch of prefabricated rods all is made up of the C pipe with big airport.Arrangement mode by Fig. 3 changes the C pipe into the A pipe in the position of inner core then, and the position of core changes the C pipe into the B pipe outside.Be arranged in amplification pattern at last, prefabricated rods in the middle of Here it is as the equal proportion of Fig. 3.Prefabricated rods is put into fiber drawing tower and is carried out melt drawing in the middle of this, just becomes required as Fig. 3 large mode field area large chromatic dispersion photonic crystal fiber at last.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of large mode field area large chromatic dispersion photonic crystal fiber is characterized in that, it comprises:
Surrounding layer, it has air and the spaced apart structure of pure silicon dioxide, and described surrounding layer has along optical fiber periodic arrangement but along the air small structure of shaft axis of optic fibre extends parallel radially, and is pure silicon dioxide between the air aperture;
Be positioned at seven groups of asymmetric coupling twin-core structures of above-mentioned surrounding layer, wherein each to organize asymmetric coupling twin-core structure all be a kind of air and the spaced apart structure of pure silicon dioxide, described each organize asymmetric coupling twin-core structure and have along optical fiber periodic arrangement but radially along the air small structure of shaft axis of optic fibre extends parallel, and between the air aperture, be pure silicon dioxide; Described each organize asymmetric coupling twin-core structure, from inside to outside be followed successively by: inner core, described inner core is that solid silicon dioxide is formed, inner cladding, described inner cladding by airport and pure silicon dioxide along optical fiber radially periodic arrangement form, outer core, described outer core have the ring that constitutes with a circle aperture, the aperture of aperture be in the inner cladding air small aperture 40% ± 5%; In described seven groups of asymmetric coupling twin-core structures, wherein six groups along the circumferential direction evenly distribute, the 7th group of center that is positioned at circumference, and described the 7th group inner core is positioned on the axis of optical fiber.
2, a kind of large mode field area large chromatic dispersion photonic crystal fiber according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described each organize in the asymmetric coupling twin-core structure, along hexagonal arraies such as optical fiber each layer of air aperture radially are.
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| CNB2005100115716A CN1304860C (en) | 2005-04-15 | 2005-04-15 | Large mode field area large chromatic dispersion photonic crystal fiber |
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| CNB2005100115716A CN1304860C (en) | 2005-04-15 | 2005-04-15 | Large mode field area large chromatic dispersion photonic crystal fiber |
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| CN1304860C true CN1304860C (en) | 2007-03-14 |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101887144B (en) * | 2009-05-13 | 2012-07-04 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Slow light effect photonic crystal waveguide structure for eliminating group velocity dispersion |
| CN101788728A (en) * | 2009-12-14 | 2010-07-28 | 深圳大学 | photonic crystal multi-port circulator |
| CN102401934B (en) * | 2010-09-10 | 2014-12-10 | 北京邮电大学 | Flattened dispersion photonic crystal optical fiber |
| CN102279439A (en) * | 2011-07-26 | 2011-12-14 | 重庆大学 | Hybrid light-guiding type single-polarization single-mode optical fiber |
| CN103487879B (en) * | 2013-09-23 | 2015-08-05 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of seven core photonic crystal fibers suppressing high-order super model to export |
| CN113589424B (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2022-05-17 | 燕山大学 | Polarization-maintaining dispersion compensation microstructure optical fiber |
| CN113917596B (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2022-09-09 | 燕山大学 | Microstructure optical fiber for dispersion compensation |
| CN114035264B (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-06-17 | 燕山大学 | Dispersion compensation microstructure optical fiber |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1425930A (en) * | 2003-01-17 | 2003-06-25 | 清华大学 | Double core photon crystal optical fibre |
| US20030190129A1 (en) * | 2000-08-25 | 2003-10-09 | Ian Bassett | Optical waveguide fibre |
| CN1588141A (en) * | 2004-08-06 | 2005-03-02 | 上海大学 | Photon crystal optical fiber |
| WO2005026783A2 (en) * | 2003-09-12 | 2005-03-24 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Method for configuring air-core photonic-bandgap fibers free of surface modes |
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2005
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20030190129A1 (en) * | 2000-08-25 | 2003-10-09 | Ian Bassett | Optical waveguide fibre |
| CN1425930A (en) * | 2003-01-17 | 2003-06-25 | 清华大学 | Double core photon crystal optical fibre |
| WO2005026783A2 (en) * | 2003-09-12 | 2005-03-24 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Method for configuring air-core photonic-bandgap fibers free of surface modes |
| CN1588141A (en) * | 2004-08-06 | 2005-03-02 | 上海大学 | Photon crystal optical fiber |
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