CN106908895B - All-solid-state broadband dispersion compensation refractive index guide type microstructure optical fiber - Google Patents
All-solid-state broadband dispersion compensation refractive index guide type microstructure optical fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN106908895B CN106908895B CN201710178076.7A CN201710178076A CN106908895B CN 106908895 B CN106908895 B CN 106908895B CN 201710178076 A CN201710178076 A CN 201710178076A CN 106908895 B CN106908895 B CN 106908895B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02295—Microstructured optical fibre
- G02B6/02314—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes
- G02B6/02319—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes characterised by core or core-cladding interface features
- G02B6/02323—Core having lower refractive index than cladding, e.g. photonic band gap guiding
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/036—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating core or cladding comprising multiple layers
- G02B6/03616—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference
- G02B6/03622—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference having 2 layers only
- G02B6/03627—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference having 2 layers only arranged - +
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Abstract
An all-solid-state broadband dispersion compensation refractive index guide type microstructure optical fiber comprises an inner layer fiber core cylinder, an outer layer fiber core cylinder, a cladding layer cylinder and a substrate material, wherein the substrate material is pure quartz, the inner layer fiber core cylinder is a germanium-doped pure quartz rod, and the outer layer fiber core cylinder is a layer of fluorine-or boron-doped pure quartz rod which is tightly arranged according to a regular hexagon; the cladding cylinder is a fluorine or boron doped pure quartz rod which is tightly arranged according to a regular hexagon; the refractive index of the inner-layer fiber core cylinder is greater than that of the substrate material, the refractive index of the substrate material is greater than that of the outer-layer fiber core cylinder, and the refractive index of the outer-layer fiber core cylinder is greater than that of the cladding cylinder; the diameters of the cladding cylinders are the same and are larger than that of the outer-layer fiber core cylinder, and the diameter of the inner-layer fiber core cylinder is larger than that of the outer-layer core cylinder; the column spacing is equal for all columns. The invention is easy to prepare and couple with the traditional optical fiber, can carry out broadband dispersion compensation on accumulated dispersion in the high-speed dense wavelength division multiplexing optical fiber communication transmission process, and provides an effective transmission medium for an optical fiber communication system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical fibers, and particularly relates to a microstructure optical fiber.
Background
In modern optical fiber communication systems, especially high-speed dense wavelength division multiplexing optical fiber communication systems, the accumulated dispersion during transmission becomes a major limitation for such systems. Therefore, broadband dispersion compensation for high-speed dense wavelength division multiplexing optical fiber communication systems becomes a research hotspot.
With the continuous understanding of the theoretical research and preparation technology of the microstructure optical fiber (also called as photonic crystal fiber), it is found that the dispersion characteristics of the optical fiber, such as the dispersion flatness characteristic and the dispersion compensation characteristic of the optical fiber, can be greatly adjusted by adjusting the microstructure design of the optical fiber.
At present, research on dispersion compensation micro-structured optical fibers mainly focuses on hollow core, full solid band gap type and air hole-quartz structure refractive index guiding micro-structured optical fibers. However, the band-gap type optical fiber limits a light guide window and is not suitable for being used as a transmission medium; the microstructure fiber with the air hole-quartz structure has the defects that the microstructure fiber is not easy to be coupled with the traditional fiber, and the air hole in the cladding is easy to collapse or deform due to overhigh temperature in the drawing process.
The all-solid refractive index guide type microstructure optical fiber is formed by replacing air holes with medium columns with different refractive indexes, is suitable for serving as a transmission medium, has the advantages of easiness in coupling with the traditional optical fiber, easiness in preparation and the like, and can effectively solve the problems of the hollow core, all-solid band gap type and air hole-quartz structure refractive index guide type microstructure optical fibers. Some researchers have studied all-solid-index guiding type microstructure optical fibers, but they mainly studied dispersion flattening characteristics, large mode area characteristics, and the like. The optical fiber can effectively transmit signals in optical fiber communication, but has no dispersion compensation characteristic and cannot compensate accumulated dispersion in the optical fiber communication transmission process.
At present, no research personnel are available for researching the dispersion compensation property of the all-solid refractive index guide type microstructure optical fiber, and only two reports closely related to the all-solid dispersion compensation microstructure optical fiber are found. Firstly, Gautam Prabhakar and the like design a partially and fully-fixed dispersion compensation refractive index guide type microstructure optical fiber, although the optical fiber has single-point dispersion compensation characteristics or broadband dispersion compensation characteristics, the optical fiber still contains two layers of circular air holes, and the defects that the optical fiber is not easily coupled with the traditional optical fiber, and the air holes in a cladding are easily collapsed or deformed due to overhigh temperature in the drawing process and the like exist. And secondly, the von Lengfu good and the like design a full-fixation dispersion compensation band gap type microstructure optical fiber, although the optical fiber has the characteristics of multiple zero dispersion points and negative dispersion compensation, the optical fiber is a band gap type optical fiber, the light guide window is limited, and the optical fiber is not suitable for being used as a transmission medium.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an all-solid-state broadband dispersion compensation refractive index guide type microstructure optical fiber which is easy to prepare and couple with the traditional optical fiber, can perform broadband dispersion compensation on accumulated dispersion in the high-speed dense wavelength division multiplexing optical fiber communication transmission process and can provide an effective transmission medium for an optical fiber communication system.
The invention comprises an inner layer fiber core cylinder, an outer layer fiber core cylinder, a cladding cylinder and a substrate material, wherein the substrate material is pure quartz, the inner layer fiber core cylinder is a pure quartz rod doped with germanium, and the outer layer fiber core cylinder is a layer of pure quartz rods which are tightly arranged according to a regular hexagon and doped with fluorine or boron; the cladding cylinder is a fluorine or boron doped pure quartz rod which is tightly arranged according to a regular hexagon; the refractive index of the inner-layer fiber core cylinder is greater than that of the substrate material, the refractive index of the substrate material is greater than that of the outer-layer fiber core cylinder, and the refractive index of the outer-layer fiber core cylinder is greater than that of the cladding cylinder; the diameters of all the cladding cylinders are the same and are larger than that of the outer-layer fiber core cylinder, and the diameter of the inner-layer fiber core cylinder is larger than that of the outer-layer core cylinder; the column spacing is equal for all columns.
The refractive index of the substrate material is 1.45;
the refractive index of the inner-layer fiber core cylinder is 1.45-1.485;
the refractive index of the outer-layer fiber core cylinder is 1.44-1.45;
the refractive index of the cladding cylinder is 1.425-1.44;
the diameter of the inner-layer fiber core cylinder is 1.2-2.0 mu m;
the diameter of the outer-layer fiber core cylinder is 0.43-0.59 mu m;
the diameter of the cladding cylinder is 0.8-1.8 μm;
the column spacing of all the columns is 1.8-2.4 mu m.
The total number of the cladding layers is 6, three layers are arranged between the inner-layer fiber core and the outer-layer fiber core, and three layers are arranged outside the outer-layer fiber core.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the optical fiber is of a double-layer core structure, and a larger negative dispersion value is obtained by utilizing a coupling mechanism between an inner-layer core and an outer-layer core mode.
2. By designing appropriate refractive index and diameter of the inner and outer layer core cylinders, refractive index and diameter of the cladding cylinder, and column pitch, broadband dispersion compensation characteristics can be obtained.
3. The full-solid structure reduces the complexity of a fiber forming process, is easy to prepare and is easy to couple with the traditional optical fiber.
4. The refractive index guide type microstructure optical fiber can be used as an effective transmission medium without limiting a light guide window.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a refractive index distribution diagram of example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the wavelength dependence of the effective refractive index of the fundamental mode and the mode field distribution of the fundamental mode at different wavelengths according to example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph of dispersion versus wavelength for example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a graph of the kappa number versus wavelength for example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a graph of residual dispersion for inventive example 1.
In the figure: 1-inner core cylinder, 2-outer core cylinder, 3-cladding cylinder, 4-base material, 5-inter-cylinder column spacing, 6-inner core cylinder refractive index, 7-outer core cylinder refractive index, and 8-cladding cylinder refractive index.
Detailed Description
Example 1
In the schematic diagram of the all-solid-state broadband dispersion compensation refractive index guiding microstructure optical fiber shown in fig. 1, the substrate material 4 is pure quartz, the inner layer fiber core cylinder 1 is a pure germanium-doped quartz rod, and the outer layer fiber core cylinder 2 is a layer of pure fluorine-doped quartz rod which is tightly arranged according to a regular hexagon; the cladding cylinder 3 is a fluorine-doped pure quartz rod which is tightly arranged according to a regular hexagon; the diameters of all cladding cylinders are the same and are 1.64 mu m, the diameter of the outer-layer fiber core cylinder is 0.51 mu m, the diameter of the inner-layer fiber core cylinder is 1.6 mu m, and the column pitches of all cylinders are equal and are 2.1 mu m; the total number of the cladding layers is 6, three layers are arranged between the inner-layer fiber core and the outer-layer fiber core, and three layers are arranged outside the outer-layer core; as shown in FIG. 2, the refractive index n of the substrate material01.45, refractive index n of the inner core cylinder11.48, outer core circleRefractive index n of the column21.445, cladding cylindrical refractive index n3Is 1.43.
The cylindrical refractive indexes of the inner fiber core and the outer fiber core are larger than the refractive index of the cladding cylinder, the microstructure optical fiber based on total internal reflection light guiding is formed, and the dispersion characteristic can be flexibly adjusted by reasonably designing the refractive indexes and the diameters of the inner fiber core cylinder and the outer fiber core cylinder, the refractive indexes and the diameters of the cladding cylinder and the column spacing. The effective refractive index of the fundamental mode of the optical fiber is converted along with the wavelength and the mode field distribution of the fundamental mode under different wavelengths are obtained by theoretical calculation by adopting a multipole method. As shown in fig. 3. It can be seen that at a certain wavelength, the refractive index changes abruptly, and this wavelength is called the phase matching wavelength λp. When the wavelength is less than the phase matching wavelength, the fundamental mode is transmitted in the inner core, and the effective refractive index of the fundamental mode of the inner core is greater than that of the high-order mode of the outer core; when the wavelength is equal to the phase matching wavelength, the effective refractive index of the inner core fundamental mode and the outer core higher-order mode are equal, so that the two are coupled, i.e., the inner core fundamental mode is converted into the outer core for propagation, and the outer core higher-order mode is converted into the inner core for propagation. When the wavelength is longer than the phase matching wavelength, the energy of the inner-layer core fundamental mode is gradually coupled to the outer-layer core, and the effective refractive index of the outer-layer core fundamental mode is larger than that of the inner-layer core high-order mode.
Since the dispersion of optical fiber varies with wavelength, in order to adapt the need of broadband dispersion compensation, it must consider the simultaneous compensation of dispersion and dispersion slope, and in order to consider the factors of dispersion and dispersion slope, one defines a new parameter kappa (K), whose expression is K ═ D/Dslope. It represents the simultaneous compensation capability of the device for fiber dispersion and dispersion slope. If desired, broadband dispersion compensation is achieved, it is generally required that the dispersion compensating fiber have a kappa value close to or equal to that of the fiber being compensated.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, it can be seen that the dispersion value abruptly changes at the phase matching wavelength. And before the phase matching wavelength, the dispersion value has a negative dispersion value and a negative dispersion slope, so that the requirement of broadband dispersion compensation is met. Within the range of 1500 nm-1600 nm, the dispersion value varies within-220 ps/nm-km to-163 ps/nm-km, the kappa value of the optical fiber of the invention is very close to that of a standard single-mode optical fiber, and the two kappa values are equal at 1538nm and 1578nm, so that the optical fiber has good broadband dispersion compensation characteristic.
As shown in fig. 6, it can be seen that the residual dispersion of the optical fiber of the present invention after compensating 10.69 times of the standard single mode fiber in the range of 1500nm to 1600nm is nearly zero flat, further indicating that the optical fiber of the present invention has good broadband dispersion compensation characteristics.
Example 2
The substrate material is pure quartz, the inner layer fiber core cylinder is a pure quartz rod doped with germanium, and the outer layer fiber core cylinder is a layer of pure quartz rods which are tightly arranged according to a regular hexagon and are doped with boron; the cladding cylinder is a boron-doped pure quartz rod which is tightly arranged according to a regular hexagon; the diameters of all cladding cylinders are the same and are 1.0 mu m, the diameter of the outer-layer fiber core cylinder is 0.43 mu m, the diameter of the inner-layer fiber core cylinder is 2.0 mu m, and the column pitches of all cylinders are equal and are 1.8 mu m; the total number of the cladding layers is 6, three layers are arranged between the inner-layer fiber core and the outer-layer fiber core, and three layers are arranged outside the outer-layer core; refractive index n of the substrate material01.45, refractive index n of the inner core cylinder11.46, outer core cylindrical refractive index n21.44, cladding cylindrical refractive index n3Is 1.425.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides an all solid-state broadband dispersion compensation refracting index guide type micro-structure optical fiber, its includes inside and outside layer fibre core cylinder, cladding cylinder and substrate material, its characterized in that: the substrate material is pure quartz, the inner layer fiber core cylinder is a pure quartz rod doped with germanium, and the outer layer fiber core cylinder is a layer of pure quartz rods which are tightly arranged according to a regular hexagon and doped with fluorine or boron; the cladding cylinder is a fluorine or boron doped pure quartz rod which is tightly arranged according to a regular hexagon; the refractive index of the inner-layer fiber core cylinder is greater than that of the substrate material, the refractive index of the substrate material is greater than that of the outer-layer fiber core cylinder, and the refractive index of the outer-layer fiber core cylinder is greater than that of the cladding cylinder; the diameters of all the cladding cylinders are the same and are larger than that of the outer-layer fiber core cylinder, and the diameter of the inner-layer fiber core cylinder is larger than that of the outer-layer core cylinder; the column spacing of all the columns is equal;
the refractive index of the optical fiber substrate material is 1.45; the refractive index range of the optical fiber inner layer core cylinder is 1.45-1.485; the refractive index range of the optical fiber outer layer core cylinder is 1.44-1.45; the refractive index range of the optical fiber cladding cylinder is 1.425-1.44; the diameter range of the optical fiber inner layer core cylinder is 1.2-2.0 mu m; the diameter range of the outer-layer core cylinder of the optical fiber is 0.4-0.59 mu m; the diameter range of the optical fiber cladding cylinder is 0.8-1.8 mu m; the column spacing of all the columns is 1.8-2.4 mu m;
the cylindrical refractive indexes of the inner-layer fiber core and the outer-layer fiber core are both larger than that of the cladding cylinder, so that the microstructure optical fiber based on total internal reflection light guiding is formed, and the dispersion characteristic can be flexibly adjusted by flexibly setting the refractive indexes and diameters of the inner-layer fiber core cylinder and the outer-layer fiber core cylinder, the refractive index and diameter of the cladding cylinder and the column spacing;
when the wavelength is less than the phase matching wavelength, the fundamental mode is transmitted in the inner core, and the effective refractive index of the fundamental mode of the inner core is greater than that of the high-order mode of the outer core; when the wavelength is equal to the phase matching wavelength, the effective refractive indexes of the inner-layer core basic mode and the outer-layer core high-order mode are equal, so that the inner-layer core basic mode and the outer-layer core high-order mode are coupled, namely the inner-layer core basic mode is converted into the outer-layer core to be transmitted, the outer-layer core high-order mode is converted into the inner-layer core to be transmitted, when the wavelength is longer than the phase matching wavelength, the energy of the inner-layer core basic mode is gradually coupled to the outer-layer core, and at the moment, the effective refractive index of the outer-layer core basic mode;
because the dispersion of the optical fiber changes along with the wavelength, in order to adapt to the requirement of broadband dispersion compensation, the simultaneous compensation of the dispersion and the dispersion slope must be considered, and the factors of the dispersion and the dispersion slope are considered simultaneously; before the phase is matched with the wavelength, the dispersion value has a negative dispersion value and a negative dispersion slope, the requirement of broadband dispersion compensation is met, the dispersion value changes from-220 ps/nm-km to-163 ps/nm-km within the wavelength range of 1500nm to 1600nm, the kappa value of the optical fiber is close to the kappa value of the standard single-mode optical fiber, the kappa values of the optical fiber at 1538nm and 1578nm are equal to the kappa value of the standard single-mode optical fiber, and the broadband dispersion compensation optical fiber has good broadband dispersion compensation characteristics.
2. The all-solid-state broadband dispersion-compensating refractive index-guiding microstructured optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein: the total number of the optical fiber cladding layers is 6, three layers are arranged between the inner-layer fiber core and the outer-layer fiber core, and three layers are arranged outside the outer-layer fiber core.
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| US6178279B1 (en) * | 1997-03-25 | 2001-01-23 | The Furukawa Electric Co. Ltd. | Dispersion compensating optical fiber, and wavelength division multiplex light transmission line using the same |
| CN1535389A (en) * | 2001-04-11 | 2004-10-06 | 晶体纤维公司 | Dual Core photonic crystal fibers (PCF) with special dispersion properties |
| EP2166385A2 (en) * | 2008-09-19 | 2010-03-24 | Telekomunikacja Polska S.A. | Microstructure optical fiber and method for making same |
| CN204331087U (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-05-13 | 江苏南方光纤科技有限公司 | A kind of large negative dispersion photonic crystal fiber |
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Patent Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6178279B1 (en) * | 1997-03-25 | 2001-01-23 | The Furukawa Electric Co. Ltd. | Dispersion compensating optical fiber, and wavelength division multiplex light transmission line using the same |
| CN1535389A (en) * | 2001-04-11 | 2004-10-06 | 晶体纤维公司 | Dual Core photonic crystal fibers (PCF) with special dispersion properties |
| EP2166385A2 (en) * | 2008-09-19 | 2010-03-24 | Telekomunikacja Polska S.A. | Microstructure optical fiber and method for making same |
| CN204331087U (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-05-13 | 江苏南方光纤科技有限公司 | A kind of large negative dispersion photonic crystal fiber |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 全固高非线性低色散斜率光子晶体光纤设计;徐惠真，周昌杰;《中国激光》;20121110;第39卷(第11期);第1106001-1至1106001-6页 * |
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