CN1304197C

CN1304197C - Ecological brick

Info

Publication number: CN1304197C
Application number: CNB021208921A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郑润谋
Original assignee: HUAQINGQING ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing environmental science and Technology Development Co., Ltd.
Priority date: 2002-06-07
Filing date: 2002-06-07
Publication date: 2007-03-14
Anticipated expiration: 2022-06-07
Also published as: CN1463582A

Abstract

The present invention relates to an ecological brick which comprises a brick body, wherein a hollow space part (12, 22) of which the upper part and the lower part communicate is arranged in the brick body, and the surface and the inner part of the brick body are provided with holes; vertical holes (13) of which the upper part and the lower part communicate and vertical holes (14) for fixation are ranged in the brick body. The present invention has two forms such as a landscaping brick and a fish nest brick. The present invention can reach an ecological greening effect fundamentally and can provide ecological integral environment.

Description

Ecological brick

Technical field

The invention belongs to water conservancy, environmental protection field, especially a kind of ecological brick of deciding the environment of playing, living in peace that causes plant with fish.

Background technology

At present, the shore protection in the wall on ground such as park, the dykes and dams of reservoir, rivers and creeks, the inclined-plane of road, mostly adopting concrete brick, concrete wall or laying bricks is main construction, this is the result who gives priority to soil stabilization and inclined plane protection.The available coagulation cob brick is generally the solid shape of square, and its inside does not have hole, is generally made by cement, aggregate, Sha Heshui.With cement concrete brick is coupled together when building a wall, cement and sand plug have been lived all holes, and plant can't grow out from wall.In the bottom of reservoir, fish also has no way of surviving herein, has caused breaking off on the ecology.Revaluing of the environment that humanity is created puts on the agenda to the evaluation of the meaning of these views in greening day by day but now.In China, solve the problem of harnessing the river of safeguard protection dykes and dams, rivers and creeks shore protection, for Chinese rivers and creeks and road inclined-plane environment provide affine construction, provide and both satisfy constructional security, the ecological brick that reaches ecological afforestation effect again is very urgent.So when beginning to occur some with the firm inclined-plane of brick in recent years, the part in the middle of the inclined-plane is omitted the situation of laying bricks.But still be that the middle part of laying bricks of omitting can grow plant, and, the seriously reduction of the stability of wall.Prior art can't propose a kind of technology of fundamentally improving the ecological environment.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of ecological brick that fundamentally reaches afforestation effect on the ecology, ecological integrated environment is provided.

For achieving the above object, solution of the present invention is: a kind of ecological brick, it comprises the brick body, and the spatial portion of the sky of intercommunication is up and down arranged in the brick body, in the surface and the inside of brick body hole is arranged, and is arranging the upright opening of up/down perforation and fixedly use upright opening on the brick body.

Described spatial portion can be the native sand filling part of the intercommunication up and down of brick body central part, also can be the fish nest spatial portion of opening fully from the central part to the place ahead.

Ecological brick as previously discussed, it is characterized in that: the surface of brick body and inside are the structures that hole is arranged, the coring that some plant takes root in this hole, seed and nutrition soil are arranged on brick body 11, above-mentioned spatial portion 12 is native sand filling parts of the intercommunication up and down of brick body central part, the scape brick is made on the upper strata and lower floor makes upper and lower stacked the piling up of scape brick, soil sand filling part 12 the place ahead parts are to exposing outside, form the space that plant is being decided, fill seed and nutrition soil in this spatial portion 12, plant mainly takes root on herein the nutrition soil.

Because the surface and the inside of brick body of the present invention are the structures that hole is arranged, if spill seed and nutrition soil on brick, the coring of a part of plant just can be taken root by this hole, reaches afforestation effect.This is the total effect of the present invention.In addition, if spatial portion adopts the native sand filling part of the intercommunication up and down of brick body central part, when the brick stacked on top of one another is piled up, soil sand filling part the place ahead part is to exposing outside, form the space that plant is being decided, fill seed and nutrition soil in this space, plant just can decided herein, and in fact the plant of deciding in this space is more much more than what take root by hole.In addition, if spatial portion is the fish nest spatial portion of opening fully from the central part to the place ahead, fish just can be shuttled back and forth in this space and be played or live in peace.That adopts the fish nest brick that has fish nest spatial portion, top to adopt in the bottom of wall to have native sand filling part makes the scape brick, for riverbank or dykes and dams, has just reached ecological incorporate effect.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 makes the internal structure perspective view of scape brick for embodiments of the invention 1.

Fig. 2 is the a-a profile of Fig. 1 brick.

Fig. 3 a is the perspective view that the scape brick is constructed the construction example of 90 degree walls of making that utilizes the embodiment of the invention 1.

Fig. 3 b is that the corresponding steady pin of Fig. 3 a connects the top plan view of brick upright opening state up and down.

Fig. 3 c is Fig. 3 a routine main pseudosection of constructing accordingly.

Fig. 3 d is that corresponding two of Fig. 3 a makes schematic diagram stacked between the scape brick.

Fig. 4 a is the construction example perspective view that the scape brick is constructed 76 degree slope constructions of making that utilizes the embodiment of the invention 1.

Fig. 4 b is that the corresponding steady pin of Fig. 4 a connects the top plan view of brick upright opening state up and down.

Fig. 4 c is Fig. 4 a routine main pseudosection of constructing accordingly.

Fig. 4 d is that corresponding two of Fig. 4 a makes schematic diagram stacked between the scape brick.

Fig. 5 a is the construction example perspective view that the scape brick is constructed 53 degree slope constructions of making that utilizes the embodiment of the invention 1.

Fig. 5 b is that the corresponding steady pin of Fig. 5 a connects the top plan view of brick upright opening state up and down.

Fig. 5 c is Fig. 5 a routine main pseudosection of constructing accordingly.

Fig. 5 d is that corresponding two of Fig. 5 a makes schematic diagram stacked between the scape brick.

Fig. 6 a is the construction example perspective view that the scape brick is constructed 45 degree slope constructions of making that utilizes the embodiment of the invention 1.

Fig. 6 b is that the corresponding steady pin of Fig. 6 a connects the top plan view of brick upright opening state up and down.

Fig. 6 c is Fig. 6 a routine main pseudosection of constructing accordingly.

Fig. 6 d is that corresponding two of Fig. 6 a makes schematic diagram stacked between the scape brick.

Fig. 7 is the perspective view of the fish nest brick of the embodiment of the invention 2.

Fig. 8 is the b-b cutaway view of Fig. 7.

Fig. 9 a is the construction example perspective view that utilizes the reservoir shore protection structure of making the scape brick of the embodiment of the invention 2 fish nest bricks and embodiment 1.

Fig. 9 b is that the corresponding steady pin of Fig. 9 a connects the top plan view of brick upright opening state up and down.

Fig. 9 c is Fig. 9 a routine main pseudosection of constructing accordingly.

Fig. 9 d is a stacked schematic diagram between the corresponding two fish nest bricks of Fig. 9 a.

Specific implementation

Embodiment 1

Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 use when illustrating and firmly constructing structure according to the embodiment of the invention 1 for the wall on ground such as park, the dykes and dams of reservoir, the shore protection in rivers and creeks, the inclined-plane of road etc. makes the scape brick.

This makes scape brick 10 integral body, approximately is 6 dihedrals on the plane, has the shape brick body 11 of certain altitude thickness.There is hole surface and inside at the brick body, on the brick body, arranging the upright opening 13 and the fixing upright opening 14 of using of up/down perforation, wherein, fix and do not get through fully with upright opening 14, its hole depth only is the part of the thickness of brick, has only 10cm dark from brick top, in use, wear with upright opening 14 usefulness steady pins with the fixing of this piece brick with the upright opening 13 of a steady pin, steady pin can be stumbled and get final product the up/down perforation of another piece brick.The upright opening 13 of up/down perforation and fixing with the upright opening 14 equidistant both sides that are arranged in

spatial portion

12,22 on the brick body, as shown in Figure 1.

The central portion of brick body 11 has formed the native sand filling part 12 of intercommunication up and down, the baffle plate 15 that block native sand filling part 12 bottoms part area integrally formed with the brick body arranged below native sand filling part 12, keep to prevent when 90 degree stacked vertical are piled up that the native sand flow that native sand filling part 12 is filled from losing, as shown in Figure 2.

Present embodiment is when implementing, shown in Fig. 3 c, the brick wall of present embodiment, its back is a soil, geotextiles 3 in that the side elder generation layer overlay that the needs of soil are built a wall is preserved moisture leans against block on the geotextiles with brick, because of surface of the present invention is the structure that hole is arranged with inside, if spill seed and nutrition soil on brick, the coring of a part of plant just can be taken root in soil within the walls by this hole.But in fact, this taking root is slow, taking root of the plant of present embodiment mainly is cross layered up and down by means of the gradient on inclined-plane, shown in Fig. 4 c, on the structure firm inclined-plane the time part of soil sand filling part expose to the outside, can provide plant deciding the place, in native sand filling part, fill seed and nutrition soil, germination, its coring is being decided to reach afforestation effect in native sand filling part.

The material prescription of this ecological brick is: this ecological brick is that 5: 1 diameter is rubble and the blast-furnace cement of 5-19mm and the water that accounts for blast-furnace cement 30% by weight ratio, and the general water reducer proportioning that accounts for water weight 1% forms.The rubble place of production here refers to common rubble without limits.Blast-furnace cement is the blast-furnace cement of using in the general industry production.General water reducer is such as AE water reducer etc.

The manufacture method of this ecological brick comprises: described batching is mixed in mixer in described ratio; To add vibration in the material input mould that stir; The oil pressure compression; Steam-cured off-type in the steam-curing chamber.Here the stirring of mentioning is the stirring under normal temperature, the normal pressure, utilizes common mixer just passable, and the time of stirring does not have specific (special) requirements, is as the criterion with abundant mixing.Add vibration and also carry out at normal temperatures and pressures, the time of vibration, filling was as the criterion more really fully to fill up mould.As for the oil pressure compression, also be to carry out at normal temperatures and pressures with common brickmaking machine or hydraulic press, the time keeps shape to be as the criterion to break away from hydraulic press.Steam-cured off-type generally requires 48 hours effects better, carries out natural curing then.Technology through such has just obtained 10% above porosity, and intensity is at 150kg/cm ²The above scape brick of making.

Fig. 3 a, Fig. 3 b, Fig. 3 c, Fig. 3 d illustrate and utilize the construction example that the scape brick is constructed 90 degree inclination walls of making of the present invention.

This construction example is after finishing basic courses department earlier, to build the superstructure thing again.Deciding the definite part scape brick of making of the present invention in the basic courses department, the perforation upright opening of following face brick and last face brick is connected to each other and is piled into 90 degree.This moment the levels brick intersect pile up, the brick upright opening 13 of up/down perforation puts on the same vertical line, connect by pin.

To brick clay sand filling part 12 closely knit filling seeds, nutrition soil and native sand, the geotextiles 3 among Fig. 3 c is to block the space for the native sand flow that prevents the wall back advances to make scape brick 10, and the effect that keeps moistening is arranged simultaneously.Finish building the brick of certain layer, consolidate the soil of back, be provided with in the soil of back and support plastic wire 1, the soil horizon at the back side supports the brick layer by supporting plastic wire 1.Be provided with the brick number of plies that supports plastic wire 1 and regulate according to structure this moment.The place ahead part of the 90 degree wall soil sand filling parts of so building is to exposing outside, and at this point square plant can take root growth, can realize the greening of structure integral body.In addition, the scape brick of making of the present invention is a porous, and good water permeability can be omitted other stones construction of draining, not only application property, good economy performance, and also the inner native sand of filling of brick continues to contain moisture, and plant growth environment is kept optimum state.

This 90 degree wall connects into an integral body, has guaranteed firm tectonic force.That is, the native sand levels that native sand filling part is filled continues to connect, and connects into a unitary construction thing by steady pin, and is deciding to ground.Support the native layer of sand that connects the back side that is provided with of plastic wire 1, make to have highly stable structure.

Fig. 4 a, 4b, 4c, 4d illustrate and utilize the present invention to make the construction example that the scape brick is constructed 76 degree inclined ramp structures.

It is almost similar to construct this construction example 90 degree construction of walls general and in preceding explanation.Just, when making the scape brick on the lower end is made and piled up on the scape brick 10 in this construction example, first fixing aligning with upright opening of the perforation upright opening and lower end of brick upper end is piled up, and inserts steady pin and connects two-layer brick.

Spending the wall structures according to 76 degree inclined ramp structures of this construction example than 90 has and guarantees the more advantage of the plant of manying growing space.

Fig. 5 a, 5b, 5c, 5d illustrate and utilize the present invention to make the construction example that scape brick 10 is constructed 53 degree inclined ramp structures.

This construction example is built almost similar with 90 degree walls and 76 degree inclined ramp structures in preceding explanation.Just, the breakthrough form upright opening 13 of brick is fixed with second of following face brick and is aimed at upright opening when making the scape brick on the lower end is made and piled up on the scape brick 10 in this construction example, constructs into stairstepping.Steady pin 2 also to be set certainly this moment connect brick up and down.

Spending the inclined ramp structures according to the 53 degree inclined ramp structures of this construction example than 90 degree walls and 76 has and guarantees the more advantage of the plant of manying growing space.

Fig. 6 a, 6b, 6c, 6d illustrate and utilize the scape brick 10 of making of the present invention, construct the construction example of 45 degree inclined ramp structures.

This construction example general with build almost similar at 90 degree walls of preceding explanation and 76 degree and 53 degree inclined ramp structures.Just, the breakthrough form upright opening 13 of brick is fixed with the 3rd of following face brick and is aimed at upright opening when making the scape brick on the lower end is made and piled up on the scape brick 10 in this construction example, constructs into stairstepping.Steady pin 2 also to be set certainly this moment connect brick up and down.

Spending the inclined ramp structures according to 45 degree inclined ramp structures of this construction example than 90 degree walls and 76 degree and 53 has and guarantees the more advantage of the plant of manying growing space.

Embodiment 2

Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 illustrate according to embodiments of the invention 2, construct at the shore protection in lake water or rivers and creeks, and the fish nest brick that provides fish to live in peace the place is provided.

Embodiment 2 is with the different of embodiment 1:

The pars intermedia top and bottom and the front openings of this fish nest brick brick body 11, left and right sides and rear connect, and open fully from the central part to the place ahead, form a fish nest spatial portion 22.Fish can play, live in peace at this space free, forms ecological integrated environment.This fish nest brick 20 and front illustrated, and to make the scape brick the same, keeps 10% above porosity, and compressive strength is 150kg/cm ²Above celluar concrete product, the flat shape of its brick body 11 approximately also is 6 dihedrals.The move left and right groove 24 that depression is arranged at the right and left boundary upper surface of the rear of fish nest spatial portion 22 and fish nest spatial portion 22.Fish can be from this groove from moving left to the right side, or, make fish move freely fish nest space from being shifted to the right to a left side.Like this provided fish of design brick in place of playing, reservoir cross layered piling up down on the bank, on the structure firm shore protection structure the time, the place that provides fish to shuttle back and forth and play on the fish nest spatial portion.

Because the common feature that embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 have porous, so they can both finish the common function that plant (as pasture and water) is taken root, but it is cross layered up and down that embodiment 1 mainly is by means of the gradient on inclined-plane, on the structure firm inclined-plane the time part of soil sand filling part expose to the outside, can provide plant deciding the place, the characteristic of embodiment 2 is that it can be for fish provides an environment of living in peace, and realization is ecological integrated.

Fig. 9 a, 9b, 9c, 9d illustrate and utilize fish nest brick 20 of the present invention and make scape brick 10, construct the construction example of reservoir shore protection structure with perpendicular shape.Fish nest brick 20 has been built in this routine bottom of constructing, and top has been built and made scape brick 10.

This kind shore protection is also similar to the construction example of preceding explanation, and the levels intersection is piled up, and uses steady pin 2 and geotextiles 3 etc.It is constructed also much at one, and the Therefore, omited describes in detail.

The shore protection structure of so constructing, being arranged on often has the reservoir of water bottom fish nest brick fish nest spatial portion not only continue to connect up and down, and about the space that provides fish to shuttle back and forth and play or live in peace in structure inside is provided.

In addition, the present invention can construct the structure of multiple structure form except the above-mentioned construction example of enumerating, and every improvement well-known to those skilled in the art and structural variation all belong to protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1, a kind of ecological brick, it comprises the brick body,

It is characterized in that: the spatial portion (12,22) of the sky of intercommunication is up and down arranged in the brick body, hole is arranged, on the brick body, arranging the upright opening (13) and the fixing upright opening (14) of using of up/down perforation in the surface and the inside of brick body;

The material prescription of this ecological brick is: this ecological brick is that 5: 1 diameter is rubble and the blast-furnace cement of 5～19mm by weight ratio, accounts for the water of blast-furnace cement 30%, and it is formulated to account for the general water reducer of water weight 1%;

Described spatial portion is the native sand filling part (12) of the intercommunication up and down of brick body central part; Or described spatial portion is opened the fish nest spatial portion (22) that fish can be shuttled back and forth and be played or live in peace fully in this space from the central part to the place ahead;

The baffle plate (15) that block native sand filling part (12) bottom a part of area integrally formed with the brick body arranged in the below of native sand filling part (12).

2, ecological brick according to claim 1 is characterized in that: fixing hole depth with upright opening (14) only is the part of the thickness of brick.

3, ecological brick according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the upright opening of up/down perforation (13) and fixing with the equidistant both sides that are arranged in spatial portion on the brick body (12,22) of upright opening (14).

4, ecological brick according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the move left and right groove (24) that depression is arranged at the right and left boundary upper surface of the rear of fish nest spatial portion (22) and fish nest spatial portion (22).

5, according to any described ecological brick among the claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: the surface of brick body and inside are the structures that hole is arranged, the coring that some plant takes root in this hole, seed and nutrition soil are arranged on brick body (11), above-mentioned spatial portion (12) is the native sand filling part of the intercommunication up and down of brick body central part, the scape brick is made on the upper strata and lower floor makes on the scape brick, lower floor stacks block, soil sand filling part (12) the place ahead part is to exposing outside, form the space that plant is being decided, seed and nutrition soil are arranged on this spatial portion (12), and plant mainly takes root on herein the nutrition soil.