CN1292668C - Fresh-keeping method for pear and apple - Google Patents
Fresh-keeping method for pear and apple Download PDFInfo
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- CN1292668C CN1292668C CNB01108281XA CN01108281A CN1292668C CN 1292668 C CN1292668 C CN 1292668C CN B01108281X A CNB01108281X A CN B01108281XA CN 01108281 A CN01108281 A CN 01108281A CN 1292668 C CN1292668 C CN 1292668C
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- cellar
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- storing things
- fruit
- apple
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 235000014443 Pyrus communis Nutrition 0.000 title 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 241000220324 Pyrus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000021017 pears Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004320 controlled atmosphere Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 206010052428 Wound Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000505 pernicious effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 231100000241 scar Toxicity 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 244000141359 Malus pumila Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000021016 apples Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 3
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000021022 fresh fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009746 freeze damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Images
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- Storage Of Fruits Or Vegetables (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a fresh-keeping technology of apples and pears, and the scheme is to provide a natural ventilation storage cellar which can keep the temperature at 0-18 ℃ throughout the year, the temperature difference within 24 hours less than +/-1 ℃ and the humidity at about 95%; sterilizing the selected fruits before entering the cellar. The storage cellar adopts the technical scheme that: the storage rooms are distributed at two sides of the passage in the cellar, a buffer room is arranged between the cellar inlet and the cellar inlet of the passage in the cellar, and the tail end of the passage in the cellar is provided with an exhaust flue. The invention realizes that the picked fruits are not treated by any chemical agent, and achieves the long-term fresh-keeping technology without pollution.
Description
The present invention relates to the preservation technique of preservation technique field, particularly apple, pears.
Along with improving constantly of development of market economy and living standard, the consumer wishes can both buy fresh fruit throughout the year, and businessman wishes have a large amount of fresh fruits to sell equally, and in fact, at present because the backwardness of preservation technique can't satisfy the above-mentioned hope of consumer and businessman.
Primary and foremost purpose of the present invention provides the preservation method of a kind of pears, apple, and the technical scheme that is adopted is: the preservation method of a kind of pears, apple is characterized in that: preservation method may further comprise the steps:
Provide one can maintain the temperature in 0 ℃～18 ℃, 24 hours the temperature difference throughout the year and remain on the gravity-flow ventilation storage cellar about 95% less than ± 1 ℃, humidity;
Before fruit is gone into the cellar for storing things, facility in fruit storage box, basket and the cellar for storing things is stored interior sterilization, the harmful bacterium in the cellar for storing things can't be survived;
The good fruit that strict selected handle is arranged, does not have wounds, no worm, a no scar is wrapped up in to put down gently with paper bag and stores really in the chop case about about 20 kilograms of every case;
Fruit is gathered when nutrition is ripe, gathers and avoids pouring and rainwater in preceding 7～10 days, and handle with care, utilizes that high polyester is frostless, not have the natural storage of stain cold or manually store cold mode and above-mentioned apple to be store, pears are carried out anhydrous, innoxious precooling store in advance;
Reserve passage in the cellar for storing things, fruit storage box is put on both sides, the two-layer brick height of bottom position pad, and the discharging of the fruit storage box junction of the edges of two sheets of paper is discharged to the top and leaves the space, also can stack by built in the cellar for storing things.
With the frostless high storage cryogen of strengthening, cold and storage environment lowered the temperature and eliminate field heat by the refrigerating plant storage, the cellar for storing things temperature of apple, pears is 0 ℃～5 ℃, and humidity remains on about 90%.
At the fruit lay up period, regularly open fresh-keeping device, decompose the pernicious gas that produces in the fruit storage, suppress the fruit respiratory intensity, kill and suppress harmful bacterium and grow.
A further object of the present invention provides a kind of pears, the storage cellar of special use in the preservation method of apple, the technical scheme that is adopted is: storage bay is distributed in the both sides of cellar for storing things internal channel, go into to store import and store going into of internal channel chamber between buffering is arranged between the entrance of cellar, the end end of cellar for storing things internal channel has exhaust uptake, the top Jiao Ding of described storage bay is an arch form, its top is provided with the exhaust stomatodeum, the side that storage bay is positioned at the cellar for storing things internal channel is provided with into Jiao Danjianmen, the door top of Jiao Danjianmen is provided with the controlled atmosphere air inlet, the exhaust stomatodeum extends upward on the ground, exhaust uptake extends upwardly on the ground, the entrance of cellar place of going into of cellar for storing things internal channel is provided with into Jiao Men, and going into to store import and going into has step between buffering between the entrance of cellar.
By technique scheme, the present invention suits measures to local conditions to design the cellar for storing things type, realize that high, medium and low latitudinal region stores temperature throughout the year and remain between 0 ℃～18 ℃ and to change, the temperature difference is less than ± 1 ℃ in 24 hours, utilize simultaneously that high polyester is frostless, not have the natural storage of stain cold or manually to store cold replacement ice cube storage cold, realize that anhydrous innoxious precooling stores in advance, and utilize an amount of ozone and anion to carry out scientific management, realize to handle by any chemical agent after fruit is adopted, reach pollution-free long-period freshness preserving technology.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the planar structure schematic diagram of storage cellar;
Fig. 2 is the A-A cutaway view among Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the B-B cutaway view among Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the C-C cutaway view among Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 is that K among Fig. 1 is to view;
Fig. 6 is that S among Fig. 1 is to view.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the utility model is further described.
Apple, pears are pollution-free, and the comprehensive preservation method may further comprise the steps:
Provide one can maintain the temperature in 0 ℃～18 ℃, 24 hours the temperature difference throughout the year and remain on the gravity-flow ventilation storage cellar about 95% less than ± 1 ℃, humidity, according to high, medium and low latitude difference, the difference of topography and geomorphology, the height of level of ground water, design corresponding cellar for storing things type, scientifically utilize natural energy resources, realize these indexs.
Fruit fresh-keeping mainly comprises content:
1. the orchard is managed and is gathered
The orchard managing special will be noted the control and the rich water quality management of disease and pest, should note containing the standard of preventing and treating and the method for phase and later stage main diseases insect pest from Winter-Spring dormant stage of fruit tree, young shoot sprouting period, the leaf stretching period of blooming, setting and young fruit period, result, store to guarantee the high-quality that helps fruit, fruit is gathered when nutrition is ripe, gather and avoid pouring and rainwater in preceding 7～10 days, and handle with care, and do not hinder bad fruit because of collision.
2. eliminate field heat and adopt the back respiration heat
With the frostless high storage cryogen of strengthening, cold and storage environment lowered the temperature and eliminates field heat by the refrigerating plant storage, the reduction respiration heat is store effect in advance thereby reach thermophilic.Storing cold mode has two kinds, the efficient polyester of first storage cryogen (be isothermal, etc. more than 5 times of cold of water gaging storage), be used for winter the storing natural cold or the artificial storage of quick freezing repository cold, the storage cryogen can use repeatedly, does not have molten water to form; Its two be ice cell storage cold or (anhydrous arid area) be stored in the ice cell with the storage cryogen.Above-mentionedly utilize that to store the artificial quick-frozen of cold-peace storage season cold, solved the precooling of high temperature season fruit vegetables storing warehouse-in, reduce respiration heat, field heat reaches safety storing temperature.
3. fruit cellar for storing things sterilization, choosing fruit store and stack
Fruit is gone into the cellar for storing things a few days ago, and facility in fruit storage box, basket and the cellar for storing things is carried out disinfection with electronics controlled atmosphere machine, and the harmful bacterium in the cellar for storing things can't be survived;
The good fruit that strict selected handle is arranged, does not have wounds, no worm, a no scar is wrapped up in to put down gently with paper bag and stores really in wooden chop case about about 20 kilograms of every case;
Reserve 80～100mm passage in the cellar for storing things, fruit storage box is put on both sides, the two-layer brick height of bottom position pad, and the discharging of the fruit storage box junction of the edges of two sheets of paper is discharged to the top and leaves the 80mm space, also can stack by built in the cellar for storing things.
4. fruit cellar for storing things management
A. temperature control
Crisp pears, the best storage of apple cellar for storing things temperature are 0 ℃～5 ℃, be higher than 20 ℃, be easy to rot, be in 0 ℃ or be lower than 0 ℃ and be subject to damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature and freeze injury for a long time, September temperature is higher, can be in opening the air intake door and window after 8 every night, also can set up ventilating fan, regulate temperature by force, when temperature is on the low side, note closing Jiao Men and intake and exhaust door and window, temperature is remained on more than 0 ℃.
B. humidity control
Crisp pears, the best storage of apple humidity are about 90%; But humidity is too high cause easily rotten, (during chance ponding can regularly with immersible pump water be extracted) method taked during ponding when humidity in the too high or cellar for storing things is to start fresh-keeping device every day more than 2 hours, can guarantee not take place the situation of rotting, humidity is low excessively, can replenish humidity to the wet gunnysack of cellar for storing things ground water-sprinkling or shop, can prevent that fruit weightlessness can not be fresh-keeping because of humidity is low excessively.
C. regularly start fresh-keeping device and carry out controlled atmosphere
At the fruit lay up period, regularly open fresh-keeping device, decompose the pernicious gas that fruit produces in storing, suppress the fruit respiratory intensity, kill and suppress harmful bacterium and grow, guarantee that fruit normally stores the back item property basically as the new fruit of firm listing.The cellar for storing things temperature adopts four segment management technology, and its method sees the following form: 〉=3.5g/h ozone and anion tolerance are handled the warm four segment management tables in cellar for storing things
| The storage stage | Time | Warm ℃ of cellar for storing things | Number/100m during processing 3 | Continuous days |
| Go into the cellar for storing things initial stage | Mid-September-early October | 20-18 ℃ | 2 hours/every day | 20 |
| Storage in earlier stage | The mid-October-by the end of November | 14℃ | 2 hours/2 days at | 40 |
| Preserve mid-term | At the beginning of 12 months-around the Spring Festival | 0-5℃ | 2 hours/10 days at interval | 60-70 |
| The storage later stage | Mid-February-4, May | 5-18℃ | 2 hours/1-2 days at | 60,70-listing |
Embodiment 2
Referring to Fig. 1, storage cellar comprises the storage bay 10 that is distributed in internal channel 20 both sides, cellar for storing things, go into to store import 30 and store going into of internal channel 20 chamber 50 between buffering is arranged between the entrance of cellar 40, the end end of cellar for storing things internal channel 20 has exhaust uptake 60, and its planar dimension is 800mm * 800mm, and its upper end about 3000mm above ground level also is provided with a rain-proof cover 61, storage bay 10 has six, they are symmetrically distributed in the both sides of cellar for storing things internal channel 20, and the plane length and width of storage bay 10 are of a size of 2500mm * 2100mm, and height is about 3000mm.
Referring to Fig. 6, the top Jiao Ding of storage bay 10 is an arch form, its top is roughly concordant with ground level, the top is provided with exhaust stomatodeum 70 and extends on the ground, the sectional dimension of exhaust stomatodeum 70 is 200mm * 200mm, about 300mm～500mm is above the ground level, the side that storage bay 10 is positioned at cellar for storing things internal channel 20 is provided with into separate room, cellar for storing things door 11, as shown in Figure 1, 2, a door top of separate room, cellar for storing things door 11 is provided with controlled atmosphere air inlet 80, entrance of cellar 40 places of going into of cellar for storing things internal channel 20 are provided with into cellar for storing things door 41, and going into to store import 30 and going into has step 90 between buffering between the entrance of cellar 40.
The cellar for storing things thick brick wall of body and function 200mm～300mm of storage cellar disclosed in this invention is built into, and whole cellar for storing things body is located substantially on subsurface.
Carry out fresh-keeping according to such scheme to apple, pears, can reach the purpose of pollution-free long preservation, store season (120～180 days) for one, power consumption is no more than 50 degree, and removed fruit a large amount of, numerous and diverse overturning cellar for storing things manual labor storage period from, high humidity low temperature frost-free, non-dewfall have been realized, rising dehydration of fruit low temperature and dewfall stain evil problem have been prevented, prevented the fruit high humidity environment, low temperature resistant harmful microbe grows harm, adopt the present invention to fruit freshness preserving, preserved the fruit shelf life long 10～15 days than cold chain.
Above-mentioned cellar for storing things shape generally is suitable for the middle latitude flat-bottomed land, and corresponding cellar for storing things type need be suited measures to local conditions to design in other latitude and topography and geomorphology difference and the high area of level of ground water, to realize scientifically utilizing natural energy resources, realizes needed technical indicator.
Claims (2)
1, the preservation method of a kind of pears, apple, it is characterized in that: preservation method may further comprise the steps:
Provide one can maintain the temperature in 0 ℃～18 ℃, 24 hours the temperature difference throughout the year and remain on the gravity-flow ventilation storage cellar about 95% less than ± 1 ℃, humidity;
Before fruit is gone into the cellar for storing things, facility in fruit storage box, basket and the cellar for storing things is stored interior sterilization, the harmful bacterium in the cellar for storing things can't be survived;
The good fruit that strict selected handle is arranged, does not have wounds, no worm, a no scar is wrapped up in to put down gently with paper bag and stores really in the chop case about about 20 kilograms of every case;
Fruit is gathered when nutrition is ripe, gathers and avoids pouring and rainwater in preceding 7～10 days, and handle with care, utilizes that high polyester is frostless, not have the natural storage of stain cold or manually store cold mode and above-mentioned apple to be store, pears are carried out anhydrous, innoxious precooling store in advance;
Reserve passage in the cellar for storing things, fruit storage box is put on both sides, the two-layer brick height of bottom position pad, and the discharging of the fruit storage box junction of the edges of two sheets of paper is discharged to the top and leaves the space, also can stack by built in the cellar for storing things;
With the frostless high storage cryogen of strengthening, cold and storage environment lowered the temperature and eliminate field heat by the refrigerating plant storage, the cellar for storing things temperature of apple, pears is 0 ℃～5 ℃, and humidity remains on about 90%;
At the fruit lay up period, regularly open fresh-keeping device, decompose the pernicious gas that produces in the fruit storage, suppress the fruit respiratory intensity, kill and suppress harmful bacterium and grow.
2, the described pears of a kind of claim 1, the storage cellar of special use in the preservation method of apple, it is characterized in that: storage bay (10) is distributed in the both sides of cellar for storing things internal channel (20), go into to store import (30) and the cellar for storing things internal channel (20) go into chamber between buffering (50) is arranged between the entrance of cellar (40), the end end of cellar for storing things internal channel (20) has exhaust uptake (60), the top Jiao Ding of described storage bay (10) is an arch form, its top is provided with exhaust stomatodeum (70), the side that storage bay (10) is positioned at cellar for storing things internal channel (20) is provided with into Jiao Danjianmen (11), the door top of Jiao Danjianmen (11) is provided with controlled atmosphere air inlet (80), exhaust stomatodeum (70) extends upward on the ground, exhaust uptake (60) extends upwardly on the ground, the entrance of cellar (40) of going into of cellar for storing things internal channel (20) is located to be provided with into Jiao Men (41), and going into to store import (30) and going into has step between buffering (90) between the entrance of cellar (40).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB01108281XA CN1292668C (en) | 2001-02-28 | 2001-02-28 | Fresh-keeping method for pear and apple |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB01108281XA CN1292668C (en) | 2001-02-28 | 2001-02-28 | Fresh-keeping method for pear and apple |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1371613A CN1371613A (en) | 2002-10-02 |
| CN1292668C true CN1292668C (en) | 2007-01-03 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB01108281XA Expired - Fee Related CN1292668C (en) | 2001-02-28 | 2001-02-28 | Fresh-keeping method for pear and apple |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN1292668C (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101731321B (en) * | 2009-12-10 | 2012-03-14 | 四川大学 | Pear naked fresh-keeping method |
| CN101965861B (en) * | 2010-11-05 | 2012-07-04 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Method for prolonging refreshing time of Chinese pears |
| CN102626131B (en) * | 2012-04-11 | 2014-07-02 | 江华瑶族自治县六月香果业有限公司 | Controlled atmosphere fresh-keeping method for Yaoshan snow pears |
| CN103535430B (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2014-11-12 | 陕西师范大学 | Storage method of Chinese pearleaved crabapples |
| CN105627655B (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2018-04-17 | 沈阳农业大学 | The natural cooling source fresh-keeping warehouse of cool humid zone |
| CN104397143A (en) * | 2014-11-10 | 2015-03-11 | 固镇县村夫果蔬专业合作社 | Method for storing Dangshan crisp pears at normal temperature |
| CN107156275A (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2017-09-15 | 黑龙江鸿邦物流有限公司 | One kind cold ground cold energy preserving fruit and vegetable utilizing storehouse |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN85200033U (en) * | 1985-04-01 | 1985-10-10 | 清华大学 | Automatic control storehouse with spontaneous gas-regulated system |
-
2001
- 2001-02-28 CN CNB01108281XA patent/CN1292668C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN85200033U (en) * | 1985-04-01 | 1985-10-10 | 清华大学 | Automatic control storehouse with spontaneous gas-regulated system |
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| CN1371613A (en) | 2002-10-02 |
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