CN1284826C - Polymer composite material slant wedge friction board for railroad cargo vehicle - Google Patents
Polymer composite material slant wedge friction board for railroad cargo vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN1284826C CN1284826C CN 200410060915 CN200410060915A CN1284826C CN 1284826 C CN1284826 C CN 1284826C CN 200410060915 CN200410060915 CN 200410060915 CN 200410060915 A CN200410060915 A CN 200410060915A CN 1284826 C CN1284826 C CN 1284826C
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Abstract
The present invention provides a macromolecular composite material slant wedge friction board for a railway cargo train, particularly a special macromolecular composite material of a slant wedge friction board for a railway cargo train and a production technology thereof, which relates to the technical field of a friction board containing macromolecular matter and a forming and manufacturing technology thereof. The friction board has the advantages of relatively stable friction coefficient, small influence by external environment and temperature, no damage to the board body in operation, safety and reliability. The friction board has the technical scheme that the friction board comprises 35 to 45 parts by weight of chrysotile asbestos fiber or sepiolite fiber or preoxidized fiber, 1 to 8 parts by weight of copper fiber or steel fiber, 17 to 23 parts by weight of phenolic resin or cashew nut shell oil modified phenolic resin or nitrile rubber modified phenolic resin, 6 to 13 parts by weight of molybdenum disulfide and 8 to 15 parts by weight of graphite. The components are processed by a conventional dry process or wet process to prepare the friction board. A test proves that the friction board already reaches a design index and can be used for manufacturing the slant wedge friction board of a slant wedge type friction damper of a bogie of a railway cargo train.
Description
Technical field
The goods of polymer substance and the technical field that is shaped and makes, the particularly formation of the polymer composite of lorry wedge friction plate special use and production technique thereof are contained in the present invention system.
Background technology
The Wedge type frictionshock absorber is the technology of the comparative maturity in rail vehicle field.Designed by Qiqihar Vehicle Factory and railway research institute as far back as 1964 according to the knowledge of the applicant, the commentaries on classics 8A bogie of Dalian Locomotive Vehicle Factory's trial-production is brought into use the Wedge type frictionshock absorber.This vibroshock is made up of spring, bogie side frame facade friction plate and wedge, by spring wedge is pressed on the inclined-plane of bogie side frame facade friction plate (main surface of friction) and bolster (secondary surface of friction), mainly by the decay vibration of vehicle of the friction resistance that produces on the main surface of friction.Consult " newly change 8 types and change 6A type railway goods train bogie " literary composition (people's railway press 1975 September the 1st edition).Changeing 8A type bogie is the principal mode bogie that the existing railway freight train of China adopts, account for more than 80% of number of freight cars on hand, change the Wedge type frictionshock absorber life-span weak point that adopts on the 8A bogie at present, influence vehicle operating safety, its major cause is that the friction board wear resistance of side frame column friction plate and bolster wedge surface of friction is bad, make to wear away limit, the major and minor surface of friction of wedge corresponding with it also lost efficacy because wearing and tearing are overproof.Consult " the three piece truck new technology and the potential that adapt to Speed Increase of Freight Cars " " rail truck " Zhang Jinde, Xu Xiaoping, Hu with giving birth to a literary composition, 1999,37 (5).
Rail vehicle manufacturing sector once adopted shellfish spheroid wedge to replace old-fashioned wedge, but did not fundamentally solve wedge-type frictionshock absorber unstable properties and not attrition resistant problem.Still have in the commentaries on classics 8A bogie of Qinhuangdao rolling stock section in 2000 maintenance to surpass 30% friction plate and just worn and torn overproofly less than a shed repair phase, must change.Consult " it is to solve the fundamental way of changeing the 8A defective shock absorber that wearing plate is regenerated " Deng Li, Zhou Cailin, Shao Fangyi, a literary composition, " rail truck ", 2001,39 (8).
China visitor, goods mix and run at present, so the low further speed-raising that has influenced passenger vehicle of lorry travelling speed.In order to reach China visitor, lorry travelling speed rational Match, must improve goods train speed, the travelling speed that improves lorry must at first improve the dynamic performance of vehicle, and one of key that improves the dynamics of vehicle performance is the shock mitigation system that excellent property must be arranged.The expert points out: since the nineties, the developing direction of overseas high speed lorry frictionshock absorber all is with polymer composite friction pair substituted metal friction pair, old-fashioned cast iron wedge friction pair, under the high-speed cruising state sintering, bite, wear-resisting etc. do not had a strong impact on the raising of vibroshock performance, thereby limited the raising of car speed.In order to overcome the defective that the cast iron wedge is difficult to overcome, China has released shellfish spheroid body of casting iron wedge in the nineties, but still unresolved problem.According to the knowledge of the applicant, the research of polymer composite wedge is not seen open report in China.Thoroughly solving this technical barrier of wedge, improve the tribological property and the serviceability of bogie key part, is design starting point of the present invention.
In view of this, develop a kind of metastable frictional coefficient that has, be subjected to external environment and temperature effect less, do not hinder body in the friction operational process, the polymer composite friction plate of the safe and reliable Wedge type friction shock absorber that turns round is the demand of the technical market of goods train vehicle.
In order to verify novelty of the present invention, the applicant has carried out literature search, and its scope is: Chinese patent database, SWIC, Chinese science technological achievement database, CDDB and china academia meeting paper database.Looking into new result thinks: not seeing has domestic identical bibliographical information.
In order to find out the of the prior art documents closely related or relevant with the application's theme, to help the contriver to the understanding of technical scheme and solving of the patent property permitted thereof, patent documentation is retrieved, it discloses can have by correlated file: " semimetal friction material " (application number: 89100843), it is made of steel fiber, iron fiber, graphite, molybdenumdisulphide, resol etc., have friction catch steadily, advantage such as stable friction factor, abrasion loss be little, be applicable in high loading, the high-speed launch vehicle." preparation method of meerschaum friction material for automobile " (application number: 89106982), being to be base-material with the sepiolite, being equipped with material such as thermoplastic resin and making to have the performance that good high temperature resistance anti-friction decreases, is a kind of automobile antifriction material." solid friction agent between wheel ﹠ rail " (application number: 92115302) be the friction agent of making by Graphite Powder 99, molybdenumdisulphide etc., it can improve the locomotive wheel adhesion factor, anti-skidding, reduce wear and reduce noise.As seen these technical schemes and Application Areas and the application's scheme are inequality.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to develop and a kind ofly have metastable frictional coefficient, be subjected to external environment and temperature effect is less, do not hinder to body the Wedge type friction shock absorber polymer composite friction plate that turns round safe and reliable in the friction operational process for the lorry of railway freight-car after particularly raising speed.For this reason, the technical problem of to solve is: component, weight ratio part and production technique to matrix material design, and this technical scheme is as follows:
Component and weight ratio part scope:
Chrysotile asbestos fibre or sepiolite fibre or pre-oxidized fibers 35-45 weight part; Copper fiber or steel fiber 1-8 weight part; Resol or cashew nut oil modified alkyd resin or nitrile rubber modified phenolic resin 17-23 weight part; Molybdenumdisulphide 6-13 weight part; Graphite 8-15 weight part.
According to the general design idea of the technical program, the applicant carries out 45 kinds of material prescription tests of 36 classes altogether, through testing repeatedly and checking, determines the component of this friction plate material and the setting range of weight part at last.As for the producer genealogy of law common process of this product, be public, what the contriver adopted is dry method and wet method.Now brief introduction is as follows respectively:
Dry production process: select design by component and weight ratio part scope, determine the concrete numerical value of each composition; Fibrous material carries out pre-treatment; With it with resin, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber powder, molybdenumdisulphide, graphite implanter in stir into compound, standby; Mould is handled preheating, dress mould; Add compound; Precompressed, exhaust, compression moulding, the demoulding, thermal treatment, detection, finished product.
Wet production process: select design by component and weight ratio part scope, determine the concrete numerical value of each composition; Standby after the fibrous material pre-treatment; Resin solubilizing agent dissolving back is in order to impregnation of fibers; Oven dry; To soak in the fiber, molybdenumdisulphide, graphite implanter of resin and stir into compound; Compound is reinjected in the mould, after precompressed, exhaust, compression moulding, the demoulding, thermal treatment, detection, product.
Now relevant production process is done following supplementary notes:
(1) fiber pre-treatment: soak fiber with industrial detergent and remove degreasing, rinsing then, oven dry.If select sepiolite fibre for use, then need high temperature dehydration.
(2) fiber opening: copper (steel) fiber is put into the high speed teaser, after shredding 5-8 minute, add selected other fibers and continue shreddings 10-15 minute, mix, fluffy getting final product.
(3) mix stirring: with homogenizer resin, fiber and various stopping composition are fully stirred, make it to mix.Add the good fiber of shredding during stirring earlier, stir after 3-5 minute, add various stopping composition, continue to stir 10 minutes, add resin then, restir 25-30 minute, this stage will be kept a close eye on the temperature of compound, if temperature surpasses 60 ℃, will open the water cooling plant of stirrer, cross 60 ℃ by force, will open the water cooling plant of stirrer, force the cooling blended stock, be the cashmere shape until the outward appearance of blended stock, various fibers intermesh, and stopping composition, resin distribution evenly get final product.
(4) hot-forming: the blended stock that will mix is inserted in the shaping mould of 160 ℃ ± 5 ℃ of mould temperature, applies the forming pressure of 35-40Mpa, and pressurize 6-8 minute, necessary first exhaust before the pressurize, every exhaust in 1 minute once, exhaust is 6 times altogether, pressurize then.
(5) thermal treatment: the friction plate that suppresses is put into 165 ℃ baking oven, and insulation 10-14 (looking the length of the thickness decision soaking time of friction plate) is cooled to room temperature with baking oven then and gets final product.
As for the design of prescription, the applicant thinks: friction materials is a kind of system with complex construction, generally forms 1. matrix by three parts: nonmetal basal bodies such as various binding agents (as resin etc.) or metallic matrix and various pottery, glass; 2. 3. stopping composition (friction agent, anti-wear agent, lubricant etc.) of filamentary material (as asbestos, steel fiber, inorganic fibre, organic fibre etc.).
Body material of the present invention is selected resol for use.Resol is that a kind of resistance toheat, mechanical property and processing characteristics are good, with low cost, broad-spectrum elementary heat thermosetting resin, examine material with resol as rubbing of forming of binding agent and have media such as stable friction factor, wear rate are lower, water-fast, oil resistant, noise is lower and advantage such as certain toughness arranged.In order further to improve the performance of polymer compound friction damping material, the present invention has also selected various modified phenolic resinss for use, as cashew nut oil modified alkyd resin, acrylonitrile butadiene rubber modified resin.The application of various modified phenolic resinss has further improved the over-all properties of material.
Filamentary material plays enhancement in friction materials, make material have certain intensity and toughness, can withstand shocks, shears, stretches, mechanical effect such as bending and can not crack, rupture, collapse physical abuses such as scarce.So select for use filamentary material to satisfy; Enough intensity, toughness, dispersiveness, thermotolerance and have with body material and well to stick performance are preferably arranged, fortifying fibre as friction materials also requires to have good friction and wear behavior: thermolysis, dehydration, phase transformation or the like do not take place, simultaneously and otherwise environment is polluted in operating temperature range.The present invention selects the natural mineral sepiolite fibre for use and does not have the chrysotile asbestos fibre of carcinogenic danger, steel fiber plays the effect of hard support in assorted fibre, copper fiber particularly, its wear resisting property is good, can form transfer film on the mating plate surface, can either improve the tribological property of material, effectively strengthen the intensity and the toughness of friction materials again.
Stopping composition has the effect that improves the Material Physics mechanical property, regulates frictional behaviour (frictional coefficient, wear rate etc.) and reduce cost in friction materials.General friction materials is usually selected bortz powder, lapis amiridis, iron powder, copper powder, SiO for use for the physical and mechanical properties and the frictional coefficient that improve material
2, SiC or the like.But the frictional coefficient of making friction materials with these stopping composition does not meet the service requirements of lorry wedge frictionshock absorber all than higher.The present invention selects molybdenumdisulphide for use, solid lubricants such as graphite, and it not only can improve the physical mechanism performance of composite friction material, and makes frictional coefficient can meet the service requirements of lorry wedge frictionshock absorber.
The railway freight-car of producing according to technique scheme with polymer composite wedge friction plate the key technical indexes is:
Heatproof 〉=200 ℃
Frictional coefficient 0.19～0.31
Ultimate compression strength＞100Mpa
Water-intake rate≤8mg/cm
2
Ball indentation hardness 〉=100N/mm
2
Wear rate＜2 * 10
-8Cm
3/ N.m
The technical program compared with prior art its effect is:
(1) simultaneous test, now take passages relevant testing data as follows:
Abrasion contrast test's data
| Operating mode | Test subject | Measured data | |||
| Shellfish spheroid friction pair | The matrix material friction pair | ||||
| Loaded vehicle 100Km/h | Wearing and tearing weight (g) | 929.4 | 1282.9 | 15.7 | 18.6 |
| Wear volume (mm 3) | 118.4 | 163.4 | 6.1 | 7.2 | |
| Empty wagons 100Km/h | Wearing and tearing weight (g) | 9.5 | 11.7 | 0.5 | 0.4 |
| Wear volume (mm 3) | 1.2 | 1.5 | 0.17 | 0.15 | |
Frictional coefficient simultaneous test data
| Operating mode | Title material | Coefficient relatively rubs | Frictional coefficient | ||||
| Minimum value | Maximum value | Mean value | Minimum value | Maximum value | Mean value | ||
| Loaded vehicle | Polymer composite | 0.2378 | 0.3001 | 0.2724 | 0.1996 | 0.2518 | 0.2286 |
| The shellfish spheroid | 0.2147 | 0.4778 | 0.4688 | 0.1802 | 0.4009 | 0.3934 | |
| Empty wagons | Polymer composite | 0.2679 | 0.3747 | 0.3301 | 0.2248 | 0.3144 | 0.2770 |
| The shellfish spheroid | 0.2207 | 0.5436 | 0.5208 | 0.1852 | 0.4561 | 0.4370 | |
By above simultaneous test data as can be known:
The first, the abrasion contrast test reports proof, and under the situation of heavily loaded 100km/h operation, novel high polymer matrix material wedge abrasion volume is: 6.1 and 7.2, and mean value is 6.65, is 1/21 of shellfish spheroid abrasion volume averaging value.
Second, frictional coefficient the high-peaker test report proof, under the situation of heavily loaded 100km/h operation, the frictional coefficient of polymer composite is 0.1996～0.2518 fluctuation, undulating quantity is 0.0522, the shellfish spheroid fluctuates between 0.1802～0.4009, and undulating quantity is 0.2207, the former not enough latter's 1/4.
The 3rd, under no-load condition, the abrasion volume of polymer composite wedge is 1/8 of a shellfish spheroid.
The 4th, under no-load condition, the frictional coefficient of polymer composite is 0.2248～0.3144 fluctuation, and undulating quantity is 0.0896, and the shellfish spheroid is 0.1852～0.4561 fluctuation, and undulating quantity is 0.2709.Above this product of data declaration can promote the performance of wedge comprehensively.For the China railways Speed Increase of Freight Cars provides a kind of new material and high performance crucial accessory.
(2) actual motion, according to the China railways operation conditions, the applicant is chosen in China Hangzhou to the interval, Urumchi under the support energetically of relevant department, on the commentaries on classics k2 bogie of the row bag fast freight train that moves under the 100km/h state, polymer composite wedge friction plate has been installed and has been carried out the practice test, purpose is to check under identical operating mode, compares wear resistance, the work-ing life of polymer composite wedge friction plate with acicular castiron wedge friction plate.Test is performed such, and selects 4 of instruction carriages for use, dress polymer composite wedge friction plate in two bogies of license number P65 3502519, and two dresses are introduced the acicular castiron wedge of American technology; 3502508 of license number P65 are opposite, a dress acicular castiron wedge, two dress polymer composite wedge friction plates; License number P65 3502488 is dress polymer wedge all; License number P65 3502463 all adorns the acicular castiron wedge, and 4 cars move in same marshalling all the time.The test-results of 110,000 kilometers of strokes and stroke 310,000 km shows: be 5.49 times of acicular castiron friction plate the average friction durability of matrix material friction plate.Vibroshock for the wear-resisting wedge of built-up type that the polymer composite friction plate is housed is observed discovery; It is bright and clean to the surface, surperficial not damaged phenomenon, the polymer composite master friction plate of wedge with whole of body is contacted, in the vibration damping process, fit reliable, wearing and tearing evenly, thereby make that the stable friction factor of friction pair is reliable.Expected service life is all above 1,800,000 kilometers.
The applicant also cooperates with the relevant department, the result who the reliability of the every technical indicator of polymer composite wedge friction plate is carried out testing the testing ground in the speed-raising lorry reliability test that Beijing railway toroid carries out shows, the K4 bogie of polymer composite wedge friction plate is housed, spacious, canopy, flat, jars of four kinds vehicles can both keep good dynamic performance under the condition of the speed of 120km/h and heavy duty.And K2, the K6 bogie test lorry of polymer composite wedge friction plate are not installed, because the frictional coefficient of its friction damping device friction pair is excessive, cause the vehicle vertical acceleration to exceed standard.Toroid speed-raising lorry reliability test proves, the polymer composite wedge friction plate that the present invention developed is to keep vehicle to have one of key component of good dynamic performance for a long time under the condition of the speed of 120km/h and heavy duty.
Above-mentioned evidence polymer composite wedge friction plate is suitable for using in the railway freight-car vibroshock of high-speed cruising, and reaches and give fixed design objective.
(3) economic benefit
This product is by testing and installing and using, proved the requirement that to satisfy China railways wagon heavy duty high-speed cruising preferably, at present, railway transport of passengers speed has been mentioned 160Km/h, and shipping speed the highest also only be 80Km/h, after using this product, shipping speed can be brought up to 120Km/h, and the reduction coefficient of passenger-cargo velocity ratio will be reduced to by present 1: 3.7 1: 2.Mean that just china railway can start 25 pairs of goods trains every day at least, by existing railway standard, 50 of every row marshallings, each loads 50 tpds operation 300Km, and directly freight rate is by 0.05 yuan of calculating for kilometer per ton, and then 1 year china railway can increase more than 600,000,000 yuan of revenue from transportation, and the economic benefit that drives social other industries such as carrying, storage increases, it will be the development of railway freight cause, brings into play bigger effect, and its economic results in society are conspicuous; Simultaneously, this product can make maintenance cycle bring up to 8 years, and 500,000 service wagon accessories of China railways use now just needed maintenance and inspection to change in per about 2 years, each servicing materials expense is not less than 608 yuan, convert by this, use this product after the annual direct material expense of saving of railway freight-car be at least more than 100,000,000 yuan.
Embodiment
Mode one: press chrysotile asbestos fibre 44 weight parts; Steel fiber 2 weight parts; Resol 17 weight parts; Molybdenumdisulphide 12 weight parts; Graphite 12 weight parts are prepared.
This prescription is used dry production, and component and technology are simple, because every excellent performance of chrysotile asbestos fibre itself has extraordinary bonding force with base material resol simultaneously, so product performance are good, again owing to having adopted chrysotile, so there is not carcinogenic danger.
Mode two: press sepiolite fibre 40 weight parts; Copper fiber 6 weight parts; Cashew nut oil modified alkyd resin 19 weight parts; Molybdenumdisulphide 10 weight parts; Graphite 15 weight parts are prepared.
This prescription dry production has asbestos under the situation of carcinogenesis ubiquity misgivings present people, replaces asbestos with sepiolite fibre, is more feasible scheme.(up-to-date result of study proves: chrysotile does not have carcinogenesis, have only the keratite cotton that carcinogenesis is just arranged) because the over-all properties of sepiolite fibre is not so good as asbestos, so in component, selected for use modified resin to increase the toughness of material, adding copper fiber has improved the mechanical property of material again, its cost is a little more than the former, and mechanical property and tribological property are basic identical.
Mode three: press pre-oxidized fibers 38 weight parts; Copper fiber 3 weight parts; Nitrile rubber modified phenolic resin 21 weight parts; Molybdenumdisulphide 7 weight parts; Graphite 14 weight parts are prepared.
Use wet production, owing to selected nitrile rubber modified phenolic resin for use, the thermotolerance and the toughness of product have been improved, and the over-all properties of pre-oxidized fibers is very excellent, adopted wet processing again, so mechanical performance of products also is better than the product that dry process is produced, but the cost of this assembly side is higher than preceding two kinds.It is applicable to that radiating condition is bad, and the vibroshock that specific pressure is big is as changeing the K3 bogie.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of railway freight-car polymer composite wedge friction plate is characterized in that constituting by following component and weight ratio part scope:
Chrysotile asbestos fibre or sepiolite fibre or pre-oxidized fibers 35-45 weight part
Copper fiber or steel fiber 1-8 weight part
Resol or cashew nut oil modified alkyd resin
Or nitrile rubber modified phenolic resin 17-23 weight part
Molybdenumdisulphide 6-13 weight part
Graphite 8-15 weight part.
2, the described a kind of polymer composite of claim 1 is used to make the friction plate of railway goods train bogie frictionshock absorber.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410060915 CN1284826C (en) | 2004-09-28 | 2004-09-28 | Polymer composite material slant wedge friction board for railroad cargo vehicle |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410060915 CN1284826C (en) | 2004-09-28 | 2004-09-28 | Polymer composite material slant wedge friction board for railroad cargo vehicle |
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| CN1284826C true CN1284826C (en) | 2006-11-15 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101885863A (en) * | 2010-07-06 | 2010-11-17 | 南京信息工程大学 | Rubber, sepiolite, ferric oxide, cobalt oxide and barium oxide composite material and preparation method thereof |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104210506A (en) * | 2014-08-01 | 2014-12-17 | 河北辛集腾跃实业有限公司 | Polymer composite tapered wedge main friction plate and production method thereof |
| CN106566188A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-04-19 | 无锡市永兴金属软管有限公司 | Flame-retardant diesel engine accessory material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106674629A (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-05-17 | 安徽德耐孚汽车减震科技技术有限公司 | High-strength and abrasion-resistant rubber plug and preparation technology thereof |
| CN108916276A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2018-11-30 | 北京天仁道和新材料有限公司 | A kind of friction material, the brake pad being made from it and the method for manufacturing the brake lining |
-
2004
- 2004-09-28 CN CN 200410060915 patent/CN1284826C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101885863A (en) * | 2010-07-06 | 2010-11-17 | 南京信息工程大学 | Rubber, sepiolite, ferric oxide, cobalt oxide and barium oxide composite material and preparation method thereof |
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