CN1282776C - Ultra-fine denier polyurethane filament - Google Patents
Ultra-fine denier polyurethane filament Download PDFInfo
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- CN1282776C CN1282776C CN 200510023909 CN200510023909A CN1282776C CN 1282776 C CN1282776 C CN 1282776C CN 200510023909 CN200510023909 CN 200510023909 CN 200510023909 A CN200510023909 A CN 200510023909A CN 1282776 C CN1282776 C CN 1282776C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a superfine denier polyurethane filament and a preparation method. The filament uses low-density polyethylene as sea components, and polyurethane is an island type superfine denier polyurethane filament with island components. The weight ratio of the low-density polyethylene to the polyurethane is 0.4 to 1.5: 1, monofilament finess is 0.08 to 0.3 tax after island separation, and the filament fiber density of a finished product is 150 to 200 tax. Fiber breakage strength is 1.9 to 2.1 CN/tax, and elongation at break is 100 to 150%. A finished product is prepared in a mode that the superfine denier polyurethane filament is cooled, applied with oil and wound into a cylinder by a wire guiding disk and is stretched backwards through twin-screw island type composite spinning. Spinning speed is high, porous spinning can be executed, and the present invention is suitable for industrialized production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of chemical fibre, specifically make a kind of ultra-fine denier polyurethane bicomponent filament yarn and preparation method thereof.
Background technology:
Islands-in-sea bicomponent fibre is a new technology of making superfine fibre, it by the fusion respectively of twin-screw composite spinning machine, enters the fabric of island-in-sea type spinning pack by two kinds of polymer, and sea and the two kinds of melts in island pass through runner separately, converge in the spinneret orifice porch, in the lump extrusion molding.In the long filament of island, every fiber contains many islands fento, and after this long filament was made woven fabric or knitted fabric, with the sea component dissolving, the island component just became superfine fibre, forms the base material of fabric.Produce with the island method wash, microfilament such as brocade early has production, but to the twentieth century later stage, because water-soluble polyester is synthetic, makes the dissolving of sea component more convenient, so flourish situation appears in islands-in-sea type fibre.This chemical fibre new product, fiber is very thin, and the island is separated its filament number of back and can be reached below the 0.1dtex, and gained fabric particularly soft is imitative chamois leather, peach face, the important source material of high-grade textiless such as the close fabric of superelevation.But this class islands-in-sea type fibre lacks high elasticity, in the Application Areas of elastic fabric certain limitation is arranged.
Spandex has superior elasticity, is widely used in fields such as knitted underwear, pantyhose, elasticity silk stocking, sweat shirt, Lingerie, stocking blank.It is that polyurethane is made elastomer by spin processes such as dry method, wet methods.Spin the technology of having released molten spinning manufacturing spandex the day of Japan in 1967 clearly.In recent years, this technology reaches its maturity, and its advantage is that equipment is simple, small investment, and instant effect does not use solvent, and non-environmental-pollution is promising spining technology.Spandex is the (synthetic fiber industry: 22 (2), 17～19,1999 of the best elastomer of present various combination property; 22 (3), 38～40,1999; 23 (1), 37～40,2000; 23 (4), 50～52,2000; 23 (6), 22～25,2000; Synthetic fiber, 28 (5), 25～28,2000).Yet, because polyurethane melt viscoplasticity is bigger, attempt to attenuate certain difficulty is arranged by spinning on the journey high-speed stretch, if will improve melt temperature reduces viscoplasticity, be subjected to the restriction of heat endurance again, so polyurethane is made superfine denier fiber certain technical difficulty is arranged.On the other hand, polyurethane easily produces bonding, doubling in becoming fine process, so few hole silk of the most spinning of spandex or single hole silk, and filament number is bigger.Usually polyurethane fiber thin denier silk such as the 40dtex that says is meant the multifilament fiber number, and its filament number also has 5～6dtex.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of ultra-fine denier polyurethane bicomponent filament yarn.
Purpose of the present invention also provides a kind of manufacture method of above-mentioned ultra-fine denier polyurethane bicomponent filament yarn.
Because polyurethane melt viscoplasticity height, journey high speed slenderizing is spun in influence; Frictional force is bigger between the fiber, easily produces problems such as adhesion, doubling, also causes the difficulty of making superfine Denier fibre; Because polyurethane is soft section and hard section block copolymer that replaces, its mechanical property is easy elongation, easily rebound again, so undrawn yarn enforcement after-drawing, warp tension ratio is bigger, easily fracture of wire.Only doing slightly on the journey stretches just is finished product spinning so spandex is general, and this also makes the spandex filament number bigger, and intensity is lower.
Island composite spinning in the past can obtain superfine fibre, but existing product all is brocade, islands-in-sea type fibre such as washs that polymer itself lacks flexibility, and therefore is not suitable as the raw material of highly elastic fiber.
Ultra-fine denier polyurethane bicomponent filament yarn of the present invention is the fabric of island-in-sea type bicomponent filament yarn by low density polyethylene (LDPE) parcel polyurethane, low density polyethylene (LDPE) and weight polyurethane ratio are 0.4～1.5: 1, its fine density is 150～200dtex, fibrous fracture intensity 1.9～2.1CN/dtex, elongation at break 100～150%, sea component dissolving back filament number is 0.08～0.3dtex.
The present invention adopts elasticity big aspect the selection of raw material, and the PAUR of good thermal stability is as the component on islands-in-sea type fibre island.With the solubility low density polyethylene (LDPE) is the component in sea, and this polymer and polyurethane can not react, when sea component is dissolved, to not influence of polyurethane, to guarantee the generation of island fento.This poly spinning temperature can mate with polyurethane simultaneously.
Process technology of the present invention, be to adopt the twin-screw composite spinning technology, with polyurethane and low density polyethylene (LDPE) fusion respectively, in the fabric of island-in-sea type spinning pack, two kinds of melts flow respectively, converge in the spinneret orifice porch, and this moment, flexible polyurethane melt was surrounded by stiff polyethylene melt, the viscoplasticity of compounding flux reduces relatively, helps the raising of spinning speed and spins the slenderizing of tow in the journey.The second, in each root composite fibre, the polyurethane melt is split into ten multiplies to tens of strands of threads, and per share thread has been created condition because the parcel of polyethylene melt has stoped the merging and the adhesion of polyurethane melt thread for making the super fine denier spandex.The 3rd, because the mixing of stiff polyethylene composition, the high-tension that the high resilience of polyurethane fiber is produced in drawing process is alleviated, and makes the after-drawing process that the possibility of implementing arranged, and helps tensile fiber and attenuates.The after-drawing of fiber has also improved the intensity of fiber, and the fracture strength of general spandex is 0.8～1.3CN/dtex, and super fine denier of the present invention island polyurethane filament fracture strength is 1.9～2.1CN/dtex, and back processing also provides better mechanical strength to weaving.
(1) technology:
Preparation technology of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1.
(2) raw material:
Adopt PAUR (TPU) elastomer of good thermal stability as the island component among the preparation method of the present invention.Its section hardness 77 Shao A, density 1.13g/cm
3, 160 ℃ of fusing points, 250 ℃ of beginnings of heat decomposition temperature.
The alternative condition of sea component is 1. easily to be dissolved in certain solvent, but this solvent dissolve polyurethane not; 2. do not react with polyurethane; 3. spinning temperature and polyurethane are approaching.Selecting low density polyethylene (LDPE) according to above requirement is the sea component raw material.According to test situation, the low density polyethylene (LDPE) melt index of employing is 26～50.108 ℃ of fusing points, 80 ℃ of softening points, density 0.92g/cm
3
(3) spinning equipment:
The spinning equipment that the present invention uses is the twin-screw composite spinning machine, and island spinning plate specification can be adjusted as required, picks up the island assembly of island number as 16～37 numbers such as grade, and present embodiment adopts the specification of existing spinnerets: aperture * hole count * island number is 0.3mm * 16 * 16.Each district of screw rod and spinning body temperature are controlled automatically.Screw rod and measuring pump are by variable frequency regulating speed control.
(4) technological parameter: preparation technology parameter of the present invention is as follows:
1. chip drying
Polyurethane section: use vacuum drying chamber, 90～95 ℃ of baking temperatures.
Vacuum 6 * 10
-2Pa, 48 hours time.The section moisture content is controlled at below 0.01%.
Low density polyethylene (LDPE) section: because polyethylene itself is not moisture, carry out smoothly, with 70 ℃ of heated-air drying a few hours, with the moisture content removal of slice surface absorption in order to ensure spinning.
2. spinning technology parameter
Proportioning raw materials: polyurethane/polyethylene weight ratio is 1: 0.4～1.5;
Measuring pump specification: 0.6ml/rep;
The measuring pump rotating speed: calculate according to finished product fiber number, proportioning raw materials, spinning speed, stretching ratio, the polyurethane fusant density is with 1.0g/cm
3, polyethylene melt density is with 0.85g/cm
3Calculate.
Screw speed: according to the melt viscosity situation, the TPU screw pressure is higher, is adjusted to 60～100kg/cm
2, screw speed 10～20rep/min.The LDPE screw pressure is lower, is adjusted to 40～60kg/cm
2, screw speed is 20～30rep/min;
Spinning speed: 300～800m/min;
Spinning temperature: TPU is 180～245 ℃;
LDPE is 170～270 ℃;
Chilling temperature: 10～20 ℃.
3. winding process parameter
Draw-off godet speed: 300～800m/min;
Upper oil-pan rotating speed: 18～20rep/min;
Oil concentration: the aqueous solution of the spandex oil agent of 12～15% weight;
Winding speed: 300～800m/min.
4. drawing parameter
Last oil concentration: the aqueous solution of the spandex oil agent of 8～10% weight;
Draft speed: 60～90m/min;
Drawing-off medium: air;
Drawing temperature: room temperature;
Drafting multiple: 3～4 times.
(5) fibrous finished product performance
1. fine density (dtex) 150～200, after the sea component dissolving, filament number is 0.08～0.3dtex;
2. fracture strength (CN/dtex) 1.9～2.1;
3. elongation at break (%) 126.6;
4. 100% elastic recovery rate (%) 99;
5. 100% elastic recovery rate (%) 90 behind the relaxation heat setting;
6. moisture content (%) 1.51;
7. oil content (%) 3.8.
Advantage of the present invention:
1.. the present invention adopts molten spinning to produce the ultra-fine denier polyurethane bicomponent filament yarn, spinning speed is higher, according to the product specification requirement, spins speed and can be controlled in 300～800m/min, it is high slightly to spin speed 200～600m/min than dry spinning spandex, spins speed 50～150m/min than wet method spandex and improves 5～6 times.
2.. the present invention adopts sea-island-type composite spun to produce the ultra-fine denier polyurethane bicomponent filament yarn, can increase the hole count of spinnerets.Spin few hole silk of spandex with dry method and compare, output will improve 3～5 times.
3.. the prepared ultra-fine denier polyurethane bicomponent filament yarn of the present invention, island separate back filament number 0.08～0.3dtex, than surplus the conventional fine denier spandex filament number little 10 times.
4.. the performance of the ultra-fine denier polyurethane bicomponent filament yarn of gained of the present invention, can satisfy the needs that the weaving back processes.The senior textiless such as stretch woven fabrics, knitwear, imitative chamois leather, Lingerie, sportswear of high elasticity, soft type have been developed.
5. the inventive method is easy, is fit to suitability for industrialized production.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of ultra-fine denier polyurethane bicomponent filament yarn technology of the present invention.
The specific embodiment:
The present invention will be helped understanding by following embodiment, but content of the present invention can not be limited.
Institute's adopting process such as Fig. 1 in the foregoing description, technological parameter are ditto described except that embodiment describes.
Embodiment 1
TPU/LDPE (MI=50) spinning technique
The TPU pump is for amount 13.5g/min, 180～245 ℃ of spinning temperatures, screw speed 12rep/min, screw pressure 70kg/cm
3
The LDPE pump is for amount 9.6g/min, 150～245 ℃ of spinning temperatures, screw speed 21～22rep/min, screw pressure 52～62kg/cm
2
Spinning speed 300m/min after spinning is normal, continues to improve spinning speed and can both reel smoothly to 800m/min.Bring up to 900m/min when spinning speed, lousiness occurs, so spinning speed should be controlled at below the 800m/min.
Above-mentioned 300m/min spins the undrawn yarn of speed, stretches 3 times, and fibrous fracture intensity is 1.75CN/dtex, and elongation at break is 115.3%, stretches 5 times, and fibrous fracture intensity is 1.94CN/dtex, and elongation at break is 88.5%.
Embodiment 2
TPU/LDPE (MI=50) spinning technique
The TPU pump is for amount 13.5g/min, 180～235 ℃ of spinning temperatures, screw speed 12rep/min, screw pressure 97kg/cm
3
The LDPE pump is for amount 11.5g/min, 160～235 ℃ of spinning temperatures, screw speed 29rep/min, screw pressure 60kg/cm
2
Above technology stretches 3.7 times, and fibrous fracture intensity is 1.2CN/dtex, and elongation at break is 134.8%.
Embodiment 3
TPU/LDPE (MI=38) spinning technique
The TPU pump is for amount 13g/min, 190～245 ℃ of spinning temperatures, screw speed 12～13rep/min, screw pressure 67kg/cm
3
The LDPE pump is for amount 8.5g/min, 190～275 ℃ of spinning temperatures, screw speed 29rep/min, 3.3 times of gained tensile fibers, the fine density of this long filament is 154dtex, fibrous fracture intensity is 2.09CN/dtex, elongation at break is 126.6%, this fiber TPU content is 60%, and fibrous fracture intensity is higher, and elongation at break is bigger.After the toluene extraction, filament number is 0.3dtex with this long filament.
Embodiment 4
TPU/LDPE (MI=38) spinning technique
The TPU pump is for amount 9.5g/min, 190～245 ℃ of spinning temperatures, screw speed 12rep/min, screw pressure 58kg/cm
3
The LDPE pump is for amount 11.9g/min, 190～275 ℃ of spinning temperatures, screw speed 28rep/min, screw pressure 46kg/cm
2Above-mentioned undrawn yarn stretches 2.74 times, and fibrous fracture intensity is 0.67CN/dtex, and elongation at break is 143%, and this fiber TPU content is 45%, can spinning, but the finished silk fracture strength is on the low side.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of ultra-fine denier polyurethane filament is that the weight ratio of low density polyethylene (LDPE) and polyurethane is 0.4～1.5: 1 by the fabric of island-in-sea type long filament of low density polyethylene (LDPE) parcel polyurethane, and it is 0.08～0.3dtex that island, back fento fiber number is separated on its island.
2, ultra-fine denier polyurethane filament as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the fine density of this fabric of island-in-sea type long filament is 150～200dtex, and fracture strength is 1.9～2.1CN/dtex, and elongation at break is 100～150%.
3, the preparation method of ultra-fine denier polyurethane filament as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that adopting twin-screw sea-island-type composite spun method, with the component of polyurethane as the island, low density polyethylene (LDPE) is as the component in sea, carry out spinning, cool off, oil, be wound into tube, make finished product through after-drawing again through draw-off godet by twin-screw and fabric of island-in-sea type spinning plate thereof, wherein low density polyethylene (LDPE) and weight polyurethane ratio is 0.4～1.5: 1.
4, preparation method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that in the described spinning that spinning speed is 300～800m/min, and spinning temperature is 180～245 ℃ of polyurethane, 170～270 ℃ of low density polyethylene (LDPE)s, and spinning speed is 300～800m/min.
5, preparation method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that described oiling is the aqueous solution by the spandex oil agent that contains 8～15% weight, and rotating speed is that the upper oil-pan of 18～20rep/min carries out spin finishing.
6, preparation method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that described draw-off godet speed is 300～800m/min.
7, preparation method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that described winding speed is 300～800m/min.
8, preparation method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that described being stretching in the air carry out, and draft speed is 60～90m/min, and drafting multiple 3～4, drawing temperature are room temperature.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510023909 CN1282776C (en) | 2005-02-07 | 2005-02-07 | Ultra-fine denier polyurethane filament |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510023909 CN1282776C (en) | 2005-02-07 | 2005-02-07 | Ultra-fine denier polyurethane filament |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1667167A CN1667167A (en) | 2005-09-14 |
| CN1282776C true CN1282776C (en) | 2006-11-01 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510023909 Expired - Fee Related CN1282776C (en) | 2005-02-07 | 2005-02-07 | Ultra-fine denier polyurethane filament |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100350090C (en) * | 2005-10-14 | 2007-11-21 | 无锡双象超纤材料股份有限公司 | Raising method for elastic non-woven base fabric |
| CN102080277B (en) * | 2010-12-09 | 2013-09-04 | 武汉纺织大学 | Compound elastic fiber and preparation method thereof |
| CN102051705B (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2012-05-30 | 太仓市金祥氨纶纤维有限公司 | Method for producing direct melt filtration fused direct spun ultrafine denier polyurethane fibers |
| CN104651974B (en) * | 2015-03-13 | 2017-01-04 | 浙江华峰氨纶股份有限公司 | A kind of super fine denier spandex fibre and preparation method thereof |
| CN114574997A (en) * | 2022-02-08 | 2022-06-03 | 南通华盛高聚物科技股份有限公司 | Sea-island composite monofilament made of TPU functional composite fiber |
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2005
- 2005-02-07 CN CN 200510023909 patent/CN1282776C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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