CN1280535C - Orifice structure of internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Orifice structure of internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1280535C CN1280535C CNB011412186A CN01141218A CN1280535C CN 1280535 C CN1280535 C CN 1280535C CN B011412186 A CNB011412186 A CN B011412186A CN 01141218 A CN01141218 A CN 01141218A CN 1280535 C CN1280535 C CN 1280535C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- cylinder head
- combustion engine
- internal
- cylinder
- cast
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001247986 Calotropis procera Species 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003434 inspiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
- F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
- F02M69/04—Injectors peculiar thereto
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
Provided is a port structure for internal combustion engines which can easily be connected to an intake/exhaust system without a step, is made up of a small number of parts, and can be assembled with ease. A port liner 20 has an end cast in a cylinder head 5 or a cylinder block and another end projecting from the cylinder head 5 or the cylinder block and connected to an intake system or an exhaust system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates on the air-breathing or relief opening of internal-combustion engine, adopt the orifice structure of interlayer hole pipe.
Background technique
In Japanese kokai publication sho 52-81411 communique, put down in writing the example that the relief opening sleeve pipe is cast into integratedly engine body.
The relief opening casing bit of this communique record when the casting of engine body, is cast into its inner desired area with the orifice sleeve body, is cast in this to the two end part of this orifice sleeve body of major general.
Promptly comprise two end part interior, interlayer hole pipe integral body is cast in the engine body.
Therefore, the engaged at end that is cast into the orifice sleeve in engine body outlet pipe, needs to engage the parts of usefulness, and assembling performance is bad, produces to engage stepped part.
Summary of the invention
The present invention makes in view of the above problems, and its purpose is to provide a kind of and suction and discharge system to be connected and not produce the orifice structure of internal-combustion engine step, that component number is few, assembling performance is good easily.
To achieve these goals, the cylinder head structure of internal-combustion engine of the present invention, described internal-combustion engine, one end of its orifice sleeve and cylinder head cast formation integratedly, outstanding and be connected from cylinder head with suction system, in the suction port outlet structure of this internal-combustion engine, it is characterized in that the assembly department and the said cylinder lid that are installed in the sparger on the above-mentioned air-breathing aperture are cast as one.
One end is cast into the orifice sleeve of cylinder head or cylinder block, from cylinder head or cylinder block, stretches out, so, be connected with suction system or vent systems easily, reduce component number, assembling performance is good.And do not produce the connection stepped part.
In addition, the said cylinder lid jetburner that is formed with sparger runs through the assembly department of above-mentioned sparger and the hole of orifice sleeve portion.
End in above-mentioned orifice sleeve forms the flange that is connected usefulness with intake system part.Like this, improve orifice sleeve, with the sealing and the anticreep of the joint of intake system part or exhaust system component.
In addition, be installed in the assembly department of the sparger on the above-mentioned orifice sleeve, be cast as one with above-mentioned cylinder head.Like this, can reduce component number, improve producibility.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the front view that is applicable to water-cooled internal-combustion engine.
Fig. 2 is the rear view of above-mentioned internal-combustion engine.
Fig. 3 is the section that dissects with the plane that comprises crankshaft and the sectional view of other parts.
The above-mentioned enlarged view of wanting portion of Fig. 4.
Fig. 5 is the side view of cylinder head.
Fig. 6 is the top figure that represents with moving valve system with cylinder head.
Fig. 7 is the plan view of another embodiment's cylinder head.
Fig. 8 is the sectional view that dissects along VIII-VIII line among Fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is the plan view of cylinder block of another embodiment's side valve formula internal-combustion engine.
Embodiment
Below, referring to figs. 1 through Fig. 6, one embodiment of the invention are described.
The internal-combustion engine 1 of present embodiment is water cooling type single cylinder 4 stroke IC engines, is applicable to motor bike, is the longitudinal that crankshaft 2 points to the vehicle body fore-and-aft direction.
Fig. 1 is the front view of this internal-combustion engine 1.Fig. 2 is the rear view of above-mentioned internal-combustion engine.Fig. 3 is the figure of the local section of the section of that expression is dissectd with the plane that comprises crankshaft, internal-combustion engine and variable-speed motor etc. and other parts.
Internal-combustion engine 1 is by the lower crank case 3 of holding crankshaft 2 under the arm, constitute with last crank box 4 all-in-one-piece cylinder block 4, the cylinder head 5, the valve mechanism cover 6 that overlap on the cylinder block 4 successively.
The cylinder of cylinder block 4, have towards right make progress some outstanding, perpendicular to each abutted surface central axis of air cylinder, lower crank case 3, cylinder block 4, cylinder head 5.
As shown in Figure 1, setting the radiator 7 of rectangle on the front of internal-combustion engine 1, this radiator 7 covers the central part of lower crank case 3, cylinder block 4.The sidewall of the upside in Fig. 1 of cylinder block 4 is installed with supercharging device 8, and the cooling flowing path that the 1st cap assembly 9, the 1 cap assemblies 9 occlusion gas cylinder caps 5 are installed on the upside side of cylinder head 5 is a water jacket 80.
As shown in Figure 1, the open-ended flange 13a of relief opening sleeve pipe 13 exposes from the sidewall of cylinder head 5 front sides.
Breathing pipe 14 stretches out near the valve mechanism cover 6 of cylinder head 5 upside sidewalls upward.
As shown in Figure 2,, on the abutted surface of lower crank case 3 and cylinder block 4, offering circular hole 15, be connected with crankshaft 2 and oil pump 24 (see figure 3)s that drive are entrenched in this circular hole 15 in the back of internal-combustion engine 1.Offering circular hole 16 on lower crank case 3, prop up in this circular hole 16 by bearing shaft the rear end of clutch shaft 25.
Supercharging suction pipe 17 stretches out towards the rear of cylinder head 5 from the upper right quarter of supercharging device 8.
Oil is installed on the back of supercharging device 8 supplies with the o 19 of usefulness, intakeport sleeve pipe 20 stretches out from the rear side sidewall of cylinder head 5.
As shown in Figure 3, chimeric piston 31 sliding back and forth in the cylinder sleeve 30 of the cylinder portion of cylinder block 4, connecting rod 32 connects the crank pin of these pistons 31 and crankshaft 2.
As shown in Figure 3, crankshaft 2 props up on pair of bearing 33,34 by main bearing 35, the 36 rotatable earth's axis, the front portion of the crankshaft 2 that stretches out at the front side sidewall that connects lower crank case 3 and cylinder block 4, be provided with alternator 37, be fixed on the front end of crankshaft 2 around the external rotor 37b of inner stator 37a rotation, cooling fan 38 is installed on the front of external rotor 37b.
Disposing radiator 7 in the place ahead of cooling fan 38.
An actuation gear 57 is located at the periphery of the 2nd crankweb 2b of crankshaft 2, this actuation gear 57 and a driven gear that starts clutch 59 58 engagements that are rotatably installed on the clutch shaft 25.The power of clutch shaft 2 passes to clutch shaft 25 by starting clutch 59.
As shown in Figure 3, on the back of lower crank case 3 in conjunction with gearbox 61, pass box 71 is connected on the gearbox 61, variable-speed motor 60 and power transfering part 70 rearward extend from internal-combustion engine 1, rear portion at power transfering part 70, rear axle shaft 76 stretches out to right, is provided with rear wheel 77 integratedly on this rear axle shaft 76.
In gearbox 61, speed change arbor 62 splines are entrenched in the rearward end of clutch shaft 25, and rearward stretch out, and constitute stepless speed changer 60 on this speed change arbor 62.
Stepless speed changer 60 has taper and keeps seat 64, drive surface 62a, driven surface 66 and electric motor 67 (see figure 2)s.Taper keeps seat 64 to keep being provided in speed change arbor 62 some tapers 63 on every side, and can move on the spin axis direction of speed change arbor 62.Drive surface 62a is flange-like and is formed on the speed change arbor 62, and its periphery conical surface and each taper 63 join.Driven surface 66 can be rotated to support on the speed change arbor 62 by rolling bearing 65, and inner circumferential surface and each taper 63 join.Electric motor 67 makes taper keep seat 64 to move towards axle direction.
Driving by electric motor 67, taper keeps seat 64 to make taper 63 when axle direction moves, can change the direction position, footpath of the taper 63 that the periphery conical surface with drive surface 62a joins, the rotation of the drive surface 62a of speed change arbor 62 passes to driven surface 66 after by taper 63 speed changes.
Output gear 68 is combined into one with driven surface 66, be entrenched in the middle input gear 72 and this output gear 68 engagements of jack shaft 73 front portions of power transfering part 70, be entrenched in the bevel gear 75 on the rear axle shaft 76, with output bevel gear 74 engagements in the middle of jack shaft 73 rear ends.
Therefore, passed to jack shaft 73 by the rotation of the driven surface 66 after stepless speed changer 60 speed changes by output gear 68 and the middle engagement of importing gear 72, the rotation of this jack shaft 73 is delivered to rear axle shaft 76 by the engagement of centre output bevel gear 74 and bevel gear 75, makes rear wheel 77 rotations.
In cylinder head 5, the intakeport sleeve pipe 20, boost port sleeve pipe 55, the 13 usefulness die casting of relief opening sleeve pipe that are made of Stainless Steel Tube are cast in the cylinder head 5 of aluminum alloy system integratedly.
Extremely shown in Figure 6 as Fig. 3, cylinder head 5, water jacket 80 is by the part of the part that covers the intakeport sleeve pipe 20 be communicated with the firing chamber 5a of cylinder head 5, relief opening sleeve pipe 13, boost port sleeve pipe 55 (see figure 6)s respectively, covering valve guide bushing 51a, 52a, 53a, the mounting hole 82 that igniter plug is installed is divided into, and be formed on firing chamber 5a around.
Constitute the space of this water jacket 80, in a side of cylinder head 5, as shown in Figure 5, rectangular aperture 81 is arranged, join on the abutted surface 83 of this opening also is installed with the 1st cap assembly 9 watertight, and water jacket 80 is by inaccessible.
The moving valve of separating the partition wall top of water jacket 80 tops is to set moving valve system in the space 84.
A part that is space 84 at moving valve forms ventilation chamber 85, and breathing pipe 14 stretches out from ventilation chamber 85.
For obturation should moving valve be the rectangular aperture in space 84 and be covered with valve mechanism cover 6.
As shown in Figure 6, in cylinder head 5, the coaxial earth's axis is being propped up air-breathing Rocker arm 42 (this air-breathing Rocker arm 42 is used to out valve and drives Aspirating valves 51) and exhaust rocker arm 43 (this exhaust rocker arm 43 is used to out valve and drives outlet valve 53) on pitman arm shaft 41.Axle is propping up supercharging Rocker arm 45 on another pitman arm shaft 44, and this supercharging Rocker arm 45 is used to out valve and drives pressure charging valve 52.
One end of intakeport sleeve pipe 20 is cast into cylinder head 5, and the other end stretches out and rearward extends from cylinder head 5, as shown in Figure 4, is connected with the downstream side opening 92a of the intake guide 92 of the rotary barrel throttle 91 that is built in air-strainer 90.
Like this, the intakeport sleeve pipe 20 that is cast into cylinder head 5 stretches out from cylinder head 5, directly engage with the downstream side opening 92 of the intake guide 92 of rotary barrel throttle 91, so ease of connection does not need other sucking pipe, can reduce component number, and assembling performance.
Because not with being connected of sucking pipe, so, on air suction way, do not connect step, can reduce inhalation resistance, improve machine performance.
In addition, rotary barrel throttle 91 is built in air-strainer 90, as shown in Figure 4, its upstream open is towards the clean side inner opening of air-strainer 91, do not need the connecting tube that engages with air-strainer, also do not need sucking pipe, can reduce component number, assembling performance might as well.
As shown in Figure 4, an air-breathing part is from perforate 91a (this perforate 91a is located in the predetermined position of rotary barrel throttle 91) guiding pressurizing duct 93.
The downstream opening 92a of the downstream opening 93a of pressurizing duct 93 and above-mentioned intake guide 92 is formed on abreast with on the one side, and supercharging suction pipe 17 connects by connecting tube 94, and supercharging suction pipe 17 is connected with supercharging device 8.
In addition, be provided with electronic control unit ECU95 along rotary barrel throttle 91.
The rotary barrel throttle 91 that is being connected with the intakeport sleeve pipe 20 that rearward stretches out from cylinder head 5 is built in air-strainer 90, rear in the cylinder head 5 of the some positions up of the right of internal-combustion engine 1, as shown in Figure 3, air-strainer 90 is arranged, and power transfering part 70 at its left between the space in be provided with rear wheel 77.
The assembly department 5b of sparger 96 is installed in part cylinder head 5, that intakeport sleeve pipe 20 stretches out, be cast as one with die casting and cylinder head body, when being installed in sparger 96 on this assembly department 5b, the jetburner of sparger 96 is faced with the hole that is located on the intakeport sleeve pipe 13, after the burning and air-breathing air mixing of jetburner ejection, supply with firing chamber 5a.
The assembly department 5b and the cylinder head of sparger 96 are cast as one, can reduce component number thus, improve producibility.
In addition, intakeport sleeve pipe 20 and relief opening sleeve pipe 13, the end in cylinder head 5, as shown in Figure 4, be connected the opening that this valve seat 98,99 has towards firing chamber 5a respectively with valve seat 98,99.
Like this, by being provided with and orifice sleeve valve seat 98,99 that opened in 20,13 minutes, that wear resistance is good, can do the orifice sleeve parts with material more at a low price.
Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 represent the embodiment of the open end of orifice sleeve as valve seat.
Fig. 7 is the plan view of the cylinder head 100 of present embodiment, and Fig. 8 is the sectional view along VIII-VIII line among Fig. 7.
One end of intakeport sleeve pipe 101 and an end of relief opening sleeve pipe 102 are cast into cylinder head 100 with die casting.
Boost port sleeve pipe 103 integral body are cast into cylinder head 100.
The opening end of intakeport sleeve pipe 101 and relief opening sleeve pipe 102 directly faces firing chamber 100a, constitutes valve seat 101a, 102a.
Because the material good with the wear resistance that constitutes valve seat forms orifice sleeve 101,102, so component number is few, casting can improve producibility easily.
In addition, valve guide bushing 103,104 is welded on respectively on intakeport sleeve pipe 101 and the relief opening sleeve pipe 102, is cast into cylinder head 5 integratedly with orifice sleeve 101,102.Boost port sleeve pipe 103 constitutes (figure does not show) similarly.
Therefore,, do not having under the core rod situation by orifice sleeve and valve guide bushing, available enforcement die-cast method, producibility is good.
Below, with reference to Fig. 9 another embodiment is described.
Present embodiment relates to side valve formula internal-combustion engine, and Aspirating valves and outlet valve are arranged side by side in the cylinder side.
Fig. 9 is from seeing the figure of cylinder block 110 with the abutted surface side of cylinder head.
Be provided with air-breathing valve seat 112 and delivery valve seat 113 in the side of cylinder barrel 111, this air-breathing valve seat 112 and delivery valve seat 113 are towards the cylinder head opening, and the intakeport sleeve pipe 115 that is being connected with air-breathing valve seat 112 is cast into cylinder block 110 integratedly with the relief opening sleeve pipe 116 usefulness die casting that are being connected with delivery valve seat 113.
Intakeport sleeve pipe 115, the one end is cast into cylinder block 110, and its other end stretches out from cylinder block 110, forms the flange 115a that is connected usefulness with inspiratory component at its open end.
Valve (figure do not show), its valve rod moves back and forth abreast with the cylinder summary, make valve head and valve seat 112,113 connect from and open and close.
Because being cast into the intakeport sleeve pipe 115 of cylinder block 110, stretches out at an end from cylinder block 110, so, with the ease of connection of suction system, reducing component number, assembling performance is good.In addition, do not produce the connection stepped part.
End at intakeport sleeve pipe 115 forms the flange 115a that is connected usefulness with intake system part, can improve sealing and anti-avulsion intakeport sleeve pipe 115 and joint intake system part.
Intakeport sleeve pipe 115 and relief opening sleeve pipe 116 are Stainless Steel Tubes, can be cast into cylinder block 110 with die casting without the aperture core rod, and producibility is good.
In addition, the material of the relief opening sleeve pipe of intakeport sleeve pipe is an aluminum pipe, can prevent that the temperature of aperture wall from rising, and improves suction efficiency and output.
Claims (3)
1. the cylinder head structure of an internal-combustion engine, described internal-combustion engine, one end of its orifice sleeve and cylinder head cast formation integratedly, outstanding and be connected from cylinder head with suction system, in the suction port outlet structure of this internal-combustion engine, it is characterized in that the assembly department and the said cylinder lid that are installed in the sparger on the above-mentioned air-breathing aperture are cast as one.
2. the cylinder head structure of internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the jetburner that the said cylinder lid is formed with sparger runs through the assembly department of above-mentioned sparger and the hole of orifice sleeve portion.
3. the cylinder head structure of internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, forms the flange that is connected usefulness with intake system part in the end of above-mentioned orifice sleeve.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000298901A JP4270736B2 (en) | 2000-09-29 | 2000-09-29 | Internal combustion engine port structure |
| JP298901/2000 | 2000-09-29 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1344862A CN1344862A (en) | 2002-04-17 |
| CN1280535C true CN1280535C (en) | 2006-10-18 |
Family
ID=18780789
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB011412186A Expired - Fee Related CN1280535C (en) | 2000-09-29 | 2001-09-28 | Orifice structure of internal combustion engine |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP4270736B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100504616B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1280535C (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2199652A1 (en) |
| IT (1) | ITTO20010912A1 (en) |
| TW (1) | TW495584B (en) |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1075951A (en) * | 1962-10-09 | 1967-07-19 | Jeremy Robert Goddin | Improvements in or relating to fluid-operated or fluid-operating machines of the reciprocatory type |
| JPS56103644U (en) * | 1980-01-08 | 1981-08-13 | ||
| JPS5822465A (en) * | 1981-07-31 | 1983-02-09 | Hitachi Ltd | Magnetic disk device system |
| JPS5822465U (en) * | 1981-08-07 | 1983-02-12 | 株式会社デンソー | Internal combustion engine fuel injection system |
| DE4128544C2 (en) * | 1990-09-06 | 1999-08-12 | Volkswagen Ag | Method of manufacturing a cylinder head with a portliner |
| JP2982682B2 (en) * | 1996-02-29 | 1999-11-29 | 三菱自動車工業株式会社 | Internal combustion engine |
| DE19640123C1 (en) * | 1996-09-28 | 1998-01-08 | Audi Ag | Cylinder head of lifting piston for combustion engine |
-
2000
- 2000-09-29 JP JP2000298901A patent/JP4270736B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-09-25 IT IT2001TO000912A patent/ITTO20010912A1/en unknown
- 2001-09-26 TW TW090123745A patent/TW495584B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-09-27 ES ES200102171A patent/ES2199652A1/en active Pending
- 2001-09-28 CN CNB011412186A patent/CN1280535C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-09-28 KR KR10-2001-0060697A patent/KR100504616B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW495584B (en) | 2002-07-21 |
| ITTO20010912A1 (en) | 2003-03-25 |
| CN1344862A (en) | 2002-04-17 |
| KR100504616B1 (en) | 2005-08-01 |
| KR20020025832A (en) | 2002-04-04 |
| JP4270736B2 (en) | 2009-06-03 |
| ITTO20010912A0 (en) | 2001-09-25 |
| JP2002106415A (en) | 2002-04-10 |
| ES2199652A1 (en) | 2004-02-16 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20061018 Termination date: 20091028 |