CN1276253C - Method for on-site detecting and metering fume discharge total amount and fume concentration on-site detecting and metering instrument - Google Patents
Method for on-site detecting and metering fume discharge total amount and fume concentration on-site detecting and metering instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN1276253C CN1276253C CN 200410056801 CN200410056801A CN1276253C CN 1276253 C CN1276253 C CN 1276253C CN 200410056801 CN200410056801 CN 200410056801 CN 200410056801 A CN200410056801 A CN 200410056801A CN 1276253 C CN1276253 C CN 1276253C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for the on-site detection and the on-site metering of total oil smoke discharge quantity and an on-site detecting and metering instrument of oil smoke concentration. Part of discharged air current is collected so that oil smoke contained in the part of discharged air current can be completely oxidated for generating carbon dioxide and water. The quantitive relationship between the concentration of the oil smoke and the concentration of the carbon dioxide generated in oxidation reaction is previously established; the change of the concentration of the carbon dioxide before and after the reaction is detected and converted into a concentration value of the oil smoke in the discharged air current. Concentration values of the oil smoke in respective time periods are cumulated; according to the sectional area of an air outlet and a flow rate value of the air current, the total oil smoke discharge quantity is calculated. The on-site detecting and metering instrument of the oil smoke concentration is composed of detectors and a data processing controller and comprises main components of a detecting tube, the data processing controller, an automatic control switch, a carbon dioxide detector, a heating element, a temperature detector, an air current flow rate detector and an oil smoke collecting blower. The present invention can carry out the on-site detection and metering of the total oil smoke discharge quantity so that environmental protection departments can charge according to the discharge quantity.
Description
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of on-the-spot method and equipment thereof that detects and measure the oil smoke discharge total amount.
(2) background technology
Human most of activities are carried out indoor.The pollution of indoor environment can cause multiple disease.Oil smoke and pungency gas with foreign flavor that the cooking produces are one of main indoor environmental pollution sources.When cook temperature is higher than 130 ℃, from edible oil and fat, begin to produce oil smoke, can people's the breathing and the circulation system be caused damage.When particularly temperature reaches 230-280 ℃, may produce some carcinogen in the oil smoke.Analyze according to Taiwan Department of Health, the ratio that the Taiwan housewife suffers from lung cancer remains high, and main cause promptly is to be in for a long time in the environment of cooking fume pollution.Nanjing investigation finds, the generation of 51.6% lung squamous cancer and 61% adenocarcinoma of lung is owing to family's fume pollution among the crowd.
As everyone knows, the oil smoke of catering trade discharging and objectionable impurities can cause more serious environmental pollution.Oil smoke mistiness degree can be up to 25mg/m in the kitchen
3More than.Many countries comprise China, have formulated relevant law to control its discharging.But, on-the-spot detection technique of ripe oil smoke concentration and equipment are not arranged so far as yet.The dining room is generally by the smoke stack emission oil smoke, and the exhaust outlet position is very high, and the sampling of oil smoke itself just is not easy, and the sample of collection also need be delivered to the laboratory and analyze and handle, and generally wants several talentes result that can come out.So the monitoring work difficulty of oil smoke discharge is very big.Can not there be many like this manpowers in relevant environmental administration, and financial resources and time are supervised numerous restaurants, dining room, the oil smoke discharge of hotel and unit.Can only irregularly spot-check minority large-scale hotel or restaurant, be easy to be expected various ways escape monitoring, state's laws are performed practically no function by automatic storekeeper.Therefore develop the on-the-spot detection technique of oil smoke concentration, developing convenient and practical watch-dog has become one of problem of the environmental protection field task of top priority.At present, correlative study work makes little progress.
China has issued a cover tentative standard (GB184832001, on January 1st, 2002 carried out) to the measurement means of catering trade cooking fume.This method is the oil smoke mist to be sampled under defined terms with special Sampling Machine earlier, and the collection head that allows the air communication of oily mist cross the stainless steel cloth filter core is housed is to hold back small oil smoke aerosol particle.The filter core that to collect oil smoke then takes out and is put in the container that fills carbon tetrachloride solvent, under the ultrasound wave effect, allow the oil smoke coagulum dissolve, to be dissolved with the coagulative solvent of oil smoke and move into constant volume in the color comparison tube, at last, measure its oil smoke content with infrared spectrophotometer, the oil smoke concentration that Zai Huan Suan becomes to be surveyed.In addition, because the inertia of the inertia ratio gas molecule of oil smoke aerosol particle is much bigger when air flow stream is crossed filter core, particle will be trapped to filter material surface owing to inertial impaction.This inertial settling effect is relevant with gas velocity.Therefore, be the accuracy that guarantees to measure, this method requires the isokinetic sampling, promptly must be in full accord at ducted flow velocity with oil smoke by the gas velocity of filter core in the Sampling Machine.This makes the structure of Sampling Machine become very complicated, and cost rises, and functional reliability reduces.
Because the difference of culinary art custom is external little to the research interest of edible oil fume purifying and detection technique.Still untappedly go out the on-the-spot equipment that detects oil smoke concentration, be difficult to search out directly related patented technology.United States Patent (USP) (application number 5,849,596) a kind of method of measuring the edible oil oil smoke concentration has been proposed, i.e. heating earlier determines that the edible oil of amount is to uniform temperature, the oil smoke that produces with sulfuric acid absorption again, indicate the oil smoke coagulum concentration of dissolving in the definite acid solution of contrast by the chromatographic concentrations of having formulated again, be converted into the oil smoke mistiness degree of surveying at last.The accuracy of this method can be very not high, can not be used to cook on-the-spot fast detecting.
From countries in the world control pollute through examining, one of the best way is that blowdown enterprise and unit are carried out economic penalties according to blowdown flow rate.The oil smoke blowdown flow rate that like this, how to detect and measure blowdown enterprise and unit is a still unsolved difficult problem.
(3) summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of on-the-spot method and on-the-spot gauge that detects of oil smoke concentration of measuring the oil smoke discharge total amount that detect, solve on-the-spot detection and metering oil smoke discharge total amount so that the technical matters of charge is imposed a fine in environmental protection administrative authority according to blowdown flow rate.
Technical scheme of the present invention:
This on-the-spot method that detects metering oil smoke discharge total amount is characterized in that following steps are arranged:
(1), in the passage of discharging oil smoke, gathers a part of oil smoke;
(2), make the oil smoke of collection carry out pyroreaction, fully be oxidized to carbon dioxide and water;
(3), detect above-mentioned reaction front and back concentration of carbon dioxide, and the difference of gas concentration lwevel is converted into the oil smoke concentration of surveying according to the quantitative relation formula of setting up in advance between the gas concentration lwevel that oil smoke concentration and oxidation reaction generate before and after will reacting, and this quantitative relationship is with the gas concentration lwevel detected value of oil smoke oxidation reaction generation and corresponding the drawing of concentration value with detected this oil smoke of conventional non-at-scene oil smoke concentration detection method;
(4), each of accumulative total oil smoke concentration value of gathering time period, sectional area and air-flow flow speed value according to exhaust outlet calculate the oil smoke discharge total amount.
High-temperature control in the above-mentioned steps (2) is not produce carbon monoxide and other intermediate product in order to make abundant oxidation generation carbon dioxide of oil smoke quilt and water, the control temperature is not less than 150 ℃ and be not higher than 850 ℃ reaction environment temperature, oil-containing flue gas stream has at the pyroreaction environment and is no less than 0.05 second hold-up time, and reaction environment has superfluous oxygen supply.
Use oxide catalyst in the above-mentioned steps (2), reduce reaction and continue to carry out required reaction environment temperature, promote the further decomposition and the oxidation of oil smoke and part intermediate product.
In the above-mentioned steps (1), in the passage of discharging oil smoke, settle metal or nonmetal net, hold back the oil smoke of gathering in the air-flow.
The above-mentioned net of holding back oil smoke is made up of heating wire, directly to heating wire energising, makes to be trapped oil smoke and to be subjected to thermal oxide.
The on-the-spot gauge that detects of this oil smoke concentration, it is characterized in that: it is made up of detecting device and data processing controller, its detecting device is to be equipped with a detector tube with air inlet and exhaust outlet in the enclosure, from air inlet to exhaust outlet order is processing section, cooling section, detection segment, its cooling section is that diameter is by little extremely big toroidal, detector tube is provided with blower fan at the air inlet place, be equipped with heating element and heating element support member at processing section, be equipped with carbon dioxide gas detectors in detection segment, the signal output part of carbon dioxide gas detectors is connected with data processing controller by signal wire, the output terminal of data processing controller connects data transmission circumscription socket, blower fan, heating element all links to each other with automatic control switch with data processing controller.
The heating element of above-mentioned processing section is electrical heating elements, electromagnetism heating element or chemical heat element.
Be equipped with the air-flow velocity detector on the above-mentioned shell, and be connected with data processing controller by signal conductor.
Above-mentioned shell is built-in with Temperature Detector, and the thermocouple probe of Temperature Detector places in the processing section of detector tube, and is connected with data processing controller by signal conductor.
The on-the-spot gauge that detects of above-mentioned oil smoke concentration is by detecting device and data processing controller partial installation, detecting device is installed in the passage of tested discharging oil smoke, data processing controller is installed in environmental protection administrative authority, the corresponding above detecting device of data processing controller.
Beneficial effect: the present invention is a kind of method and small and exquisite instrument of volume that can detect automatically and add up the oil smoke discharge total amount, be placed on the dining room that to discharge oil smoke or throat or other exhaust outlet of unit, the law enforcement for environmental protection personnel regularly carry out pollution charge, overproof imposing a double fine according to the oil smoke discharge amount that instrument shows.As required, also instrumented data can be transferred to automatically by wired or wireless mode on the computing machine of law enforcement for environmental protection department, the law enfrocement official can learn the blowdown situation of units concerned and deals with on the merits of each case in office.
The method that the present invention proposes to detect and measure discharging oil smoke amount in an enterprise or the unit period in office is as follows: a part of exhaust jet stream of gathering enterprise or unit, adopt manually operated chemical reaction method to make abundant oxidation generation carbon dioxide of contained oil smoke quilt and water in this part exhaust jet stream, set up the quantitative relationship between the gas concentration lwevel that oil smoke concentration and oxidation reaction generate in advance, the variation by gas concentration lwevel before and after the detection reaction or the difference of comparison exhaust jet stream and the contained gas concentration lwevel of reacted collection air-flow are converted into the concentration value of oil smoke in the exhaust jet stream.Time period to be detected is divided into the some time segmentation, according to each detected oil smoke concentration of segmentation moment, the exhaust duct sectional area, ducted air-flow velocity and split time length, calculate the oil smoke discharge amount in each segmentation, the discharge capacity of each segmentation of accumulative total obtains the oil smoke discharge total amount in the period to be detected.
So-called edible oil oil smoke is meant the smoke-like material that edible plant or animal fat produce under heating state, mainly exist with aerosol form, also contains a small amount of oil molecule and other intermediate product molecule.
As everyone knows, grease is the common name of higher fatty acid glyceride.For the liquid oil that is called, be the solid-state fat that is called under the room temperature.The composition of different natural edible greases may be inequality, but all be by carbon, and three kinds of elements of hydrogen and oxygen constitute.
Suitable in temperature, under the sufficient condition of air supply, can be generated carbon dioxide and water by abundant oxidation by the particulate in the edible oil oil smoke.Its reaction expression can be written as:
X wherein, Y and Z represent carbon in the oil molecule respectively, the atomicity of hydrogen and oxygen, (O
2+ 3.76N
2) represent the composition of air.If the supply of air is insufficient, then may generate carbon monoxide:
Wherein W represents the molal quantity of carbon monoxide.
In order to make the oil smoke particulate by abundant oxidation and guarantee in processing procedure, to generate carbon dioxide and water and do not produce carbon monoxide, need satisfy following condition.
1. suitable reaction environment temperature
Above-mentioned two reactions all are themopositive reaction, but general oil smoke concentration can be very not high, the heat that reaction produces be not enough to keep reaction continue carry out.Must provide enough external heat energy to guarantee minimum temperature of reaction.To general hydrocarbon, this temperature should not be lower than 500 ℃.For the oxidation of the particulate in the food plant oil smoke, this temperature preferably is not less than 550 °-600 ℃.Use specific catalyst, can suitably reduce this temperature, but also must not be lower than 150 ℃.On the other hand, too high reaction environment temperature also can influence the accuracy of detection.The one, easily make the rapid carbonization of oil smoke form so-called black smoke, can not be detected by the carbon dioxide detector, make testing result on the low side.。Aspect in addition, too high temperature can make a part follow the gas with foreign flavor of oil smoke to decompose or oxidation, generates more carbon dioxide and water, makes testing result higher.。According to experiment, the reaction environment temperature preferably is not higher than 850 ℃.From the angle of energy form, the heat energy of keeping reaction environment high temperature can be from chemical energy, electric energy or electromagnetic energy.
2. the sufficiently long reaction time
Industrial flame combustion stove commonly used is eliminated airborne hydrocarbon gas.General hydrocarbon gas complete oxidation required hold-up time of burning in the flame combustion stove is 0.3-0.5 second.According to experiment, make the abundant oxidation of particulate, the hold-up time of cooking fume in the high-temperature region of specific reaction chamber preferably was not less than 0.3 second.Under the situation that has catalyzer to exist, the hold-up time also must be not less than 0.05 second.
3. abundant oxygen supply
In order to make fully oxidation of oil smoke, do not produce carbon monoxide and other intermediate product, abundant oxygen is arranged in the time of must guaranteeing reaction.The conventional oil smoke method of sampling (promptly in air, directly extracting) with air exhauster when extracting oil smoke subsidiary suction enough oxygen.
4. the enough little and mist of oil form of disperse
Generally speaking, in a single day oil molecule leaves the environment of high heat, and temperature will descend immediately, and very fast formation particulate.Further descend with temperature, these particles can be grown up by mutual annexation.As run into colder solid surface, and as the flabellum of blower fan, will be condensed into fluid, adhere on it.If it is excessive to enter in when reaction oil smoke mist particulate, in the measured response time, only the oil molecule on particle top layer can be oxidized, and remaining molecule can not be oxidized.So the oil smoke mist preferably is the mist attitude of disperse.
5. employing catalyzer
Adopt catalyzer can reduce the required temperature of oil smoke oxidation, improve reaction efficiency, promote the further decomposition and the oxidation of intermediate product.Metal oxide can be high temperature resistant, is not easy poison deactivation under oxidizing atmosphere.Anatase titanium dioxide is one of alternative catalyzer.Generally speaking, the multiple factors such as kind, quality, serviceability temperature, air-flow composition, concentration and flow that depend on catalyzer the serviceable life of catalyzer.
(4) description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the on-the-spot structural representation that detects gauge embodiment of oil smoke concentration of the present invention.
Among the figure: the 1-blower motor, the 2-flabellum, the 3-bracing frame, the 4-tube wall, the 5-processing section, the 6-electrical heating elements, the 7-heating element supports, the 8-cooling section, the 9-detection segment, the 10-exhaust outlet, the 11-carbon dioxide indicator, the 12-data processing controller, the 13-display screen, 14-air-flow velocity detector, the 15-automatic control switch, the 16-external power supply socket, the 17-shell, 18-electric current or signal transmission wire, the air inlet of 19-detector tube, the 20-Temperature Detector, the 21-thermocouple probe, 22-oil-containing flue gas stream, the 23-air draft mouth of pipe, 24-does not contain the air-flow of oil smoke, the 25-circumscription socket.
(5) embodiment
The present invention is on-the-spot detect the method for metering oil smoke discharge total amount auspicious state as follows:
A, the certain negative pressure extracting that utilizes air exhauster to produce are to be measured contains the oil smoke air.
B, usefulness carbon dioxide detector detect the gas concentration lwevel that extracts in the air-flow.
The thermal source that is provided with in c, the specific reaction chamber of unlatching makes reaction chamber keep being not less than 150 ℃ of temperature that are not higher than 850 ℃.
D, the equal negative pressure extracting that utilizes air exhauster to produce are to be measured contains the oil smoke air.
E, allow the air draught that contains oil smoke that extracts enter reaction chamber with the inlet of certain speed by reaction chamber.
F, allow the residence time of air-flow in reaction chamber be not less than 0.05 second, make contained oil smoke by fully oxidation.
G, usefulness carbon dioxide detector detect the gas concentration lwevel from the air-flow that reaction chamber is discharged.
One-to-one relationship between the gas concentration lwevel that h, the oil smoke of setting up oil smoke concentration and this concentration produce after by complete oxidation.
I, according to above-mentioned relation, with detected gas concentration lwevel in the air-flow that passes through reaction chamber that obtains deduct obtain not by detected gas concentration lwevel in the air-flow of reaction chamber, difference is converted into the oil smoke concentration of surveying.
J, the time period that will need to measure the oil smoke discharge amount are divided into plurality of segments, separate constantly at each, detect corresponding oil smoke concentration value by above-mentioned steps, measure each with conventional instrument simultaneously and separate exhaust jet stream flow velocity constantly.
K, get adjacent two and separate the oil smoke concentration value of the mean value of oil smoke concentration value constantly as this time slice.Equally, get adjacent two and separate the exhaust jet stream flow velocity of the mean value of exhaust jet stream flow velocity constantly as this time slice.
L, according to the sectional area of exhaust outlet and the oil smoke concentration and the air-flow flow speed value of each time slice, calculate the oil smoke amount of discharging in each time slice, with the oil smoke amount addition of All Time segmentation discharging, promptly obtain the total amount of discharging oil smoke in this time period.
The relation of setting up between oil smoke concentration and the corresponding gas concentration lwevel has several different methods.One of them is about the relation between the gas concentration lwevel of edible oil oil smoke concentration and correspondence, can be finished in the laboratory by the following step:
1., get first kind of sample oil (as rape oil), break into portions, adopt the firing equipment (purpose is to avoid the interference of the carbon dioxide of fuel combustion generation) of the non-burning type of energy temperature control, select some different heating temperature, respectively each duplicate samples oil is continued to heat from 100 ℃ to 450 ℃ of intervals.
2., gather the oil smoke that produces when each duplicate samples oil continues heating under specified temp with the method for GB18483-2001 regulation.So-called oil smoke is meant the smog that any edible oil and fat produce in the culinary art activity under heated condition.
The oil smoke that produces when 3., measuring the lasting heating of each duplicate samples oil with preceding method is converted into the gas concentration lwevel behind carbon dioxide and the water.
4., each part oil smoke sample of step being gathered in 2. with the method for GB18483-2001 regulation analyzes, and obtains the oil smoke concentration value under the corresponding different heating temperature.
5., with step 3. and the value that draws 4. contrast one by one, can obtain the oil smoke concentration of this kind sample oil and the empirical relationship between the corresponding gas concentration lwevel, can further obtain corresponding experience formula or chart with NUMERICAL MATCH METHOD FOR.
6., by above-mentioned steps to second kind or more sample oil experiment Analysis, obtain corresponding experience formula or chart.
7., based on aforesaid equation (1), estimate the amount of carbon dioxide that produces behind a certain amount of oily complete oxidation theoretically, be converted into the approximation relation between oil smoke concentration and the corresponding gas concentration lwevel again, verify with this whether the previous experiments result reasonable.
Can be by the on-the-spot detection of oil smoke concentration of the present invention gauge with the oil smoke discharge total amount, data such as flow velocity and temperature are transferred to the computing center of environmental administration with wired or wireless mode, so that monitor.
The on-the-spot detection scheme embodiment that detects gauge of oil smoke concentration: at first the program that is set in advance by data processing controller 12 makes automatic control switch 15 close heating element in the predetermined moment and opens air exhauster motor 1 then, produce negative pressure by flabellum 2 rotations, in oil-containing flue gas stream suction detector tube to be measured, air communication is sent to data processing controller 12 after contained gas concentration lwevel value is detected by carbon dioxide indicator 11 in the air-flow and stores after not entering detection segment 9 behind the processing section 5 of heating and the cooling section 8 as yet.Automatic control switch 15 stops to collect oil smoke according to the preset program disable motor then, and allows heating element switch on.Temperature Detector 20 is measured the temperature of processing section 5 by thermocouple probe 21, delivers to data processing controller 12, treat that this temperature rises to certain level after.Make automatic control switch 15 open the air exhauster motor by the program that sets in advance, allow oil-containing flue gas to be measured flow to air inlet 19 into detector tube, wherein contained oil smoke is oxidized to carbon dioxide and water by pyroprocessing section 5 time, air-flow enters detection segment 9 after cooling off through cooling section, wherein contained carbon dioxide is made up of two parts, the one, original contained carbon dioxide in the air, another part then is the carbon dioxide that the oil smoke oxidation reaction generates.These carbon dioxide are detected by carbon dioxide indicator 11, deduct the gas concentration lwevel value (being original contained gas concentration lwevel in the suction air-flow) of former storage after its concentration value data are sent in the data processing controller 12, promptly obtain the gas concentration lwevel value that from the oil smoke oxidation, obtains fully.Data processing controller will be according to the conversion relation of predefined gas concentration lwevel and oil smoke concentration, add the flow velocity that air-flow velocity detector 14 is measured and the preset detection time interval and the air draft mouth of pipe sectional area of input as the case may be, automatically calculate the oil smoke discharge value and store, and be presented on the display screen 13.After oil smoke data processing and storage were finished, automatic control switch 15 was closed heating element and air exhauster motor immediately.Then, by interval detection time of presetting, repeat said process again and begin to detect next time.Detected each time data all will be added up in data processing controller 12, be transferred to the computing center of environmental administration by the wired or wireless mode of circumscription socket 25 usefulness with data such as flow velocity and temperature.
Another kind of detection scheme embodiment: when opening heating element detection oil smoke concentration, detect original gas concentration lwevel in the oil-containing flue gas stream 22, two kinds of detected gas concentration lwevel values are imported data processing controller simultaneously, obtain true oil smoke concentration value after subtracting each other, and be converted into the oil smoke discharge value and store.
Detect the required energy in order to save, when air-flow velocity detector 14 detects in the exhaust duct air-flow velocity and is zero (mean that dining room also do not start working cooking), heating element and air exhauster motor will be in automatic closed condition, it is zero oil smoke discharge value that data processing controller will deposit in automatically, just begins automatic detection when air-flow velocity reaches a certain floor level in pipeline.
In order to simplify control procedure, reduce equipment cost, can adopt following measures:
1, heating element and air exhauster power are fixed, under the temperature-resistant situation of exhaust jet stream, can measure the relation between heat time heating time and the processing section temperature in advance, in its input data processing controller, automatically the air exhauster of opening behind the certain hour to be heated, this moment, the processing section temperature can reach requirement, and needn't adopt Temperature Detector to detect.
If the emission flow of 2 dining rooms or unit is standardized, be per hour 6 as medium scale, 000-7,000 cubic metre, requiring in degree of accuracy is not under the too high situation, can be by average emission flow rate calculation (getting per hour 6,500 cubic metres as medium scale dining room), import in the data processing controller with this, be multiplied by the oil smoke concentration value that calculates and promptly obtain the oil smoke discharge amount.So just needn't adopt the air-flow velocity detector, needn't measure air draft mouth of pipe sectional area in advance and be input in the data processing controller.
For making things convenient for the design of data processing controller, the computing formula of listing the oil smoke discharge value is as follows.
From beginning to detect (being t=0) in the time period of a certain moment (being t=T), the oil smoke total amount of discharging by a certain exhaust duct is:
W＝W
1+W
2+...............W
i-1+W
i+W
i+1............。+W
N (3)
W wherein
iBe that length is t in this time period
iI time slice in the discharging the oil smoke amount.And have:
T＝t
1+t
2+..................。t
i-1+t
i+t
i+1...............。+t
N (4)
As previously mentioned, Wi=0.25 (Y
i+ Y
i-1) (V
i+ V
i-1) St
i(5)
Y wherein
I-1And Y
iBe respectively former and later two detected ducted oil smoke concentrations of moment of separating i time slice.V
I-1And V
iBe respectively to separate air-flow velocity in former and later two pipelines of measuring constantly of i time slice.S is that pipeline section is long-pending.
As previously mentioned, Y
i=f (x
i-x
Io) (6)
X wherein
iBe the detected gas concentration lwevel of the detection segment that is engraved in detector tube back a period of time of separating i time slice, x
IoIt is the original gas concentration lwevel in the detected exhaust duct of synchronization.The conversion relation of function f () expression gas concentration lwevel and oil smoke concentration.
According to said method, can design the practical monitoring system of each oil smoke discharge unit's blowdown situation in a certain zone of monitoring (as a city).With the aforementioned device separated into two parts.Before a part be installed in the scene, be called detecting device, its effect is measure gas concentration lwevel in the reaction front and rear row bleed flow poor, perhaps by relatively exhaust jet stream and the contained gas concentration lwevel of reacted collection air-flow obtain concentration difference.The data that will obtain from constituent parts are transferred on the back a part of equipment that is connected with computing machine of environmental administration by the mode unification of wireless, wired or plug-in card, and it can be described as data processing controller.Its function is by preceding method the gas concentration lwevel difference to be converted to oil smoke concentration, finally obtains the oil smoke discharge amount of pollutant discharging unit in certain period of installation and measuring device.Owing to handle the data that a plurality of detecting devices are sent here with a data processing controller, the cost of whole monitoring system must reduce.After the function of detecting device was simplified, cost also descended, and its price also can make monitored unit accept.
For improving accuracy of detection, said method can make an amendment slightly.The oil smoke that is about to discharging in the certain hour section is accumulated, and just it is oxidized to carbon dioxide and water at last again, detects the variation of gas concentration lwevel, is scaled the oil smoke discharge amount of this section in the time with preceding method.The method of accumulation oil smoke has multiple, and one of the simplest method is to hold back the oil smoke particulate of collecting in the air-flow with wire netting, even oil smoke condenses on the wire netting.Last heating of metal net is to uniform temperature and be incubated certain hour, makes online institute oil smoke exhaustive oxidation.If wire netting is made up of heating wire, then, the oil smoke coagulum that sticks on the silk is heated directly to the heating wire energising, under catalyst action, finally be converted into carbon dioxide and water.
So-called manually operated chemical reaction is meant for oil smoke is generated by abundant oxidation, and the heat energy of keeping temperature of reaction is from chemical energy, electric energy or electromagnetic energy.
Utilize the present invention can set up the practical monitoring system of each oil smoke discharge unit's blowdown situation in a certain zone of monitoring.The on-the-spot gauge that detects of oil smoke concentration is by detecting device and data processing controller partial installation, preceding a part of detecting device is installed in the scene of detection, effect is measure gas concentration lwevel in the reaction front and rear row bleed flow poor, perhaps by relatively exhaust jet stream and the contained gas concentration lwevel of reacted collection air-flow obtain concentration difference.The data that will obtain from constituent parts are transferred on environmental administration and the data processing controller that computing machine is connected by wireless or wired mode unification, its function is that 1 method is converted to oil smoke concentration with the gas concentration lwevel difference on request, finally obtains the oil smoke discharge amount of pollutant discharging unit in certain period of installation and measuring device.Adopt a data processing controller can handle the data that a plurality of detecting devices are sent here.
Carbon dioxide detector 11 in the accompanying drawing: can buy.There are a lot of companies to produce,, adopt dual wavelength NDIR (Non-Dispersive Infrared) probe, precision 3%, resolution 1ppm as the COMPUFLOW8610 type detector of U.S. ALNOR company.
Data processing controller 12: can purchase integrated chip, CLD display and automatic control switch design and assembly also can be bought ready-made product, as the IDP-O type of U.S. NEWPORT company or 202A-E type data processing controller and.
Display screen 13: can buy.There are a lot of companies to produce, as the LCD display of the AND1741MST type of U.S. NEWARK ELECTRONICS company.
Air-flow velocity detector 14: can buy.There are a lot of companies to produce,, can measure flow simultaneously as the DIG1-FLOMODEL BC type numerical value flowmeter of U.S. BLUE-WHITE industrial group, flow velocity and pressure, and can output data.
Automatic control switch 15: can oneself buy element design assembling or directly purchase.Have many companies to produce, as the E42DP55 type multifunctional controller of U.S. NEWARKELECTRONICS company, energy Preset Time and condition are controlled the switch of motor and heating element.
Temperature Detector 20: can buy, the various ways product is arranged.E4524 type temperature controller as U.S. ETN ELECTRICAL company can carry out the detection of temperature, transmission and demonstration.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of on-the-spot method that detects metering oil smoke discharge total amount is characterized in that following steps are arranged:
(1), in the passage of discharging oil smoke, gathers a part of oil smoke;
(2), make the oil smoke of collection carry out pyroreaction, fully be oxidized to carbon dioxide and water;
(3), detect above-mentioned reaction front and back concentration of carbon dioxide, and the difference of gas concentration lwevel is converted into the oil smoke concentration of surveying according to the quantitative relation formula between the gas concentration lwevel of setting up the generation of oil smoke concentration and oxidation reaction in advance before and after will reacting, gas concentration lwevel detected value that this quantitative relationship generates the oil smoke oxidation reaction and corresponding the drawing of concentration value with detected this oil smoke of conventional non-at-scene oil smoke concentration detection method, its step is as follows:
1., get first kind of sample oil, break into portions adopts the firing equipment of non-burning type that can temperature control, selects the some different heating temperature from 100 ℃ to 450 ℃ of intervals, respectively each duplicate samples oil is continued heating;
2., gather the oil smoke that produces when each duplicate samples oil continues heating under specified temp with the method for standard GB 18483-2001 regulation;
The oil smoke that produces when 3., measuring the lasting heating of each duplicate samples oil with preceding method is converted into the gas concentration lwevel behind carbon dioxide and the water;
4., each part oil smoke sample of step being gathered in 2. with the method for standard GB 18483-2001 regulation analyzes, and obtains the oil smoke concentration value under the corresponding different heating temperature;
5., 3. and the value that draws 4. with step---contrast, can obtain the oil smoke concentration of this kind sample oil and the empirical relationship between the corresponding gas concentration lwevel, can further obtain corresponding experience formula or chart with NUMERICAL MATCH METHOD FOR;
(4), each of accumulative total oil smoke concentration value of gathering time period, sectional area and air-flow flow speed value according to exhaust outlet calculate the oil smoke discharge total amount.
2, the on-the-spot method that detects metering oil smoke discharge total amount according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the control temperature in the above-mentioned steps (2) is not less than 150 ℃ and be not higher than 850 ℃, oil smoke has at the pyroreaction environment and is no less than 0.05 second hold-up time, and reaction environment has superfluous oxygen supply.
3, the on-the-spot method that detects metering oil smoke discharge total amount according to claim 1 is characterized in that: use oxide catalyst in the above-mentioned steps (2).
4, the on-the-spot method that detects metering oil smoke discharge total amount according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the described step (1), settle metal or nonmetal net in the passage of discharging oil smoke, hold back the oil smoke of gathering in the air-flow.
5, the on-the-spot method that detects metering oil smoke discharge total amount according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described metal or nonmetal net are made up of heating wire, directly to the heating wire energising, make to be trapped oil smoke and to be subjected to thermal oxide.
6, a kind of according to the described on-the-spot used on-the-spot gauge that detects of oil smoke concentration of method that detects metering oil smoke discharge total amount of claim 1, it is characterized in that: it is made up of detecting device and data processing controller, its detecting device is to be equipped with a detector tube with air inlet and exhaust outlet in the enclosure, from air inlet to exhaust outlet order is processing section, cooling section, detection segment, its cooling section is that diameter is by little extremely big toroidal, detector tube is provided with blower fan at the air inlet place, be equipped with heating element and heating element support member at processing section, be equipped with carbon dioxide gas detectors in detection segment, the signal output part of carbon dioxide gas detectors is connected with data processing controller by signal wire, the output terminal of data processing controller connects data transmission circumscription socket, blower fan, heating element all links to each other with automatic control switch with data processing controller.
7, the on-the-spot gauge that detects of oil smoke concentration according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: the heating element of described processing section is electrical heating elements, electromagnetism heating element or chemical heat element.
8, the on-the-spot gauge that detects of oil smoke concentration according to claim 6 is characterized in that: be equipped with the air-flow velocity detector on the described shell, and be connected with data processing controller by signal conductor.
9, the on-the-spot gauge that detects of oil smoke concentration according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described shell is built-in with Temperature Detector, and the thermocouple probe of Temperature Detector places in the processing section of detector tube, and is connected with data processing controller by signal conductor.
10, the on-the-spot gauge that detects of oil smoke concentration according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: the on-the-spot gauge that detects of described oil smoke concentration is by detecting device and data processing controller partial installation, detecting device is installed in the passage of tested discharging oil smoke, data processing controller is installed in environmental protection administrative authority, the corresponding above detecting device of data processing controller.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410056801 CN1276253C (en) | 2004-08-20 | 2004-08-20 | Method for on-site detecting and metering fume discharge total amount and fume concentration on-site detecting and metering instrument |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410056801 CN1276253C (en) | 2004-08-20 | 2004-08-20 | Method for on-site detecting and metering fume discharge total amount and fume concentration on-site detecting and metering instrument |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1587973A CN1587973A (en) | 2005-03-02 |
| CN1276253C true CN1276253C (en) | 2006-09-20 |
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| CN 200410056801 Expired - Fee Related CN1276253C (en) | 2004-08-20 | 2004-08-20 | Method for on-site detecting and metering fume discharge total amount and fume concentration on-site detecting and metering instrument |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP5334286B2 (en) * | 2008-05-20 | 2013-11-06 | パナソニック株式会社 | Instrument monitoring device |
| CN104344969B (en) * | 2013-07-29 | 2017-04-12 | 广东万家乐燃气具有限公司 | Range hood oil way detecting method and detecting device |
| CN106175479A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2016-12-07 | 宁波方太厨具有限公司 | A kind of electric baker and control method thereof |
| CN110702840B (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2022-06-07 | 河北地质大学华信学院 | Analysis device based on energy utilization rate of carbonized urban domestic sewage biomass |
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