CN1271640C - Shutdown method and shutdown system for low-temperature heat supply reactor or research reactor over-design basis accident - Google Patents
Shutdown method and shutdown system for low-temperature heat supply reactor or research reactor over-design basis accident Download PDFInfo
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- CN1271640C CN1271640C CNB2004100691858A CN200410069185A CN1271640C CN 1271640 C CN1271640 C CN 1271640C CN B2004100691858 A CNB2004100691858 A CN B2004100691858A CN 200410069185 A CN200410069185 A CN 200410069185A CN 1271640 C CN1271640 C CN 1271640C
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- reactor
- lattice cell
- boron
- cavity lattice
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 3
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium(0) Chemical compound [U] JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Structure Of Emergency Protection For Nuclear Reactors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of nuclear reactor control, and particularly relates to a shutdown method and a shutdown system for low-temperature heat supply reactors or research reactor over-design basis accidents. The reactor is characterized in that at least two cavity grid cells made of materials with small neutron absorption cross sections are arranged near the center in the reactor core, nitrogen is filled in the cavity grid cells when the reactor normally operates, and boron-containing water or deionized water is injected into the cavity grid cells to introduce negative reactivity when an over-design-standard accident occurs, so that shutdown is realized. Compared with the shutdown method for injecting the boron-containing water, the shutdown method has the remarkable effects that a large amount of boron-containing water and a large amount of moderation water can be prevented from being mixed, so that a complex boron removal system is not required to be arranged, and a large amount of treatment time is not consumed. And the response time of injecting boron-containing water or deionized water into the cavity grid cells under the accident condition is shorter than that of boron injection in a nuclear power station, and even can be equivalent to the response time of control rod drop.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to nuclear reactor control field, be specifically related to a kind of shut-down method and reactor shut-off system of nuclear reactor accident.
Background technology
China pays much attention to the safety of nuclear facilities; new design and the low temperature heating reactor of building or research reactor all must be studied the accident of external power circuit breaking protective system tripping and the tripping of control rod withdrawal accident protection system; these two kinds all is the super design reference accident; though probability is very low, it threatens very big to nuclear reactor safety.Especially low temperature heating reactor and research reactor do not allow outside the factory emergent.For eliminating above two kinds of super design reference accidents, the shut-down method and the reactor shut-off system of necessary research and design super design reference accident.The method that adopts nuclear power plant accident to add boron water adds B solution in moderator be to solve one of above-mentioned super design reference accident way.Because nuclear power station has the boron disposal system, and just containing boron in the moderator when normally moving, is very easily with adding boron water realization shutdown therefore.And low temperature heating reactor or research reactor do not remove the boron system, so adopt the method that adds boron water in cooling (slowing down) agent under the accident, certainly will generate a large amount of boron waters, and this has not only increased the complicacy of going boron to handle, and will expend the quite long processing time.Especially utilize cooling (casualization) agent of the low temperature heating reactor that Nuclear Power Station's Exhausted Fuels builds up to add that the water capacity in pressure accumulation pond is very big, be greater than 1000 tons of water, the boron in the more difficult removal water.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide and a kind ofly can avoid a large amount of boron waters to mix, need not to be provided with except that boron complicated technology system and expend in a large number except that the low temperature heating reactor in boron processing time or the shut-down method and the reactor shut-off systems of research reactor super design reference accident with a large amount of cooling (slowing down) water.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of low temperature heating reactor or research reactor super design reference breakdown method, in reactor core, arrange at least two cavity lattice cells of making by the little material in neutron-absorption cross-section near centre, during normal reactor operation, inflated with nitrogen in this cavity lattice cell, when the super design reference accident takes place, inject boron water or deionized water to the cavity lattice cell, introduce negative reactivity, realize shutdown.
A kind of low temperature heating reactor or research reactor super design reference breakdown system, it is included in the reactor core near centre and is provided with the cavity lattice cell of at least two length of being made by the little material in neutron-absorption cross-section greater than core height and closed at both ends, one end of a pipeline inserts the bottom of cavity lattice cell, its other end passes reactor vessel, link to each other with fluid reservoir through injecting solenoid valve, fluid reservoir top also is connected with gas admittance valve and vent valve, one of another root pipeline terminates to the top of cavity lattice cell, its other end passes reactor vessel, link to each other with nitrogen cylinder with steam supply valve through connecting distributing valve, steam supply valve also links to each other with gas admittance valve.
A kind of low temperature heating reactor or research reactor super design reference breakdown system, in reactor core, be provided with the cavity lattice cell of at least two length of making by the little material in neutron-absorption cross-section greater than core height and upper end closed lower end opening near centre, one end of a pipeline inserts the cavity lattice cell until its top from lower ending opening, its other end passes reactor vessel and links to each other with gas-holder, also links to each other with nitrogen cylinder, vacuum tank respectively through gas filling valve, exhaust solenoid valve simultaneously.
The present invention arranges an amount of cavity lattice cell at the reactor core of low temperature heating reactor or research reactor, inflated with nitrogen in the chamber when normal operation, outside under the power cut-off accident, the solenoid valve outage is also opened automatically, boron water or deionized water are injected in the cavity lattice cell by gravity or pressurization, introduce bigger negative reactivity, can realize hot shutdown, even can reach cold shut.If the serial connection expression " is piled the power height " and the shutdown contact of " heap outlet temperature height " in the power of electromagnetic valve loop, can also eliminate the serious consequence of control rod withdrawal accident protection system tripping.The present invention provides a kind of new independently shut-down method and reactor shut-off system, to guarantee the safety of low temperature heating reactor or research reactor.Annotate the shut-down method of boron water with nuclear power station and compare, its remarkable result is to avoid a large amount of boron waters to mix with a large amount of cooling (slowing down) water, like this, need not to be provided with except that the complicated technology system of boron with expend a large amount of processing times.And injecting boron water or deionized water under accident conditions in the cavity lattice cell, to annotate the boron response time than nuclear power station short, even can be suitable with control rod rod response time that falls.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a synoptic diagram of reactor shut-off system provided by the present invention;
Fig. 2 is another synoptic diagram of reactor shut-off system provided by the present invention.
Among the figure, 1. inject solenoid valve 2. distributing valves 3. steam supply valves 4. and add air valve 5. vent valves 6. fluid reservoirs 7. nitrogen cylinders 8. cavity lattice cells 9. reactor cores 10. reactor vessels 11. exhaust solenoid valves 12. gas filling valves 13. gas-holder 14. vacuum tanks 15. nitrogen cylinders 21,22,23. pipelines.
Embodiment
A kind of low temperature heating reactor or research reactor super design reference breakdown method, be in reactor core, to arrange at least two cavity lattice cells of making by the little material in neutron-absorption cross-section near centre, during normal reactor operation, inflated with nitrogen in this cavity lattice cell, when the super design reference accident takes place, inject boron water or deionized water to the cavity lattice cell, introduce negative reactivity, realize shutdown.
Said cavity lattice cell is the little lattice cell shape parts of being made by aluminium or zirconia material in neutron-absorption cross-section, and be arranged near the higher position of reactor core neutron flux, in the cavity lattice cell, inject boron water or deionized water, under accident, can absorb a large amount of neutrons or change Water-Uranium Ratio (H/U
235), make moderation of neutrons, introduce negative reactivity, realize shutdown.Wherein, the size of injecting deionized water introducing negative reactivity is also arranged relevant with reactor core concrete structure and cavity lattice cell.The design of Nuclear Power Station's Exhausted Fuels low-temperature heat supply core shows:
For the reactor core of 24 groups and 9 " cavity lattice cell " compositions of control rod in 88 box irradiated fuel assemblies, the insertion fuel assembly, introduce negative reactivity behind hot full power " cavity lattice cell " water-filling and be approximately 2%;
For the reactor core of 13 " cavity lattice cell " compositions of 32 groups of boxes of control rod in 108 box irradiated fuel assemblies, the insertion fuel assembly, introduce negative reactivity behind hot full power " cavity lattice cell " water-filling:
13 " cavity lattice cell " water-filling afterreactions descend 3.55%
8 " cavity lattice cell " water-filling afterreactions descend 2.13%
5 " cavity lattice cell " water-filling afterreactions descend 1.11%
4 " cavity lattice cell " water-filling afterreactions descend 0.846%;
For the high flux heap (research reactor) of thimble tube fuel element, district's batch turning in 80 box-packed years four, the balance batch turning was loaded down, and reactor core is arranged four boxes " cavity lattice cell ".Introduce negative reactivity behind " cavity lattice cell " water-filling: be about 1% for the high-enriched uranium fuel element; Be about 0.5% for the slightly enriched uranium fuel element.
Details are as follows for reactor shut-off system provided by the present invention:
As shown in Figure 1, the Nuclear Power Station's Exhausted Fuels low temperature heating reactor that is 200MW with a thermal power is an example.Cavity lattice cell 8 inserts in the reactor core 9, be arranged near in reactor core 9 lattice cells, cavity lattice cell 8 is lattice cell linear elements of being made by aluminium or zirconium, cavity lattice cell 8 is longer than reactor core 9, upper and lower side all stretches out 10～20cm, and sealing, one end of pipeline 21 is inserted into the bottom of cavity lattice cell 8, its other end passes heap container 10, link to each other with fluid reservoir 6 through injecting solenoid valve 1, fluid reservoir 6 tops also are connected with gas admittance valve 4 and vent valve 5, and one of pipeline 22 terminates to the top of cavity lattice cell 8, its other end passes heap container 10, links to each other with nitrogen cylinder 7 with steam supply valve 3 through distributing valve 2.Close gas admittance valve 4 before opening heap, open vent valve 5, distributing valve 2, steam supply valve 3 and inject solenoid valve 1, boron water or deionized water in the cavity lattice cell 8 are pressed onto in the fluid reservoir 6, when vent valve 5 a large amount of deflations, close steam supply valve 3 and inject solenoid valve 1, close vent valve 5 again, open gas admittance valve 4.When accident or check, inject solenoid valve 1 outage and automatic the unlatching, boron water in the fluid reservoir 6 or deionized water inject cavity lattice cell 8 by deadweight or pressurization, and the introducing negative reactivity is realized shutdown.This programme is applicable to the reactor shut-off system of injecting boron water or deionized water mode.It is short that this injection mode is annotated the boron response time than nuclear power station, and its response time can be suitable with control rod corresponding time of falling.
As shown in Figure 2, be example also with 200MW Nuclear Power Station's Exhausted Fuels low temperature heating reactor.The cavity lattice cell 8 of right quantity is inserted in the reactor core 9, and cavity lattice cell 8 is longer than reactor core 9, and 10～20cm and sealing are stretched out in the upper end, and 50～100cm and opening are stretched out in the lower end.One end of a pipeline 23 inserts cavity lattice cell 8 on reactor core 9 more than the plane from opening part, and the other end passes heap container 10 and links to each other with gas-holder 13, and the while, it also linked to each other with vacuum tank 14 with nitrogen cylinder 15 with solenoid valve 11 through gas filling valve 12 respectively.Before opening heap,, to 8 inflations of cavity lattice cell water level in the cavity lattice cell 8 is pressed onto between reactor core 9 lower planes and cavity lattice cell 8 opening parts by gas filling valve 12, and utilizes gas-holder 13 to slow down water-level fluctuation in the cavity lattice cell 8.When accident or test, solenoid valve 11 outages are also opened, and the gas in the cavity lattice cell 8 is rushed down in the vacuum tank 14, and cavity lattice cell 8 charges into cooling (casualization) agent, introduces negative reactivity, realizes shutdown.This programme is only applicable to the reactor shut-off system of water flooding regime.
Above-mentioned two kinds of reactor shut-off systems are equally applicable to research reactor.
Claims (3)
1. low temperature heating reactor or research reactor super design reference breakdown method, it is characterized in that: in reactor core, arrange at least two cavity lattice cells of making by the little material in neutron-absorption cross-section near centre, during normal reactor operation, inflated with nitrogen in this cavity lattice cell, when the super design reference accident takes place, in the cavity lattice cell, inject boron water or deionized water, introduce negative reactivity, realize shutdown.
2. low temperature heating reactor or research reactor super design reference breakdown system, it is characterized in that: in reactor core, be provided with the cavity lattice cell (8) of at least two length of making by the little material in neutron-absorption cross-section greater than reactor core (9) height and closed at both ends near centre, one end of a pipeline (21) inserts the bottom of cavity lattice cell (8), its other end passes reactor vessel, link to each other with fluid reservoir (6) through injecting solenoid valve (1), fluid reservoir (6) top also is connected with gas admittance valve (4) and vent valve (5), one of another root pipeline (22) terminates to the top of cavity lattice cell (8), its other end passes reactor vessel, link to each other with nitrogen cylinder (7) with steam supply valve (3) through connecting distributing valve (2), steam supply valve (3) also links to each other with gas admittance valve (4).
3. low temperature heating reactor or research reactor super design reference breakdown system, it is characterized in that: in reactor core, be provided with the cavity lattice cell (8) of at least two length of making by the little material in neutron-absorption cross-section greater than reactor core (9) height and upper end closed lower end opening near centre, one end of pipeline (23) inserts cavity lattice cell (8) until its top from lower ending opening, the other end passes reactor vessel and links to each other with gas-holder (13), also links to each other with nitrogen cylinder (15), vacuum tank (14) respectively through gas filling valve (12), exhaust solenoid valve (11) simultaneously.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100691858A CN1271640C (en) | 2004-07-07 | 2004-07-07 | Shutdown method and shutdown system for low-temperature heat supply reactor or research reactor over-design basis accident |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100691858A CN1271640C (en) | 2004-07-07 | 2004-07-07 | Shutdown method and shutdown system for low-temperature heat supply reactor or research reactor over-design basis accident |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1588559A CN1588559A (en) | 2005-03-02 |
| CN1271640C true CN1271640C (en) | 2006-08-23 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB2004100691858A Expired - Lifetime CN1271640C (en) | 2004-07-07 | 2004-07-07 | Shutdown method and shutdown system for low-temperature heat supply reactor or research reactor over-design basis accident |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2983336B1 (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2014-01-31 | Areva Np | (EN) ASSEMBLY AND METHOD FOR WATER INJECTION OF A NEUTRON ABSORBER COMPONENT FOR COOLING A CORE OF A NUCLEAR REACTOR IN A CRISIS SITUATION. |
| CN104616707B (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2017-03-22 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Boron injection system for second reactor shutdown system of research reactor |
| CN105788689A (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-07-20 | 新核（北京）能源科技有限公司 | Low temperature well-type nuclear heating reactor heat supply system |
| CN109215813A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2019-01-15 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Pressurized-water reactor thimble tube complementary shutdown system and method |
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- 2004-07-07 CN CNB2004100691858A patent/CN1271640C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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| CN1588559A (en) | 2005-03-02 |
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