CN109215813A - Pressurized-water reactor thimble tube complementary shutdown system and method - Google Patents
Pressurized-water reactor thimble tube complementary shutdown system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109215813A CN109215813A CN201811069759.XA CN201811069759A CN109215813A CN 109215813 A CN109215813 A CN 109215813A CN 201811069759 A CN201811069759 A CN 201811069759A CN 109215813 A CN109215813 A CN 109215813A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C9/00—Emergency protection arrangements structurally associated with the reactor, e.g. safety valves provided with pressure equalisation devices
- G21C9/02—Means for effecting very rapid reduction of the reactivity factor under fault conditions, e.g. reactor fuse; Control elements having arrangements activated in an emergency
- G21C9/033—Means for effecting very rapid reduction of the reactivity factor under fault conditions, e.g. reactor fuse; Control elements having arrangements activated in an emergency by an absorbent fluid
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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Abstract
The invention discloses pressurized-water reactor thimble tube complementary shutdown system and methods, the reactor shut-off system includes the bushing type injection unit being arranged in pressure vessel and the shutdown fluid circulation being arranged in outside pressure vessel, bushing type injection unit includes inner sleeve and the outer tube that interior outside of sleeve is arranged in, shutdown fluid circulation includes soluble neutron poison case and deionization water tank, the drain side of the soluble neutron poison case and deionization water tank passes through pipeline and is connected to outer tube, circulating pump is provided on the pipeline, the liquid feeding end of soluble neutron poison case and deionization water tank passes through pipeline and is connected to inner sleeve, outlet valve R1 and return valve R2 are respectively arranged on the drain side of soluble neutron poison case and the pipeline of liquid feeding end, be respectively arranged on the drain side of deionization water tank and the pipeline of liquid feeding end outlet valve W1 and Return valve W2.The present invention solves the problems, such as that existing complementary shutdown system causes liquid neutron-absorbing material to blend with primary Ioops coolant.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to pressurized-water reactor shutdown technical fields, and in particular to pressurized-water reactor thimble tube backup shutdown
System and method.
Background technique
Nuclear power plant system is designed according to " nuclear power plant design safety provides (HAF 102-2016) " of newest promulgation
Requirement, for reactor shutdown, system designs upper " must at least be made of two diversified and independent systems " and protects
Card is " even if in the state that reactor core is in reactivity maximum, it is necessary to which at least one system can be independently with enough depth
Reactor is set to keep subcritical state with high reliability ".
According to above-mentioned requirements, existing pressurized-water reactor is all equipped with two sets of reactor reactor shut-off systems, wherein first set shutdown
System is mostly to have reactivity using control bar system control reactor core reactivity and control fireballing feature, can meet quick peace
The requirement of full cut-off heap.Control bar system is mainly made of control rod (neutron absorber material) and control rod drive mechanism, and the two is logical
Cross mechanical connection, control bar system be using electromagnetic drive principle by control rod drive mechanism manipulation and control stick (in
Sub- absorbing material) it is passed in and out in reactor core reserving hole channel, reach control reactivity, realizes the purpose of shutdown.
The design of second set of reactor shut-off system, i.e. complementary shutdown system there is no unified standard at present, mostly use at present one time
The mode of the road injection dense boric acid of liquid realizes shutdown function, in addition, there are also utilize acceleration spring drive control stick quick insertion heap
The design etc. of core realization scram function.Presurized water reactor backup shutdown technology in the world is sketched below.
Russian VVER-1000 type unit, the imperial No.1 of France's EPR type power plant and autonomy-oriented three generations nuclear power China are respectively provided with
Emergency boron injection system, in estimated response transient state (ATWS) for failing normal shutdown, to reactor coolant system
System injection concentrated boric acid solution (liquid neutron absorber), brings reactor core into subcritical state.System is by dense boron case, quck-opening valve (nothing
Palpus electricity consumption) and associated pipe composition.By dense boron in such a way that main pump running down driving, drive of high-pressure gas or self gravity drive
Acid solution piii reactor coolant circuit, and blended with primary Ioops coolant, enter reactor core together, realizes shutdown function.
U.S.'s ESBWR reactor provides the alternative mean of shutdown using standby liquid control system (SLCS), to reactor
Inject liquid neutron absorber.System automatic trigger after detecting primary Ioops cut accident (LOCA) or ATWS accident is led to
Be overpressurized safety injection tank, with passive mode quickly and be directly injected into reactor core bypass area, realize shutdown function.With this system principle
Similar, the complementary shutdown system and Argentina's CAREM reactor of the advanced heavy water reactor ACR1000 of Canada is also using precharge
The mode of helium tank injects liquid neutron absorber in primary Ioops system to realize shutdown function.
In terms of small-sized heap, the reactivity control of the modular rickle SMR in the western room in the U.S. normally by control rod, when
Control rod can not fall into reactor core or event of getting under shutdown condition under extreme case, will be carried out by diversified reactor shut-off system
Protection injects reactor core by gravity particular by by the dense boron water in CMT, which is also used to carry out long-term to power plant
Reactivity control.
It is initiated by the U.S., a non-passive safety integration rickle IRIS of the international advanced nuclear energy country exploitation of joint is same
Total pressure emergency note boron case is devised, boron water can be injected to reactor by being directly injected into pipeline under transient condition.
Domestic 200MW low temperature heating reactor uses boron gravity injection system, and using siphon tube type gravity boron implantation scheme, it has
The advantages that safe and reliable, economy, simple system.When needing to infuse boron, successively open between pressure vessel and note boron tank on pipeline
Valve, after infusing boron pressure inside the tank and pressure vessel pressure and reaching balance, using the liquid level difference in note boron tank and pressure vessel as dynamic
Power is by boron liquid injection pressure shell.Boron water into pressure vessel flows through reactor core with primary Ioops water circulation, and reactor is made to close down.
In conclusion China's nuclear safety relevant regulatory requirements nuclear power plant system must be equipped with complementary shutdown system, and work
Making principle need to be different from first set reactor shut-off system；Pressurized water reactor first set reactor shut-off system mainly uses electromagnetic drive solid neutron
The mode of absorbing material realizes that reactive control and shutdown function are realized.Reactor complementary shutdown system used by industry is adopted more
Shutdown function is realized with the mode that primary Ioops are directly injected into liquid neutron-absorbing material, and therefore, existing complementary shutdown system causes
Liquid neutron-absorbing material is blended with primary Ioops coolant.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide pressurized-water reactor thimble tube complementary shutdown systems, solve existing backup shutdown
The problem of system causes liquid neutron-absorbing material and primary Ioops coolant to blend.
In addition, the present invention please also provide the shut-down method based on above-mentioned reactor shut-off system.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Pressurized-water reactor thimble tube complementary shutdown system, including the bushing type injection unit that is arranged in pressure vessel and
Shutdown fluid circulation outside pressure vessel is set, and described sleeve pipe formula injection unit is inserted into heap in-core, described sleeve pipe formula note
Entering unit includes inner sleeve and the outer tube that interior outside of sleeve is arranged in, and the lower end of the inner sleeve is hatch frame, described outer
Casing is enclosed construction, has certain gap between the lower end and outer sleeve bottom of the inner sleeve, and the shutdown liquid follows
Loop system includes soluble neutron poison case and deionization water tank, the drain of the soluble neutron poison case and deionization water tank
End is connected to by pipeline with outer tube, and circulating pump, the soluble neutron poison case and deionized water are provided on the pipeline
The liquid feeding end of case passes through pipeline and is connected to inner sleeve, on the drain side of the soluble neutron poison case and the pipeline of liquid feeding end
It is respectively arranged with outlet valve R1 and return valve R2, is respectively arranged on the drain side of the deionization water tank and the pipeline of liquid feeding end
Outlet valve W1 and return valve W2.
Currently, mostly using in the design of complementary shutdown system used by main pressurized-water reactor to one time in the world
Road is directly injected into liquid boric acid solution and realizes as the mode of neutron-absorbing material in shutdown function, is directly injected into mode using this
Necessarily cause primary Ioops coolant to blend with liquid neutron-absorbing material, causes the pollution of primary Ioops coolant system.Again
Before opening heap, primary Ioops system coolant system need to thoroughly be cleaned using deionized water, this will expend a large amount of manpowers, object
Power.Meanwhile in order to maintain boric acid solution not crystallize, heating device need to be equipped with by boric acid solution temperature and maintain certain model
It encloses.For this purpose, a large amount of ancillary equipments need to be configured in order to maintain system to operate normally, system operation and maintenance cost is increased, is also increased
Space needed for system is added.
Reactor shut-off system of the present invention is injected using " contactless " (poisonous substance recycles in bushing type injection unit) poisonous substance
Mode, neutron-absorbing poisonous substance and primary Ioops coolant are separated, and are thoroughly avoided road boric acid solution and are directly injected into mode to reaction
Pollution problem caused by reactor coolant system primary Ioops；Using " bushing type " compact structure design and normal temperature condition under not
The soluble solution crystallized further simplifies system configuration and reduces the sky to equipment arrangement as neutron-absorbing material
Between demand, the integrated module formula reactor limited especially suitable for containment inner space, equipment closeness is high.
Further, the upper end of inner sleeve protrudes from the top of outer tube.
It is connect convenient for inner sleeve with pipeline and realizes liquid reflux.
Further, water inlet pipe is provided on the side wall of outer tube.
It is connected convenient for housing pipeline and realizes that liquid flows into outer tube.
Further, the gap between the lower end and outer sleeve bottom of inner sleeve is more than or equal to the internal diameter of inner sleeve.
Be conducive to liquid to recycle in bushing type injection unit.
Further, bushing type injection unit is arranged in parallel with control rod.
Further, bushing type injection unit and control rod are fixed in reactor using same set of fixed structure.
Further, the quantity of bushing type injection unit is at least provided with 2.
A kind of shut-down method based on above-mentioned pressurized-water reactor thimble tube complementary shutdown system, comprising the following steps:
1), emergency shut-down process:
11) outlet valve W1 and return valve W2, is closed, confirmation circulating pump is in state of closing down；
12) outlet valve R1 and return valve R2, is opened, circulating pump is started, it will be in the solubility in soluble neutron poison case
In sub- absorber injection outer tube, soluble neutron absorber is injected by outer tube, circulation is realized in inner sleeve reflux, soluble
Neutron-absorbing material is contactless to enter reactor core, reaches scram, maintains reactive purpose；
2) heap process, is opened again:
21) outlet valve R1, circulating pump, are closed, valve R2 unlatching is maintained the reflux for；
22) outlet valve W1, is opened, while maintaining the reflux for valve W2 closing, starting circulating pump injects clear water in outer tube, will
Soluble neutron absorber drain sleeve formula injection unit is simultaneously back in soluble poisons storage box by return valve R2；
23), after the soluble neutron absorber in bushing type injection unit is all back to soluble poisons storage box,
Closing volume valve R2 opens return valve W2, so that extra clear water is back to deionization water tank；
24) circulating pump, is closed, the preparation before opening heap again is carried out.
Compared with prior art, the present invention having the following advantages and benefits:
1, neutron-absorbing material of the invention is kept apart by bushing type injection unit and reactor coolant, therefore neutron is inhaled
Receiving agent will not be in contact with reactor coolant, avoid conventional chemical injection reactor shut-off system once starting i.e. to coolant system
The problem of system pollutes.This " non-contact " characteristic can save that reactor is subsequent to open heap process primary Ioops cleaning amount,
Shorten reactor and restart interval, it is economical to promote reactor.
2, the present invention uses " casing " soluble poisons injection mode, so that structure is more on the whole for the complementary shutdown system
Compact, without configuring complicated support system, this is limited for containment inner space, the saturate small modules formula of equipment
System arrangement space is saved for reactor.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing described herein is used to provide to further understand the embodiment of the present invention, constitutes one of the application
Point, do not constitute the restriction to the embodiment of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of reactor shut-off system；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that neutron-absorbing material flows in bushing type injection unit.
Label and corresponding parts title in attached drawing:
1- soluble neutron poison case, 2- outlet valve R1,3- outlet valve W1,4- bushing type injection unit, 5- return valve R2,
6- return valve W2,7- deionization water tank, 8- circulating pump, 41- inner sleeve, 42- outer tube, 43- water inlet pipe.
Specific embodiment
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, below with reference to embodiment and attached drawing, to this
Invention is described in further detail, and exemplary embodiment of the invention and its explanation for explaining only the invention, are not made
For limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, pressurized-water reactor thimble tube complementary shutdown system, including the set being arranged in pressure vessel
Tubular type injection unit 4 and the shutdown fluid circulation being arranged in outside pressure vessel, described sleeve pipe formula injection unit 4 are inserted into reactor core
Interior, described sleeve pipe formula injection unit 4 includes inner sleeve 41 and the outer tube 42 that 41 outside of inner sleeve is arranged in, the inner sleeve 41
Lower end be hatch frame, the outer tube 42 is enclosed construction, the lower end of the inner sleeve 41 and 42 bottom of outer tube it
Between there is certain gap, specifically, gap between 42 bottom of lower end and outer tube of the inner sleeve 41 be more than or equal to
The internal diameter of inner sleeve 41, the upper end of the inner sleeve 41 protrude from the top of outer tube 42, set on the side wall of the outer tube 42
It is equipped with water inlet pipe 43, the shutdown fluid circulation includes soluble neutron poison case 1 and deionization water tank 7, the solubility
The drain side of neutron poison case 1 and deionization water tank 7 passes through pipeline and is connected to outer tube 42, is provided with circulating pump on the pipeline
8, the liquid feeding end of the soluble neutron poison case 1 and deionization water tank 7 passes through pipeline and is connected to inner sleeve 41, described solvable
Be respectively arranged with outlet valve R12 and return valve R25 on the drain side of property neutron poison case 1 and the pipeline of liquid feeding end, it is described go from
Outlet valve W13 and return valve W26 are respectively arranged on the drain side of sub- water tank 7 and the pipeline of liquid feeding end；The injection of described sleeve pipe formula
Unit 4 is arranged in parallel with control rod；Described sleeve pipe formula injection unit 4, which is fixed on control rod using same set of fixed structure, to react
In heap, the fixed structure is pressure vessel from band structure, and the quantity of described sleeve pipe formula injection unit 4 is at least provided with 2.
A kind of shut-down method based on pressurized-water reactor thimble tube complementary shutdown system described in embodiment 1, including it is following
Step:
1), emergency shut-down process:
11) outlet valve W13 and return valve W26, is closed, confirmation circulating pump 8 is in state of closing down；
12) outlet valve R12 and return valve R25, is opened, circulating pump 8 is started, it will be solvable in soluble neutron poison case 1
Property neutron absorber injection outer tube 42 in, soluble neutron absorber by outer tube 42 injection, inner sleeve 41 reflux realize
Circulation, soluble neutron absorber is contactless to enter reactor core, reaches scram, maintains reactive purpose；
2) heap process, is opened again:
21) outlet valve R12, circulating pump 8, are closed, valve R25 unlatching is maintained the reflux for；
22) outlet valve W13, is opened, while maintaining the reflux for valve W26 closing, clear water is injected outer tube 42 by starting circulating pump 8
It is interior, by soluble neutron absorber drain sleeve formula injection unit 4 and soluble poisons storage box is back to by return valve R25
In 1；
23), soluble poisons storage box 1 is all back to the soluble neutron absorber in bushing type injection unit 4
Afterwards, closing volume valve R25 opens return valve W26, so that extra clear water is back to deionization water tank 7；
24) circulating pump 8, is closed, the preparation before opening heap again is carried out.
Above-described specific embodiment has carried out further the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effects
It is described in detail, it should be understood that being not intended to limit the present invention the foregoing is merely a specific embodiment of the invention
Protection scope, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should all include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. pressurized-water reactor thimble tube complementary shutdown system, which is characterized in that including the bushing type being arranged in pressure vessel
Injection unit (4) and the shutdown fluid circulation being arranged in outside pressure vessel, described sleeve pipe formula injection unit (4) are inserted into reactor core
Interior, described sleeve pipe formula injection unit (4) includes the outer tube (42) of inner sleeve (41) and setting on the outside of inner sleeve (41), described
The lower end of inner sleeve (41) be hatch frame, the outer tube (42) be enclosed construction, the lower end of the inner sleeve (41) with
Between outer tube (42) bottom have certain gap, the shutdown fluid circulation include soluble neutron poison case (1) and
The drain side of deionization water tank (7), the soluble neutron poison case (1) and deionization water tank (7) passes through pipeline and housing
Manage (42) connection, be provided with circulating pump (8) on the pipeline, the soluble neutron poison case (1) and deionization water tank (7) into
Liquid end passes through pipeline and is connected to inner sleeve (41), the drain side of the soluble neutron poison case (1) and the pipeline of liquid feeding end
On be respectively arranged with outlet valve R1 (2) and return valve R2 (5), the drain side of the deionization water tank (7) and the pipeline of liquid feeding end
On be respectively arranged with outlet valve W1 (3) and return valve W2 (6).
2. pressurized-water reactor thimble tube complementary shutdown system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the inner sleeve
(41) upper end protrudes from the top of outer tube (42).
3. pressurized-water reactor thimble tube complementary shutdown system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the outer tube
(42) water inlet pipe (43) are provided on side wall.
4. pressurized-water reactor thimble tube complementary shutdown system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the inner sleeve
(41) the gap between lower end and outer tube (42) bottom is more than or equal to the internal diameter of inner sleeve (41).
5. pressurized-water reactor thimble tube complementary shutdown system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described sleeve pipe formula
Injection unit (4) is arranged in parallel with control rod.
6. pressurized-water reactor thimble tube complementary shutdown system according to claim 5, which is characterized in that described sleeve pipe formula
Injection unit (4) and control rod are fixed in reactor using same set of fixed structure.
7. pressurized-water reactor thimble tube complementary shutdown system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described sleeve pipe formula
The quantity of injection unit (4) is at least provided with 2.
8. a kind of shut-down method based on any one of the claim 1-7 pressurized-water reactor thimble tube complementary shutdown system,
Characterized by comprising the following steps:
1), emergency shut-down process:
11) outlet valve W1 (3) and return valve W2 (6), are closed, confirmation circulating pump (8) is in state of closing down；
12) outlet valve R1 (2) and return valve R2 (5), are opened, is started circulating pump (8), it will be in soluble neutron poison case (1)
In soluble neutron absorber injection outer tube (42), soluble neutron absorber passes through outer tube (42) injection, inner sleeve
(41) circulation is realized in reflux, and soluble neutron absorber is contactless to enter reactor core, is reached scram, is maintained reactive mesh
's；
2) heap process, is opened again:
21) outlet valve R1 (2), circulating pump (8), are closed, valve R2 (5) unlatching is maintained the reflux for；
22) outlet valve W1 (3), are opened, while maintaining the reflux for valve W2 (6) closing, starts circulating pump (8) for clear water and injects outer tube
(42) in, soluble poison is back to by soluble neutron absorber drain sleeve formula injection unit (4) and by return valve R2 (5)
In object storage box (1)；
23), soluble poisons storage box (1) is all back to the soluble neutron absorber in bushing type injection unit (4)
Afterwards, (5) closing volume valve R2 are opened return valve W2 (6), so that extra clear water is back to deionization water tank (7)；
24) circulating pump (8), are closed, carry out the preparation before opening heap again.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811069759.XA CN109215813A (en) | 2018-09-13 | 2018-09-13 | Pressurized-water reactor thimble tube complementary shutdown system and method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811069759.XA CN109215813A (en) | 2018-09-13 | 2018-09-13 | Pressurized-water reactor thimble tube complementary shutdown system and method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113345606A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-09-03 | 岭东核电有限公司 | Reactor shutdown control rod and reactor shutdown and cooling integrated system with same |
| CN115171926A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-10-11 | 中核核电运行管理有限公司 | Method for establishing reactor shutdown state based on control rod for heavy water reactor |
| CN116313178A (en) * | 2023-04-13 | 2023-06-23 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Reactor and reactivity control system thereof |
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| CN1588559A (en) * | 2004-07-07 | 2005-03-02 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Shutdown method and shutdown system for low-temperature heat supply reactor or research reactor over-design basis accident |
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