CN1270036C - Long-distance operating system for personal sanitary or cleaning utensil - Google Patents
Long-distance operating system for personal sanitary or cleaning utensil Download PDFInfo
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- CN1270036C CN1270036C CN 01142482 CN01142482A CN1270036C CN 1270036 C CN1270036 C CN 1270036C CN 01142482 CN01142482 CN 01142482 CN 01142482 A CN01142482 A CN 01142482A CN 1270036 C CN1270036 C CN 1270036C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a system for operating a personal sanitary apparatus remotely. The sanitary apparatus comprises at least one kind of a closet flushing valve, a water tap, a shower head, a soap squeezing apparatus, a hand drier and a tissue extracting device. The system comprises an electronic actuating mechanism associated with each apparatus so as to enable the apparatus to work. A wireless receiver is associated with each apparatus. After receiving a unique message for the apparatus, the receiver enables the apparatus to work. The present invention is provided with a triggering device far away from the apparatus, for example, the triggering device can be an infrared sensor or a manual operation switch for sending out a request signal for making the apparatus work. The triggering device is provided with an emitter and a receiver which are associated with the triggering device. A program is set to the emitter associated to the triggering device so as to send a message which is unique for a certain specific apparatus. Each triggering device is provided with an indicator which is associated with a receiver. When the triggering device sends out a unique message, the receiver of the apparatus of the present invention receives the message and enables the apparatus to work.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of one or more remote operating systems that are located at the utensil in the public toilet usually that are used for.This appliances can comprise urinal flushing valve, water-closet flushing valve, water tap, shower head, soap extruding device (soap dispener), paper handkerchief withdrawal device (paper towel dispenser), hand dryer or other utensil that can see in this type of environment.Usually, this appliances is handled by the sensor or the hand switch that are located on the utensil and link to each other with the electric actuator of this utensil by lead by the individual.
Background technology
Under some ambient conditions, make utensil work flip flop equipment can not or people do not wish to allow it link to each other with hardwired with utensil itself.For example, after the electric actuator of flushing valve just might be positioned at vertical partition wall in water-closet, be not easy to flip flop equipment and be connected with hardwired between flushing valve.Similarly, a lot of situations are arranged, wherein the flushing valve of urinal is positioned on after the wall wall, by hardwired the device and this flushing valve itself that start the flushing valve operation is coupled together, and sees it is uneconomic from the angle of cost.The present invention replaces hardwired with a kind of wireless connections and connects, and the present invention also has the function that acknowledges receipt of operation information, no matter flip flop equipment is an infrared sensor or button, and this special arrangement shows with optical signal, makes the message of this utensil work be received and be identified.
Further, have in the environment of rest room, some communal facility for example, have one can monitor certain all cleaning appliance of zone to use and operate main controller may be desirable.And it is desirable adopting the radio communication link to replace the hardwired connection in this case.Under this ambient conditions, it may be difficult using hardwired to connect, and electric wire also is subjected to artificial destruction easily, corrodes or breaks down.Replace the hardwired connection with wireless link and have the many advantages that comprise cost, safety and reliability.
The invention provides a kind of single personal hygiene or cleaning appliance at the above-mentioned type links with wireless telecommunications between the flip flop equipment, here flip flop equipment can be a sensor can or a mechanically operated switch, also can be a control system that is used for a plurality of such utensil in the presumptive area.Between utensil itself and the device that makes these utensil work all are connected all and fetch realization by radio link.Similarly, determine when this utensil is operated, operate under the situation how long by computer control or by a microprocessor having a plurality of this utensils, all communication links are also all realized by radio.
Summary of the invention
The present invention relates to the system of a kind of operation such as flushing valve, the fire hose utensil first-class,, more particularly, relate to the use that links in the flip flop equipment of this utensil and wireless telecommunications between the electric actuator that makes this utensil work.
Main purpose of the present invention is to provide an operating system for some personal hygienes and/or cleaning appliance, and in this system, sensor or flip flop equipment to the hardwired of utensil itself connects by the radio communication link and replaces.
Another object of the present invention is for provide a control system wherein to control a plurality of such utensils by the radio universal link by single microprocessor such as above-mentioned utensil.
According to the present invention, a kind of system that is used for operated from a distance personal hygiene utensil is provided, described utensil is in lavatory flushing valve, urinal flushing valve, water tap, shower head, soap extruding device, hand dryer, the paper handkerchief withdrawal device, and described system comprises: described utensil; Be used to control the electric actuator of described utensil work; The utensil wireless receiver that is electrically connected with described electric actuator, be used for providing activation signal to it; The utensil wireless launcher that links to each other with described utensil wireless receiver; Away from the device of described utensil, be used to send request signal so that described utensil work; The remote wireless transmitter that links to each other and can operate thus with the described device that is used to send request signal; Be installed in the indicator on the described device that is used to send request signal; The long distance wireless receiver that links to each other with described indicator is used to it that operation signal is provided; Described remote wireless transmitter is programmed to after the described device that is used to send request signal is activated, sending one is unique request message to the described device that is used to send request signal, described utensil receiver is programmed to receive described request message, and when receiving described request message, make described electric actuator work, and to make described utensil transmitter send one to described remote receiver be unique affirmation message to described utensil, confirm to have received described request message, described remote receiver is after receiving acknowledge message, activate described indicator, wherein said request message comprises that one is unique address to specific utensil; Described confirmation signal comprises that also one is unique address to specific utensil, but this address is different from the address of described request message.
According to the present invention, a kind of remote-operated system that is used at least one personal hygiene utensil is provided, described personal hygiene utensil comprises: one or more in lavatory flushing valve, urine flushing valve, water tap, shower head, soap extruding device, hand dryer, the paper handkerchief withdrawal device, and described system comprises: at least one described utensil; The electric actuator relevant with each utensil is used to make utensil work; The wireless receiver relevant with each utensil, receive this utensil be unique message after, make the electric actuator work relevant with this utensil; Away from everyone sanitary apparatus but associated device is used to send request signal, so that described utensil work; Be used to send the remote wireless transmitter that the device of request signal is connected with each, it is unique request message that each wireless launcher all is programmed to send to specific utensil; CPU, comprise microprocessor, coupled wireless receiver and wireless launcher, the wireless receiver of CPU can receive the request message from all remote transmitters, the wireless launcher of CPU can send operation information to the wireless receiver of all utensils, microprocessor is programmed to receiving what specific transmitter sent, when being unique request message to the relevant appliance of this transmitter, make the transmitter of CPU send an operation information, this operation information is unique for the receiver relevant with this particular appliance, makes the electric actuator work of this particular appliance.
Other purposes will show in below manual, accompanying drawing and claims.
Description of drawings
The present invention is by following marginal data, wherein
Figure 1A, 1B and 1C have shown n single regeneration cleaning appliance and single flip flop equipment;
Fig. 2 shows a control system of a plurality of utensils that are used for the described type of Fig. 1.
The specific embodiment
At present, at most public toilets, comprise that other is located in the rest room in the communal facility, various cleaning appliances and/or current control valve duct device and make these utensils or the flip flop equipment of device work between, adopt hardwired to connect usually.More particularly, under such an enviroment, be example with the lavatory flushing valve, be to be connected between its flip flop equipment and the electric actuator by hardwired, no matter this flip flop equipment is the sensor such as infrared sensor, or this button of user's manual operation: the button of guaranteeing flushing valve work.Flushing valve can be associated with a urinal or water-closet.Similarly, also connect to come other tool of executor, such as water tap, shower head, soap extruding device, paper handkerchief withdrawal device and hand dryer with hardwired.The present invention can be applicable to above-mentioned any personal hygiene or cleaning appliance and flip flop equipment thereof, and flip flop equipment can be a sensor such as infrared sensor, also can be one by the manually operated switch of people of wanting to use this utensil.More particularly, the present invention has replaced the hardwired connection with the wireless telecommunications link.Figure 1A, 1B and 1C show is several this utensils and uses two kinds of flip flop equipments the most clear, and one is infrared sensor, and another is a button.Two kinds of flip flop equipments can both be used for any one utensil individually or simultaneously, and when using simultaneously, hand gear is used for replacing or maintenance.
The flushing valve 10 that Figure 1A shows both can be used for a urinal, also can be used for a water-closet, and this valve both can also can link to each other with local power supply with battery-operated.Flushing valve can be a United States Patent (USP) 5,168,118 and United States Patent (USP) 5,244, and the type described in 179, the ownership of two patents is all returned present patent application assignee, i.e. Illinois. park, Franklin. Si Laoan (Sloan) valve tool company.Here, patent " 118 " and " 179 " disclosed content are in the present invention involved by reference.Flushing valve 10 comprises an electric actuator, for example battery or with the solenoid (solenoid) of local power supply power supply, solenoid makes flushing valve work flow out a certain amount of water to urinal or lavatory after being encouraged.Flushing valve 10 in a preferred embodiment of the invention, comprises above-mentioned electronic excitation device, battery supply (when using battery as hope) in inside shown in Figure 1A, and a radiofrequency launcher and a radio frequency receiver.Usually, these devices are operated in the scope of 400MHz, and the general peak power that transmitter uses is 200 milliwatts, and about 200 feet operating distance also is necessary.
Relevant with receiver with flushing valve 10 and above-mentioned radiofrequency launcher is an infrared sensor 12, and this sensor is the part of irrigator valve apparatus in patent " 118 " and " 179 ", and position disclosed herein independently is to separate with flushing valve.Sensor 12 comprises a radiofrequency launcher and a radio frequency receiver equally, and it is worked in above-mentioned frequency range and above-mentioned power requirement is also arranged.These sensors can be used battery, also can link to each other with local power supply.
Also have a button electrical driver 14 simultaneously, have above-mentioned radiofrequency launcher and radio frequency receiver associated equally.Infrared sensor 12 and button 14 with relevant RF wireless device.An emitting diode indicator is also all arranged, on the infrared sensor shown in 14a 12 on the button shown in 12a.
During work, if sensor 12 detects some urinals or all people of watering privy, then after the scheduled time after the predetermined lavatory utensil of detection is unmanned, this this sensor settings program is operated flushing valve.In this example, sensor can send a no radiofrequency signal to flushing valve 10, and this signal has a special address, and this special address is corresponding with the specific flushing valve that will work.As an example, the transmitter relevant with sensor 12 can have one and activate address 100, this address is digital form both, also analog form, and numeral 100 is to illustrate for example purely here.Receiver in the flushing valve 10 is set to and receives a special address signal, receives after this address, and the flushing valve electric actuator just begins its operation cycle.At the same time, it is 105 information that the transmitter relevant with flushing valve 10 will be launched an address, is unique information of 105 and the receiver on the sensor 12 is set to receiver address only, and after receiving this information, as confirmation, make LED12a luminous.What like this, sensor action was sent to flushing valve by radiofrequency signal is the information of being scheduled to.The receiver of flushing valve is set to this information that receives only, and after this information was received, it made response to confirmation signal of sensor feedback, shows that instruction receives.
The same on device on the button 14 and the sensor 12, receiver also is the same with the address of transmitter.Therefore, button 14 can be used as the alternative of sensor, and this point is installed or very useful in when maintenance as an alternative at it.
Importantly, each utensil has a unique message, both has been used to send target instruction target word, also is used for sending and the confirmation of receipt instruction.Thereby it all is the RF frequency that frequency is about 400MHZ that flip flop equipment is connected with all communications between utensil.
Figure 1B shows the similar configuration that is used for soap extruding device and water tap operation.A bakie 16 is arranged, and is electric actuator and transmitter and the acceptor unit 18 that is used to control the operation of water tap 20 below the bakie 16.Also have a soap extruding device 22, be associated with bakie 16, this distributor also has electric actuator and transmitter, receiver.Be marked on 24 sensor and be used for the water tap place, as described in Figure 1A, existing transmitter also has receiver in its identical structure.Similarly, be fit to transmitter associated therewith and receiver are arranged equally with the sensor 26 that soap extruding device 22 uses.Indicator 24a is associated with the water tap sensor, and indicator 26a is associated with the soap extruding device sensor.
Equally, represent the address with same Serial No., then the address of water tap sensor 24 transmitters is 110, and the receiver address is 115.And the receiver address setting of water tap control module 18 is 110, and its emitter address is set at 115.Thereby, only be can communication between sensor and the tap control device between these two parts, and the both-way communication address between the two be unique.Also is the same for a soap extruding device with its sensor associated 26.Mailing address between these two parts soap extruding device hereto all is distinctive with its sensor, and therefore, when specific soap extruding device was worked, other utensils of rest room can not be worked.
Similarly, a hand dryer 30 is arranged near the bakie 16, hand dryer has a sensor 32, and sensor has a transmitter and a receiver, also has a transmitter the same with a receiver as hand dryer 30.Address between these specific wireless communications component all is distinctive for utensil and with its sensor, make hand dryer only after the receiver from sensor 30 received signals activates its electric actuator, just work, simultaneously an answer signal or acknowledge message are dealt into sensor, thereby make indicator 32a work.
Although the utensil among Figure 1B is only realized operating by infrared sensor, should be appreciated that also can be and water tap, soap extruding device hand dryer or paper handkerchief withdrawal device any one or the button or some other hand-operating device that all are associated.
Fig. 1 C shows a shower head 40, and it has an electric actuator, also has at 42 transmitter and receivers of being associated that marked.A sensor marks at 44 places, and it has an indicator 44a.The operating principle of the sensor associated shown in this utensil and Fig. 1 C is identical with the operating principle of Figure 1A and 1B.In each case, after sensor is activated, has the receiver 42 that for the shower head target message of particular address is sent to shower head.Its relevant transmitter sends one to sensor to be confirmed or answer signal, thereby makes indicator 44a luminous.These message have an address, and this address is unique to certain particular appliance and certain particular sensor, thereby can avoid other utensil that should not work malfunction to occur, also can avoid answering system to cause confusion.In whole connection, although diode displaying within the scope of the invention, can be taked ARU or affirmation as indicator equally.
Fig. 2 has shown a control panel that is used in the rest room, is equipped with in this rest room at Figure 1A, 1B and described one or more or all utensils of 1C.In the rest room of a rest room or a communal facility, a plurality of flushing valves, a plurality of soap extruding device, a plurality of paper handkerchief withdrawal device, a plurality of hand dryer, one or more shower head may be housed.These utensils shown among the figure 46, their flip flop equipment or be sensor or for switch, shown among the figure 48.The control panel that is marked on 50 places can comprise a wireless receiver 52 and a wireless launcher 54.A microprocessor 56 is arranged in the control panel, and this microprocessor can be a United States Patent (USP) 6,038, a kind of in 519 and 5,966,753, and these two patents belong to the application's assignee, i.e. Illinois. park, Franklin. Si Laoan (Sloan) valve tool company.The content of these two patent disclosures mode for referencial use is in the present invention involved.Particularly, this disclosed content provides a control system that hardwired connects, in this system, from a plurality of inputs of a plurality of utensils with from the multinomial output of microprocessor by this way hardwired to be connected various utensils be that certain sensor provides an indication, promptly ask certain specific utensil work.Microprocessor will determine whether that this starts that utensil by the data of wherein being deposited, if how long the working time is.Say that further indicated as the United States Patent (USP) 5,235,706 that belongs to Si Laoan valve tool company too, the flushing of various flushing valves can be programmed.Equally, the disclosed content of this patent is in the present invention involved by reference.Illustrated as above several United States Patent (USP)s, microprocessor 56 is designed to control a plurality of personal hygienes or cleaning appliance, these utensils are positioned at certain particular place, are that lead by physical connection sensor, control panel and utensil itself is connected and realizes with the communication of these utensils.System shown in Figure 2 provides the controlled in wireless between sensor, control panel and utensil 46.Further, it can use affirmation or the answering system of Figure 1A, 1B, 1C.More particularly, above any or whole utensils described in the figure, or a plurality of this utensil can send and be received the radio that device 52 is received.Because address or utensil destination that these signals are had nothing in common with each other, this information can be imported processor into, and processor will be fulfiled the operation function associated with this utensil.
As an example, after receiver 52 is being received a wireless signal, microprocessor 56 will determine which address sent request, indicate transmitter 54 to send a confirmation signal then to that specific sensor or button, can be to receive in this case in the specific request of predetermined Address Confirmation particular appliance work.
The microprocessor that program is equipped with in inside will determine whether this utensil should work, if work how long.For example, if disclosed in patent " 706 ", the quantity of the flushing valve of working simultaneously is limited, and microprocessor can postpone the operation of one or more flushing valves so.Further say, under the environment of a communal facility,, may wish to allow the operation of urinal or water-closet be undertaken by predefined program for fear of artificial destruction, rather than allow they each an operation requests just work once.
If want to allow certain utensil work, transmitter 54 will send a signal to the receiver that is associated with that utensil.Receiver provides an answer signal as shown in Figure 1A, 1B, the 1C.This particular appliance, soap extruding device, shower head, paper handkerchief withdrawal device, water tap or flushing valve, the preset time of will working, this time is that this address can be finished for its operation by microprocessor.
Each utensil has a specific address, and this address can be by little processing and identification.Each answer signal is specific to a utensil, and passes to the different of control panel 50 at first address and this utensil of the answer signal of sensor.
What illustrate here and describe only is a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, will be appreciated that the present invention can have multiple modification, replacement or change.
Claims (20)
1, a kind of system that is used for operated from a distance personal hygiene utensil, described utensil is in lavatory flushing valve, urinal flushing valve, water tap, shower head, soap extruding device, hand dryer, the paper handkerchief withdrawal device, described system comprises: described utensil; Be used to control the electric actuator of described utensil work; The utensil wireless receiver that is electrically connected with described electric actuator, be used for providing activation signal to it; The utensil wireless launcher that links to each other with described utensil wireless receiver;
Away from the device of described utensil, be used to send request signal so that described utensil work; The remote wireless transmitter that links to each other and can operate thus with the described device that is used to send request signal; Be installed in the indicator on the described device that is used to send request signal; The long distance wireless receiver that links to each other with described indicator is used to it that operation signal is provided;
Described remote wireless transmitter is programmed to after the described device that is used to send request signal is activated, sending one is unique request message to the described device that is used to send request signal, described utensil receiver is programmed to receive described request message, and when receiving described request message, make described electric actuator work, and to make described utensil transmitter send one to described remote receiver be unique affirmation message to described utensil, confirm to have received described request message, described remote receiver is after receiving acknowledge message, activate described indicator
Wherein said request message comprises that one is unique address to specific utensil; Described confirmation signal comprises that also one is unique address to specific utensil, but this address is different from the address of described request message.
2, the system as claimed in claim 1, the described device that wherein is used to send request signal comprises infrared sensor.
3, the system as claimed in claim 1, the described device that wherein is used to send request signal comprises the switch of manual activation.
4, the system as claimed in claim 1, the described device that wherein is used to take place request signal comprises infrared sensor and the switch that manually activates.
5, the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said utensil are the flushing valves that is used to operate urinal that is connected.
6, the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said utensil are the flushing valves that is used to operate water-closet that is connected.
7, the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said utensil is a water tap.
8, the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said utensil is a soap extruding device.
9, the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said utensil is a shower head.
10, the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said utensil are paper handkerchief withdrawal devices.
11, the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said utensil is a hand dryer.
12, the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said indicator is a light emitting diode.
13, a kind of remote-operated system that is used at least one personal hygiene utensil, described personal hygiene utensil comprises: one or more in lavatory flushing valve, urine flushing valve, water tap, shower head, soap extruding device, hand dryer, the paper handkerchief withdrawal device, and described system comprises: at least one described utensil; The electric actuator relevant with each utensil is used to make utensil work; The wireless receiver relevant with each utensil, receive this utensil be unique message after, make the electric actuator work relevant with this utensil;
Away from everyone sanitary apparatus but associated device is used to send request signal, so that described utensil work; Be used to send the remote wireless transmitter that the device of request signal is connected with each, it is unique request message that each wireless launcher all is programmed to send to specific utensil;
CPU, comprise microprocessor, coupled wireless receiver and wireless launcher, the wireless receiver of CPU can receive the request message from all remote transmitters, the wireless launcher of CPU can send operation information to the wireless receiver of all utensils, microprocessor is programmed to receiving what specific transmitter sent, when being unique request message to the relevant appliance of this transmitter, make the transmitter of CPU send an operation information, this operation information is unique for the receiver relevant with this particular appliance, makes the electric actuator work of this particular appliance.
14, system as claimed in claim 13 wherein comprises infrared sensor away from the described device that utensil sends request signal.
15, system as claimed in claim 13, wherein the described device that sends request signal away from utensil comprises the switch of manual activation.
16, system as claimed in claim 13, wherein the described device that sends request signal away from utensil comprises infrared sensor and the switch that manually activates.
17, system as claimed in claim 13, wherein each request message all comprises an address, and this address is unique to specific utensil, and each operation information all comprises an address, this address is unique to specific utensil, but is different from the address of the request message of this utensil.
18, system as claimed in claim 13, wherein each device that is used to send request signal all comprises a wireless receiver, each device that is used to send request signal all has an associated indicator, this indicator can be by relevant wireless receiver control work, the receiver of CPU is after receiving request message, make microprocessor send acknowledge message to the receiver of that device that is used to send request signal that causes sending request message, receive acknowledge message indicator is started working by the transmitter of CPU.
19, system as claimed in claim 18, wherein each utensil all has a wireless launcher, after the wireless receiver of utensil was received operation information, this wireless receiver made the wireless launcher of utensil send an acknowledge message to the receiver of CPU.
20, system as claimed in claim 18, wherein each indicator is a light emitting diode.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01142482 CN1270036C (en) | 2001-11-30 | 2001-11-30 | Long-distance operating system for personal sanitary or cleaning utensil |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01142482 CN1270036C (en) | 2001-11-30 | 2001-11-30 | Long-distance operating system for personal sanitary or cleaning utensil |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1421577A CN1421577A (en) | 2003-06-04 |
| CN1270036C true CN1270036C (en) | 2006-08-16 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01142482 Expired - Lifetime CN1270036C (en) | 2001-11-30 | 2001-11-30 | Long-distance operating system for personal sanitary or cleaning utensil |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1270036C (en) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6964405B2 (en) * | 2004-03-18 | 2005-11-15 | Sloan Valve Company | System and method for improved installation and control of concealed plumbing flush valves |
| BRPI0500754A (en) * | 2005-02-18 | 2006-09-26 | Claudio Orlandi Lasso | enhancements introduced in remote controlled microcontrolled electronic shower |
| CN200961291Y (en) * | 2006-06-08 | 2007-10-17 | 上海澳柯林水暖器材有限公司 | Automatic induction system of induction tool for cleaning |
| CN1888334B (en) | 2006-06-08 | 2010-05-12 | 上海科勒电子科技有限公司 | Application method for infrared communication in automatic inducting sanitary ware |
| WO2008046070A2 (en) * | 2006-10-13 | 2008-04-17 | Sloan Valve Company | Programmable automatic flushometer |
| CN101265719B (en) * | 2008-04-30 | 2010-04-21 | 上海科勒电子科技有限公司 | Automatic flushing control apparatus and control method |
| CN101872179A (en) * | 2009-04-24 | 2010-10-27 | 邓树培 | Remote monitoring method for toilet appliance |
| WO2011094455A1 (en) * | 2010-02-01 | 2011-08-04 | Hanna Kenneth S | Systems and methods for a programmable shower interface |
| US9265384B2 (en) * | 2013-01-16 | 2016-02-23 | Gojo Industries, Inc. | Point-of-care compliance module |
| AU2018348392B2 (en) | 2017-10-09 | 2022-01-27 | Viega Technology Gmbh & Co. Kg | Drinking water supply system with drinking water quality monitoring function, method for controlling same, and computer program |
| WO2020028798A1 (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2020-02-06 | As America, Inc. | Connected sanitaryware systems and methods |
-
2001
- 2001-11-30 CN CN 01142482 patent/CN1270036C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
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|---|---|
| CN1421577A (en) | 2003-06-04 |
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Granted publication date: 20060816 |