CN1269334A - Simultaneous sludge dewatering and stabilizing ecological technology for sewage treatment plant - Google Patents

Abstract

An ecological filtering pond integrating concentration, drying and stabilization into one whole is characterized by that it utilizes high-level plant root hole-microbe combined method to form active composite filtering pond material, and the sludge can be concentrated, dewatered and dried by means of root hole and filter cake, and can be decomposed for a long period by means of microbe so as to obtain stabilization. The ecological root hole can retain height of filtering pond and its thickness and will not become blocked. After having been treated by means of said filtering pond, the water content of sludge can be reduced to 55-65% from 97-99% and the organic matter can be decomposed by avove 55%. Said invention is simple in operation and low in cost. Said ecological pond is green area, and its installation is sanitary.

Description

A kind of ecotechnology that sludge of sewage treatment plant dehydration and stabilization are carried out simultaneously

The invention belongs to water, waste water, sewage or the mud of field of environment engineering technology processing (C02F11/02, C02F3/32).

In China, the sewage work of various scales builds on a large scale.Sewage work transfers to solid phase to pollutent from water, has produced a large amount of mud.Because lack the technology of operation funds and suitable China's national situation, stabilization treatment is not done to mud by many sewage works, only flocculates and mechanical dehydration, carry out landfill then and dispose.The sewage disposal station-service utmost point primary method that also has is disposed, and causes plant area's foul smell very big, and severe contamination underground water.According to " national waste pollution environment is prevented therapy " and " national Hazardous wastes register ", sludge of sewage treatment plant must obtain handling and disposing.

The method of at present relevant sludge treatment, disposal has following a few class:

1) dehydration technique and device.Mainly be to concentrate and adding on the basis of flocculation agent, with pressing

Filter is oppressed dehydration or is dewatered with the whizzer high speed centrifugation.

2) sludge stabilizing technology.Mainly contain the aerobic oxidation method, composting process, high temperature anaerobic disappears

The change method, the anaeration in normal temperature digestion method.

3) sludge incineration technology.The mud that has dewatered refuel in incinerator burnt incinerate.

In the above-mentioned technology, aerobic oxidation mud stabilization technique and incineration technology cost are very expensive, use yet seldom in developed country, and China can not adopt in the recent period.China adopts anaerobic digestion techniques in the factory of mud mostly, but most treatment plant solves badly, and the biogas generation is low and unstable.Odjective causes such as this is economy and technical study condition restriction on the one hand, also has inorganic content height in China's mud, and the sludge components change is big.Carried out making the research of compost and composite fertilizer in recent years of mud.The composting process effect is better, but because of being that the thickening high cost is handled on the basis and carried out in traditional factory, so cost is higher.

Since China's patent is recovered application, existing many patent applications (seeing the appendix that this explanation is last) about sludge treatment and utilization.Wherein dehydration all is to carry out with mechanical means, and stabilization has anaerobic digestion and composting process.To mud dewater and the simultaneously treated technology of stabilization also do not have.With yet not having of this structure of ecological filter and method.This invention belongs to our initiative.

It is with low cost to dispose of sewage with ecotechnology, relatively is fit to the economic level of current China.China just begins one's study from early eighties, handles in the soil, and oxidation pond, wetland processing aspect achievement is good, the design manual of existing typing.But because the transmission of oxygen at the aqueous vapor interface relies on natural mode, cause reoxygenation speed very low in most of water treatment ecotechnologys, therefore require very big land area.And China arable land is very short, has limited its development.

Ecological filter is the novel ecological technology of carrying out sludge dewatering and stabilization, and its collection concentrates, mummification, the stable one that turns to.Because do not relate to reoxygenation, so littler than other ecotechnology floor space; Calculate by long-time running is conservative, 2.5 tons in moisture 97% mud can be handled day in every mu of filter tank, is the product sludge quantity of 670 tons of typical sewage.It is polluted underground water not, does not have bad smell.The bare bones of ecological filter technology is to utilize higher plant root hole-aerobic microbiological-anaerobion bonded method to form an active Compound filter pool material.The mud of moisture 97-99% intermittently but constantly be added on reed-ecological filter through cake filtration, water is by the root hole water conservancy diversion and plant absorbing is rising reduces.Constantly the heap height is to 1.8-2 rice on ecological filter for mud, and organism tentatively decomposes through aerobic microbiological, and the back digests for a long time through anaerobion in the filter tank, becomes a loose mud to make fertilizer with can be used for agricultural.Some is similar to the reed bed that is used for sewage disposal on external form for this technology, also belongs to ecotechnology together, but processing intent, water (flow) direction is different fully with operation scheme.

According to our small test PRELIMINARY RESULTS, sludge dewatering and stabilization ecological filter technology have the following advantages: 1. remarkable advantage is that expense is low.Because saved concentration basin, digester, the dehydration machine room, the boiler house, biogas cabinet and the tipper that need take for a long time, the capital construction of sludge dewatering ecological filter and working cost are very low.2. maintenance needs the labour few, and the root hole ecological filter can guarantee that under normal management high thickness filtering layer does not stop up for a long time.3. need land area to lack than general Ecological Disposal technology, many middle-size and small-size Sewage Plant location can be accepted.4. mud was stacked in the filter tank after half a year, and wherein the organism degradable 50%, reaches stabilization.5. health is set, does not have stink substantially, do not grow mosquitos and flies, not polluted underground water.6. be fit to the most of local climate of China.7. can adapt to the big variation of sludge loading.Mud can be concentrated transportation, and freight charges are reduced.8. good to parasitic ovum in the mud and pathogenic bacteria killing action.Some poisonous substance had certain detoxification.9. ecological filter is the greenery patches, and view is good.

The present invention is a kind of cheapness, the sludge dewatering and the stabilization technology of health, safety.Its technical characterictic is to utilize higher plant root hole-aerobic microbiological-anaerobion bonded method to form an active Compound filter pool material.Mud is concentrated by root hole-filter cake, dehydration and mummification; Tentatively decompose through aerobic microbiological, the back digests for a long time through anaerobion in the filter tank.The basic building block of root hole ecological filter is soil, stone, plant, microorganism, small amount of cement member, water pump etc.Higher plant is with reed or other waterplant.Ecological root foramen has magical function, can keep the filter tank not stop up for a long time under normal management.Because it is more abundant that organism decomposes, dehydrating effect is bigger than filter press technique, and solid mud decomposes for a long time through microorganism, and character improves, and poisonous substance is further removed, and can finally become the fertilizer that can be applied to agricultural ground.The technology application market is analyzed

The climax of national just sewage work construction is estimated will invest 1,000 hundred million yuan and is built large, medium and small sewage work before 2010 at present.Sludge treatment and disposal have become the hard nut to crack of each city public works department, and they have the strong desire of employing new technology.Sludge treatment partly is about 40% of gross investment, if wherein 10% adopt sludge dewatering ecological filter technology, saves 50% expense according to capital construction, and operation is saved 70% expense and calculated, and can save 2,000,000,000 yuan of capital costs altogether, after building up, can save 400,000,000 yuan of running costs every year.The sludge dewatering ecological filter is close with sludge drying bed on operation method.But it has been exempted drying bed and has often stopped up, the cleaning difficulty, and sanitary condition difference and mud do not have shortcomings such as stabilization.Therefore easily by the managerial personnel of sewage work and design engineer's acceptance and approval.The technology application market is huge.

Unique distinction of the present invention is: (1) utilizes the root hole of high waterplant, forms nonclogging filtering layer alive on the top of ordinary filter.(2) ecological filter can constantly add active sludge, digested sludge or raw sludge.(3) then form new filter cake after the sludge dewatering, filtering layer can be thickeied 1.8-2.0 rice, and further mummification is then removed at last.(4) mud is accumulated in the filter tank and is stacked 6-9, thereby reaches stabilization.

Embodiment 1:

Outdoorly in Beijing institute of Ecological Environment Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences build 8 experimental ecological filters.Long 2.0 meters of each filter tank, wide 1.0 meters, dark 1.6 meters.Water vent is arranged at the bottom of the pond, and filtrate is arranged to water drain, fills out sandstone to 0.8 in the pond meter as Fig. 1.Plant reed in the sand, reed is high 1 meter, density be the 40-50 strain/square metre.In the pond, add Beijing sewage work preliminary sedimentation tank mixing sludge (raw sludge and excess sludge mix) during experiment.This mud is moisture 97%, and organic content multiple averaging is 41% in the solid.Mud is added in one jiao in filter tank, and mud is gone up the tiling of flowing at sandstone filtering layer (being dewatered sludge afterwards).Per week adds once, and each humidification mud thickness is 0.02-0.10 rice, and annual cumulative part dewatered sludge is that 0.1-0.3 rice is thick.Stop mud and add the back different time, processing variation result such as the table 1 of mud in ecological filter:

Component content	Primary sludge	After 48 hours	After 3 months	After 7 months
					Water content (%)	????97	????80	??70.8	??46.5
Organism amount (%) in the solid	????41	????41	??28.7	??24.6

With the constant calculating of inorganics total amount in the solid, originally the organism in the mud has decomposed 42% later at 3 months, has decomposed 53% later at 7 months.Embodiment 2:

The applicant has carried out carrying out with ecological filter the comparative studies of sludge treatment for north, Beijing river sewage work.North river sewage work is in north, the Asian Games Village, Beijing.40,000 tons of its day processing sanitary sewages adopt Activated Sludge Process, 150 tons in the mud of day generation water ratio 97%, and VSS accounts for 42% of total SS.Original design mud district comprises concentration basin (2), one-level digester (2), secondary digester (1), dehydration machine room (1), boiler (1), biogas cabinet (1), mud conveying pipeline, mummifying pool (0.7 hectare), tipper (2).Totally 1,600 ten thousand yuan of initial cost is taken up an area of 2.7 hectares (40 mus).Overall operational cost annual 2200000 (comprising 25 of staff, 6 tons of flocculation agents).As use the root hole ecological filter instead, only need 5 hectares in filter tank (75 mu), one of storage basin (300 tons), 2 of pumping plants, and mud conveying pipeline.6,000,000 yuan of initial costs, annual 600000 (7 of the staff) of overall operational cost mainly are.Stable mud is concentrated in autumn and is removed, and makees fertilizer with transporting to agricultural, utilizes society's transportation strength to carry out.Appendix

In recent years, the patent of application Chinese patent or relevant sludge dewatering of getting permission to authorize and stabilization has as follows.

Carry out the patent of sludge dewatering:

[89104355] mud air supporting concentration device, [90107755] mud dewatering method after the sewage disposal such as printing and dyeing, [90225929] thickened sludge compression dewatering unit, [90225483] a kind of sludge filtration drying device, [92205317] has the sewage sludge treatment unit of high pressure and high vacuum, [93119068] sludge dewatering equipment and sludge treatment method thereof, [94192481] method and apparatus of sludge-drying, [94211468] sludge dewatering equipment, [94216369] pressure charged two filtering bands sludge dewatering equipment gradually, [95101760] sludge dewatering extrusion machine and sludge treatment method.

Carry out the patent of sludge stabilizing:

[94113963] mud normal temperature acidification hydrolization-three-phase biologic treatment process.

Carry out the patent of mud utilization of waste material and burning:

[86101176] a kind of sludge treatment method, [89105162] do the moulded coal of tamanori with biochemical sludge, [92103704] briquettes with sludge of making of biochemical sludge, [93101893] partial oxidation of sewage sludge, [93121185] industrial poison sewage or mud fluidized bed incinerating method for treatment, [94112288] active sludge briquet and preparing process thereof, [95101220] produce the method for garbage ceramsites and sludge ceramsite, and [95118484] flyash, garbage and mud do not have the useless method of utilizing comprehensively.

Carry out the patent of sludge disinfection:

[93103530] processing of sewage sludge, the method and apparatus of [95119643] sewage sludge, sludge dewatering and sewage water treatment method and device thereof under [96103773] electro ultrafiltration.

Carry out sludge stabilizing and the ecological patent of utilizing:

[94105972] method of producing highly efficient granular organic fertilizer with municipal sludge, ight soil, [94106902] production plant nutrition bundle or particulate method and apparatus from sewage sludge, [94111528] a kind of technology and specific equipment thereof that utilizes solid life refuse in city to produce organic compost, [95119643] city sewage and sludge does not have useless utilize systematic engineering method, [96122252] mud or algae-residue compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof comprehensively.

Claims (5)

1 one kinds of ecotechnologys that are used for sludge of sewage treatment plant dehydration and stabilization.It is characterized in that (1) sludge dewatering and stabilization carry out simultaneously.(2) utilize the root hole of high waterplant, form nonclogging filtering layer alive on the top of ordinary filter.(3) ecological filter can constantly add active sludge, digested sludge or raw sludge.(4) then form new filter cake after the sludge dewatering, filtering layer can be thickeied 1.6-2.0 rice, and further mummification is then removed at last.(5) mud is accumulated in the filter tank and is stacked 7-10, thereby reaches stabilization.

Treatment technology described in 2 as 1, the structure of ecological filter is: bottommost is plastic leakage-proof layer and water shoot, is the thick sandstone filtrate of 50-70cm it on, on is to deposit and the sludge blanket of part mummification.Plantation reed or other resistant waterplant on the sandstone filtrate, density is the 30-60 strain.Form root hole between reed rhizome and the filtrate/mud, water is passed through and filter.A small amount of percolate sends back to sewage work with pipeline to be handled or handles with additive method near ecological filter.

Treatment technology described in 3 as 1 can be handled active sludge, digested sludge or raw sludge.The mud source can be the municipal sewage plant, the waterworks algae-residue, and industrial sewage treatment plant, based on the useless slurry of biological particles, lake, river dredging mud, or other mud.

Treatment technology described in 4 as 1, a side of ecological filter is mud distribution piping or canal, this pipe or canal are higher than sandstone filtrate top layer more than 2 meters, or are higher than 0.5 meter of filter material layer and can upwards promote.During use, disperse mud on the sandstone filtering layer, once adding mud thickness is 0.03-0.10 rice, and annual cumulative part dewatered sludge is that 0.1-0.3 rice is thick.Annual January daily mean temperature be lower than-8 degrees centigrade place, the operation that available method of building plastic greenhouse keeps ecological filter.

Treatment technology described in 5 as 1 moves 6 to 9 years, after the mud accumulation reaches 1.8-2 rice, stops to add mud.Make mud complete stabilityization and further mummification.At this moment, the area of heavy rainfull will add draughty rain shade.Mummification 6 months treats that sludge moisture content reduces to global purge behind the 55-65%.This moment, organism had 55-60% to be decomposed, can be used as fertilizer, but as the too high then brickmaking of heavy metal content.

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