CN112010684A

CN112010684A - Organic garbage treatment process based on full-ecological coupling method

Info

Publication number: CN112010684A
Application number: CN202010923044.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 姚兴基; 胡军; 吴春梅
Original assignee: Shenzhen Hss Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Hss Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-09-04
Filing date: 2020-09-04
Publication date: 2020-12-01

Abstract

The invention provides an organic garbage treatment process based on a full ecological coupling method, which comprises the following steps of S1, removing non-degradable fixed impurities in organic garbage; s2, crushing and breaking the walls of the organic garbage after the fixed impurities are removed to obtain slurry; s3, adding filter aid and pure natural plant extraction flocculant into the obtained pulp, and then carrying out solid-liquid separation treatment to remove water in the pulp to obtain dry materials; s4, fermenting the dry materials to prepare the fertilizer. The process of the invention does not produce secondary pollution of waste water and waste gas after the organic garbage is treated, the treated organic garbage generates organic fertilizer, the waste water can be used for greening irrigation after being purified, and the waste gas is free of any peculiar smell after being purified, thereby achieving real green harmless treatment. The equipment occupies less land, has high automation degree and low processing cost, and has great market competitive advantage.

Description

Organic garbage treatment process based on full-ecological coupling method

Technical Field

The invention relates to an organic garbage treatment process based on a full ecological coupling method.

Background

The perishable organic garbage is the most common waste generated in daily life of cities, the main components of the perishable organic garbage comprise starch food, plant fiber, animal protein, fat and other organic matters, and the perishable organic garbage has the characteristics of high moisture content, high oil and salt content, easiness in rotting and smelling, inconvenience for transportation of a common garbage truck and the like.

With the rapid development of the national economy, the urbanization process is gradually accelerated, the yield of the perishable organic wastes tends to rise year by year, and if the wastes are not specially treated, the wastes can cause great harm to the environment.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides an organic garbage treatment process based on a full ecological coupling method, which comprises the following steps:

s1, separating the fixed impurities which are not degradable in the organic garbage;

s2, crushing and breaking the walls of the organic garbage after the separation and fixation of the impurities to obtain slurry;

s3, adding filter aid and pure natural plant extraction flocculant into the obtained pulp, and then carrying out solid-liquid separation treatment to remove water in the pulp to obtain dry materials;

s4, fermenting the dry materials to prepare the fertilizer.

Further, in S1, the following process is performed:

the organic garbage is poured into a sorting platform by adopting a lifter, and nondegradable solid impurities are separated from the organic garbage by the sorting platform, wherein the solid impurities comprise soil blocks, stones, iron blocks, broken ceramic chips, chemical fiber boards and plastic bags.

Further, in S2, the following process is performed:

the organic garbage after separating and fixing impurities is sent into the crushing and wall breaking integrated machine through a chain plate type conveying belt, and the organic garbage is crushed and broken in the crushing and wall breaking integrated machine to obtain flowing slurry.

Further, in S3, the following process is performed:

the slurry obtained after crushing and wall breaking automatically flows into a stirring tank, and then a filter aid capable of enhancing water permeability is added into the stirring tank, wherein the addition amount of the filter aid and the mass ratio of the slurry range from 0.1% to 1%, and the filter aid can be one of pure natural medical stone powder, zeolite powder and diatomite; then, adding a pure natural plant extraction flocculant into the stirring tank, wherein the mass ratio of the addition amount of the pure natural plant extraction flocculant to the pulp is 0.05-0.1%; adding filter aid and pure natural plant flocculant to the pulp, pumping the pulp into a solid-liquid separator by a pulp delivery pump for solid-liquid separation, and separating out most of free water of the pulp to obtain dry materials.

Further, in S4, the following process is performed:

the dehydrated dry materials are sent into a fertilizer making machine by a screw conveyor, the dry materials are subjected to microbial fermentation in the fertilizer making machine, the fermentation temperature range is 55-65 degrees, the fermentation time range is 6-24 hours, hot air is introduced during fermentation, the temperature of the hot air is over 60 degrees, the hot air is mixed with water vapor and volatile organic compounds generated by the fertilizer making machine to form waste heat gas, and the waste heat gas is taken away from the fertilizer making machine, so that the dual effects of drying and oxygenating the materials are achieved.

Further, the steps of the organic waste treatment process further include S5;

s5: the waste hot gas is introduced into the waste gas treatment system, and the waste hot gas is biologically deodorized in the waste gas treatment system through the integrated biological deodorization device, is photolyzed through the integrated UV deodorization device, and is discharged after being adsorbed by activated carbon to reach the standard.

Further, the steps of the organic waste treatment process further include S6;

s6, introducing the solid impurities which are not degradable in the organic garbage, the organic garbage in the process of crushing and breaking the walls and the wastewater generated by solid-liquid separation into a wastewater purification system for purification treatment.

Further, in S6, the following process is performed:

the waste water generated in the process of removing the non-degradable fixed impurities in the organic garbage and breaking the walls of the organic garbage by crushing automatically flows into a waste water adjusting tank, then pumping the waste water into a screw stacking machine through a first lifting pump, adding a filter aid and a natural flocculating agent into the screw stacking machine, squeezing the waste water to obtain press slag and squeezed water, preparing fertilizer from the obtained press slag in a fertilizer preparation machine, collecting the squeezed water in a first intermediate tank, and then, the second lift pump is pumped into micro-nano air flotation device with pressing water, further gets rid of suspended solid and grease, gets into the middle pond of second through the water of getting rid of suspended solid and grease, and the third lift pump is gone into high-efficient biochemical reactor with the middle pond normal water pump of second, through the combined biochemical treatment of anaerobism aerobic nature, gets rid of behind most organic pollutant and pumps into to resistant stifled ultrafiltration device of pollution through the multi-function pump and carry out filtration treatment, and the water that filters flows into the plant purification system certainly purifies the difficult organic matter of low concentration in the water further.

Further, the integrated biological deodorization device carries out deodorization processes as follows:

a large amount of activated sludge-containing wastewater in the wastewater treatment system passes through the sewage blocking ultrafiltration device through the multifunctional pump to form spray water, the spray water is sprayed and quickly adsorbed on waste gas in the integrated biological deodorization device, and the wastewater after being sprayed and adsorbed immediately flows back to the wastewater purification treatment system for purification treatment.

Has the advantages that: the process of the invention does not produce secondary pollution of waste water and waste gas after the organic garbage is treated, the treated organic garbage generates organic fertilizer, the waste water can be used for greening irrigation after being purified, and the waste gas is free of any peculiar smell after being purified, thereby achieving real green harmless treatment. The equipment occupies less land, has high automation degree and low processing cost, and has great market competitive advantage.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the organic waste treatment process of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart showing the process of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the process for treating waste water and waste gas in the organic waste treatment process of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an organic waste treatment process based on a full ecological coupling method comprises the following steps:

specifically, in S1, the organic waste is dumped into a sorting platform by a hoist, and the non-degradable solid impurities such as soil blocks, stones, iron blocks, broken ceramic pieces, fiber-dissolving plates and plastic bags are separated from the organic waste by the sorting platform;

specifically, in S2, the organic waste after separation and fixation of impurities is conveyed to the crushing and wall-breaking integrated machine through a chain plate conveyor belt, and the organic waste is crushed and wall-broken in the crushing and wall-breaking integrated machine to obtain a flowing slurry.

Because the organic garbage has high water content and high water content, the subsequent fermentation is adversely affected, the fermentation effect is poor, the fermentation time is long, and the energy consumption of dry materials is high, in order to solve the technical problems, the garbage tissue and cells are crushed by adopting the crushing and wall breaking integrated machine, so that the water immobilized by the cells is changed into free water, and the garbage can be more easily separated from the materials and is prepared for the subsequent dewatering.

Further, in the broken wall processing process, need select the broken wall mode according to the rubbish classification of handling, the broken wall mode is mainly the physical broken wall, like mechanical breakage, also can adopt high temperature high pressure broken wall, and special case can also adopt biological enzyme broken wall and chemical broken wall.

specifically, the slurry obtained after crushing and wall breaking automatically flows into a stirring tank, and then a filter aid capable of enhancing water permeability is added into the stirring tank, preferably, the addition amount of the filter aid is 0.1-1% of the mass ratio of the slurry, and the filter aid can be one of pure natural medical stone powder, zeolite powder and diatomite; the filter aid is added, so that on one hand, the water permeability of materials in the slurry can be improved, and on the other hand, a large amount of trace elements can be provided, and the subsequent fermentation and fertilizer preparation are facilitated; then, adding a pure natural plant extraction flocculant into the stirring tank, wherein the mass ratio of the addition amount of the pure natural plant extraction flocculant to the pulp is 0.05-0.1%; the water permeability of the material can be further improved by adding the pure natural plant extraction flocculant; when the filter aid and the pure natural plant extraction flocculant are added into the pulp, the pulp is pumped into a solid-liquid separator through a pulp delivery pump for solid-liquid separation, and most of free water of the pulp is separated to obtain dry materials.

S3 shows that after the organic garbage is subjected to crushing and wall breaking treatment, a large amount of free water exists, the free water is removed through a solid-liquid separator to dry the materials, and then the materials directly enter a fermentation process.

Furthermore, in the solid-liquid separation treatment process, an appropriate solid-liquid separation mode needs to be selected according to the type of the garbage, and the solid-liquid separation mode mainly comprises plate-frame filter pressing filtration, high-speed centrifugal filtration and belt filtration. The treatment efficiency can be greatly improved by selecting a proper solid-liquid separation mode, and preferably, the solid-liquid separation mode adopted in the invention is double-diaphragm high-pressure plate-frame filtration, and the mode has the characteristics of high treatment speed, high dehydration rate, full automation, high temperature resistance and less maintenance.

S4, fermenting the dry materials to prepare the fertilizer.

Specifically, the dehydrated dry materials are conveyed into a fertilizer making machine by a screw conveyor, the dry materials are subjected to microbial fermentation in the fertilizer making machine, preferably, the microbes comprise bacillus subtilis, bacillus natto, high-temperature monad, streptomyces coelicolor, lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus aceticus, saccharomyces cerevisiae, pichia pastoris, aroma-producing yeast, rhizopus chinensis, rhizopus oryzae and mucor india, and preferably, the number ratio of all strains is 1: 1: 1: 1: 1: 1: 1: 1: 1: 1: 1:1, the mass ratio of the microorganisms to the dry materials is 1:100, the fermentation temperature range is 55-65 degrees, the fermentation time range is 6-24 hours, hot air is introduced during fermentation, the temperature of the hot air is over 60 degrees, the hot air is mixed with water vapor and volatile organic compounds generated by a fertilizer making machine to form waste hot gas, and the waste hot gas is taken away from the fertilizer making machine, so that the dual effects of drying the materials and increasing oxygen are achieved.

In the invention, the fermentation treatment process utilizes a high-temperature solid fermentation technology, so that the fermentation temperature is stabilized at 55-65 ℃ for a long time, the water content of the material is kept at about 60%, and high-concentration high-temperature-resistant special strains are artificially added under the condition of the optimal water content, and are continuously ventilated and stirred simultaneously, so that the fermentation decomposition speed of the dry material is accelerated, generally speaking, the normal-temperature fermentation takes 60-90 days, but the fermentation can be completed in only 6 hours by adopting the fermentation technology of the invention, the treatment efficiency is greatly improved, and the occupied area is very small. Has very good practical value under the condition of lack of urban space.

Further, the steps of the organic waste treatment process further include S5;

s5: the waste hot gas is introduced into a waste gas treatment system, the waste hot gas is biologically deodorized in the integrated waste gas treatment system by an integrated biological deodorization device, is photolyzed by an integrated UV deodorization device, is adsorbed by activated carbon and then is discharged up to the standard, as shown in figure 3,

further, the steps of the organic waste treatment process further include S6;

s6, introducing the waste water generated in the process of removing the non-degradable fixed impurities in the organic garbage, the process of crushing and breaking the walls of the organic garbage and the solid-liquid separation into a waste water purification system for purification treatment;

specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the wastewater generated in the process of removing the non-degradable fixed impurities in the organic garbage and breaking the walls of the organic garbage flows into a wastewater adjusting tank, then is pumped into a screw lamination machine through a first lifting pump, the wastewater is added with a filter aid and a natural flocculant in the screw lamination machine and is squeezed to obtain press slag and squeezed water, the obtained press slag is used for preparing fertilizer in a fertilizer preparation machine, the squeezed water is collected in a first intermediate tank, then the squeezed water is pumped into a micro-nano air floatation device through a second lifting pump to further remove suspended matters and grease, the water from which the suspended matters and the grease are removed enters a second intermediate tank, the water in the second intermediate tank is pumped into a high-efficiency biochemical reactor through a third lifting pump, is subjected to anaerobic and aerobic combined biochemical treatment, is pumped into a stain-resistant and blocking ultrafiltration device through a multifunctional pump after most of organic pollutants are removed to be filtered, and the filtered water flows into a plant purification system to further purify low-concentration refractory organics in the water, meanwhile, the desalting function is realized, and the high-efficiency plants can efficiently purify pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen, phosphate and the like in the wastewater, so that the wastewater can be directly used for greening water or ground flushing water and can also be reused for pulping and supplementing water.

In the invention, the high-efficiency biochemical reactor combines external MBR membrane, jet aeration, secondary mixing, high-speed internal circulation and three-phase separation technology, and has the characteristics of small volume, convenient maintenance, high oxygen utilization rate, energy conservation and environmental protection.

Specifically, the external MBR membrane is adopted, so that the sewage and the activated sludge can be efficiently separated, the treatment is efficient and rapid, the volume of the reactor is greatly reduced, and the equipment investment is greatly reduced. The gas source adopts an oxygen generator to generate high-purity oxygen, so that the required gas is greatly reduced by about 25% of the volume of the air when the same oxygen increasing amount is achieved, and the energy consumption of jet mixing is greatly reduced. The oxygen increasing adopts a jet flow mixing technology, the jet flow mixing has the advantages that the gas and the liquid are fully mixed, the bubbles are small, the activated sludge can efficiently utilize the oxygen, the oxygen utilization rate of the conventional aeration mode is only about 20 percent, the oxygen utilization rate can reach more than 80 percent by adopting the mixed reaction system, and the energy consumption required by oxygen supply is greatly reduced. The circulating pump filters waste water, and sewage backward flow, and waste gas sprays three functions and unites into one, has reduced the energy consumption, has reduced water pump quantity, has simplified technology, and the system is more stable high-efficient simultaneously.

The utilization of plants for purifying sewage is a mature sewage treatment technology in the prior art, wherein the most widely applied technology is an artificial wetland technology. However, the sewage purification technology in the prior art has the defects of large occupied area, various plant types and related planting materials and equipment, most plants are influenced by seasons, and the purification effect is correspondingly influenced by the seasons. In order to overcome the defects, the invention provides a novel plant-four-season cress cultivated on water surface. It has the following advantages:

the method has the advantages that soil is not needed in soilless culture on the water surface, the water surface to be purified is directly planted on the water surface through the floating bed, and process operation and management are simple.

And the four-season cress can resist high temperature and low temperature, and can be planted and grown all the year round. Is not affected by seasons and regions.

The fertilizer can resist various bad water quality, resist high ammonia, has high growth speed and high yield, and can produce more than thirty thousand jin per mu in the south, the root system is very developed, and the purification efficiency is high.

And fourthly, planting once and harvesting for many years.

The harvested water celery is a high-quality vegetable and can generate great economic benefits.

Sixthly, various greening landscapes can be designed according to the site conditions, and the practicality and the landscapes are combined to generate larger ecological benefits.

a large amount of activated sludge-containing wastewater in the wastewater treatment system passes through the sewage blocking ultrafiltration device through the multifunctional pump to form spray water, the spray water is sprayed and quickly adsorbed on waste gas in the integrated biological deodorization device, and the wastewater after being sprayed and adsorbed immediately flows back to the wastewater biochemical treatment system for purification treatment. The saturated spraying waste water of absorption can not produce like this, also need not add the medicine and carry out acid-base neutralization, saves circulation spray water tank and water pump simultaneously, and waste water treatment and exhaust-gas treatment carry out the coupling and handle the design, under the prerequisite of guaranteeing stable treatment effect, have saved the investment, have simplified technology. In order to further ensure the treatment effect, a UV photolysis and activated carbon adsorption process is subsequently used to ensure that the waste gas treatment stably reaches the standard.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An organic garbage treatment process based on a full ecological coupling method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

s4, fermenting the dry materials to prepare the fertilizer.

2. The organic waste treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that:

in S1, the following process is performed:

3. The organic waste treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that:

in S2, the following process is performed:

4. The organic waste treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that:

in S3, the following process is performed:

the method comprises the following steps of (1) automatically flowing pulp obtained after crushing and wall breaking into a stirring tank, and then adding a filter aid capable of enhancing water permeability into the stirring tank, wherein the mass ratio of the addition amount of the filter aid to the pulp ranges from 0.1% to 1%, and the filter aid is selected from one of pure natural medical stone powder, zeolite powder and diatomite; then, adding a pure natural plant extraction flocculant into the stirring tank, wherein the mass ratio of the addition amount of the pure natural plant extraction flocculant to the pulp is 0.05-0.1%; adding filter aid and pure natural plant flocculant to the pulp, pumping the pulp into a solid-liquid separator by a pulp delivery pump for solid-liquid separation, and separating out most of free water of the pulp to obtain dry materials.

5. The organic waste treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that:

in S4, the following process is performed:

6. The organic waste treatment process according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein:

the step of the organic waste treatment process further comprises S5;

s5: the waste hot gas is introduced into the chemical waste gas treatment system, and the waste hot gas is biologically deodorized in the integrated waste gas treatment system through the integrated biological deodorization device, is photolyzed through the integrated UV deodorization device, and is discharged after being adsorbed by activated carbon to reach the standard.

7. The organic waste treatment process according to claim 6, characterized in that: the step of the organic waste treatment process further comprises S6;

8. The organic waste treatment process according to claim 7, characterized in that:

in S6, the following process is performed:

the solid impurities which are not degradable in the organic garbage are removed, the organic garbage is crushed and broken the wall, the waste water generated by solid-liquid separation automatically flows into a waste water adjusting tank, then pumping the waste water into a screw stacking machine through a first lifting pump, adding a filter aid and a natural flocculating agent into the screw stacking machine, squeezing the waste water to obtain press slag and squeezed water, preparing fertilizer from the obtained press slag in a fertilizer preparation machine, collecting the squeezed water in a first intermediate tank, and then, the second lift pump is pumped into micro-nano air flotation device with pressing water, further gets rid of suspended solid and grease, gets into the middle pond of second through the water of getting rid of suspended solid and grease, and the third lift pump is gone into high-efficient biochemical reactor with the middle pond normal water pump of second, through the combined biochemical treatment of anaerobism aerobic nature, gets rid of behind most organic pollutant and pumps into to resistant stifled ultrafiltration device of pollution through the multi-function pump and carry out filtration treatment, and the water that filters flows into the plant purification system certainly purifies the difficult organic matter of low concentration in the water further.

9. The organic waste treatment process according to claim 8, characterized in that: the integrated biological deodorization device carries out deodorization processes as follows:

a large amount of activated sludge-containing wastewater in the wastewater treatment system passes through the sewage blocking ultrafiltration device through the multifunctional pump to form spray water, the spray water is sprayed and quickly adsorbed on waste gas in the integrated biological deodorization device, and the wastewater after being sprayed and adsorbed flows back to the wastewater purification treatment system for purification treatment.