CN1267259C - Wood densification method by impregnating resin - Google Patents
Wood densification method by impregnating resin Download PDFInfo
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- CN1267259C CN1267259C CN 02131170 CN02131170A CN1267259C CN 1267259 C CN1267259 C CN 1267259C CN 02131170 CN02131170 CN 02131170 CN 02131170 A CN02131170 A CN 02131170A CN 1267259 C CN1267259 C CN 1267259C
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- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- -1 guanidine group compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000137 polyphosphoric acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanamide Chemical compound NC#N XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N biuret Chemical compound NC(=O)NC(N)=O OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- WNVQBUHCOYRLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triuret Chemical compound NC(=O)NC(=O)NC(N)=O WNVQBUHCOYRLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000002795 guanidino group Chemical group C(N)(=N)N* 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-guanidine Natural products CNC(N)=N CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous guanidine Natural products NC(N)=N ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylaminoamidine Natural products CN(C)C(N)=N SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 244000050510 Cunninghamia lanceolata Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde Substances O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 244000166124 Eucalyptus globulus Species 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 3
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- JWIADRUTKCSRCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxymethane;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound COCOC.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JWIADRUTKCSRCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000019901 Anxiety disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 240000002834 Paulownia tomentosa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005018 Pinus echinata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001236219 Pinus echinata Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011334 Pinus elliottii Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017339 Pinus palustris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000008566 Pinus taeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 description 1
- YUWBVKYVJWNVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P] Chemical compound [N].[P] YUWBVKYVJWNVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000036506 anxiety Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011122 softwood Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a densification method by which wood impregnates resin, which comprises the processes such as resin impregnation, drying, hot-pressing solidification, etc. The present invention adopts resin synthesized by urea, a compound with a guanidino group, formaldehyde, phosphoric acid, ammonia water, a polyhydroxy organic compound, etc., quick-growing plantation wood with poor material is impregnated, impregnating can adopt one of a hot-cold impregnating method, a full-cell method and a double vacuum method, the moisture content of wood is dried to 15 to 20%, and the wood is put in a thermocompressor at 140 to 160 DEG C, and is solidified and densified for 3 to 60 minutes under the pressure of 10 to 30MPa; thereby, a decorative material with high intensity, good flame retardant performance, safe use and high quality is obtained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the modification of timber, particularly adopt a kind of multifunctional water-soluble resin immersing wood to carry out the method for the timber of densification processing.
Background technology
Though timber is reproducible natural resources, for a long time to the excessive felling of the forest reserves, the big footpath natural forest of level is reduced day by day, quick-growing plantation timber becomes gradually uses the material main body.Because the material of quick-growing plantation is relatively poor, modification and utilization to fast growing wood cause people's attention day by day, especially timber is carried out intensive treatment, be applied to aspects such as furniture, ornament materials, become an emphasis direction of Wooden modifying to reach replacement high-quality timber.Intensive treatment timber effect the best way, be that some low-molecular-weight resins are impregnated into timber inside, make its curing then under certain condition, under the situation of not destroying wooden structures, timber is formed to be moulded-timber structure, thereby the hardness of wood, wearability and compression strength etc. are greatly improved, have kept gloss, texture and the appearance characteristics of timber itself simultaneously again.
It is maximum that low-molecular-weight resin is used is phenolic resins, melamine methylal resin and phenolic aldehyde-Lauxite.For example CN1333113A discloses a kind of method that softwood is handled in low molecule phenolic aldehyde densification of flooding: Changde dragon etc. studied the melamine methylal resin to paulownia carry out surface Hardening Treatment method (" forest product industry " 1997,24＜6 〉: 7-10); Charles then studied melamine-ammeline-formaldehyde resin intensive treatment (U.S.) southern yellow pine method (CharlesU.Pittman.Wood Chemistry Tchnology, 1994,14＜4 〉: 577); The Zhang Changrong of Zhongnan Forestry Inst. etc. has then studied the phenolic aldehyde-Lauxite reinforced timber technology of utilizing.
Above-mentioned these resin reinforced timbers have obtained effect preferably, are particularly improving aspect the physical and mechanical property of timber.But all there is the high problem of resin cost, adopts phenolic aldehyde or phenolic aldehyde-Lauxite to make wood color cross dark anxiety in addition.In addition, timber is combustible material, uses at the building interior decoration, fire-retardant problem is even more important, present only adds fire retardant as adding composition, do not go to consider fire retardant stable and with the intermiscibility problem of resin, make the fire resistance of reinforced timber have many inborn deficiencies.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention provides a kind of wood impregnation resin densification method, be applicable to the intensive treatment of timber such as pine, China fir, amine tree, timber after the intensive treatment is except that having desirable hardness, intensity and humidity resistance, also has anti-flammability, reach the requirement of fire department, and cost is cheap relatively to the indoor hardware fitting fire resistance.
The present invention seeks to realize by following technical method: adopt a kind of by urea, contain (the CH of guanidine radicals group
4N
3-) resin that compound, formaldehyde, phosphoric acid, ammoniacal liquor, polyhydroxy organic compound etc. are synthesized into, the main component of described resin is high polymers such as polyphosphoric acids cyanamide, allophanamide and triuret, the pH value is about 5.After described resin impregnated timber, in normal temperature or high temperature drying process, along with the eliminating of moisture content, the pH value constantly reduced, and further crosslinked, the curing of high-polymer molecular forms urea-eight polyphosphoric acid cyanamide-aldehyde condensate plastics, is fixed in the wood fibre.This plastics can be regarded as the Lauxite strand on structure, have imbedded part guanidine compound functional group, thereby have kept some characteristics of Lauxite, as the hardness height, have the anti-moth property of anti-mildew etc.The guanidine compound functional group makes the fragility of Lauxite improve as flexibilizer, thereby can improve wood toughness.
Described resin also is that a kind of efficient phosphorus-nitrogen is anti-current mistake type fire retardant simultaneously.From the angle of fire retardant, the blowing agent component in the described resin is the combination of urea-guanidine compound-phosphoric acid, and the carbon forming agent composition then is a polyhydroxy organic compound.Blowing agent is met fire and can be decomposed also and discharge non-flammable gases such as nitrogen, steam, carbon dioxide, and with other composition of the fire retardant that reaches softening point, effusion wood surface and foaming and intumescing form the cavernous body three-D space structure, secluding air and fire-retardant; Carbon forming agent is the basis of formation spongelike structure charring layer under the fire retardant high temperature, and charring layer is played skeleton function.
The concrete steps of wood impregnation resin densification method of the present invention are as follows:
1, impregnates resin
Impregnating the resin method can adopt heat-cold soaking to annotate method, full-cell process and double vacuum process.
1.1 heat-cold soaking is annotated method
Timber soaks a few hours earlier in the resin of heat under normal pressure, make contained gas expansion in the timber, be put into again in the cold resin and soak a few hours, or above hot resin directly cooled off, make the remaining air compression of timber and cause vacuum state, borrow external air pressure that resin is pressed onto in the timber like this and go.Heat-cryostat temperature difference is big more, and timber absorbs that resin is many more, and heating bath temperature of the present invention reaches as high as 95 ℃, the character that soak time is also impregnated according to required absorption amount of resin and timber and deciding.
1.2 full-cell process
The initial vacuum stage: timber is placed high-pressure bottle, be evacuated down to vacuum-0.8～-0.85MPa, and kept 15 minutes to 1 hour, the air in the wood cell is drawn out of.Suck resin then.
Pressure period: resin is removed vacuum after being full of container, slowly is pressurized to 1～1.4MPa, and keeps certain hour.Time length is decided according to the amount of resin of required absorption.The inside and outside pressure differential that forms of timber, resin is pressed in the wood cell.
The release stage: pressure relief, resin is discharged.
The final vacuum stage: continue dropping liquid when avoiding timber from pressure vessel, to take out, once more suction-0.8～-0.85MPa number minute.
1.3 double vacuum process
Operating process and principle and full-cell process are basic identical, are used pressure difference, as the initial vacuum degree be-0.3～-0.85MPa, pressure period pressure is 0.1～0.2MPa, the final vacuum degree is-0.65MPa.The method is many not as full-cell process processing timber absorbs amount of resin, and length of penetration is also more shallow.
2, drying
But the drying atmospheric gas is done or vacuum drying, is dried to moisture content 15～20%.
3, hot-press solidifying
Timber is put into 140～160 ℃ of hot presses, solidify densification 30～60min, pressure decide on the purposes of densification material, is generally 10～30MPa, as producing during furniture material pressure low, pressure requirement height when producing the outdoor floor material.
Since in the described resin raw material except that urea, guanidine compound also carries out condensation reaction with formaldehyde, the molal quantity of formaldehyde is little of about 1.2 with the ratio of the molal quantity of (urea+guanidine compound), and polyol and aldehyde radical reactivity as carbon forming agent are higher, be effectively, free aldehyde agent for capturing commonly used, therefore, the content of free aldehyde of synthetic flame-retarded resin is very low, in≤0.1% scope, low more than 10 times than national compulsory operative norm (≤1.0%).The free aldehyde burst size of timber after the processing is≤0.1mg/L that than low 15 times of state compulsory standard one class plate (≤1.5mg/L allows exposed the use), two class plates (≤5.0mg/L allows the japanning back to use) are low more than 50 times.So, adopt described resin reinforced timber, not only improved the intensity of timber, have fire resistance preferably, and use as safe as a house.
Adopt the prepared densification material of the present invention wood color to remain unchanged substantially.Add a certain amount of waterborne-type preservation, insect-proof agent and light stabilizer, can strengthen the preservation of timber against decay, mothproof and anti-discoloration.
The specific embodiment
In order to understand better, further set forth the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment, but these embodiment should not be construed as any limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1
To have timber gas such as suitably infiltrative (after degreasing or the de-oiling) pine, China fir, eucalyptus and do, impregnate resin then to certain moisture content (generally requiring 8～15%).Impregnating the resin method adopts heat-cold soaking to annotate method, timber soaked 3 hours in the resin of heat earlier under normal pressure, make contained gas expansion in the timber, be put into again in the cold resin and soaked 3 hours, or above hot resin directly cooled off, make the remaining air compression of timber and cause vacuum state, borrow external air pressure that fire-retardant being pressed onto in the timber gone like this.80 ℃ of hot resin liquid temperature can prolong or shorten soak time according to required absorption amount of resin and by the character of immersing wood.
The residual liquid of the timber elder generation drip-dry appearance behind the immersion resin, the dried moisture content to 15 of gas～20% then.
During hot-press solidifying, timber is put into 140～160 ℃ of hot presses, solidify densification 30 minutes, pressure is 15MPa, promptly gets general furniture timber after the release cooling.
Embodiment 2
To have timber gas such as suitably infiltrative (after degreasing or the de-oiling) pine, China fir, eucalyptus and do, impregnate resin then to certain moisture content (generally requiring 8～15%).Impregnate resin and adopt full-cell process: the initial vacuum stage: timber is placed high-pressure bottle, be evacuated down to-0.8～-0.85MPa, and kept 30 minutes, the air in the wood cell is drawn out of.Suck resin then.Pressure period: resin is removed vacuum after being full of container, slowly is pressurized to 1.4MPa, and keeps 2～4 hours.Time length is decided according to the amount of resin of required absorption.The inside and outside pressure differential that forms of timber, resin is pressed in the wood cell.The release stage: pressure relief, resin is discharged.The final vacuum stage: continue dropping liquid when avoiding timber from pressure vessel, to take out, be evacuated to-0.8 once more～-5 minutes of 0.85MPa.
Timber behind the immersion resin is done to moisture content 15～20% at 60 ℃ of vacuum gas.
During hot-press solidifying, timber is put into 140～160 ℃ of hot presses, solidify densification 60 minutes, pressure is 20～30MPa, promptly gets outdoor floor or timber window section bar timber after the release cooling.
Embodiment 3
To have timber gas such as suitably infiltrative (after degreasing or the de-oiling) pine, China fir, eucalyptus and do, impregnate resin then to certain moisture content (generally requiring 8～15%).Impregnate resin and adopt double vacuum process: the initial vacuum stage: timber is placed high-pressure bottle, be evacuated down to-0.5MPa, and kept 30 minutes, the air in the wood cell is drawn out of.Suck resin then.Pressure period: resin is removed vacuum after being full of container, and normal pressure soaked 8～24 hours down.Time length is decided according to the amount of resin of required absorption.The inside and outside pressure differential that forms of timber, resin is pressed in the wood cell.After the immersion resin is discharged.The final vacuum stage: continue dropping liquid when avoiding timber from pressure vessel, to take out, take out once more-vacuum of 0.5MPa 5 minutes.
Timber behind the immersion resin is done to moisture content 15～20% at 60 ℃ of vacuum gas.
During hot-press solidifying, timber is put into 140～160 ℃ of hot presses, solidify densification 60 minutes, pressure is 15～20MPa, promptly gets indoor floor or decoration of exterior wall woodbox timber after the release cooling.
Claims (7)
1. wood impregnation resin densification method, comprise and impregnate resin, drying and hot-press solidifying operation, it is characterized in that adopting a kind of by urea, contain the resin that guanidine group compound, formaldehyde, phosphoric acid, ammoniacal liquor, polyhydroxy organic compound be synthesized into and impregnate, the composition of described resin is polyphosphoric acids cyanamide, allophanamide and triuret, and the pH value is 5.
2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that the described resin that impregnates adopts heat-cold soaking to annotate in method, full-cell process and the double vacuum process any.
3. according to the method for claim 2, it is characterized in that described heat-cold soaking notes method is under the normal pressure timber to be soaked 2～5 hours in the resin of heat, make contained gas expansion in the timber, be put into and soaked in the cold resin 2～5 hours, the heating bath temperature is 65～95 ℃.
4. according to the method for claim 2, it is characterized in that described full-cell process is that timber is placed high-pressure bottle, be evacuated down to vacuum-0.8～-0.85Mpa, kept 15～60 minutes, suck resin then, treat to remove vacuum after resin is full of container, slowly be pressurized to 1～1.4Mpa, kept 2～4 hours, pressure relief, resin is discharged, once more suction-0.8～-0.85Mpa, kept 3～15 minutes.
5. according to the method for claim 2, it is characterized in that described double vacuum process is that timber is placed high-pressure bottle, be evacuated down to vacuum and be-0.3～-0.85Mpa, kept 15～60 minutes, suck resin then, treat to remove vacuum after resin is full of container, slowly be pressurized to 1～0.2Mpa, kept 6～24 hours, resin is discharged, suction-0.65Mpa kept 3～15 minutes once more.
6. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that described drying process is that atmospheric gas is done or vacuum drying, is dried to moisture content 15～20%.
7. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that described hot-press solidifying is that timber is put into 140～160 ℃ of hot presses, solidify densification 3～60 minutes, pressure is 10～30Mpa.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02131170 CN1267259C (en) | 2002-10-15 | 2002-10-15 | Wood densification method by impregnating resin |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02131170 CN1267259C (en) | 2002-10-15 | 2002-10-15 | Wood densification method by impregnating resin |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1490136A CN1490136A (en) | 2004-04-21 |
| CN1267259C true CN1267259C (en) | 2006-08-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN 02131170 Expired - Fee Related CN1267259C (en) | 2002-10-15 | 2002-10-15 | Wood densification method by impregnating resin |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101780683B (en) * | 2009-01-19 | 2012-08-22 | 永港伟方（北京）科技股份有限公司 | Composition for modifying wood, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN101966713B (en) * | 2010-10-28 | 2014-06-18 | 中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所 | Method for densifying wood and densified wood |
| CN102398289B (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2014-06-25 | 夏国华 | Wood modifying method |
| CN106426477A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-22 | 阜南县天亿工艺品有限公司 | Technology preparing method for keeping original color of bamboo chip and preventing mosquitoes |
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