CN102398289B - Wood modifying method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for modifying low-density wood. The method comprises sucking wood, increasing weight, soaking, drying, thermosetting and compressing, wherein the water content of the wood subjected to sucking treatment is 28-32 percent; the gain in weight of wood subjected to weight increasing treatment is 30-35 percent; the gain in weight of the wood subjected to soaking treatment is 15-20 percent; the water content of the wood subjected to drying treatment is 15-18 percent; and a soaking agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of thermosetting resin, 10-20 parts of water-soluble natural organic matter, 3-5 parts of aqueous waterproof agent, 0.5-1 parts of fire retardant and 1-2 parts of surfactant. In the modifying method, a physical modifying technology, a chemical modifying technology and a mechanical modifying technology of hot compression deformation are organically combined, so that modified wood has high density, high intensity and the like of high-level wood, has higher size stability than high-level wood, and has the characteristic of low cost compared with high-level wood.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for modifying wood, particularly relate to a kind of method for low-density Wooden modifying.
Background technology
Wood Property Improvement comprises: timber is moulded and closed, timber pickling, wood acetylation, timber heat treatment, timber compression and bending, Wood Bleaching and dyeing and other modification technologies.
Timber is moulded and closed is to point to inject in timber after ethylenic unsaturation hydro carbons monomer or oligomer, performed polymer, utilizes the hot initiation means of radiation exposure or radical initiator one that energy is provided, and makes the technology of its polymerizing curable in timber.The material making is called wood plastic composite, has not only retained the natural premium properties of timber, and can improve material defect, and the performances such as its dimensionally stable, hardness, wear-resisting, corrosion-resistant, resistance to worm ant all significantly improve, and some can meet or exceed natural precious timber.In addition, can also carry out painted processing and give anti-flaming function.Wood plastic composite can be for the production of products such as floor, furniture, sports equipment, handicraft, musical instruments.Timber is moulded and is closed technique and be divided into and impregnate and solidify 2 stages.The stage of impregnating is general adopts vacuum pressed processing, and impregnating fluid is selected the vinyl monomers such as styrene, methyl methacrylate, vinyl acetate, acrylonitrile conventionally, and unsaturated polyester (UP), propylene class oligomer.Cure stage can adopt heating or radiation exposure polymerizing curable.While adopting heated polymerizable to solidify, should add by a certain percentage suitable initator; While adopting radiation exposure polymerizing curable, irradiation dose and time should be with the seeds of processing sample, size and dimensions, and monomer, close rate and change.Wood plastic composite was come out in early 1960s, and after this many countries conduct a research one after another.China also just starts wood plastic composite to study in nineteen sixty-five, the units such as Chinese Academy Of Forestry Research Institute Of Wood Industry, Peking University, Guanghua Timber Factory, Beujing, Shanghai Institute for Atomic Research and Shanghai Science and Technology Univ., have successively carried out the research that hot initiation method and ray radiation method are prepared wood plastic composite.In Jiangxi Science institute applied chemistry study has successfully been developed the wood plastic composite production technology of applicable China's national situation, and produces as a trial in factory.At the beginning of the seventies, wood plastic composite product is pushed to the market and is applied.
The industrially developed country such as the U.S., Japan, West Europe, have been applied to wood plastic composite the industries such as automobile, weapons, sports equipment, building, furniture.And China only has Shanghai art sculpture four factories, Beijing Folk Music Instrument Factory to carry out in early days the small lot commodity production of wood plastic composite, but up to the present, wood plastic composite is not also really applied in China market.
Timber pickling refers to timber is immersed in water-soluble low molecular weight resin solution, and resin is by diffusing into wood cell wall, and makes timber increase-volume, and then drying is removed moisture, and finally heating makes the Wood Property Improvement of resin solidification.Impreg is mainly used in making handle and the pen tray of cutter, rifle, and to higher fields of performance requirement such as intensity, wearability, resistances to chemical attack.Timber pickling technique is also divided into impregnates and 2 stages of dry solidification: impregnate the processing of general employing of stage vacuum pressed, impregnating fluid is selected phenolic resins, Lauxite, furfuryl alcohol resin, resorcinol resin etc. conventionally; The general mode being heating and curing that adopts of dry solidification stage.As far back as the forties in 20th century, the technology that uses pf resin of low molecular weight dipping veneer, produces impreg has just been studied by forestry products research institute of the U.S., is in 1987 but impreg really forms commodity.At present, the company of world production impreg mainly contains: U.S. Fibron and C K Composites, Britain Permali and Pakistani DylTlOnwood company etc.The technological development of China's impreg only rests on conceptual phase, mainly concentrates on fast growing wood and low-grade timber such as using low-molecular-weight resin impregnating poplar, China fir, also has research to use modified urea-formaldehyde resin improved wood.
Wood acetylation is to adopt acetylating agent to process timber, to improve the technology of wood dimensional stability.The advantages such as acetylation timber has even density, surfacing, dimensional stability is high, rotproofness is strong, high-temperature ductility is low, do not increase toxicity, the intensity of timber own does not reduce.Wood acetylation is processed and is generally divided into liquid phase method, vapor phase method and synthesis.Traditional wood acetylation treatment agent is divided into acetylating agent and catalyst, and many acetic anhydrides that directly use are produced now.In addition, can also use acetylation and heat treatment synergy, or first acetylation crosslinking Treatment again.Wood acetylation technical research is one of research topic of enlivening the most of Wood Property Improvement field always.The report that late 1920s has just had wood powder and sawdust to be acetylation, and the acetylizad research of solid wood starts from the forties.Subsequently, the U.S., Japan etc. have started technical research and the application study of wood acetylation in succession.Acetylation timber has been realized commercialization at present.Because acetylation timber cost is higher, be mainly used in making high value added product, the first-elected application of acetylation solid wood is outdoor platform (deck), acetyl fibre can be used for manufacturing tapered squeezing forming polypropylene thermoplastic composite.
Timber heat treatment refers in protective gas environment or liquid medium, and in 160～250 DEG C of temperature ranges, a kind of Environmentally-sound technology that timber is processed, can improve dimensional stability, durability and the color of timber.Heat-treated wood is commonly referred to carbonized wood or physics wood, can be used for the numerous areas such as furniture, parquet floor, door and window, precast wall body, sauna house, kitchen.According to used heat medium difference, Heat-Treated Wood mainly contains 3 kinds: gas phase media heating, hydro-thermal method and oil heating.The business application of at present external timber heat treatment technics mainly concentrates on the states such as Holland, France, Germany and Finland, these countries have developed 5 kinds of typical Heat-Treated Woods: the Plato technique of Holland, Retification and the LesBois technique of France, the hot oil processing technique of Germany and the Thermo Wood technique of Finland.The timber heat treatment industry of China remains at present in a lot of problems: as do not formed perfect Technology for Heating Processing; Relevant supporting technology is also immature; Lack special Equipment for Heating Processing, what major part was used is traditional kiln formula drying mode; There is mass defect in product, as burl comes off, shows to split with implosion, aberration large etc.
The compression of timber and bending are to borrow damp and hot or additive method, first by wood plasdcizing, then by hot-pressing processing, make that quality is hard, density is high and intensity large or the technology of curved shape woodwork.Compressed wood has greatly improved surface physical properties, intensity and the processing characteristics of timber, and makes material more even.The soft artificial forest wood of compressed processing, can replace the even high-grade broad-leaved wood of ordinary rigid, as ebony etc., for products such as balustrade, sash, beam, furniture leg, framework, handicraft, ornament furnishings, pad, seals in make-up room.Timber compression and bending technique are divided into: softening (or plasticizing) and 2 stages of hot-pressing processing.Timber is softening can adopt the reagent such as urea, ammoniacal liquor, gaseous ammonia and NaOH to carry out chemical treatment, also can directly adopt the physical treatments such as decatize, high frequency and microwave.Timber after softening is on hot press or Qu Muji, through hot-pressing drying, cooling forming.Timber compress technique has permanent research history.As far back as the thirties in 20th century, on American-European military aircraft, just use compressed wood, in case radar detection; The forties, Kyoto Univ Japan, also because of same object, adopts high-temperature pressurizing mode, produces beech, birch reinforced timber; There are the fifties industrial products to come out both at home and abroad; After the eighties, accelerate the research to compressed wood.Solid wood bending compression technology, for Furniture manufacture, is the state-of-the-art technology that Denmark released the nineties, and the shape that wood-bending can be become need, has opened up new field for the variation of furniture style, and timber utilization rate further improves.
Wood Bleaching refers to by chemical method, the technology that makes timber color and luster shoal or fade; Wood staining is to adopt physics or chemical method, changes wood color and prevents the technology of sapstain, and the two is all the effective ways that improve the ornamental and added value of common or low-quality timber.Particularly artificial forest wood, by technology processing such as bleaching, dyeing, simulation wood grains, can eliminate the aberration between heart sapwood, early late wood and swirl grain, or the decorative effect of simulation rare tree timber.In recent ten years, bleaching, the staining technique of wood materials enjoy attention, and technical study constantly advances.Organic dyestuff, in the use of wood processing field, originates from mauve in 1913 and is used to standing tree dyeing.Since the sixties, a large amount of research work has been done at Wood Bleaching and dyeing field by Japan; German, Italian etc. also developed industrialization wood staining patented technology, and its product is in the existing sale of China.
At the end of the eighties, China starts Wood Bleaching and staining technique to explore, and is mainly used in veneer dyeing and recombinant decorative material and the manufacture of recombinant decorative veneer taking Recombinant Wood as representative, and product enjoys a good market both at home and abroad.The solid wood dyeing larger to thickness, owing to there is the problem that is difficult to even imbue under normal condition, correlation technique is at present still in the exploratory stage.
Microwave treatment timber is also a kind of comparatively advanced method for modifying wood.Timber after microwave treatment, having there is change in its wood property, shows the ratio increase of density of wood increase, rate of drying quickening, string radial shrinkage rate etc.Wood liquefied is to be a kind of modification mode of new macromolecular material by solid-state wood conversion, is one of research field that timber comprehensive utilization technique is newly opened up in recent years.Timber after liquefaction can be made various high value-added products.Along with progressively going deep into that the basic physical and chemical performance of timber is studied, Wood Property Improvement has also had further expansion.As the wood conductive material after modification, give electric conductivity and specific insulation that timber is new; Woodceramics, makes it have better hardness, wearability and far infrared radiation and absorbability.
The correlation technique of patent literature has at present, publication number be CN101352860A Patent Application Publication a kind of " process of modifying synthetic resin impregnated wood " first prepare maceration extract, then timber is put into the airtight dipping that vacuumizes of autoclave, finally at baking oven internal heating curing, this processes is simpler, is difficult to strengthen the density of low-density timber, and in maceration extract, contains formaldehyde, harmful, do not meet the requirement of environmental protection.Publication number be CN102085679A Patent Application Publication " a kind of Wooden modifying liquid and its preparation method and application ", this Wooden modifying liquid comprises pf resin of low molecular weight, auxiliary agent and water, after using this modification liquid to Wooden modifying, can solve the natural defects such as timber is easy to crack, distortion, can also make timber there is fire-retardant, insect protected, the performance such as anticorrosion, but this modifier is limited in the effect of the aspect such as density, intensity and dimensional stability that strengthens low-density timber.Publication number be CN1935475A Patent Application Publication a kind of " improved wood and production technology thereof ", this process using vacuum plant riddles modification sol in the honeycomb of log base material, and be cured, be combined as a whole with the fiber of log base material, this technique is the service life of prolonging wood significantly, but do not disclose the concrete composition and the performance advantage of the improved wood obtaining aspect density, intensity and dimensional stability of modification sol.
The existing artificial forest area growing into forest of China is 0.54 hundred million hectare, and accumulation has exceeded 15 billion cubic meters, and the modification of artificial forest wood is more and more important.The seeds of some inferior quality, for example larch in the north, pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, birch etc., southern masson pine, kapok etc., do not utilized efficiently.Therefore, the emphasis of following China Wooden modifying is still superior density, intensity and the dimensional stability that improves low-density timber of low-grade timber, improves the utilization rate of timber, the service life of prolonging wood.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of method for modifying wood that can significantly improve low-density density of wood, intensity and dimensional stability, and the method also can improve the preservation of timber against decay and decorate properties.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, a kind of method for modifying wood of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
(1) timber is carried out to suction process, suction time is more than 4 hours, preferably 4-6 hour, and pressure is 2400-2600Pa, preferably 2500Pa;
(2) by the timber pickling after suction process to the processing of increasing weight in weighting agent, processing time 1-2 hour, pressure >=1.2MPa, preferably 1.2-1.5MPa;
(3) after weighting agent is emptying, vacuumize 0.5-1 hour, afterwards timber pickling is carried out to impregnation process in impregnating agent, processing time 6-8 hour, pressure >=1.0MPa, preferably 1.0-1.5MPa;
(4) after maceration extract is emptying, vacuumize 0.5-1 hour, the timber after impregnation process delivers to that lumber kiln is dry to be processed, and drying of wood kiln temperature is 80-90 DEG C, and the time is 95-120 hour;
(5) dried timber carries out thermosetting compression processing on hot press, and pressure is 9-11MPa, and temperature is 180-200 DEG C.
A kind of method for modifying wood of the present invention, is applicable to the modification to all kinds timber, and wherein preferably timber is low-density timber, as poplar, pine, birch etc.
A kind of method for modifying wood of the present invention, wherein after preferred described suction process the moisture content of timber at 28-32%; The gain in weight that rear timber is processed in weightening finish is 30-35%; After impregnation process, the gain in weight of timber is 15-20%; After dry processing, the moisture content of timber is 15-18%; The gain in weight that rear timber is processed in thermosetting compression is moisture content≤12% of 15-20%, timber.
A kind of method for modifying wood of the present invention, wherein said lumber kiln is the dry kiln for desiccated wood of this area routine, the data of the general drying of wood are known, but in view of the improved wood that the present invention is dried avoids its polymerizing curable to make troubles to follow-up heat pressing process containing thermosetting resin again, so, the preferred Wind Volume of the present invention is dry, the realization of Wind Volume is exactly the simple blower fan quantity that increases, for the dry kiln of a 30m3, than the dry kiln of common equal treating capacity, increase the blower fan of a times, there are 2 original φ 800 blower fans to be increased to 4 (unit maximum quantity of wind is 31000m3/hr), wherein fix for 2, automatically control for 2, to controlling the speed of timber dewatering, prevent in the inhomogeneous timber distortion that may cause of dry run.After dry, the moisture content of timber is at 15-18%.
A kind of method for modifying wood of the present invention, wherein said suction, weightening finish and impregnation process are to carry out in vacuum pressure tank.The object of described suction is free some hydroxylated materials (reducing the hydrophily of timber) in the adsorbed water (be mainly present in wood cell wall in) of the fraction in most free water (being mainly present between wood cell chamber and space between cells) and the timber extracting in timber and lumber fibre, reduces the moisture content of timber and is conducive to next step weightening finish processing.
A kind of method for modifying wood of the present invention, wherein said weighting agent can be the weighting agent of this area routine, preferred water glass.
A kind of method for modifying wood of the present invention, wherein said impregnating agent can be conventional the rising in this area and increases weight, fire-retardant, prevent the impregnating agent of the effects such as size distortion, the preferred impregnating agent of the present invention comprises the component of following weight portion, 100 parts of thermosetting resins, water-soluble natural organic matter 10-20 part, watery water-proofing agent 3-5 part, fire retardant 0.5-1 part, surfactant 1-2 part, wherein more preferably comprise the component of following weight portion, 100 parts of Lauxites, ultra-fine corn flour 10-20 part, emulsified wax 3-5 part, boric acid 0.5-1 part, alkylbenzenesulfonate 1-2 part, wherein Lauxite is preferably cyanurotriamide modified urea resin, urea, formaldehyde and melamine in molar ratio 1: (1.10-1.20): (0.04-0.06) proportioning, under mild acid conditions, (pH value is 4.5) point carries out addition reaction 4 times, generate monohydroxy urea, dihydroxy urea, trihydroxy urea and a small amount of Uron circulus material, then the low-molecular-weight cyanurotriamide modified urea resin that (pH value is 6.0) is slightly polymerized under mild acid conditions, the number-average molecular weight of the cyanurotriamide modified urea resin obtaining is 90-160, the temperature of addition reaction is 40-90 DEG C, the temperature of polymerisation is 80-85 DEG C, the addition reaction elementary reaction time is 120-150 minute, the polymerization stage reaction time is 30-40 minute.
The preferred weighting agent of the present invention is that waterglass is water miscible, each component of preferred impregnating agent is water miscible, the mutual mixing amalgamation of weighting agent and impregnating agent is good, each self-applying in the proportion, waterproof, anti-deformation and the fire resistance that improve timber is supplemented mutually, synergy, bring out the best in each other, density and the intensity of timber after modification is increased substantially, water resistance and the fire resistance of improved wood are also enhanced simultaneously.
The inventive method impregnating agent used also can contain coloring agent and anticorrisive agent, described coloring agent is preferred basic-dyeable fibre, consumption is depending on needing the color of the high-end timber imitating, addition gap is larger, generally use dyestuff between 0.5-2kg at every cubic metre of timber, the consumption of described anticorrisive agent is the 5-8% of maceration extract weight.
A kind of method for modifying wood of the present invention, wherein also comprises that thermosetting is compressed to timber after treatment carries out surperficial slicing processing, gets product.
Method for modifying wood of the present invention, comprise suction, weightening finish, dipping, the steps such as hot pressing, to aspirate, cellulosic hydroxy esterification in the physical modification technology such as weightening finish and timber, the thermoplastic of the chemical modification techniques such as the degraded saccharification of hemicellulose and lignin merges (hot compression deformation is processed the effect producing), the mechanically modifying technology threes such as the graft copolymerization (Joint effect of impregnation process and hot compression deformation processing) of resin organically combine, make the timber after modification possess the high density that high-grade timber has, the performances such as high strength, also possesses the good dimensional stability that exceedes high-grade timber, compare high-grade timber simultaneously and also there is the feature that cost is low.The present invention's impregnating agent used preferably includes the component of following weight portion, 100 parts of thermosetting resins, water-soluble natural organic matter 10-20 part, watery water-proofing agent 3-5 part, fire retardant 0.5-1 part, surfactant 1-2 part, wherein more preferably comprise the component of following weight portion, 100 parts of Lauxites, ultra-fine corn flour 10-20 part, emulsified wax 3-5 part, boric acid 0.5-1 part, alkylbenzenesulfonate 1-2 part, wherein Lauxite is preferably cyanurotriamide modified Lauxite, make compared with the timber of timber after modification and prior art modification, density and intensity increase substantially, water resistance and the fire resistance of improved wood are also enhanced simultaneously.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the process chart of a kind of method for modifying wood of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiment and test data, technical characterictic and the advantage with other above-mentioned to the present invention are described in more detail.
Embodiment 1, flow process as shown in Figure 1, a kind of method for modifying wood of the present invention, after the low-density timber poplar of basic moisture content 51.3% being made to the slab of size 1300*130*28mm, load onto dolly, send into vacuum pressure tank and carry out suction process, in vacuum pressure tank, pressure is set as respectively 2500Pa, 5000Pa, and suction time is respectively 1,2,3,4,5 hour, measure the moisture content of timber with ST-85 type numeral timber moisture teller, as shown in table 1:
Under the different suction times of table 1 and pressure condition, the moisture content of timber and imbibition rate
The condition of imbibition test be exactly by the slab after suction process after 48 hours rewettings of indoor placement, then be dried to moisture content behind 12% left and right, be immersed in the slab thickness imbibition rate of measuring after 24 hours in room temperature water.
Under visible equal suction time, the obvious effect of pressure to timber dehydration, after the preferred suction process of the present invention, the moisture content of timber is 30% left and right, and imbibition rate is lower, so select suction time to be respectively 4-5 hour, moisture content is respectively 31.2%, 30.9% timber blank and carries out next step weightening finish processing.
In vacuum pressure tank, add liquid soluble glass, above-mentioned timber blank is all impregnated in waterglass, different impregnation pressures and time are set respectively, result is as shown in table 2:
The weightening finish processing of table 2 different pressures and time conditions, the rate of body weight gain of timber
Visible, pressure is larger, and dip time is longer, the rate of body weight gain of timber is larger, and the rate of body weight gain of the preferred described timber of the present invention is 30-35%, is 1.5 hours so select dip time, impregnation pressure is 1.2 and 1.5MPa, and rate of body weight gain is the impregnation process that 32.3% and 32.8% slab carries out next step.
Vacuumize 1 hour by after emptying weighting agent waterglass, make the timber in vacuum tank relatively dry, wood surface has not had the mucus of waterglass to adhere to, and in vacuum tank, adds maceration extract, and dip time, pressure and rate of body weight gain are as shown in table 3:
The impregnation process of table 3 different pressures and time conditions, the rate of body weight gain of timber
Visible, pressure is larger, and dip time is longer, the rate of body weight gain of timber is larger, and the rate of body weight gain of the preferred described timber of the present invention is 15-20%, so select dip time to be respectively 6 and 8 hours, impregnation pressure is 1.0,1.2 and 1.5MPa, slab carry out next step dry processing.
In the present embodiment, the preparation method of maceration extract used is: cyanurotriamide modified Lauxite 1000g, and ultra-fine corn flour 100g, the emulsified wax 30g that solid content is greater than 40%, boric acid 5g and neopelex 15g mixing and stirring, to obtain final product.Wherein the preparation method of cyanurotriamide modified Lauxite is: urea, 1: 1.1: 0.05 in molar ratio proportioning of formaldehyde and melamine, get urea 400kg, formaldehyde 585kg, melamine 41kg, join in reactor, under mild acid conditions (pH value is 4.5), temperature is 75 DEG C, carry out addition reaction (total reaction time 120-150 minute) and generate monohydroxy urea, dihydroxy urea, trihydroxy urea and a small amount of Uron annular material, then under mild acid conditions (pH value is 6.0), temperature is 85 DEG C, the low-molecular-weight cyanurotriamide modified urea resin being slightly polymerized, reaction time is 30-40 minute, the number-average molecular weight of the cyanurotriamide modified urea resin obtaining is 120 left and right.Cyanurotriamide modified urea resin is state of the art, but the modified resin that preparation technology of the present invention obtains compared with prior art, main advantage has two: one is the addition reaction under taking the acid condition of non-traditional technique, can on the basis of methylolurea linear structure, generate the burst size that some Uron circulus materials (accounting for 10% left and right) have significantly improved the water resistance of glue and greatly reduced formaldehyde.The 2nd, take oligomerization polycondensating process, effectively control the mean molecule quantity of glue, dipping is become and be more prone to.
In addition, confirm through practice, in the inventive method embodiment, maceration extract used can be the maceration extract of prior art, but preferably adopt the recipe ingredient of maceration extract of the present invention, component kind and weight ratio thereof that maceration extract of the present invention adopts, the mutual mixing amalgamation of weighting agent and impregnating agent is good, at the proportion that improves timber, waterproof, each self-applying in anti-deformation and fire resistance is supplemented mutually, synergy, bring out the best in each other, density and the intensity of timber after modification is increased substantially, water resistance and the fire resistance of improved wood are also enhanced simultaneously.The Lauxite wherein using in maceration extract, more preferably cyanurotriamide modified Lauxite, more preferably the cyanurotriamide modified urea resin that adopts following method to prepare: urea, formaldehyde and melamine in molar ratio 1: (1.10-1.20): (0.04-0.06) proportioning, under solutions of weak acidity, (pH value is 4.5) addition reaction becomes monohydroxy urine, dihydroxy urine, trihydroxy urine and a small amount of Uron annular material, then under mild acid conditions, (pH value is at 5.5-6.5) is slightly polymerized, the number-average molecular weight of the cyanurotriamide modified urea resin obtaining is 90-160.
After maceration extract is emptying, vacuumize 1 hour, treat that wood surface has not had the mucus of maceration extract to adhere to, be 40-45% by the moisture content after impregnation process, deliver to the dry processing of lumber kiln, drying of wood kiln temperature, time, air quantity are as shown in table 4,5:
Dry 96 hours of table 4, the water content of timber under different baking temperatures and air quantity
Hot compression complexity is to enter press with dried timber, and what within the 10s time, can be pressed onto appointed thickness is easily, otherwise difficult.
Dry 120 hours of table 5, the water content of timber under different baking temperatures and air quantity
From data, reach the baking temperature of 100 DEG C, the resin in timber has polymerizing curable phenomenon, and after it shows as hot press, difficulty is compressed.Therefore the preferred baking temperature of the embodiment of the present invention is 80 DEG C and 90 DEG C, and be 96 hours and 120 hours drying time, and the slab that moisture content is 15-18% carries out next step hot-pressing processing.
Select NYJ2400 type ton hot press, 2400 tons of maximum pressures, fixed thick degree 19mm, be compressed to behind finger gauge position pressurize after 10 minutes release open ejecting plate, temperature, pressure and detection index are as shown in table 6:
The hot pressing contrast test of table 6 Modified Poplar and poplar element plate and detection index
It is all the test specimen of getting under 10MPa condition that index detects, and poplar element plate is the poplar plate of non-modified processing.
From data, improving hot pressing temperature can contribute to the degraded saccharification of hemicellulose in timber and the thermoplastic of lignin to merge, the cubical expansivity showing as after the water suction of timber obviously reduces, but exceed after 200 DEG C, wood surface starts to occur charing in various degree, affects its outward appearance, is proper therefore carry out hot pressing between selecting 180-200 DEG C, after press is determined, adjust platen pressure relatively little on the impact of test specimen.Use above-mentioned process modification wood to go out moisture content after press between 10-12%, density is 600-900kg/m
3, increase 30-80% left and right with respect to poplar element plate density, also can, by adjusting the fixed thick degree of hot press, change the hot press of larger pressure in addition, make the density of innovation wood reach larger value.In the embodiment of the present invention, the imbibition rate of innovation wood is 6-8%, case hardness (adopt 810 qualimeters, be commonly called as newton's pen) 4*10
4-5.5*10
4kPa, bounce-back 0.7-1.1mm (pressure used is 9-11MPa) after pressing, compared with poplar element plate, adopt the innovation wood that process of the present invention obtains to improve a lot in density, intensity and dimensional stability (as shown by the data in Table 6).
By smooth the improved wood after hot-pressing processing pile, health under shady and cool ventilation condition (release internal stress) 7-9 days.
By after hot-pressing processing and health after completing improved wood carry out surperficial slicing processing and get final product to obtain finished product.
In the present embodiment, in maceration extract, also can add coloring agent and anticorrisive agent, the preferred basic-dyeable fibre of coloring agent, its consumption is depending on needing the color of the high-end timber imitating, and addition gap is larger, generally uses dyestuff between 0.5-2kg at every cubic metre of timber; Anticorrisive agent is mainly to strengthen the preservation of timber against decay performance, the preferably colourless timber preservative of water-based, and addition is the 5-8% of maceration extract quality.
Above-described embodiment is described the preferred embodiment of the present invention; not scope of the present invention is limited; design under the prerequisite of spirit not departing from the present invention; various distortion and improvement that those of ordinary skill in the art make technical scheme of the present invention, all should fall in the definite protection domain of the claims in the present invention book.
Claims (5)
1. a method for modifying wood, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) timber is carried out to suction process, suction time is more than 4 hours, and pressure is 2400-2600Pa;
(2) by the timber pickling after suction process to the processing of increasing weight in weighting agent, processing time 1-2 hour, pressure >=1.2MPa;
(3) after weighting agent is emptying, vacuumize 0.5-1 hour, afterwards timber pickling is carried out to impregnation process in impregnating agent, processing time 6-8 hour, pressure >=1.0MPa;
(4) after maceration extract is emptying, vacuumize 0.5-1 hour, the timber after impregnation process delivers to that lumber kiln is dry to be processed, and drying of wood kiln temperature is 80-90 DEG C, and the time is 95-120 hour, and after dry processing, the moisture content of timber is 15-18%;
(5) dried timber carries out thermosetting compression processing on hot press, and pressure is 9-11MPa, and temperature is 185-200 DEG C;
Wherein said weighting agent is waterglass, described impregnating agent is 100 parts of cyanurotriamide modified Lauxites, corn flour 10-20 part, emulsified wax 3-5 part, boric acid 0.5-1 part and alkylbenzenesulfonate 1-2 part mix, and the preparation method of described cyanurotriamide modified Lauxite is urea, formaldehyde and melamine 1:(1.10-1.20 in molar ratio): (0.04-0.06) proportioning, under acid condition, addition reaction becomes monohydroxy urine, dihydroxy urine, trihydroxy urine and a small amount of Uron circulus material, then under mild acid conditions, be polymerized, the number-average molecular weight of cyanurotriamide modified urea resin is 90-160, the temperature of addition reaction is 40-90 DEG C, the temperature of polymerisation is 80-85 DEG C, the pH value of wherein said acid condition is 4.5, the pH value of described mild acid conditions is 5.5-6.5.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described timber is low-density timber.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described suction, weightening finish and impregnation process are to carry out in vacuum pressure tank.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the time of described suction process is 4-6 hour, and pressure is 2500Pa, and the pressure of described weightening finish processing is 1.2-1.5MPa, and the pressure of described impregnation process is 1.0-1.5MPa.
5. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: after described suction process, the moisture content of timber is at 28-32%, the gain in weight that rear timber is processed in weightening finish is 30-35%, after impregnation process, the gain in weight of timber is 15-20%, and moisture content≤12% of rear timber is processed in thermosetting compression, the gain in weight of timber is 15-20%.
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