CN1263213C - Eddy current speed reducer - Google Patents
Eddy current speed reducer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1263213C CN1263213C CN 01124272 CN01124272A CN1263213C CN 1263213 C CN1263213 C CN 1263213C CN 01124272 CN01124272 CN 01124272 CN 01124272 A CN01124272 A CN 01124272A CN 1263213 C CN1263213 C CN 1263213C
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- magnet
- aforementioned
- braking
- brake
- guide cylinder
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Abstract
The invention provides an eddy current reduction mechanism which makes a changeover between non-brake and brake by an actuator whose capacity is made as small as possible. A fixed guide cylinder 10 made of a non-magnetic substance has a hollow part of a rectangular shape cross-section in the interior of a brake drum 7 which is connected to a rotary shaft 1, and a magnet support cylinder 14 is supported in the hollow part of the guide cylinder 10 possible to rotate in both back and forth directions. A plurality of magnets 24 are connected to the outer peripheral surface of the magnet support cylinder 14 to make respective polarities which face the inner peripheral surface of the brake drum 7 alternately different in the circumferential direction. A ferromagnetic substance 15 is fitted in an opening 25 which is provided on each part on an outer cylinder part 10a of the guide cylinder facing each magnet 24. When applying a brake, the magnet support cylinder 14 is rotationally moved by an actuator 20 in the forth rotational direction y of the brake drum 7 from a non-brake position at which two magnets 24 which have each a different polarity to the other partially face a common ferromagnetic substance 15 to a brake position at which each magnet 24 wholly faces to each ferromagnetic substance 15.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to be mainly used in the permanent magnet formula eddy current speed reducer of car assisted friction brake.
Background technology
The electromagnetic type eddy current speed reducer that is used for car assisted friction brake in the past because the shape of eddy current speed reducer is big and heavy, therefore is difficult to be loaded on the automobile.And, because consumed current is many, therefore need to strengthen the capacity of power-supply battery.If use high performance terres rares permanent magnet (following abbreviation magnet), then can make small-sized, the lightweight of eddy current speed reducer, do not consume electric power and can be loaded on the automobile easily.
But, special (patent application) the clear 63-127696 of hope, the special flat 2-201820 of hope, special magnet-type eddy current speed reducer of disclosed braking drum type such as being willing to flat 3-313563 number and the special clear 63-314280 of hope, special magnet-type eddy current speed reducer of disclosed braking dish-type such as being willing to flat 2-201819 number must carry out the switching of non-braking and braking by making magnet movement.
In the occasion of magnet-type eddy current speed reducer of braking drum type, on the outer peripheral face of the magnet carrying cylinder that is disposed in brake drum inside, make magnet with respect to the magnetic pole of the inner peripheral surface of brake drum along the circumferential direction mutually differently (N, S, N, S ...) combination.Between the outside of the inner peripheral surface of brake drum and magnet, dispose the guide cylinder relative with the magnetic pole of each magnet, this guide cylinder is made of the nonmagnetic material with ferromagnetism body.
During braking, ferromagnetism body and magnet are overlapping, and the magnetic field of magnet forms magnetic circuit by the ferromagnetism body between brake drum.At this moment, on rotating brake drum vortex flow taking place, produces braking moment.When brake off, magnet moves between ferromagnetism body and ferromagnetism body, and the magnetic field of magnet forms the magnetic circuit of short circuit between the ferromagnetism body, and magnetic field can not arrive brake drum basically.
The problem of above-mentioned eddy current speed reducer is, with the magnet carrying cylinder from application position when non-braking position switches, owing to make the rotating power of magnet carrying cylinder bigger, therefore essential actuator (actuator) (hydraulic actuator etc.), the loading difficulty on automobile of increasing.Therefore, be willing to that as the spy flat 2-112026 number (braking drum type) and spy are willing to that flat 2-201817 number (braking dish-type) is disclosed, supporting moving-magnet carrying cylinder of magnet or magnet support ring and not moving magnet carrying cylinder or magnet support ring are set, moving-magnet carrying cylinder or magnet support ring are done positive and negative rotation with the disposition interval of magnet, carry out the switching of non-braking and braking thus.According to such eddy current speed reducer, half motion of whole magnet is got final product, therefore moving-magnet carrying cylinder or the rotating power of magnet support ring are died down, but see that from the structure aspect number of components increases, manufacturing cost increases.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes in view of the above problems, and its objective is provides a kind of eddy current speed reducer, can carry out the switching of non-braking and braking by the as far as possible little actuator of operating physical force.
For addressing the above problem, structure of the present invention is a kind of eddy current speed reducer, wherein is equipped with the brake drum that is incorporated on the gyroaxis; Be equipped on this brake drum inside have inside that section is rectangle and a motionless guide cylinder that constitutes by nonmagnetic material; Can positive and negatively be bearing in the magnet carrying cylinder of the inside of aforementioned guide cylinder pivotally; And polarity relative with the inner peripheral surface of aforementioned brake drum along the circumferential direction differently is combined in a plurality of magnet on the outer peripheral face of aforementioned magnet carrying cylinder mutually; The ferromagnetism body that on the part relative, forms with aforementioned each magnet of the urceolus portion of aforementioned guide cylinder; Make the used actuator of the positive and negative revolution of aforementioned magnet carrying cylinder, it is characterized in that:
When braking,, aforementioned magnet carrying cylinder is turned round along the direction identical with the gyratory directions of aforementioned brake drum to application position from non-braking position by aforementioned actuator; This non-braking position is the positions of two different mutually magnet segment ground of polarity to common ferromagnetism body; This application position is that each magnet is respectively towards the position of each ferromagnetism body.
In addition, structure of the present invention is a kind of eddy current speed reducer, wherein is equipped with the brake puck that is incorporated on the gyroaxis; Have inside that section is rectangle and a motionless guide cylinder that constitutes by nonmagnetic material with at least one sidewall of this brake puck relatively sets; With respect to the aforementioned brake puck of aforementioned guide cylinder and a plurality of ferromagnetism bodies of on sidewall, along the circumferential direction equally spaced being provided with; Can positive and negatively be bearing in the magnet support ring of the inside of aforementioned guide cylinder pivotally; And polarity relative with aforementioned each ferromagnetism body along the circumferential direction differently is combined in a plurality of magnet on the aforementioned magnet support ring mutually; Make the used actuator of the positive and negative revolution of aforementioned magnet support ring, it is characterized in that: when braking, pass through aforementioned actuator, make aforementioned magnet support ring from the non-braking position of mutually different two the magnet segment ground of polarity to common ferromagnetism body,, turn round respectively towards the application position of each ferromagnetism body to each magnet along the direction identical with the gyratory directions of aforementioned brake puck.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the side sectional drawing of eddy current speed reducer of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the front sectional drawing of this eddy current speed reducer.
Fig. 3 is this eddy current speed reducer front sectional drawing in non-when braking.
Fig. 4 is the side view of spring used in the actuator of this eddy current speed reducer.
Fig. 5 is the side view of spring used in the actuator of this eddy current speed reducer.
Fig. 6 is the curve chart of the characteristic of this spring of expression.
Fig. 7 is the curve chart that is illustrated in from application position pushing force of necessary actuator when non-braking position switches the magnet carrying cylinder.
Fig. 8 is the front sectional drawing that is applicable to the eddy current speed reducer of other form of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the side sectional drawing of this eddy current speed reducer.
Figure 10 is this eddy current speed reducer expansion plane sectional drawing in non-when braking.
Expansion plane sectional drawing when Figure 11 is this eddy current speed reducer braking.
Embodiment
In occasion from non-braking position to application position that switch the magnet carrying cylinder from, with make the magnet carrying cylinder and compare to the rotating situation of direction opposite with the gyratory directions of brake drum, make the magnet carrying cylinder when the gyratory directions with brake drum turns round in the same way, the rotating power of magnet carrying cylinder can be reduced.
[embodiment]
As shown in Figure 1, 2, eddy current speed reducer of the present invention, the moving-magnet carrying cylinder 14 in the guide cylinder 10 that has the brake drum 7 that for example constitutes, constitutes by the nonmagnetic material that is provided in brake drum 7 inside, the rectangular inside of section that is contained in guide cylinder 10 by the conductor on the output gyroaxis 1 that is combined in transmission for vehicle.Brake drum 7 overlaps the flange part 5a of protruding seat 5 end wall with the brake drum 3 of parking brake by on the chimeric mounting flange 2 that is fixed on the gyroaxis 1 of spline, and fixed with a plurality of screws 4 and nut.On a plurality of supporting arms (spoke) 6 that extend radially from protruding seat 5, be combined with the cardinal extremity of the brake drum 7 that possesses fin 8.
The guide cylinder 10 that section is rectangle for example will be combined with the cylindrical shell of C font section by the end wall 11 that annular plate constitutes and constitute.Guide cylinder 10 is fixed on the gear box of speed changer for example by suitable parts.In a plurality of openings 25 that on the 10a of urceolus portion of guide cylinder 10, along the circumferential direction equally spaced are provided with, be combined with ferromagnetism body (pole piece) 15 respectively.Preferably, ferromagnetism body 15 is cast in the aluminium of guide cylinder 10 when casting.Strictly speaking, if consider from the intensity aspect of guide cylinder 10, then only needing will be promptly enough as nonmagnetic material in conjunction with the 10a of urceolus portion of ferromagnetism body 15.In addition, the 10a of urceolus portion of the guide cylinder 10 that is rectangle of section also can adopt and specially be willing to flat 11-250835 number and the special composite material that ferromagnetism body and nonmagnetic material (perhaps weak magnetic substance) are constituted integratedly of being willing to be proposed in flat 11-064840 number.
Moving-magnet carrying cylinder 14 by magnetic constitutes can positive and negatively be bearing on the inner cylinder portion 10b pivotally by bearing 12 in the inside of guide cylinder 10.From the arm 16 that magnet carrying cylinder 14 extends vertically, the circular arc crack 18a that is provided with on the end wall of guide cylinder 10 is connected on the bar of actuator 20.Magnet carrying cylinder 14 is combined with the magnet 24 relative with each ferromagnetism body 15 on outer peripheral face, wherein relative with ferromagnetism body 15 polarity is along the circumferential direction different mutually.
Make magnet carrying cylinder 14 positive and negative rotating actuators 20 insert piston 17 in cylinder 18, mark off end chamber 31,32, the bar 33 that is incorporated on the piston 17 is outstanding to the outside from end chamber 32.Bar 34 is connected to from magnet carrying cylinder 14 on the outstanding arm 16 in the outside of guide cylinder 10 by pin.Bar 33 is connected in the mode that is no more than predetermined angle of bend by pin with bar 34.
When non-braking, as shown in Figure 3,, relative with common ferromagnetism body 15 parts at mutual 2 the different magnet 24 of polarity that the circumferencial direction of magnet carrying cylinder 14 is arranged.At this moment, magnet 24 forms the magnetic circuit w of short circuit between each ferromagnetism body 15 and magnet carrying cylinder 14, and magnetic field can not arrive on the brake drum 7 basically.
When braking, as shown in Figure 2, each magnet 24 of magnet carrying cylinder 14 is respectively towards each ferromagnetism body 15.Magnet 24 produces magnetic field through ferromagnetism body 15 on brake drum 7.When rotating brake drum 7 crosscut magnetic fields, vortex flow flows through brake drum 7, produces braking moment on brake drum 7.At this moment, each magnet 24 forms magnetic circuit z between brake drum 7 and magnet carrying cylinder 14.
Shown in the line among Fig. 7 72,73, when the rotating speed of brake drum 7 is 3600rpm, at magnet carrying cylinder 14 from non-braking position to the rotating occasion of application position, with magnet carrying cylinder 14 to the pushing force (line 73,73a) of the rotating actuator 20 of the gyratory directions y of brake drum 7 than magnet carrying cylinder 14 is little to the rotating pushing force of the rightabout of the gyratory directions of brake drum 7 (line 72,72a), so just can reduce the capacity of actuator 20.This can be by nearest booming dynamic electromagnetic field analytic technique, can produce impedance magnetic field by the vortex flow that inside produced of brake drum 7 and understand when braking, can calculate the power that makes 14 actions of magnet carrying cylinder.That is to say,, magnet carrying cylinder 14 has been played effect to the power of the gyratory directions pushing of brake drum 7 owing to repel each other by the magnetic field of impedance magnetic field that vortex flow produced that produces in the brake drum 7 and magnet 24 generations.Therefore, the present invention is in order to be transformed into application position from non-braking position, and the gyratory directions y that makes magnet carrying cylinder 14 travel directions and brake drum 7 is same direction.
But, in above-mentioned occasion, when with magnet carrying cylinder 14 from application position when non-braking position switches, the gyratory directions of magnet carrying cylinder 14 becomes the direction opposite with the gyratory directions of brake drum 7, because the fault of control device etc., actuator (pneumatic cylinder etc.) 20 makes magnet carrying cylinder 14 just inoperative to the power that non-braking position returns.Particularly, at the lower occasion of the rotating ratio of brake drum 7 (for example below the 2000rpm), that magnet carrying cylinder 14 is less the only about half of stroke from the application position to the non-braking position from the returning place force that application position turns back to non-braking position.That is to say, during the non-high speed rotary of brake drum 7,, therefore be preferably in the end chamber 32 of actuator 20 springs that return to non-braking position from application position are set because magnet carrying cylinder 14 can not self-return.In this occasion, for the power that suppresses magnet carrying cylinder 14 is moved to application position from non-braking position as far as possible, the bounce of spring particularly, as Fig. 4, shown in 5, preferably in the inside of the end chamber 32 of actuator 20 or guide cylinder 10, hold return spring 35 or nonlinear spring 36, wherein return spring 35 the only about half of stroke from the application position to the non-braking position (magnet leave the ferromagnetism body near, correctly say according to the length of the circumferencial direction of ferromagnetism body and magnet and more or less different at interval) in exert pressure, and nonlinear spring 36 is by the only about half of stroke from the application position to the non-braking position time, and the constant of spring reduces sharp.
The spring wire diameter of the end 35a that joins with piston 17 of spring 35 as shown in Figure 4 is less, and the spring wire diameter of the end that joins with cylinder 18 is bigger.Shown in the line among Fig. 6 62, in the only about half of stroke from the application position to the non-braking position, the returning place force of spring 35 can act on the piston 17 of actuator 20, and surpass when only about half of when the stroke of piston 17, because the impedance magnetic field of between the ferromagnetism body 15 of the 10a of urceolus portion of the magnet 24 of magnet carrying cylinder 14 and guide cylinder 10, working, magnet carrying cylinder 14 just is subjected to the rightabout moment with gyratory directions y, thereby turns back to non-braking position.
The spring wire equal diameters of spring 36 as shown in Figure 5, to the end that joins with cylinder 18, the diameter of spring coil increases gradually from the end 36a that joins with piston 17.Can learn by the characteristic shown in the line 63 of Fig. 6, can obtain the return that returns smoothly to non-braking position from the application position of magnet carrying cylinder 14.When the position of magnet 24 was to a little non-braking position one side's changing of the relative positions when braking, in the high speed rotary zone of brake drum 7, magnet carrying cylinder 14 can turn back to non-braking position from application position easily.
Among the embodiment shown in Fig. 8～11, eddy current speed reducer have by be incorporated on the gyroaxis 42 about the brake puck 43 that constitutes of the 1 pair of conductor, the motionless guide cylinder 61 that constitutes by the nonmagnetic material that is equipped between the brake puck 43, the magnet support ring 50 that can positive and negatively be bearing in the inside of guide cylinder 61 pivotally.Brake puck 43 with wind-guiding road 43c forms with a plurality of supporting arm 43b that extend along the radiation direction from protruding seat 43a, and protruding seat 43a is attached on the gyroaxis 42 by spline.
Guide cylinder 61 forms with a plurality of supporting arm 45b that extend along the radiation direction from protruding seat 45a, and protruding seat 45a is bearing on the gyroaxis 42 by bearing 44.Guide cylinder 61 is fixed on the gear box of speed changer for example by suitable parts.A plurality of ferromagnetism bodies 46 along the circumferential direction equally spaced are combined on the two side of guide cylinder 61.Magnet support ring 50 is rotatably supported in the inside of guide cylinder 61 by bearing 47.On magnet support ring 50, set the magnet 52 relative with each ferromagnetism body 46.Contain the thin slide plate 54 that is soaked with lubricating oil and be combined on the two sides of magnet support ring 50, slip with ferromagnetism body 46.
As shown in Figure 9, sector magnet 52 is provided on the magnet support ring 50, its with each ferromagnetism body 46 relatively and the relative polarity of itself and ferromagnetism body 46 along the circumferential direction different mutually.On formed operative gear 58 on the periphery wall of magnet support ring 50, meshing the pinion 55 of the actuator (motor) 56 that is fixed on the motionless guide cylinder 61, the tooth pitch p of half that magnet support ring 50 can only positive and negative revolution magnet 52.
During non-braking, as shown in figure 10, different mutually 2 magnet 52 of polarity are partly towards common ferromagnetism body 46, about produce the magnetic circuit w of short circuit between 1 pair the ferromagnetism body 46, can on brake puck 43, not produce magnetic field.During braking, as shown in figure 11, when making magnet support ring 50 only turn round half tooth pitch p of magnet 52 by motor 56, each magnet 52 is just all towards each ferromagnetism body 46.Therefore, each magnet 52 produces magnetic field through ferromagnetism body 46 on brake puck 43.During rotating brake puck 43 crosscut magnetic fields, just produce vortex flow on brake puck 43, brake puck 43 just is subjected to braking moment.At this moment, between 1 pair of brake puck 43, produce magnetic circuit z.
In the present embodiment, during braking,, make magnet support ring 50 common equidirectional revolution of gyratory directions y to the application position edge from non-braking position with brake puck 43 by actuator (motor) 56.This non-braking position is the positions of 2 mutually different magnet 52 parts of polarity towards common ferromagnetism body 46, and application position is that each magnet 52 is respectively towards the position of each ferromagnetism body 46.
Shown in Fig. 8～11, eddy current speed reducer about set guide cylinder 61 and magnet support ring 50 between the 1 pair of brake puck 43, but the present invention also is applicable to the eddy current speed reducer that sets guide cylinder 61 and magnet support ring 50 in the one-sided or both sides of 1 brake puck.In this occasion, on the sidewall relative with the brake puck of the guide cylinder that constitutes by nonmagnetic material, a plurality of ferromagnetism bodies along the circumferential direction uniformly-spaced are provided with, magnet at magnet support ring 50 upper supports that are made of magnetic, the polarity that this magnet is relative and relative with the ferromagnetism body with each ferromagnetism body is along the circumferential direction different mutually.
The present invention is applicable to the disclosed brake puck type of Unexamined Patent 1-298947 communique Eddy current speed reducer also is applicable to when non-braking to the brake body Unexamined Patent of leakage field not The disclosed vortex flow such as 6-38504 communique, Unexamined Patent 2000-116106 communique is slowed down Device. And, the present invention also be applicable to the flat 8-257521 of Patent number disclosed have a plurality of The eddy current speed reducer of moving-magnet carrying cylinder. As actuator, except hydraulic actuator, Also can adopt motor actuator (motor, servomotor, voice coil motor, linear motor etc.).
According to the present invention, when braking, by making magnet carrying cylinder and brake drum common time Veer is turned round equidirectionally, because the magnet carrying cylinder is returned Turn to, so actuator can miniaturization, can save air in the occasion of using pneumatic actuator Consumption.
Return the occasion of non-braking position at the magnet carrying cylinder, by turning back to actuator one The end chamber of side holds the active spring of returning place force till stroke only about half of, even Low speed turning circle at brake drum also can be supplied with forced air to the end chamber, therefore passes through The returning place force that the returning place force of spring and impedance magnetic field cause, it is non-that the magnet carrying cylinder is turned back to Application position.
With the disclosed eddy current speed reducer phase in the past such as the flat 2-112026 of Patent number Ratio, structure become simple, and number of components reduces, and can save manufacturing cost.
Claims (4)
1. an eddy current speed reducer wherein is equipped with the brake drum that is incorporated on the gyroaxis; Be equipped on this brake drum inside have inside that section is rectangle and a motionless guide cylinder that constitutes by nonmagnetic material; Can positive and negatively be bearing in the magnet carrying cylinder of the inside of aforementioned guide cylinder pivotally; And polarity relative with the inner peripheral surface of aforementioned brake drum along the circumferential direction differently is combined in a plurality of magnet on the outer peripheral face of aforementioned magnet carrying cylinder mutually; The ferromagnetism body that on the part relative, forms with aforementioned each magnet of the urceolus portion of aforementioned guide cylinder; Make the used actuator of the positive and negative revolution of aforementioned magnet carrying cylinder, it is characterized in that:
When braking,, aforementioned magnet carrying cylinder is turned round along the direction identical with the gyratory directions of aforementioned brake drum to application position from non-braking position by aforementioned actuator; This non-braking position is the positions of two different mutually magnet segment ground of polarity to common ferromagnetism body; This application position is that each magnet is respectively towards the position of each ferromagnetism body.
2. an eddy current speed reducer wherein is equipped with the brake puck that is incorporated on the gyroaxis; Have inside that section is rectangle and a motionless guide cylinder that constitutes by nonmagnetic material with at least one sidewall of this brake puck relatively sets; With respect to the aforementioned brake puck of aforementioned guide cylinder and a plurality of ferromagnetism bodies of on sidewall, along the circumferential direction equally spaced being provided with; Can positive and negatively be bearing in the magnet support ring of the inside of aforementioned guide cylinder pivotally; And polarity relative with aforementioned each ferromagnetism body along the circumferential direction differently is combined in a plurality of magnet on the aforementioned magnet support ring mutually; Make the used actuator of the positive and negative revolution of aforementioned magnet support ring, it is characterized in that:
When braking, pass through aforementioned actuator, make aforementioned magnet support ring from the non-braking position of mutually different two the magnet segment ground of polarity to common ferromagnetism body,, turn round respectively towards the application position of each ferromagnetism body to each magnet along the direction identical with the gyratory directions of aforementioned brake puck.
3. eddy current speed reducer as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: spring is contained in the inside of aforementioned actuator or the inside of aforementioned guide cylinder, wherein when non-braking, this spring aforementioned magnet carrying cylinder of pushing and it is returned in half the stroke from the application position to the non-braking position.
4. eddy current speed reducer as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: spring is contained in the inside of aforementioned actuator or the inside of aforementioned guide cylinder, wherein when non-braking, this spring in half the stroke from the application position to the non-braking position with predetermined power, and after this in whole strokes to press aforementioned magnet carrying cylinder and it returned than above-mentioned predetermined little the trying hard to recommend of power.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP291502/2000 | 2000-09-26 | ||
| JP2000291502A JP3882488B2 (en) | 2000-09-26 | 2000-09-26 | Eddy current reducer |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1347187A CN1347187A (en) | 2002-05-01 |
| CN1263213C true CN1263213C (en) | 2006-07-05 |
Family
ID=18774561
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01124272 Expired - Fee Related CN1263213C (en) | 2000-09-26 | 2001-09-25 | Eddy current speed reducer |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3882488B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1263213C (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103036296B (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2016-01-27 | 慈溪易倍贸易有限公司 | Energy-efficient, environment-friendly automobiles electromagnetic brake |
-
2000
- 2000-09-26 JP JP2000291502A patent/JP3882488B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-09-25 CN CN 01124272 patent/CN1263213C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2002101641A (en) | 2002-04-05 |
| CN1347187A (en) | 2002-05-01 |
| JP3882488B2 (en) | 2007-02-14 |
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| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20060705 Termination date: 20100925 |