CN1262186A

CN1262186A - Deforming vehicle wheel

Info

Publication number: CN1262186A
Application number: CN 99114647
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙继华
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1999-01-28
Filing date: 1999-01-28
Publication date: 2000-08-09
Anticipated expiration: 2019-01-28
Also published as: CN1199816C

Abstract

A deformable wheel of vehicle has a compound track chain ring which covers over the outward convex roller group of wheel bridge. Said roller group has guide track wheels which is obliquely rolling on segmental track fixed transversely. The bearing wheels are vertically rolling on the bearing surface of segmental track to horizontally distribute the stress of vehicle body. Its advantages are point or plane contact with ground, different appearance structures, high trafficability same as caterpillar belt, low inner consumption same as ordinary vehicle wheel, low resistance and sterring torque, and less possessed space of vehicle body.

Description

Deformed wheel

The present invention relates to a kind of cross-country walk device, the special rolling part that relates to the cross-country walk device in addition.

Rolling walking device divides two kinds on wheel and crawler belt.Wheel is point type with ground and contacts, and friction coefficient is little, and steering torque is little, and the in-fighting of advancing is little, and its cross country power is directly proportional with wheel footpath size.Though existing technology can expand to wheel diameter about two meter five, but its huge wheel body has tied up too much vehicle body space, the available space that subtracts car body is also all the more decreased in the space that turns to that it is required, along with taking turns the increasing of footpath, wheel itself is also just more and more heavier, and its practicality also just worse and worse.In view of this, the mankind have invented cterpillar drive, crawler belt is the face formula with ground and contacts, little to ground-surface compressive load per unit area than wheel, can travel in soft area, its through performance is good, the drawbar efficiency height, but tracklaying vehicle is when crossing the convex obstacle, because crawler belt forms semi-surrounding situation to obstacle, its tensile stress concentrates on crawler belt and turns around the place, shows as huge friction drag on tension wheel and drive wheel, and each caterpillar wheel in the endless track all will expend huge power successively and crosses same convex obstacle.Tracklaying vehicle is when turning to, and crawler belt is fiercely sheared ground, produces the scraping phenomenon, and biography is strengthened suddenly to resistance.Even if tracklaying vehicle travels in hard flat road surface, the rough rib of itself and sting the in-fighting power that has all greatly increased cterpillar drive with swiped the mutually shoe of solid band effect of tape guide roller.

The objective of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned existing wheel and crawler belt technology, provide a kind of between circular wheel and crawler belt, have the deformed wheel arbitrarily of both advantages concurrently.This deformed wheel its part of rolling on hard flat road surface has the same low friction coefficient with circular wheel and steering torque, on soft terrain and during crossing over blockage, this deformed wheel has the same high anti-depression with cterpillar drive and crosses the ability of vertical wall, and loss-rate cterpillar drive reduces greatly in it.

Second purpose of the present invention provides a kind of compound cterpillar drive.It has than higher cross-country traveling ability of traditional cterpillar drive and much lower power consumption.

The 3rd purpose of the present invention provides a kind of wheelchair.This wheelchair has stronger cross country power and anti-tipping ability.

The 4th purpose of the present invention provides a kind of glider.This glider can adapt to the road surface of multiple different brackets.

The 5th purpose of the present invention provides a kind of running gear.This device has the off-road capability that surpasses existing wheel technology and is lower than the steering torque and the running resistance of existing crawler belt technology.

The 6th purpose of the present invention provide a kind of can series connected two-wheeled cross-country car.This car can single travels, and also can connect and travel, and its cross-country traveling ability is strong, and in-fighting power is little.

The 7th purpose of the present invention provides a kind of armoring tank track.The ability of explosion-proof, crashproof, anti-armour-piercing that this crawler belt has has lower in-fighting simultaneously.

The 8th purpose of the present invention provides a kind of running gear of low center of gravity.The rolled portion branch of this device is wrapped in outside this device, so this device has extremely low center of gravity and takes turns arc, cross-country traveling ability and anti-tipping property height greatly.

For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts a kind of rail chain composite structure, and it will save the rail series connection by messenger chain, and is again that this compound rail chain is topped closedly on the wheel crane span structure that is configured to by wheel bridge and roller set, Zhi Chong.In operational process, compound rail chain is in wheel bridge upper roller with between the ground, on every joint joint rail position, at least to more than one caterpillar wheel and a pair of assembly pulley that becomes with the upper rail wheels should be arranged.Described caterpillar wheel in wheel bridge upper edge its bottom cambered surface make vertical configuration, linear distribution and rolls on the corresponding vertical surface of joint rail in the vertical race of wheel bridge, play main Zhi Chongzuo with and vertical vertical rail effect of consolidating.Described guide rail wheel is done skewed in its bottom cambered surface of wheel bridge upper edge, linear distribution and rolls on the corresponding dip plane of joint rail in wheel bridge inclination race, play auxiliary Zhi Chongzuo with and transverse horizontal rail effect admittedly.Described string rail chains round is topped on the wheel bridge, to save rail in the stage casing of every joint joint rail and do movable series connection, envoy's rail can move with chain, can become the point type connection with chain at place, wheel bridge two ends again and two ends are peeled off, thereby can rotate with chain, this string rail chain is born the transmission stress of joint rail simultaneously.

Another keystone configuration of the present invention is rail chain combined type deformed wheel.This wheel is topped on the wheel bridge of a pair of camber line evagination symmetry of fitting dorsad by closed ground of compound rail chain annular, makes the wheel bridge on propping up heavy become a firm sealed whole body.Whole heavy frame saves the gravity horizontal distribution on the rail corresponding by the roller set on the wheel bridge, and makes rolling movement with respect to the joint rail.Described compound rail chain is made of the Zhi Chongjie rail and the rail chain that will save rail series connection and play gearing, and described joint rail can be the complex of sandwich.If any the tire structure or do not have the tire structure or Polymer Synthesizing protecting against shock structure etc.Described roller set can be to be made up of the vertical caterpillar wheel of at least one alignment distribution and the inclined guide rails wheel of two alignment distributions on wheel bridge cambered surface, this roller set is made rolling movement on the rigidity face of joint rail, and horizontal distribution is propped up stress on the heavy frame on the joint rail level.The type of drive of described deformed wheel can adopt transmission shaft to drive sprocket wheel again by chain sprocket drive string rail chain, or the gear transmission sprocket wheel, again by chain sprocket drive string rail chain, or driving chain drive sprocket wheel, drive by suitable modes such as chain sprocket drive string rail chains again.The deformed shape of deformed wheel can be olive shape, ellipse, ship shape, bullet-headed, circle etc., and it is taken turns bridge curvature and decides with need.The two ends of deformed wheel are provided with bumper/spoiler or guard rail wheel; in order to the joint rail of the perk of moving because of rotating with string rail chain in the deformed wheel rear and front end is protected; avoid the direct collision of foreign object and embed joint rail gap causing running to pause; one end sprocket wheel of described deformed wheel is born the tensioning regulating action to string rail chain simultaneously, keeps and revises compound rail chain fitting tightly with roller set.Can install shock absorption devices such as damping spring or damping module additional on the axle of roller set, so that pair of rollers saves being more evenly distributed of rail stress.The branched keypoint of deformed wheel can be selected in the wheel bridge and prop up any part on the heavy frame, as long as energy tight pulley bridge making it not do to rotate motion just.

The side view of joint rail can be suitable shapes such as oblong, prismatic.Do fan-shaped distribution the joint rail its face the gap mutually and minimize, can avoid the embedding of taper obstacle, add the auxiliary of anti-slip tank, make the relative ground of wheel body outer arc in the motion become a vertebration integral body.Joint rail branch has tire and no tire two big classes, it can be that the inner tube of a tyre adds cover tire that tire joint rail is arranged, it also can be the compound tire of protecting against shock etc., no tire joint rail can be smooth sphere or an arc surfaced of bottom, also can be anti-skidding steel nail or steel knife shape etc., also can utilize the particular principles of rail chain structure will save explosion-proof, the anti-armour-piercing crawler belt that rail is made MULTILAYER COMPOSITE.

For revising the loose chain situation that string rail chain is in operation and causes after the wearing and tearing, enough elastic tension spaces should be arranged on the bearing of tension wheel, or install suitable tensioning control apparatus such as tensioning set screw at bearing portion additional, can install the sealing mudwing additional in wheel bridge both sides.

The noise of impact roll respectively is provided with a pair of roller that rolls topped rubber on the face on the at both ends wheel bridge when turning round for reducing to save rail, and this roller slightly protrudes than other roller of doing arc shooting.

Deformed wheel running resistance of the present invention is little, turn to flexibly, its super large circular arc is not subjected to the wheel body limitation in height, its wheel body can not take the car body available space, there is high crossing ability on soft muddy ground, and its anti-skidding, anti-depression performance is similar in appearance to common cterpillar drive, when meeting with the convex obstacle, the increasing of its stress response time because of the wheel arc shifts to an earlier date, and obstacle is to traffic blows thereby can reduce at double.Utilize rolling walking device of the present invention can produce many unprecedented vehicles.

When the present invention is used for cross-country car, engineering truck, fight car, mine vehicle and other special cars, can greatly strengthen and change the cross-country traveling ability and the alerting ability of these vehicles, reduce the energy consumption of these vehicles.

The good effect that the present invention produces not only is to strengthen and change the rideability of existing various vehicles, and is to utilize deformed wheel technology of the present invention can produce some the unprecedented vehicles such as wheelchair, two-wheel cross-country car that surround cross-country car, the roly-poly type of vehicle body with wheel.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described in further detail.

Fig. 1 is the front view of deformed wheel of the present invention, and part sectional view.

Fig. 2 is compound rail chain with the effect of wheel bridge upper roller, and mechanism and structural representation are along cutaway view that Figure 1A-the A line is got.

Fig. 3 is that compound rail chain lists intention with the mechanism of action of taking turns the bridge upper roller and structure variation act.

Fig. 4 is that string rail chain is with the lateral plan that tire formula joint rail is arranged.

Fig. 5 is that the scheme drawing that heavy formula has tire joint rail is propped up at the center.

Fig. 1 is a kind of basic variation shape of the rolling part of cross-country walk device, the olive shape wheel.The deformed wheel of this shape can satisfy the basic demand to wheel great circle arc, short yardstick, low center of gravity, small size.The wheel bridge 2 that the rolling part of this deformed wheel is closed by a pair of arch becomes the olive shape of a camber line evagination symmetry continuously by a weighing arm 6 and a heavy crossbeam 5, on 2 domed on wheel bridge, have at least one perpendicular grooves 24 along its vertical cambered surface, wherein inlay row's roller 3 and be distributed in the main caterpillar wheel 3 that saves on the rail 1 as taking turns the suffered stress level of crane span structure.The distributed quantity of this caterpillar wheel 3 on corresponding joint rail 12 is directly proportional with joint rail 1 vertical margin of stability in the vertical, on 2 domed on wheel bridge, have pair of angled groove 25 along its vertical cambered surface, wherein inlay two row's rollers 4 as taking turns the main guide rail wheel 4 of the suffered stress transverse distribution of crane span structure on joint rail 1, the distributed quantity of this guide rail wheel 4 on corresponding joint rail 1 is directly proportional with the lateral stability coefficient of joint rail 1, and this guide rail wheel 4 also rises and assists Zhi Chongzuo to use simultaneously.Caterpillar wheel 3 with guide rail wheel 4 on the complex of annular topped joint rail 1 and string rail chain 11, this complex is around roller 3 and 4 motion that rotates under the drive of driving chain wheel 7.Driving chain wheel 7 can be fixed on the heavy crossbeam 5, string rail chain 11 carries out movable connection at a certain the Duan Tongjie rail 1 of every joint joint rail 1, reaching is tandem drive joint rail 1, and can be at wheel bridge 2 two ends freely around song, the long joint rail 1 of respective pitches can temporarily be peeled off with string rail chain 11 at its two ends, maximum camber place, and rotate freely with string rail chain 11.One end of deformed wheel can be by driving chain wheel 7 initiatively around song string rail chain 11 transferring power, and the other end can be passive around 11 envoy's rails, 1 revolution of song string rail chain and maintenance joint rail 1 fitting tightly with roller 3 and 4 by the elastic tension sprocket wheel.Joint rail 1 on the string rail chain 11 is made the linear distribution of continuous curvature on roller 3 and 4, it faces joint mutually and fits tightly between the rail 1, around with the common degree fan-segmentations such as theoretical center of circle work of wheel bridge 2, thereby shown by 1 pair of earth bulging of series connected joint rail and not allowed foreign matter to embed therebetween globality and motion continuity.The axle center of string rail chain 11 is parallel with the rail level of joint rail 1 or be higher than the rail level vertex, when making string rail chain 11 make little circular arc to rotate, faces joint rail 1 mutually and does not conflict, and string rail chain 11 is connected as point type with saving rail 1 by the binding pull bar on the sleeve 23.

Shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 be have the compound joint rail of tire formula with the mechanism of action of roller set on the rigidity face 13 of joint rail 1, make relative rolling movement with caterpillar wheel 3 applyings for heavy 20, guide pass 21 is fitted with guide rail wheel 4 and is made relative rolling movement, rigidity string rail chain 11 can be many and use joint rail 1 is carried out transmission that it is stable that biography rail chain 11 keeps saving rail 1 direction under the rolling of roller together with tension wheel.Under the rigidity face of joint rail, embed the gram gas inner tube of a tyre 14 along rigidity tyre sidewall 18, the inner tube of a tyre 14 generally is spill, and cover tire 16 is by pressing tire bar 17 and pressing tire hoop 26 usefulness bolts 19 to be fastened on the tyre sidewall 18.In facing mutually on the end face of joint rail 1; with the gap is the center is provided with the certain density and the degree of depth on cover tire spill anti-slip tank 28; another of spill anti-slip tank 28 mainly acts on; even if allow joint rail 1 at two joint joints a bit of when not having on apart from internal segment rail 1 termination roller to make vertical stable function; also can avoid from earth bulging to the jacking of joint rail 1 termination and jolt; the length of anti-slip tank generally greater than between two vertical rollers apart from length, just can give full play to the 1 vertically vertical stable effect of protection joint rail.As can be seen from Figure 1, every joint joint rail 1 is made continuous linear distribution in the fan-segmentation mode around wheel bridge 2 outer arcs, and the joint rail 1 of linear distribution is with wheel bridge 2 shared theoretical centre points continuously.1 gap of joint rail 1 envoy's rail of doing fan-shaped distribution minimizes, and the auxiliary energy that adds anti-slip tank 28 effectively prevents the embedding of ground obstacle, and the closing plate 10 in wheel bridge 2 both sides stops the rubble silts to scatter wherein.The transmission of joint rail 1 drives string rail chain 11 by sprocket wheel 7 and finishes; the transmission of sprocket wheel 7 drives messenger chain 8 by center drive 9 and finishes; the joint rail 1 that rotates in the motion is subjected to the protection of spherical bumper/spoiler 12 in the rear and front end of deformed wheel; guide rail wheel 4 is done skewed being symmetrically distributed on the guide face 21 that saves rail 1; 21 degree of dip of this guide pass is vertical unanimity with the degree of dip of guide rail wheel 4; caterpillar wheel 3 can be as shown in Figure 2; making two group arranged distribution props up on heavy 20 in two symmetries of joint rail 1; also can be as shown in Figure 3, the single group arrangement of do is distributed in propping up on heavy 20 of joint rail 1 between two parties.The tire formula that has shown in Fig. 1-5 saves rail, the inner tube of a tyre 14 is the spill that matches with rigidity joint rail tyre sidewall 18, cover tire 16 is fastened on the cover tire edge on the basin shape tyre sidewall 18 of joint rail 1 by screw 19 by pressing the tire bar, anti-slip tank 28 places at joint rail 1 two ends by press tire hoop 26 fixedly cover tire 16 on the tyre sidewall 18 that saves rail 1 termination.

In embodiment 1, can make the wheelchair of low center of gravity according to above deformed wheel technology.This wheelchair has a pair of with the same height of typical circular wheel, and wheel arc radius reaches the deformed wheel of typical circular wheel several times even tens of times.The center of gravity of this wheelchair is lower than center of arc's point of deformed wheel on the wheelchair all the time, and this wheelchair has especially as the overlength arc as the toy wooden horse, thereby this wheelchair promptly possessed the anti-tipping effect of roly-poly type, and can cross the obstacle that general circular wheelchair can not be crossed.

In embodiment 2, can be made into the two-wheel car of low center of gravity according to the technology of above deformed wheel.This car vehicle body is wrapped in the deformed wheel, because the two-wheel car bodywork height of this low center of gravity is equivalent to the wheel height, and its wheel arc length can reach several meters to tens of rice, thus the off-road capability of this car be similar to armored vehicle and in-fighting far below armored vehicle.On hard flat road surface, the running resistance of this car and steering torque all only are equivalent to general circular wheel formula vehicle, because this car has only two touchdown points, so reduce relative with ground-surface static friction.Meanwhile, the ground ability of grabbing of this kind vehicle but has no to weaken, and this car is when brake, and its inertia upwarps afterbody, directly bumps against as misfortune and obstacle, and its afterbody that upwarps can roll forward and alleviate the impact dynamics, increases occupant's safety factor.

In embodiment 3, can also make a kind of highway glider that can on asphalt surface, slide according to above deformed wheel technology.This glider comprises deformed wheel and load-bearing footboard, and this footboard is connected on the wheel crane span structure of deformed wheel, and the height of this deformed wheel is advisable about with 100mm, and it is long that length can suitably exceed glider's pedal plate.This glider has been owing to adopted and become driving crop rotation pulley, thereby its ability of crossing to the rubble obstacle is equivalent to co-altitude circle wheel roller skate several times to tens times, even hundreds of times.For rubble, the radius of wheel of the sliding shape device of deformed wheel can be the number rice diameter, can install additional on this glider footboard and slide footwear.

According to above deformed wheel technology, the running gear that can also make many unprecedented special shapes and structure uses for special purpose.

Claims

1, a kind of compound cterpillar drive, this device comprises actuating element, power pack section, body portion and other particular instrument, it is characterized in that: the roller set that the vertical caterpillar wheel with at least one row of the symmetrical bevelled guide rail wheel of two rows on the rolled portion branch of this running gear comprises ship shape wheel bridge and is installed in wheel bridge extrados is formed, the topped compound rail chain of being made up of string rail chain and joint rail of this roller set outer ring is as the crawler belt of this roller set, the joint rail is provided with for inclined guide rails wheel fit inclined guide rails face that rolls and the heavy face of Horizontal Branch of fitting and rolling for vertical caterpillar wheel, and the transmission of this crawler belt is finished by the drive sprocket that the is located at wheel bridge termination string rail chain of reeling.

2, a kind of deformable wheel that is used for the cross-country walk device, the symmetrical bevelled guide rail wheel of two rows on this wheel comprises the symmetrical wheel bridge of fitting of a pair of camber line evagination and is installed in wheel bridge extrados and the roller set of the vertical caterpillar wheel composition of at least one row, the topped crawler belt of forming by string rail chain and joint rail of this roller set outer ring, the Horizontal Branch that supplies the inclined guide rails face of inclined guide rails wheel applying rolling on the joint rail and roll for vertical caterpillar wheel applying weighs face, the joint rail is made the linear distribution of continuous curvature on the bridge and is that fan-segmentation is done at the center with the wheel bridge arc center of circle at wheel, and the transmission of rail chain is finished by the drive sprocket that the is located at wheel bridge termination string rail chain of reeling.

3, a kind of cross-country walk device, this device comprises actuating element, power pack section, body portion and roll part and other particular instrument, it is characterized in that: deformed wheel as claimed in claim 2 is partly adopted in the rolling of this cross-country walk device.

4, according to the rolling part of the described running gear of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: the described bridge of taking turns props up heavy crossbeam two ends and also is provided with bumper/spoiler and is used for the joint rail of the motion of doing in wheel bridge termination to reel is protected.

5, according to the rolling part of the described running gear of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: the described bridge of taking turns props up heavy crossbeam two ends and also respectively is provided with a pair of guard rail wheel, and this guard rail wheel can improve the vertical wall ability.

6, according to the described running gear of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: the bottom surface of described joint rail is equipped with inflatable inner tube, and this inner tube of a tyre is fastened on the tyre sidewall of rigidity joint rail by cover tire.

7, according to the described running gear of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: on the described extrados of taking turns bridge, longitudinally have two rows and lay the inclined groove of guide rail wheel and the perpendicular grooves that at least one row lays caterpillar wheel.

8, according to claim 1,2,3 described running gears, it is characterized in that: the axle top of described caterpillar wheel and guide rail wheel is respectively equipped with shock attenuation unit.

9, according to the described running gear of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: the tensioning control apparatus that is provided with by movable sprocket of wheel bridge one end is adjusted rail chain tension force.

10, according to the described running gear of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: respectively there is one group of roller that rolls topped rubber on the face at wheel bridge two ends, the noise of impact roll when turning round in order to eliminate the joint rail.

11, according to the described running gear of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: the string rail chain of described crawler belt will save rail by movable sleeve pull bar and be connected into endless belt-shapedly, and the chain rivet axle center of string rail chain is in more than the highest rolling surface of joint rail.

12, according to the described running gear of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: the both sides of described tourelle are provided with the sealing mudwing.