CN1258676C - Method and device for evaluating anti-concavity of metal thin sheet - Google Patents
Method and device for evaluating anti-concavity of metal thin sheet Download PDFInfo
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- CN1258676C CN1258676C CN 01145711 CN01145711A CN1258676C CN 1258676 C CN1258676 C CN 1258676C CN 01145711 CN01145711 CN 01145711 CN 01145711 A CN01145711 A CN 01145711A CN 1258676 C CN1258676 C CN 1258676C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method and a device for evaluating the dent resistance of a metal thin plate. The device comprises a main body of the device, a loading mechanism, a measurement control mechanism and a press head, wherein the main body of the device comprises a portal frame structure for fixing the entire device, movable cross beams, a bracket of a test component, and a clamping structure of the test component; the loading mechanism comprises a loading oil cylinder for providing a static load; the measurement control mechanism comprises a load sensor and a displacement sensor; the movable cross beams are arranged in a span mode and arranged on vertical rods at both sides of the portal frame structure in a sliding mode; the loading oil cylinder is arranged on the movable cross beams; the press head is arranged under the movable cross beams and moves along with the movable cross beams; the test component is arranged under the press head; the displacement sensor is arranged on the vertical rod at one side of the test component; the load sensor is positioned between the press head and the movable cross beams. The method comprises the steps of static evaluation and dynamic evaluation, wherein during static evaluation, static loads applied on the test component by the press head, and displacement generated by the press head due to the application of the static loads are respectively used for measuring the dent resistance of the test component; during dynamic evaluation, dynamic energy applied on the test component by the press head through the free-falling body, and deformation generated by the test component due to the application of the dynamic energy are respectively used for measuring the dent resistance of the test component.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to appraisal procedure and device for a kind of anti-concavity of metal thin sheet.
Background technology
The assessment of the dent resistance of sheet metal is under the load effect outside of assessment sheet metal after the flexural deformation, the ability of its opposing depression.The parameter of dent resistance assessment mainly contains two, load and displacement.The method of assessment mainly contains two classes, static evaluation and dynamic evaluation, static assessment is meant that sheet metal is under static relatively condition, assessment to its dent resistance energy and load and displacement, dynamic assessment is meant under motion state, to the assessment of sheet metal impact energy that can bear and the displacement that depression takes place.Sheet metal is subjected to the external load effect, and elasticity and plastic yield take place, and test specimen opposing depression elasticity of flexure deformation ability is called anti-recessed rigidity (N/mm); After external load acquires a certain degree, remove load, the residual permanent indenture of test specimen surface local, it is resisted local indenture deformation ability and is called local dent resistance.The test assessment method that the evaluation of anti-concavity of metal thin sheet energy is lacked at present standard, metallurgy industry, automobile industry are in the exploratory stage, still there are not at present the method and the device that are specifically designed to the assessment sheet metal, research to it only limits to manual loading in certain framework, then to power value, the shift value record of force transducer and clock gauge, analyzed, can not be met the actual user demand of sheet metal.
Summary of the invention
The appraisal procedure and the device that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of anti-concavity of metal thin sheet, can both science under static and current intelligence, assess the dent resistance energy of sheet metal rationally, reliably, satisfy the actual user demand of sheet material, thereby provide numerical basis for rationalizing selection.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of dent resistance apparatus for evaluating of sheet metal, comprising: apparatus main body comprises portal frame construction, moving beam, test specimen carriage and the test specimen clamp structure of a fixing whole device; Load maintainer comprises a load cylinder that static load is provided; Measure control gear, comprise a load sensor, a displacement transducer; Pressure head; The flanging oil cylinder;
Moving beam across and be slidedly arranged on portal frame both sides montant, load cylinder places on the moving beam, pressure head is installed in below the load cylinder, the test specimen carriage is placed in the pressure head below, have the test specimen clamp structure that fixing test specimen is used on it, the displacement transducer of measuring displacement of pressing head is located on the montant of portal frame one side, measure pressure head to the load sensor of test specimen load between pressure head and load cylinder.
Static load that is applied on test specimen by pressure head during envelope test and pressure head be the displacement of generation therefore, measures the dent resistance of test specimen; On test specimen, apply the deflection that therefore dynamic power and test specimen produce by pressure head by freely falling body in the time of dynamically, measure the dent resistance of test specimen.
Measuring control structure also comprises: intelligent data amplifier, D/A digital to analog converter, servo-valve controller, A/D analog to digital converter, computing machine;
In the load measurement part, the intelligent data amplifier amplifies the load sensor signal as the prime simulating signal, adopts the A/D analog to digital converter in the computing machine, and carries out automatic zero set (AZS), fluid drive with D/A digital to analog converter pair amplifier, has improved precision greatly;
Displacement measurement partly adopts the displacement of displacement sensor pressure head, and the numerical value of measuring is input in the computing machine;
Control section adopts D/A controller and servo-valve controller to import as low-voltage signal, carries out high voltage control by programmable logic controller (PLC), makes system operation security of operation, reliable.
The flanging oil cylinder, for fixing test specimen provides pressure, during envelope test, static load is provided by load cylinder, and pressure-pad-force is provided by the flanging oil cylinder, and the payload of loading is changed by A/D by computing machine by load sensor, control in real time, assurance device trouble free service; Pressure-pad-force also can be changed by A/D by computing machine by a pressure transducer, and control in real time is to satisfy the needs of evaluate fixed test specimen.
But load maintainer servo apply hydraulic pressure mechanism, in hydraulic servo, system pressure can be regulated with the swing handle on the surplus valve, show that by tensimeter the flanging oil cylinder working-pressure can be regulated with the swing handle of reduction valve, to change the clamping pressure-pad-force of flanging oil cylinder to test specimen, make pressure-pad-force satisfy load cylinder by the electrohydraulic servo valve control loaded, after the energized, the pilot lamp on the servo-valve controller is bright, illustrates working properly; Loading procedure is by the computer measurement and control system software control.Static evaluation when test, the load cylinder displacement stroke, i.e. displacement of pressing head is by displacement sensor, by the computer measurement and control system software collection.The pass knob of Oil pump electrical machinery has anxious stopping and auto-lock function, has strengthened the security of hydraulic work system.
On the montant of the both sides of portal frame, be provided with screw mandrel, moving beam is moved up and down under the screw mandrel transmission by motor-driven; The bound position that moving beam moves up and down is limited by limit switch.
In the apparatus main body part, at the upper and lower fixed cross beam and the base that fixation is arranged respectively of portal frame; Clamp structure on the test specimen carriage can adopt pressing plate that test specimen is fixed.
During dynamic test, impact energy is determined by the pressure head hoisting depth, can be provided with an electromagnet simultaneously on pressure head, and in order to the height of control pressure head, electromagnet is by computer control; Measurement to the indenture degree of depth that caused by pressure head on test specimen can be passed through common measurement instruments, measures as milscale, vernier caliper.
Simultaneously, because moving beam is provided with limit switch, computing machine is to the real-time control of load, and Oil pump electrical machinery closes the sudden-stop function of knob, has strengthened the safety guarantee of this device in operational process.
The present invention carries out dent resistance to flat part can assess, and for bulging spare and simulating piece, can carry out common processing to it, and also available the present invention carries out the assessment of dent resistance.
Test specimen is placed on the test specimen carriage, and be fixed with pressing plate, standard-required by Material Testing Machine, power value and shift value measure portion to apparatus for evaluating are calibrated, and on test specimen, testing position is stamped sign, to distinguish the dent resistance energy of different parts, use method provided by the invention, test specimen is carried out dent resistance can evaluation test.
Method of the present invention comprises static evaluation method and dynamic assessment method, and the static evaluation method comprises and once loads the dent resistance evaluation test and load the dent resistance evaluation test one by one, and its controlled variable is that load cylinder is to the load of moving beam and the displacement of pressure head; The controlled variable of dynamic assessment method is that pressure head is to the impact energy of test specimen and the deflection of test specimen;
To once loading the dent resistance test, comprise the following step:
Select the pressure head of loading velocity and different-diameter on request,, begin to apply loading procedure by setup program test place of pressure head perpendicular alignmnet;
The disposable load that applies on load cylinder under certain loading velocity, reads load signal by load sensor, by the displacement sensor displacement, and by Computer Processing, obtains load-displacement curves, and ask for slope stage by stage on this curve;
For loading the dent resistance evaluation test one by one, comprise the following step:
Select the pressure head of loading velocity and different-diameter on request,, begin to apply loading procedure by setup program test place of pressure head perpendicular alignmnet;
On load cylinder, apply certain preload P
In advance, be added to minimum load P again
Minimum, be offloaded to preload, on the minimum load basis, go on foot Δ P then with load increment, under certain loading velocity, increase load and loads-unload (at every turn being offloaded to preload) test one by one, until finishing loading-unloading cycle index;
Computer acquisition loading-unloading curve, and it is right to obtain indenture load-indenture depth data, carries out data processing by test software, obtains the load P under certain indenture degree of depth
dWith the indenture depth d under the certain load
p
For dynamic assessment method, then comprise the following step:
Measure the height of specimen test position, this value is to measure the reference value of all cup depth values of reading;
With test place of pressure head perpendicular alignmnet, adopt different pressure head energy bulb bump test specimens respectively, but as energy measurement and write down the pressure head resilient energy, be sure not to make pressure head to clash into test specimen once more, and measure and record by the cup depth that forms on the test specimen behind the different pressure head energy impacts.
In the disposable loading appraisal procedure of static state, the slope of gained is respectively on the load-displacement curves:
Initial stiffness: the i.e. rate of curve that least square method is tried to achieve on the starting stage of load～displacement curve;
Secondary rigidity: after the generation that promptly rises and falls, the slope that subordinate phase is tried to achieve with least square method on the load～displacement curve;
Final rigidity: last that part of rate of curve before peak load arrives on the load～displacement curve;
Rigidity is big more, and then the dent resistance of sheet metal can be good more.
Load one by one in the appraisal procedure in static state,
Indenture depth d under the load P
pThe amount of deflection of test specimen deducts initial p when being applied to P for loading in the load P+ Δ P circulation
In advanceAmount of deflection;
The plasticity cup depth is in load test one by one, and load is applied to P in the load P+ Δ P circulation
In advanceAmount of deflection deducts initial p
In advanceAmount of deflection;
Critical depression load to all loaded cycle sections, is listed load value and cup depth result in load test one by one.The numerical value of visible plasticity cup depth first according to prediction by the sheet metal thickness decision, adopt first greater than load, the cup depth data of visible cup depth first, and last is less than as seen peak load, the cup depth data of cup depth are right first, peak load, cup depth are carried out regression treatment, provide P～d to scheme (indenture load～indenture depth map).
From P～d figure, can find out, the cup depth d of the test specimen under certain load state P, d is more little, and then the dent resistance of sheet metal can be good more; Also can find out the P under certain cup depth, P is big more, and then dent resistance can be good more.
In the static evaluation test, system must be enough firm, and its rigidity should satisfy under static load 200N, and the deflection deformation of generation is smaller or equal to 0.01mm; Pressure head can be the hemispherical steel ball of diameter 10～20mm, and hardness HRC55, average surface roughness Ra are 0.254um; Loading and uninstall process speed suggestion are 2～10mm/min; The resolution of load sensor should reach or be better than 0.01% of 1N or indicating value; The resolution of displacement transducer should reach or be better than 0.005mm; The selection of pressure-pad-force can be passed through the pressure-pad-force of pressure transducer gaging pressure oil cylinder to test specimen, and shows control by computing machine, also can regulate the size of pressure-pad-force by the swing handle of reduction valve.
In the dynamic evaluation test, the suggestion of pressure head energy is tested respectively for progressively increasing, and impact energy should comprise the highest energy and the minimum energy grade of user's needs in the preset sequence.The minimum impact energy of selecting for use should be the energy value that can produce a depression that can measure; As long as, only need carry out the primary collision test if obtain cup depth behind bump once; Whether test findings does not reflect paints on the test specimen and the thickness effect of the coat of paint.
Energy measurement to the test specimen performance characteristic only be cup depth and Impact energy, if can measure the rebound height of pressure head simultaneously, so this part energy meter is added into.
Under certain energy impact, the cup depth that forms on test specimen is more little, illustrates that then the dent resistance of sheet metal can be good more; Under certain cup depth, big more as the energy of bump, then dent resistance can be good more.
In the dynamic evaluation test, system must be enough firm, and its rigidity should satisfy under static load 200N, and the deflection deformation of generation is smaller or equal to 0.01mm; Press son to can be the hemispherical steel ball of diameter 10～20mm, hardness HRC55, average surface roughness Ra are 0.254um; The strike path of pressure head should be the normal direction of contact point when clashing into test specimen first, angular deviation within 2.5 degree, and in the warranty test process strike path skew or the scope of sliding within 2.5 degree.
The present invention has provided the concrete grammar and the device of dent resistance assessment, and the quantizating index of evaluation anti-concavity of metal thin sheet is provided, and for judging the anti-recessed ability of sheet metal, the selection of rationalization provides foundation, satisfies different sheet material user demands.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a device synoptic diagram of the present invention
Fig. 2 is a device work simple diagram of the present invention
Fig. 3 is the block scheme of measurement control gear of the present invention
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of hydraulic servo of the present invention
Fig. 5 is in the static anti-recessed assessment, once loads dent resistance evaluation test gained load-displacement curves figure
Fig. 6 is in the static anti-recessed assessment, loads the loading-unloading curve map of dent resistance evaluation test one by one
Fig. 7 is in the static anti-recessed assessment, loads the load-depth curve figure of dent resistance evaluation test one by one
The drawing reference numeral explanation
1, fixed cross beam 2, load cylinder
3, screw mandrel 4, moving beam
5, load sensor 6, pressure head
7, test specimen 8, pressing plate
9, test specimen carriage 10, flanging oil cylinder
11, base 12, grating displacement sensor
13, Oil pump electrical machinery 14, oil pump
15, oil filter 16, tensimeter
17, pressure transducer 18, reversal valve
19, reduction valve 20, limit switch
21, servo-valve 22, surplus valve
23, reversal valve 24, fuel tank
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the inventive system comprises: comprising: apparatus main body, the portal frame construction, moving beam 4, test specimen carriage 9, the test specimen carriage 9 that comprise a fixing whole device are provided with pressing plate 8, in order to the fixation to test specimen 7; Load maintainer can be hydraulic servo, comprises a load cylinder 2 that static load is provided; Measure control gear, comprise a load sensor 5, a grating displacement sensor 12; Pressure head 6;
Moving beam 4 across and be slidedly arranged on portal frame both sides montant, load cylinder 2 places on the moving beam 4, pressure head 6 is installed in below the moving beam 4 and with moving beam 4 and moves, test specimen 7 is placed in the below of pressure head 6, the grating displacement sensor 12 of measuring the displacement of pressure head 6 is located on the montant of test specimen one side, measure pressure head to the load sensor 5 of test specimen load between pressure head 6 and load cylinder 2, as shown in Figure 2, the dent resistance of test specimen is measured in the displacement that therefore static load that is applied on test specimen 7 by pressure head 6 during envelope test and pressure head 6 produce; On test specimen 7, apply the deflection that therefore dynamic power and test specimen 7 produce by pressure head 6 by freely falling body in the time of dynamically, measure the dent resistance of test specimen.
As shown in Figure 3, measuring the control gear part, also comprise: the intelligent data amplifier; 12 D/A digital to analog converters; The servo-valve controller; 12 A/D analog to digital converters; Computing machine.
In the load measurement part, the intelligent data amplifier amplifies the signal of load sensor 5 as the prime simulating signal, adopt 12 A/D analog to digital converters in the computing machine, and carry out automatic zero set (AZS), fluid drive, improved precision greatly with 12 D/A digital to analog converter pair amplifiers;
Displacement measurement partly adopts high precision grating displacement sensor 12, and during the static evaluation test, it measures the displacement of pressure head 6, and the numerical value of measuring is input in the computing machine by the RS232 interface circuit;
Control section adopts 12 D/A digital to analog converters and servo-valve controller to import as low-voltage signal, carries out high voltage control by programmable logic controller (PLC), makes system operation security of operation, reliable.
Also can measure pressure-pad-force and change control in real time by computer A/D by a pressure transducer 17.
As shown in Figure 4, also comprise flanging oil cylinder 10 in the hydraulic servo, flanging oil cylinder 10 provides pressure for fixing test specimen 7.During envelope test, static load is provided by load cylinder 2, and pressure-pad-force is provided by flanging oil cylinder 10, and the payload of loading is changed by A/D by computing machine by load sensor 5, control in real time, assurance device trouble free service; Pressure-pad-force also can be changed by A/D by computing machine by a pressure transducer 17, and control in real time is to satisfy the needs of evaluate fixed test specimen 7.
In hydraulic servo, system pressure can be regulated with the swing handle on the surplus valve 22, show by tensimeter 16, the flanging oil cylinder working-pressure can be regulated with the swing handle of reduction valve 19, and to change the clamping pressure-pad-force of 10 pairs of test specimens 7 of flanging oil cylinder, load cylinder 2 is by electrohydraulic servo valve 21 control loaded, the servo-valve controller is powered by the 220V power supply, after the energized, on the servo-valve controller ± the 15V pilot lamp is bright, illustrates working properly; Loading procedure is by the computer measurement and control system software control.The displacement stroke of load cylinder 2, i.e. the displacement of pressure head 6 is measured by grating displacement sensor 12, by the computer measurement and control system software collection.
On the montant of portal frame both sides, be provided with the screw mandrel 3 that transmission moving beam 4 moves, moving beam 4 is by motor-driven, and the bound position that it moves up and down is by limit switch 20 restrictions; The pass knob of Oil pump electrical machinery 13 has system's sudden-stop function and auto-lock function simultaneously concurrently, should it be upspring again by once closing knob before restarting, to remove self-locking.
During dynamic test, impact energy is determined by pressure head 6 hoisting depths, computing machine is controlled motor by interface circuit, thereby the hoisting depth of control pressure head 6, simultaneously on pressure head, can be provided with an electromagnet, in order to the fixing height of pressure head, electromagnet is controlled by the relay in the interface circuit by computing machine; Measurement to the indenture degree of depth that caused by pressure head 6 on test specimen 7 can be passed through common measurement instruments, can measure as milscale, vernier caliper.
Simultaneously, because moving beam 4 is provided with limit switch 20; Close the sudden-stop function and the real-time control of computing machine of knob, strengthened the safety guarantee of this device in operational process loading.
The present invention carries out dent resistance to flat part can assess, and for bulging spare and simulating piece, can carry out common processing to it, and also available the present invention carries out the assessment of dent resistance.
Method of the present invention, comprise static evaluation method and dynamic assessment method, the static evaluation method comprises and once loads the dent resistance appraisal procedure and load the dent resistance appraisal procedure one by one, and its controlled variable is the load that applies of 2 pairs of moving beams 4 of load cylinder and the displacement of pressure head 6; The controlled variable of dynamic assessment method is the impact energy of 6 pairs of test specimens 7 of pressure head and the deflection of test specimen 7;
Once load the dent resistance appraisal procedure and contain the following step:
Select pressure-pad-force on request, loading velocity and pressure head with pressure head 6 perpendicular alignmnet tests place, begin applying loading procedure;
Pressure head can be the hemispherical steel ball of diameter 10～20mm, and hardness HRC55, average surface roughness Ra are 0.254um; Loading velocity can be 5mm/min.
Apply load on the disposable load cylinder 2, when loading velocity is 5mm/min, read load signal by load sensor 5, read displacement signal by grating displacement sensor 12, and, obtain load-displacement curves, as shown in Figure 5 by Computer Processing and record, and on this curve, ask for slope stage by stage, the slope of gained is respectively:
Initial stiffness K
1: promptly in the starting stage of load～displacement curve, the rate of curve of trying to achieve with least square method when the 10N～20N for load;
The secondary stiffness K
2: after promptly rise and fall taking place, on the load～displacement curve subordinate phase with least square method try to achieve slope;
Final stiffness K
3: last that part of rate of curve before peak load arrives on the load～displacement curve.
Rigidity is big more, and then dent resistance is good more.
Comprise the following step for loading the dent resistance appraisal procedure one by one:
Select pressure-pad-force on request, loading velocity and pressure head with pressure head 6 perpendicular alignmnet tests place, begin applying loading procedure;
On load cylinder 2, apply certain preload P
In advance10N is added to minimum load P again
MinimumAs 50N, be offloaded to preload 10N, on the basis of minimum load 50N, go on foot Δ P then with load increment, as 50N, under certain loading velocity, increase and load to 100N, be offloaded to 10N again, be loaded on 100N+50N=150N with certain loading velocity again, be offloaded to 10N...... again, load-unload (at every turn being offloaded to preload) test so one by one, until finishing predetermined loading-unloading cycle index as 4 times;
By load sensor and computer measurement load,, obtain loading-unloading curve by the displacement sensor displacement of pressing head, as shown in Figure 6, and obtain the cup depth A that when 50N, produces, the cup depth B that the 150N circulation time produces, total cup depth C that the 200N circulation time produces;
Computer acquisition loading-unloading curve, and it is right to obtain indenture load-indenture depth data, carries out data processing by test software, obtains the load P under certain indenture degree of depth
dWith the indenture depth d under the certain load
p, as shown in Figure 7;
Indenture depth d under the load P
pAmount of deflection when being applied to P for loading in the load P+ Δ P circulation deducts initial p
In advanceAmount of deflection, the amount of deflection of load when being applied to P is that grating displacement sensor 12 reads when P and the displacement of the pressure head 6 handled of machine as calculated, initial p
In advanceAmount of deflection be the displacement that grating displacement sensor 12 reads at the pre-pressure head 6 of P.
The plasticity cup depth is in load test one by one, and load is applied to P in the load P+ Δ P circulation
In advanceThe time amount of deflection deduct initial p
In advanceAmount of deflection.
Critical depression load to all loaded cycle sections, is listed load value and cup depth result in load test one by one.The numerical value (being generally 0.1mm) of visible plasticity cup depth first according to prediction by the sheet metal thickness decision.Adopt first greater than load, the cup depth data of visible cup depth first, and last is less than as seen peak load, the cup depth data of cup depth are right first, peak load, cup depth are carried out regression treatment, provide P～d to scheme (indenture load～indenture depth map).
From P～d figure, can find out, the cup depth d of the test specimen under certain load state P, d is more little, and then the dent resistance of sheet metal can be good more; Also can find out the P under certain cup depth, P is big more, and then dent resistance can be good more.
In test, system must be enough firm, and its rigidity should satisfy under static load 200N, and the deflection deformation of generation is smaller or equal to 0.01mm; The resolution of load sensor should reach or be better than 0.01% of 1N or indicating value; The resolution of grating displacement sensor should reach or be better than 0.005mm.
Dynamic assessment method involved in the present invention comprises the following step at least:
Measure the height at test specimen 7 testing position places, this value is to measure the reference value of all cup depth values of reading;
Test specimen on the test specimen carriage 97 is put accurate position, and the test specimen Surface Vertical that makes the testing position place is in the strike path of pressure head 6;
Adopt the bulb of pressure head energy 0.2J to clash into test specimen, but as energy measurement and write down pressure head 6 resilient energies, be sure not to make pressure head to clash into test specimen 7 once more, measure also record by the cup depth that forms behind the 0.2J energy impact;
Adopt the bulb of pressure head energy 0.3J to clash into test specimen, but as energy measurement and write down pressure head 6 resilient energies, be sure not to make pressure head 6 to clash into test specimen 7 once more, measure also record by the cup depth that forms behind the 0.3J energy impact;
Adopt the bulb of pressure head energy 0.4J to clash into test specimen 7, but as energy measurement and write down pressure head 6 resilient energies, be sure not to make pressure head 6 to clash into test specimen 7 once more, measure also record by the cup depth that forms behind the 0.4J energy impact;
Adopt the bulb of pressure head energy 0.5J to clash into test specimen 7, but as energy measurement and write down pressure head 6 resilient energies, be sure not to make pressure head 6 to clash into test specimen 7 once more, measure also record by the cup depth that forms behind the 0.5J energy impact.
The pressure subroutine of listing (0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5J) only be a kind of suggestion, impact energy should comprise the highest energy and the minimum energy grade of user's needs in the preset sequence.The minimum impact energy of selecting for use should be the energy value that can produce a depression that can measure, and test findings generally adopts 0.2J-0.3J; As long as, only need carry out the primary collision test if obtain cup depth behind bump once; Whether test findings does not reflect paints on the test specimen and the thickness effect of the coat of paint.
Energy measurement to the test specimen performance characteristic only be cup depth and Impact energy, if can measure the rebound height of pressure head simultaneously, so this part energy meter is added into.
In the dynamic evaluation test, system must be enough firm, and its rigidity should satisfy under static load 200N, and the deflection deformation of generation is smaller or equal to 0.01mm; The testing equipment energy measurement also writes down impact energy and last cup depth, the strike path of pressure head should be the normal direction of contact point when clashing into test specimen first, angular deviation within 2.5 degree, and in the warranty test process strike path skew or the scope of sliding within 2.5 degree.
Claims (18)
1. the dent resistance apparatus for evaluating of a sheet metal is characterized in that, comprising:
Apparatus main body comprises portal frame construction, moving beam, test specimen carriage and the test specimen clamp structure of a fixing whole device; Moving beam across and be slidedly arranged on portal frame both sides montant;
Load maintainer comprises a load cylinder that static load is provided, and this load cylinder places on the moving beam;
Measure control gear, comprise a load sensor, a displacement transducer;
Pressure head, it is installed in below the load cylinder;
The test specimen carriage is placed in pressure head below, has the test specimen clamp structure that fixing test specimen is used on it, and the displacement transducer of measuring displacement of pressing head is located on the montant of portal frame one side, measures load sensor that pressure head loads to test specimen between pressure head and load cylinder;
The flanging oil cylinder for fixing test specimen provides pressure, is positioned at the below of test specimen carriage; In flanging oil cylinder side, also have one to measure the pressure transducer and the reduction valve of adjusting flanging oil cylinder that the flanging oil cylinder working-pressure also can be imported pressure computing machine to the pressure-pad-force of test specimen clamping.
2. the dent resistance apparatus for evaluating of sheet metal as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described measurement control structure also comprises: intelligent data amplifier, D/A digital to analog converter, servo-valve controller, A/D analog to digital converter, computing machine;
The signal of load sensor amplifies through the intelligent data amplifier, and by the A/D analog to digital converter, in the input computing machine;
Displacement of pressing head is by displacement sensor and be input in the computing machine;
But the automatic zero set (AZS) under computer control of intelligent data amplifier, fluid drive;
Computing machine adopts D/A digital to analog converter and servo-valve controller to import as low-voltage signal, carries out high voltage control.
3. the dent resistance apparatus for evaluating of sheet metal as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that on the montant of the both sides of described portal frame, can be provided with can the transmission moving beam screw mandrel.
4. the dent resistance apparatus for evaluating of sheet metal as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises one and drives the drive unit that described moving beam moves.
5. the dent resistance apparatus for evaluating of sheet metal according to claim 1 is characterized in that the bit switch of limiting on the described moving beam.
6. the dent resistance apparatus for evaluating of sheet metal as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, in dynamic test, be provided with above the pressure head one control pressure head height and by computer-controlled electromagnet.
7. the dent resistance apparatus for evaluating of sheet metal as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described test specimen clamp structure is the pressing plate that is located on the test specimen carriage.
8. anti-concavity of metal thin sheet apparatus for evaluating as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described pressure head is the hemispherical steel ball of diameter 10～20mm, and hardness HRC55, average surface roughness Ra are 0.254um.
9. anti-concavity of metal thin sheet apparatus for evaluating as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the resolution of described displacement transducer should reach or be better than 0.005mm.
10. anti-concavity of metal thin sheet apparatus for evaluating as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the resolution of described load sensor should reach or be better than 0.01% of 1N or computing machine displayed value.
11. a method of carrying out the anti-concavity of metal thin sheet assessment with the described anti-concavity of metal thin sheet apparatus for evaluating of claim 1 comprises the following step:
Select the pressure head of pressure-pad-force, loading velocity and different-diameter on request,, begin to apply loading procedure test place of pressure head perpendicular alignmnet;
The disposable load that applies on load cylinder under certain loading velocity, reads load signal by load sensor, read displacement signal by displacement transducer, and, obtain load-displacement curves, and on this curve, ask for slope stage by stage by Computer Processing and demonstration.
12. anti-concavity of metal thin sheet appraisal procedure as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that, the speed of described loading is 2～10mm/min.
13. a method of carrying out the anti-concavity of metal thin sheet assessment with the described anti-concavity of metal thin sheet apparatus for evaluating of claim 1 comprises the following step:
Select the pressure head of pressure-pad-force, loading velocity and different-diameter on request,, begin to apply loading procedure test place of pressure head perpendicular alignmnet;
On load cylinder, apply certain preload, be added to minimum load again, be offloaded to preload, then on the minimum load basis with load increment, under certain loading velocity, increase load and load-unload test one by one, and each with certain discharge rate, be offloaded to preload, until finishing loading-unloading cycle index;
By load sensor and computer measurement load, by the displacement sensor displacement of pressing head,, obtain loading-unloading curve, and obtain the cup depth of generation under the certain load circulation by computer recording and demonstration;
Computer acquisition loading-unloading curve, and it is right to obtain indenture load-indenture depth data, promptly obtains the load P under certain indenture degree of depth
dWith the indenture depth d under the certain load
p
14. anti-concavity of metal thin sheet appraisal procedure as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that, the indenture depth d under the load P
pAmount of deflection when adding to P for loading in the loading-unloading circulation deducts the amount of deflection of initial preload, the displacement of the amount of deflection of load when the adding to P pressure head that to be displacement transducer read during for P at load, the amount of deflection of initial preload be displacement transducer read at the initial displacement of pressing head of preload.
15. anti-concavity of metal thin sheet appraisal procedure as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that, described loading, unloading acceleration are 2～10mm/min.
16. a method of carrying out the anti-concavity of metal thin sheet assessment with the described anti-concavity of metal thin sheet apparatus for evaluating of claim 1 comprises the following step:
Select pressure-pad-force on request;
Measure the height of specimen test position, this value is to measure the reference value of all cup depth values of reading;
Adopt different pressure head energy bulbs bump test specimens respectively, and test place of pressure head perpendicular alignmnet, but as energy measurement and write down the pressure head resilient energy, be sure not to make pressure head to clash into test specimen once more, and measure and record by the cup depth that forms behind the different pressure head energy impacts.
17. anti-concavity of metal thin sheet appraisal procedure as claimed in claim 16 is characterized in that, described pressure head energy is tested respectively for progressively increasing, and impact energy should comprise the highest energy and the minimum energy grade of user's needs in the preset sequence; The minimum impact energy of selecting for use should be the energy value that can produce a depression that can measure; As long as, only need carry out the primary collision test if obtain cup depth behind bump once.
18. anti-concavity of metal thin sheet appraisal procedure as claimed in claim 16 is characterized in that, test place of pressure head perpendicular alignmnet is meant that the strike path of pressure head should be the normal direction that pressure head contacts the contact point of test specimen first, angular deviation is in 2.5 degree.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01145711 CN1258676C (en) | 2001-12-30 | 2001-12-30 | Method and device for evaluating anti-concavity of metal thin sheet |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01145711 CN1258676C (en) | 2001-12-30 | 2001-12-30 | Method and device for evaluating anti-concavity of metal thin sheet |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1430053A CN1430053A (en) | 2003-07-16 |
| CN1258676C true CN1258676C (en) | 2006-06-07 |
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| CN 01145711 Expired - Fee Related CN1258676C (en) | 2001-12-30 | 2001-12-30 | Method and device for evaluating anti-concavity of metal thin sheet |
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| CN (1) | CN1258676C (en) |
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| CN103852389A (en) * | 2012-11-28 | 2014-06-11 | 海洋王（东莞）照明科技有限公司 | Method for testing impact strength of light guide plate |
| TWI509243B (en) * | 2013-01-07 | 2015-11-21 | Univ Nat Chiao Tung | A testing system and method of metal sheet |
| CN103454061B (en) * | 2013-08-19 | 2016-01-20 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of pilot system and method for testing manufacturing sheet metal given size impact dent |
| CN104568581A (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2015-04-29 | 江苏肯帝亚木业有限公司 | Universal testing machine for wood floor test |
| CN105628322B (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2017-10-27 | 广东出入境检验检疫局检验检疫技术中心 | A kind of household electrical appliances drop test system and control method |
| JP6743472B2 (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2020-08-19 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | Impact test method and device |
| CN106525448A (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2017-03-22 | 北京汽车股份有限公司 | Dent resistance detection device |
| CN106989941A (en) | 2017-03-30 | 2017-07-28 | 中车青岛四方车辆研究所有限公司 | Car lifting J-Horner lift unit load test TT＆C system and method |
| CN108168863A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-06-15 | 湖南高速铁路职业技术学院 | Highway crash column quality detection device |
| CN110186764A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-08-30 | 北京航天新风机械设备有限责任公司 | A kind of sheet metal dynamic dent resistance measuring device |
| CN110849521B (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2021-05-28 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Portable loading and optical testing device applied to field residual stress |
-
2001
- 2001-12-30 CN CN 01145711 patent/CN1258676C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN1430053A (en) | 2003-07-16 |
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