CN1257029C - Sub-heat control fine forging process for automobile spline shaft - Google Patents
Sub-heat control fine forging process for automobile spline shaft Download PDFInfo
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- CN1257029C CN1257029C CN 200410053042 CN200410053042A CN1257029C CN 1257029 C CN1257029 C CN 1257029C CN 200410053042 CN200410053042 CN 200410053042 CN 200410053042 A CN200410053042 A CN 200410053042A CN 1257029 C CN1257029 C CN 1257029C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a sub-heat control fine forging process for an automobile spline shaft, which is used for the field of metal plasticity processing. The process comprises two steps, blanking and workblank heating. After workblank is heated to 980 to 1000 DEG C, the head and the rod parts of the workblank are forged fine under sub heat; then residual heat is used for controlling cooling; and finally, splines are extruded in cooling state. The sub-heat fine forging step ensures that the head and the rod parts of the workblank are extruded to be shaped once, or the head and the rod parts of the workblank are shaped twice, i.e. the rod part is extruded first, and then the heat part is stamped, wherein the starting forging temperature is 950 to 980DEG. C for sub-heat fine forging, and the control finishing forging temperature is 850 to 880 DEG C. The sub-heat control fine forging process has the advantages of little resistance of material deformation and easy shaping, and cancels the process step of single normalizing treatment. In the sub-heat control fine forging process, shaped residual heat is used for controlling cooling state so as to obtain superior internal organism and high comprehensive mechanical properties, simplify the process, save energy source and enhance the quality of products.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of precision forging technology of auto parts, specifically is a kind of inferior thermal control forging of automobile castellated shaft.Be used for the Metal Forming field.
Background technology
Precision forging is by basic working procedure or its combinations such as forward extrusion, backward extrusion, radial compression, jumping-up, pressure-sizing, obtains the method for clean shaping or approximate clean shaping forging.China's processing industry will be carried out forward extrusion, backward extrusion, radial compression in room temperature and will be called cold-extruded, jumping-up be added cold extrusion be called cold forging; Steel extruding, jumping-up processing to 850 ℃ more than room temperature is called warm forging.Generally the precision forging of indication comprises cold forging and warm forging, and its deformation temperature is in the temperature range in room temperature or more than room temperature, below the perfect recrystallization of material.Splined shaft is the strength member of car transmissions, and head is made at present domestic most employing hot forging, and spline is with mach method production.
Find by literature search, (the 133rd page of chapter 7) introduced in Zhu Weicheng work " auto parts fine forging technology " (publishing house of Beijing University of Technology 1999) book, in recent years, occurred multiple forming technology abroad and produced the automobile castellated shaft part, roughly can reduce the multiple roll die and just squeeze that spline, whole die are just squeezing spline, dull and stereotyped tooth bar is rubbed with the hands and squeezed four kinds of spline, cold rolling for making spline.The prior art of automobile castellated shaft manufacturing process is that forge hot adds cold-extruded, and its processing step is: 1 blanking; 2 blanks heating (≤1200 ℃); 3 hot forgings (1150 ℃); 4 normalized treatment; 5 machined splines or cold-extruded spline.Because forge hot and cold-extruded process combined are taked in the production of automobile castellated shaft, therefore it is big to exist forge hot distortion energy consumption, and that workpiece easily produces is overheated, burning, oxidation, decarburization phenomenon, and forging allowance is big, forging surface quality and comprehensive mechanical performance are not high, and shortcoming such as working condition difference.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of prior art, a kind of inferior thermal control forging of automobile castellated shaft is provided.Deformation temperature of the present invention is higher than common warm forging scope, it is a kind of subhot refining method that between hot forging temperature and warm forging temperature, is shaped, and adopt control to be shaped, therefore, in deformation process, when the product design size reaches designing requirement, can obtain good interior tissue and higher comprehensive mechanical performance, simplify technology, saved the energy, improved product quality.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, comprises blanking, blank heating two big steps, after described blank is heated to 980 ℃～1000 ℃, carries out the subhot refining of head and bar portion, utilizes waste heat control cooling then, last cold-extruded spline.
Described subhot refining, its initial forging temperature are 950 ℃～980 ℃, and the control final forging temperature is 850 ℃～880 ℃.
Described subhot refining is with extrusion molding of its head and bar portion, also can divide secondary forming, promptly first pressure ram portion, upsetting squeeze head again.
Described subhot refining, the total deformation degree of its head is 55%～62%, the total deformation degree of bar portion splined section is 50%～58%.
Described control cooling can be an air cooling, or water-cooled adds air cooling.
The deformation extent of described cold-extruded spline is 16%～20%.
Inferior warm and hot forging is a kind of forging that is shaped between warm forging temperature and hot forging temperature.Steel just is shaped between 850 ℃～1000 ℃,, therefore can adopts the control FMT owing to be under the temperature range more higher, to be out of shape than warm forging.Traditional cold forging, warm forging are to make workpiece to be machined generation plastic deformation by the forging and pressing manufacturing process, thereby make its shape and size reach designing requirement, and the serviceability of workpiece then is that the subsequent handling by Plastic Forming guarantees.As above-mentioned splined shaft forging, need normalized treatment after the forge hot, not only increased energy consumption, and in deformation process, produce some to improving the very favourable substructure of workpiece performance, also pine for suffering to destroy completely adding, this is totally unfavorable to improving the workpiece performance again.The control FMT is to pass through in deformation process the plastic forming process parameter control, obtains good interior tissue and performance when the product design size reaches designing requirement, promptly in " control shape " " control ".
In inferior pyroplastic deformation process, a series of microstructure has taken place and has developed in material, and has directly determined the comprehensive mechanical performance of product.For this reason, the present invention has studied mechanical behavior and the dynamic organization of steel in inferior thermal deformation process and has changed, and between the inferior hot precision form operation, the static state that takes place in cooling procedure crystalline characteristics again, test by the hot compression under the inferior heat condition, having measured automobile castellated shaft is 800 ℃, 850 ℃, 900 ℃, 950 ℃, 1000 ℃ with the 40Cr steel in deformation temperature, maximum true strain is 0.7, and strain rate is 0.1s
-1, 0.5s
-1, 5s
-1, 20s
-1Stress-strain relation, and determined the microstructure evolution model of the dynamic recrystallization/inferior dynamic recrystallization process of 40Cr steel with the method for mathematical regression based on classical model, control recrystallization process by controlling inferior thermal deformation parameter, thereby obtain than fine grain after making inferior thermal deformation.The present invention is the microcosmic evolutionary model of determining by thermal simulation experiment, quote finite element numerical simulation software, its operation is carried out the overall process simulation, determined the main technologic parameters of automobile castellated shaft subhot refining: initial forging temperature is 950 ℃～980 ℃, the control final forging temperature is at 850 ℃～880 ℃, and deformation extent is 50%～62%.
The inferior thermal control forging of automobile castellated shaft of the present invention, not only little, the easy shaping of material deformation resistance, and cancelled the operation of independent normalized treatment, utilize the waste heat control cooling after being shaped, thereby obtain good interior tissue and higher comprehensive mechanical performance, simplify technology, saved the energy, improved product quality.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of design of part schematic diagram of automobile castellated shaft
Wherein 1 is head, and 2 is bar portion, and 3 is the spline position.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of various plastic deformation temperatures scopes
Wherein abscissa be temperature T (℃), ordinate is stress σ (MPa), A is the cold deformation district, B is the warm deformation district, C is inferior thermal deformation district, D is the thermal deformation district.
Fig. 3 is a processing step block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the metallograph (* 100) after automobile castellated shaft adopts inferior warm and hot forging.
The specific embodiment
Below by embodiment, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, to further instruction of the present invention:
As Fig. 1, shown in Figure 3, a kind of inferior thermal control forging of automobile castellated shaft, its processing step is:
1, blanking does not have defective in order to guarantee cutting stock weight and material surface, can with shearing machine or sawing machine blanking, will remove burr to the blank that scales off according to a conventional method to the peeling of hot rolling 40Cr rod iron material.
2, blank heating can be heated with the heating in medium frequency stove, according to a conventional method in order to prevent decarburization, oxidation; the general heat of earlier blank being given is to 100～120 ℃; immerse in the watersoluble plumbago groove, take out on the blank of back and can stay solid graphite, play protection steel not oxidation of material and lubrication.According to " simulated experiment " result, the blank heating-up temperature is 1000 ℃.
3, subhot refining, according to capacity of equipment, 2 fens secondary formings of head 1 and bar portion, promptly first pressure ram portion, upsetting squeeze head again.Its initial forging temperature is 980 ℃, and the control final forging temperature is 880 ℃.The total deformation degree of head 1 is 62%, and the total deformation degree of the splined section 3 of bar portion 2 is 58%.
4, behind the subhot refining, can adopt water-cooled 5 minutes then the mode of air cooling control cooling.
5, cold-extruded spline 3 according to a conventional method, deformation extent is 16%, in order to guarantee to push precision, answers grinding bar portion before the cold-extruded.
As Fig. 1, shown in Figure 3, a kind of inferior thermal control forging of automobile castellated shaft, its processing step is:
1, blanking in the usual way.
2, in the usual way blank is given heat to 100～120 ℃, be heated to 980 ℃ then.
3, subhot refining, according to capacity of equipment, head 1 and bar portion 2 once-formings.Its initial forging temperature is 950 ℃, and the control final forging temperature is 850 ℃.The total deformation degree of head 1 is 55%, and the total deformation degree of the splined section 3 of bar portion 2 is 50%.
4, behind the subhot refining, can adopt the air cooling mode of forced-air blast to control cooling.
5, cold-extruded spline 3 according to a conventional method, deformation extent is 20%, in order to guarantee to push precision, answers grinding bar portion before the cold-extruded.
As Fig. 1, shown in Figure 3, a kind of inferior thermal control forging of automobile castellated shaft, its processing step is:
1, blanking in the usual way.
2, in the usual way blank is given heat to 100～120 ℃, be heated to 950 ℃ then.
3, subhot refining, according to capacity of equipment, head 1 and bar portion 2 once-formings.Its initial forging temperature is 930 ℃, and the control final forging temperature is 860 ℃.The total deformation degree of head 1 is 58%, and the total deformation degree of the splined section 3 of bar portion 2 is 55%.
4, behind the subhot refining, can adopt the air cooling mode of forced-air blast to control cooling.
5, cold-extruded spline 3 according to a conventional method, deformation extent is 18%, in order to guarantee to push precision, answers grinding bar portion before the cold-extruded.
Because utilize the waste heat control cooling after being shaped, the foregoing description has all obtained good interior tissue, through check, the metallographic structure after the inferior hot extrusion reaches 6 grades of U.S. ASTN E112 standard, as shown in Figure 4.
It is an important technology index of splined shaft forging that hardness distributes, and it influences service life.After tested, obtained higher comprehensive mechanical performance after control is forged, everywhere hardness number is HB 170～250 on the forging.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of inferior thermal control forging of automobile castellated shaft, it is characterized in that, comprise blanking and blank heating two big steps, after described blank is heated to 980 ℃～1000 ℃, carry out the subhot refining of head and bar portion, utilize waste heat control cooling then, last cold-extruded spline, described subhot refining, its initial forging temperature are 950 ℃～980 ℃, and the control final forging temperature is 850 ℃～880 ℃, described subhot refining, be with extrusion molding of blank head and bar portion, perhaps with blank head and bar part secondary forming, promptly first pressure ram portion, upsetting squeeze head again, the leading edge deformation degree is 55%～62%, and bar portion splined section deformation extent is 50%～58%, and described cold-extruded spline deformation extent is 16%～20%.
According to the inferior thermal control forging of the described automobile castellated shaft of claim 1, it is characterized in that 2, described control cooling is an air cooling, perhaps water-cooled adds air cooling.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410053042 CN1257029C (en) | 2004-07-22 | 2004-07-22 | Sub-heat control fine forging process for automobile spline shaft |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410053042 CN1257029C (en) | 2004-07-22 | 2004-07-22 | Sub-heat control fine forging process for automobile spline shaft |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1586764A CN1586764A (en) | 2005-03-02 |
| CN1257029C true CN1257029C (en) | 2006-05-24 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN 200410053042 Expired - Fee Related CN1257029C (en) | 2004-07-22 | 2004-07-22 | Sub-heat control fine forging process for automobile spline shaft |
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Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101767178B (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2013-01-16 | 深圳航空标准件有限公司 | Manufacturing method of spline shaft by cold heading |
| CN103537595B (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2015-12-09 | 许昌中兴锻造有限公司 | Splined driveshaft axle Forging Technology |
| CN104131147A (en) * | 2014-08-14 | 2014-11-05 | 内蒙古北方重工业集团有限公司 | Method for normalizing seamless tube for vertical extrusion high-pressure boiler by utilizing residual extrusion heat |
| CN105108456B (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2017-07-21 | 重庆创精温锻成型有限公司 | The manufacture method of new-energy automobile motor axle |
| CN105363990B (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2017-04-19 | 昆山惠众机电有限公司 | Long-rod integrated transmission shaft forging technology |
| CN106424191B (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2018-06-15 | 重庆恒望机械有限公司 | Blind hole rectangular spline cold-extrusion molding method |
| CN106734791A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-05-31 | 陕西宏远航空锻造有限责任公司 | A kind of control technique of PH13 8Mo forging forging temperature on horizontal forging and upsetting machine |
| CN110090871B (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2020-11-03 | 上海交通大学 | Extrusion forming method for controlling phase change sub-thermal blocking |
| CN111375717B (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2022-02-22 | 上海长特锻造有限公司 | Forging process of besides-star wheel with handle |
| CN114074168A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2022-02-22 | 宾科汽车紧固件（昆山）有限公司 | Bolt forming method and cold heading device |
| CN114799032A (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2022-07-29 | 郑州机械研究所有限公司 | Screw forging, forming method of screw forging and forming die of screw forging |
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Address after: 200240 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, No. 800, No. Patentee after: SHANGHAI JIAO TONG University Patentee after: SHANGHAI GKN HUAYU DRIVELINE SYSTEMS Co.,Ltd. Address before: 200240 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, No. 800, No. Patentee before: Shanghai Jiao Tong University Patentee before: Shanghai GKN Drive Shaft Co.,Ltd. |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20060524 |